Visual And Proprioceptive Contributions To Compensatory And Pursuit Tracking Movements In Humans,
2011
Marquette University
Visual And Proprioceptive Contributions To Compensatory And Pursuit Tracking Movements In Humans, Megan L. Heenan, Robert A. Scheidt, Scott A. Beardsley
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
An ongoing debate in the field of motor control considers how the brain uses sensory information to guide the formation of motor commands to regulate movement accuracy. Recent research has shown that the brain may use visual and proprioceptive information differently for stabilization of limb posture (compensatory movements) and for controlling goal-directed limb trajectory (pursuit movements). Using a series of five experiments and linear systems identification techniques, we modeled and estimated the sensorimotor control parameters that characterize the human motor response to kinematic performance errors during continuous compensatory and pursuit tracking tasks. Our findings further support the idea that pursuit …
Quantifying Mitochondrial And Plasma Membrane Potentials In Intact Pulmonary Arterial Endothelial Cells Based On Extracellular Disposition Of Rhodamine Dyes,
2011
Marquette University
Quantifying Mitochondrial And Plasma Membrane Potentials In Intact Pulmonary Arterial Endothelial Cells Based On Extracellular Disposition Of Rhodamine Dyes, Zhuohui Gan, Said H. Audi, Robert D. Bongard, Kathryn M. Gauthier, Marilyn P. Merker
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
Our goal was to quantify mitochondrial and plasma potential (Δψm and Δψp) based on the disposition of rhodamine 123 (R123) or tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE) in the medium surrounding pulmonary endothelial cells. Dyes were added to the medium, and their concentrations in extracellular medium ([Re]) were measured over time. R123 [Re] fell from 10 nM to 6.6 ± 0.1 (SE) nM over 120 min. TMRE [Re] fell from 20 nM to a steady state of 4.9 ± 0.4 nM after ∼30 min. Protonophore or high K+ concentration ([K+]), …
Biophysical Properties Of The Aorta In Patients With Marfan Syndrome And Related Connective Tissue Disorders: Evaluation With Mri And Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling,
2011
Medical College of Wisconsin
Biophysical Properties Of The Aorta In Patients With Marfan Syndrome And Related Connective Tissue Disorders: Evaluation With Mri And Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling, Joseph A. Camarda, Michael G. Earing, Ronak Jashwant Dholakia, Hongfeng Wang, Sung Kwon, John F. Ladisa Jr., Margaret M. Samyn
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Bone Tissue Quality Determination Of Mice Through A Novel Reference Point Indentation Technique,
2011
CUNY City College
Bone Tissue Quality Determination Of Mice Through A Novel Reference Point Indentation Technique, Matin Lendhey
Dissertations and Theses
"Bone strength deteriorates with age; which increases the susceptibility to fracture. Current clinical techniques for the estimation of bone strength are largely Bone Mineral Density (BMD) based. However, toughness, which is the ability to resist crack growth, plays a critical role in bones‟ fracture resistance. Traditionally, toughness measurements involve large samples, obviating their use clinically. Recent data suggest that a reference point indentation approach provides a novel, localized measure of toughness from whole bones. In the current research, we evaluated the sensitivity of this method to discriminate small known differences in fracture toughness that exist between inbred mouse strains with …
Development Of An Approach To Increase Drug Uptake To Bone Tumors Using Non-Invasive Mechanical Loading,
2011
CUNY City College
Development Of An Approach To Increase Drug Uptake To Bone Tumors Using Non-Invasive Mechanical Loading, Paolo E. Palacio
Dissertations and Theses
This thesis develops an approach to enhance drug delivery to bone tumors by implementing a non-invasive mechanical loading technique. An imaging protocol that characterizes the load-enhanced drug uptake is also presented. The long-term goal of this work is to develop a clinical protocol that enhances the delivery of therapeutic agents to bone tumors by utilizing load-bearing activity. This easy-to-implement approach could help increase drug uptake into the tumor interstitial fluid space as well as into tumor cells, thereby enhancing a drug's clinical effect while decreasing systemic drug dosage and unwanted side effects. This thesis details the process used to grow …
Evaluation Of A Novel Self-Assembled Nanocoating In Promoting Bone On-Growth And Apposition On Metal,
2011
CUNY City College
Evaluation Of A Novel Self-Assembled Nanocoating In Promoting Bone On-Growth And Apposition On Metal, Hani Ghazi
Dissertations and Theses
"Loosening of metal is the leading cause of clinical failures of orthopedic surgeries. A novel coating of self-assembled monolayer of phosphonate molecules (SAMP) that chemically enhances metallic surfaces by covalently bonding to their naturally occurring oxidized surfaces has been developed.1 The SAMP coating is chemically stable, and its in-vitro results showed that it promotes cell proliferation, osteoblast adhesion and enhances biological attachment to metal surfaces.1 The purpose of this study is to establish the efficacy of this novel chemical surface treatment in improving the fixation of metallic implants in both cortical and cancellous bone over a conventional untreated implant. We …
Creep Behaviour Of Hand Laminated Glass Reinforced Polymer Composites.,
2011
Department of Manufacturing, Facilities and Biomedical Engineering, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Ireland.
Creep Behaviour Of Hand Laminated Glass Reinforced Polymer Composites., Brian Quinn
Theses
The creep behaviour of hand laminated, glass fiber reinforced polyester composites were studied at coupon level, due to the use of similar materials in long term load bearing civil and structural engineering applications. Creep predictions were made by fitting the parameters of several viscoelastic models to experimental creep data as well as two accelerated test methods, time temperature superposition (TTS) and frequency time transformations (FTT). TTS experiments were carried out in a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) in three point bending mode for three types of material systems. Creep compliance master curves representing the linear viscoelastic creep response at reference temperatures …
Composition-Structure-Property Relationships For Experimental Composite Nerve Guidance Conduits,
2011
Department of Biomedical, Manufacturing and Facilities Engineering, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Ireland.
Composition-Structure-Property Relationships For Experimental Composite Nerve Guidance Conduits, Xiaofang Zhang
Theses
Many Nerve Guidance Conduits (NGCs) have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an alternative to nerve autografting for guiding peripheral nerve regeneration. However these materials offer little therapeutic potential for favourable axon growth environment, and difficulty in balancing the mechanical properties and the degradation rate of the implanted material is also a contemporary challenge. This project involved the design of experimental composite NGCs comprising glass particles and Pluronic FI27 in the copolymer (poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)) and examined the composition-structure-property relationships for such materials. Three glasses (0.5Si-(x) Na-0.2Ca-0.13Zn-(0.17-x) Ce) (0.0.04 > x > 0.14) were produced. Glasses were characterised using …
Engineered Basal Lamina Equivalent - Fabrication And Biomedical Applications,
2011
University of Texas at Arlington
Engineered Basal Lamina Equivalent - Fabrication And Biomedical Applications, Deepika Tamuly
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
A novel technique based on the principle of solvent casting is developed to create uniform, ultrathin and stackable films of Collagen I/IV and ECMgel for use as Engineered Basal Lamina Equivalent. The mixture of these two proteins provides key molecular elements (laminin, collagen type IV, entactin and perlecan) in a basal lamina with strong mechanical properties (collagen type I). Rat tail derived collagen solution is mixed with ECMgel, and the solution is cast onto PDMS molds and air dried in a custom built air tunnel. The dried membranes are briefly UV cross-linked, peeled off from the PDMS mold to be …
Implementation Of A Pain Generator Controlled By Pressure And Feasability In Its Applications For Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy,
2011
University of Texas at Arlington
Implementation Of A Pain Generator Controlled By Pressure And Feasability In Its Applications For Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, Pamela Agwa Tebebi
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
Pain is a sensory and emotional experience as a result of possible or definite tissue damage. The level of pain is subjective to the individual's consciousness of sensory stimuli. Pain stimuli can be noxious (i.e., potentially damaging) or innocuous (i.e., normally not painful). Therefore, pain perception can be based on the degree of the stimuli. Studies have been done using brain imaging modalities to assess pain. Functional Near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a noninvasive imaging tool and has been used to study the hemodynamic variations in the brain induced by a variety of activations. This research was a feasibility study to …
Investigation Of Brain Activity In Prefrontal Cortex Under Noxious Pain Stimuli And During Psychological Test Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy,
2011
University of Texas at Arlington
Investigation Of Brain Activity In Prefrontal Cortex Under Noxious Pain Stimuli And During Psychological Test Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy, Sabin Khadka
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive functional neuroimaging technique, which measures changes in oxy-hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxy-hemoglobin (HbR) concentrations based on the principle of near infrared spectroscopy. For my thesis, I have utilized fNIRS in the prefrontal regions to study cognitive functions under noxious pain and during a psychological test. The fNIRS signals were acquired from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in order to investigate the hemodynamic response under noxious pain stimuli. The measurement consisted of two different visits separated by seven to ten days with two different levels of pain intensity. From the observations, PFC shows significant deactivation …
Evaluation Of Spatial Resolution And Localization Accuracy Of Absorbing Heterogenity Embedded In Homogenous And Layered Turbid Media Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy,
2011
University of Texas at Arlington
Evaluation Of Spatial Resolution And Localization Accuracy Of Absorbing Heterogenity Embedded In Homogenous And Layered Turbid Media Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy, Niranjana Nandakumar
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive widely used technique for imaging the brain activation patterns in the cerebral cortex of neonates and adults. For the fNIRS imaging of these brain activation patterns, it is common to assume the head geometry as a homogenous medium due to the resulting computational simplicity of the image reconstruction problem. In reality the head is not a simple homogenous medium and prior research has been conducted to show that light propagates differently in a spatially heterogeneous model of the head compared to a homogenous one, which alters the sensitivity of NIR light detection on …
A Multimodality Dlp® Imaging System For Clinical Surgery,
2011
University of Texas at Arlington
A Multimodality Dlp® Imaging System For Clinical Surgery, Michael Lee Mangum
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
With 1.38 million new cases and 450,000 deaths worldwide due to breast cancer, there is a clear need for safe and complete surgical intervention for the treatment of breast cancer. Imaging solutions have been created and developed to help plastic surgeons during breast reconstructive surgery. However, these solutions were implemented separately depending on their particular modality, which can result in higher costs for hospital and patient use. The digital micromirror device (DMD) developed by Texas Instruments has been shown to exhibit spectral control of light at a digital level, and could theoretically allow for the incorporation of multiple imaging modalities …
Three-Dimensional Multimedium Computational Model For Drug Delivery Using Finite Element Analysis,
2011
University of Texas at Arlington
Three-Dimensional Multimedium Computational Model For Drug Delivery Using Finite Element Analysis, Eduardo Martinez
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
Approximately 2.8% of trauma patients present peripheral nerve injury, which can result in loss of motor function. Current strategies for peripheral nerve repair had focused on the development of synthetic nerve conduits that provide physical guidance. One advantage of the synthetic nerve conduits is that the conduit can be utilize as a delivery system and gain the ability to deliver neurotrophic factors, which have an effect on controlling the survival, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of different neural cell types. Currently there is no method to quantify the concentration of growth factors in the nerve conduit during the implantation time. In …
Proteomic Analysis Of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aging During Serial Sub-Culture,
2011
CUNY City College
Proteomic Analysis Of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aging During Serial Sub-Culture, Pawan Kc
Dissertations and Theses
"Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) hold great potential for clinical applications in regenerative medicine. However, hMSCs occur at a very low frequency in bone marrow so the clinical use as cellular therapeutics requires suitable techniques for isolation and expansion. Furthermore, these cells can be expanded in vitro for only limited passage numbers before they reach a senescent state. Previous studies have shown that long term culture of hMSCs results in the decrease in proliferation rates, changes in genomic expressions, increase in cell sizes, and other morphological changes. Currently the mechanisms of hMSC aging and biomarkers associated with it have not …
The Feasibility Of Using Bifidobacteria Bifidum (Atcc 700541) For The Production Of Prebiotic Oligosaccharides,
2011
Missouri University of Science and Technology
The Feasibility Of Using Bifidobacteria Bifidum (Atcc 700541) For The Production Of Prebiotic Oligosaccharides, Candice Marie Luehrs
Masters Theses
"Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) are prebiotics that are being used to influence intestinal microbiota towards health promoting, beneficial bacteria like bifidobacteria. Natural sources of GOS are not found in suitable levels to achieve the desired health effects so economically viable commercial production methods are important. Enzymatic conversion of lactose to GOS through transgalactosylation is a preferred method since the starting material is inexpensive and readily available. Enzymes used in batch production are purified from fungal or bacterial sources or remain in whole cells cultured for GOS production. Purified or unbound enzymes are single use whereas enzymes retained within whole cells can potentially …
Arteriogenesis And Ischemia Impair Functional Vasodilation In Resistance Arteries,
2011
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
Arteriogenesis And Ischemia Impair Functional Vasodilation In Resistance Arteries, Trevor Cardinal, Joseph S. Zhu, Kyle R. Struthers, Thomas J. Kesler, Matthew D. Yocum
Biomedical Engineering
No abstract provided.
Estimation Of The Centre Of Mass From Motion Capture And Force Plate Recordings: A Study On The Elderly,
2011
Universite de Montpellier II
Estimation Of The Centre Of Mass From Motion Capture And Force Plate Recordings: A Study On The Elderly, Sebastien Cotton, Michele Vanoncini, Philippe Fraisse, Nacim Ramdani, Emel Demircan, Andrew P. Murray, Thierry Keller
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications
The estimation of the centre of mass position in humans is usually based on biomechanical models developed from anthropometric tables. This method can potentially introduce errors in studies involving elderly people, since the ageing process is typically associated with a modification of the distribution of the body mass. In this paper, an alternative technique is proposed, and evaluated with an experimental study on 9 elderly volunteers. The technique is based on a virtual chain, identified from experimental data and locating the subject's centre of mass. Its configuration defines the location of the centre of mass, and is a function of …
Completely Biodegradable Soyprotein–Jute Biocomposites Developed Using Water Without Any Chemicals As Plasticizer,
2011
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Completely Biodegradable Soyprotein–Jute Biocomposites Developed Using Water Without Any Chemicals As Plasticizer, Narendra Reddy, Yiqi Yang
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Soyprotein–jute fiber composites developed using water without any chemicals as the plasticizer show much better flexural and tensile properties than polypropylene–jute composites. Co-products of soybean processing such as soy oil, soyprotein concentrate and soy protein isolates are inexpensive, abundantly available and are renewable resources that have been extensively studied as potential matrix materials to develop biodegradable composites. However, previous attempts on developing soy-based composites have either chemically modified the co-products or used plasticizers such as glycerol. Chemical modifications make the composites expensive and less environmentally friendly and plasticizers decrease the properties of the composites. In this research, soyprotein composites reinforced …
Characterization Of Bioreactor System For Tissue Engineered Blood Vessels,
2011
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Characterization Of Bioreactor System For Tissue Engineered Blood Vessels, Kasim Shah
Biomedical Engineering
No abstract provided.
