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Dynamic Behavior And Interactions Of Ferrofluid Droplets Under Magnetic Fields In Low Reynolds Number Flows, Md Rifat Hassan 2021 Missouri University of Science and Technology

Dynamic Behavior And Interactions Of Ferrofluid Droplets Under Magnetic Fields In Low Reynolds Number Flows, Md Rifat Hassan

Doctoral Dissertations

Digital microfluidics in combination with emulsion microfluidics are crucial building blocks of droplet-based microfluidics, which are prevalent in a wide variety of industrial and biomedical applications, including polymer processing, food production, drug delivery, inkjet printing, and cell-based assays. Therefore, understanding the dynamics and interactions of droplets as well as the interactions between the droplets and solid surfaces are of great importance in order to improve the performance or product in these applications.

Recently, several studies in the literature have demonstrated the potential of magnetic fields in controlling the behavior of droplets in microscale; however, the fundamental mechanism behind the interesting …


Safety Analysis Of Battery-Powered Adaptive Ride-On Toys For Children With Disabilities, Abbey Fraser 2021 University of North Florida

Safety Analysis Of Battery-Powered Adaptive Ride-On Toys For Children With Disabilities, Abbey Fraser

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Modified battery-powered ride-on toy cars, or adaptive ride-on toys, represent novel rehabilitation tools and developmental aids for children with disabilities. Studies have shown that children are benefiting socially and developmentally from their use. However, the use of these toys by children with disabilities potentially poses a risk of injury and it is vitally important to ensure the safe use of these toys, particularly for the benefit of those with developmental challenges.

Within this context, the purpose of the first study was to determine whether modifications to ride-on toys are sufficient to prevent common modes of injury such as falls, passenger …


An Accuracy And Precision Analysis Of The Velys™ Robotic Assisted Solution For Total Knee Arthroplasty, Gary Doan 2021 University of Denver

An Accuracy And Precision Analysis Of The Velys™ Robotic Assisted Solution For Total Knee Arthroplasty, Gary Doan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a procedure where the arthritic surfaces of the knee is removed and replaced with a combination of metal and polymer implants that recreates the joint line to restore function and quality of life. Implant alignment is important in the success of a TKA. Modern day conventional instrumentation can be cumbersome in the operating room and can be inaccurate when resecting bone and aligning implants. Patients with large errors in resections and implant orientation are more prone to experience mechanical failures with their TKA. Mechanical failures in primary TKA require revision surgeries which can lead to …


การเปรียบเทียบวิธีประเมินการจำแนกเสียงพูดโดยใช้ศักย์ไฟฟ้าสมองสัมพันธ์กับเหตุการณ์, พิมพ์วิภา จารุธำรง 2021 คณะวิศวกรรมศาสตร์

การเปรียบเทียบวิธีประเมินการจำแนกเสียงพูดโดยใช้ศักย์ไฟฟ้าสมองสัมพันธ์กับเหตุการณ์, พิมพ์วิภา จารุธำรง

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การจำแนกเสียงพูดคือความสามารถในการจำแนกระหว่างเสียงพยางค์หรือคำ คนที่มีความสามารถในการจำแนกเสียงพูดต่ำมักจะมีปัญหาในการแยกระหว่างคำที่มีเสียงคล้ายกัน โดยปกติการจำแนกเสียงพูดถูกประเมินโดยนักโสตสัมผัสวิทยาทำให้เข้าถึงการประเมินได้ยากเนื่องจากมีนักโสตสัมผัสวิทยาจำนวนไม่มาก นอกจากนี้การประเมินอาจใช้เวลานานหรือไม่สะดวกสำหรับผู้ป่วยบางกลุ่ม เพื่อลดปัญหาเหล่านี้จึงมีการพัฒนาวิธีประเมินการจำแนกเสียงพูดโดยใช้ศักย์ไฟฟ้าสมองสัมพันธ์กับเหตุการณ์ (Event-Related Potentials) วิธีหนึ่งที่มีการใช้คือการสังเกตองค์ประกอบ Mismatch Negativity (MMN) ระหว่างทำการทดลองการฟังแบบ Oddball ต่อมามีการเสนอวิธีใหม่โดยนำสิ่งกระตุ้นทางสายตาที่เป็นตัวอักษรมาใช้ร่วมกับสิ่งกระตุ้นทางเสียง งานวิจัยนี้เสนอวิธีการประเมินโดยใช้ภาพที่แสดงถึงความหมายของคำโดยแบ่งออกเป็นสามแบบที่มีจำนวนภาพและลำดับในการทดลองแตกต่างกัน วิธีใช้ภาพความหมายของคำแต่ละแบบรวมทั้งวิธีที่ใช้การฟังแบบ Oddball และวิธีที่ใช้ตัวอักษรถูกนำมาทดสอบโดยใช้คำสองคำที่มีเสียงพยัญชนะต่างกันแต่มีเสียงสระและเสียงวรรณยุกต์เหมือนกันเพื่อเปรียบเทียบระหว่างแต่ละวิธีโดยนำรูปคลื่นที่ได้มาสร้างเป็นชุดคุณลักษณะแล้วใช้เทคนิคการเรียนรู้ของเครื่อง (Machine Learning) เพื่อจำแนกระหว่างแต่ละเงื่อนไขในการทดลองซึ่งตัวจำแนกที่ใช้ได้แก่ Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) และ Support Vector Machine (SVM) จากการเปรียบเทียบพบว่ามีวิธีที่สามารถนำมาใช้สองวิธี ได้แก่วิธีใช้ภาพความหมายของคำแบบภาพเดียวและวิธีไม่ใช้ภาพ ทั้งสองวิธีนี้ให้ความแม่นยำในการจำแนกสูงกว่า 80% และใช้เวลาหรือสมาธิในการทดลองน้อยกว่าวิธีอื่น การประเมินการจำแนกเสียงพูดโดยใช้วิธีเหล่านี้สามารถนำไปใช้เป็นเครื่องมือคัดกรองอัตโนมัติที่ช่วยประเมินและแนะนำว่าผู้ป่วยควรจะถูกส่งต่อเพื่อตรวจยืนยันกับนักโสตสัมผัสวิทยาหรือไม่ซึ่งสามารถช่วยลดภาระงานของนักโสตสัมผัสวิทยาและทำให้การประเมินเข้าถึงได้ง่ายขึ้น


การพัฒนาเพื่อเพิ่มสมรรถนะของอุปกรณ์ทดสอบภูมิแพ้ทางผิวหนังประเภทพลาสติก, มุธิตา เจียระไนรุ่งโรจน์ 2021 คณะวิศวกรรมศาสตร์

การพัฒนาเพื่อเพิ่มสมรรถนะของอุปกรณ์ทดสอบภูมิแพ้ทางผิวหนังประเภทพลาสติก, มุธิตา เจียระไนรุ่งโรจน์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

โรคภูมิแพ้ (Allergy) เป็นโรคที่พบได้บ่อยและมีผลกระทบสูงทั้งทางเศรษฐกิจและสังคม กระบวนการวินิจฉัยโรคภูมิแพ้ที่เป็นที่นิยมที่สุดในปัจจุบันคือการทดสอบที่ผิวหนังด้วยวิธี Skin prick test (SPT) อย่างไรก็ดีประสิทธิภาพของการทดสอบ SPT ขึ้นอยู่กับความเชี่ยวชาญ และ ประสบการณ์ของแพทย์ผู้ทำการทดสอบ ซึ่งพบว่ามีปัจจัยหลายประการที่ส่งผลต่อประสิทธิภาพในการทดสอบ เช่น ประเภทของอุปกรณ์ ประเภทของวัสดุ และแรงกด เป็นต้น ดังนั้นงานวิจัยจึงมีวัตถุประสงค์ในการศึกษาถึงผลกระทบของปัจจัยต่างๆ ที่ส่งผลต่อประสิทธิภาพในการทดสอบ SPT เพื่อการพัฒนาต่อยอดอุปกรณ์ทดสอบภูมิแพ้ที่มีประสิทธิภาพสูงโดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งที่สร้างจากพลาสติก โดยผู้วิจัยได้ทำการศึกษาเปรียบเทียบประสิทธิภาพของอุปกรณ์ทดสอบภูมิแพ้ทางผิวหนังที่มีจำหน่ายในท้องตลาดจำนวน 2 ชนิด คือ ALK lancet และ Feather Lancet และ อุปกรณ์ที่สร้างขึ้นจากการฉีดพลาสติกจำนวน 2 ชนิด (Prototype) ด้วยแรงกด 3 แรง คือ 30, 45 และ 60 กรัม กับอาสาสมัครจำนวน 12 คนโดยผู้ทดสอบเพียงคนเดียวในลักษณะสุ่มจุดเจาะ และเปรียบเทียบกับวิธีการมาตรฐานที่ใช้ ALK และ Needle ในการสะกิดโดยแพทย์ผู้เชี่ยวชาญ โดยใช้สารควบคุมบวก Histamine ความเข้มข้น 10 มก./มล และสารควบคุมลบคือ Normal Saline จากการทดลองกับผู้เข้ารับการทดสอบทั้งสิ้น 12 คน พบว่า ขนาดเฉลี่ยของตุ่มบวมโดยใช้อุปกรณ์ทั้ง 4 ประเภทมีขนาดที่เพิ่มขึ้นตามแรงกด โดยที่แรง 30, 45 และ 60 กรัม ตุ่มบวมมีขนาด 2.70 - 4.31 มม., 3.81 - 4.80 มม. และ 4.30 - 5.28 มม. ตามลำดับ และขนาดของตุ่มบวมของมีความแปรปรวนต่ำ ในขณะที่ขนาดเฉลี่ยของตุ่มบวมโดยวิธีการมาตรฐานทั้ง 2 วิธี คือ ALK และ Needle มีขนาดที่ใหญ่กว่าที่ 5.49 …


Improving Patient-Specific Assessments Of Regional Aortic Mechanics Via Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging With Early Applications In Patients At Elevated Risk For Thoracic Aortopathy, Patrick A. Jones 2021 Virginia Commonwealth University

Improving Patient-Specific Assessments Of Regional Aortic Mechanics Via Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging With Early Applications In Patients At Elevated Risk For Thoracic Aortopathy, Patrick A. Jones

Theses and Dissertations

Unstable aortic aneurysms and dissections are serious cardiovascular conditions associated with high mortality. The current gold standards for assessment of stability, however, rely on simple geometric measurements, like cross-sectional area or increased diameter between follow-up scans, and fail to incorporate information about underlying aortic mechanics. Displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used previously to determine heterogeneous circumferential strain patterns in the aortas of healthy volunteers. Here, I introduce technical improvements to DENSE aortic analysis and early pilot application in patients at higher risk for the development of aortopathies. Modifications to the DENSE aortic postprocessing …


Rheological Analysis Of The Mechanical Properties Of Murine Lungs Over The Lifespan, Olajumoke Olufunke Harrison 2021 Virginia Commonwealth University

Rheological Analysis Of The Mechanical Properties Of Murine Lungs Over The Lifespan, Olajumoke Olufunke Harrison

Theses and Dissertations

To study the effects of aging in murine lungs, we characterized C57Bl6j mice from neonatal to 24-month-old mice. Samples were divided into two groups: Young Mice (YM) and Middle Age/Old Age Mice (MOM). The YM group included the neonatal and 6-10week. The MOM group included 7- and 22–24-month-old mice. Rheological testing was performed using a TA Instruments DHR-2 Rheometer to collect the mechanics of each mice sample. Utilizing a 20-mm parallel plate fixture, a gap of 0.8-1.0-mm, and a temperature setting of 25C, we conducted a frequency sweep. Samples were the decellularized over a four-day process then lyophilized for mass …


Therapeutic Modalities For Preventing Osteoarthritis Following Trauma To The Knee, Kayla M. Scott 2021 Virginia Commonwealth University

Therapeutic Modalities For Preventing Osteoarthritis Following Trauma To The Knee, Kayla M. Scott

Theses and Dissertations

Over 32.5 million adults in the United States and 300 million worldwide have osteoarthritis (OA). To date, there are no disease-modifying therapeutics, only strategies to slow OA progression through pain management, regenerative medicine approaches, and ultimately joint replacement.

On a microscale, a phenotypic shift of the normally quiescent articular chondrocytes leads to aberrant expression of pro-inflammatory and catabolic pathways, which are hypothesized to contribute to OA progression. Of note, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and WNT/β-catenin signaling are key players disrupting cartilage homeostasis and driving inflammatory pathway activation. These pathways become dysregulated and form a positive feedback loop, increasing …


Evaluating Neuromuscular Function Of The Biceps Brachii After Spinal Cord Injury: Assessment Of Voluntary Activation And Motor Evoked Potential Input-Output Curves Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Thibault Roumengous 2021 Virginia Commonwealth University

Evaluating Neuromuscular Function Of The Biceps Brachii After Spinal Cord Injury: Assessment Of Voluntary Activation And Motor Evoked Potential Input-Output Curves Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Thibault Roumengous

Theses and Dissertations

Activation of upper limb muscles is important for independent living after cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) that results in tetraplegia. An emerging, non-invasive approach to address post-SCI muscle weakness is modulation of the nervous system. A long-term goal is to develop neuromodulation techniques to reinnervate (i.e. resupply nerve to) muscle fiber and thereby increase muscle function in individuals with tetraplegia. Towards this goal, developing monitoring techniques to quantify neuromuscular function is needed to better direct neurorehabilitation. Assessment of voluntary activation (VA) is a promising approach because the location of the stimulus can be applied cortically using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) …


Nebulizer-Based Systems To Improve Pharmaceutical Aerosol Delivery To The Lungs, Benjamin M. Spence 2021 Virginia Commonwealth University

Nebulizer-Based Systems To Improve Pharmaceutical Aerosol Delivery To The Lungs, Benjamin M. Spence

Theses and Dissertations

Combining vibrating mesh nebulizers with additional new technologies leads to substantial improvements in pharmaceutical aerosol delivery to the lungs across therapeutic administration methods. In this dissertation, streamlined components, aerosol administration synchronization, and/or Excipient Enhanced Growth (EEG) technologies were utilized to develop and test several novel devices and aerosol delivery systems. The first focus of this work was to improve the poor delivery efficiency, e.g., 3.6% of nominal dose (Dugernier et al. 2017), of aerosolized medication administration to adult human subjects concurrent with high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy, a form of continuous-flow non-invasive ventilation (NIV). The developed Low-Volume Mixer-Heater (LVMH) …


Fmri Feature Extraction Model For Adhd Classification Using Convolutional Neural Network, Senuri De Silva, Sanuwani Udara Dayarathna, Gangani Ariyarathne, Dulani Meedeniya, Sampath Jayarathna 2021 Old Dominion University

Fmri Feature Extraction Model For Adhd Classification Using Convolutional Neural Network, Senuri De Silva, Sanuwani Udara Dayarathna, Gangani Ariyarathne, Dulani Meedeniya, Sampath Jayarathna

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Biomedical intelligence provides a predictive mechanism for the automatic diagnosis of diseases and disorders. With the advancements of computational biology, neuroimaging techniques have been used extensively in clinical data analysis. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric disorder, with the symptomology of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, in which early diagnosis is crucial to prevent unwelcome outcomes. This study addresses ADHD identification using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data for the resting state brain by evaluating multiple feature extraction methods. The features of seed-based correlation (SBC), fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF), and regional homogeneity (ReHo) are comparatively applied to …


Combining Cryo-Em Density Map And Residue Contact For Protein Secondary Structure Topologies, Maytha Alshammari, Jing He 2021 Old Dominion University

Combining Cryo-Em Density Map And Residue Contact For Protein Secondary Structure Topologies, Maytha Alshammari, Jing He

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Although atomic structures have been determined directly from cryo-EM density maps with high resolutions, current structure determination methods for medium resolution (5 to 10 Å) cryo-EM maps are limited by the availability of structure templates. Secondary structure traces are lines detected from a cryo-EM density map for α-helices and β-strands of a protein. A topology of secondary structures defines the mapping between a set of sequence segments and a set of traces of secondary structures in three-dimensional space. In order to enhance accuracy in ranking secondary structure topologies, we explored a method that combines three sources of information: a set …


Activity Recognition Based On Thermopile Imaging Array Sensors, Qingshan Liang 2021 University of Northern Iowa

Activity Recognition Based On Thermopile Imaging Array Sensors, Qingshan Liang

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

With aging population, the importance of caring for elderly people is getting more and more attention. In this paper, a low resolution thermopile array sensor is used to develop an activity recognition system for elderly people. The sensor is composed of a 32x32 thermopile array with the corresponding 33° × 33° field of view. The outputs of the sensor are sequential images in which each pixel contains a temperature value. According to the thermopile images, the activity recognition system first determines whether the target is within the tracking area; if the target is within the tracking area, the location of …


A Deep Learning Approach To Lncrna Subcellular Localization Using Inexact Q-Mer, Weijun Yi 2021 West Virginia University

A Deep Learning Approach To Lncrna Subcellular Localization Using Inexact Q-Mer, Weijun Yi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Long non coding Ribonucleic Acids (lncRNAs) can be localized to different cellular components, such as the nucleus, exosome, cytoplasm, ribosome, etc. Their biological functions can be influenced by the region of the cell they are located. Many of these lncRNAs are associated with different challenging diseases. Thus, it is crucial to study their subcellular localization. However, compared to the vast number of lncRNAs, only relatively few have annotations in terms of their subcellular localization. Conventional computational methods use q-mer profiles from lncRNA sequences and then train machine learning models, such as support vector machines and logistic regression with the profiles. …


Spectroscopic Investigation Of Radiation-Induced Reoxygenation In Radiation-Resistant Tumors, Sina Dadgar, Joel Rodriguez Troncoso, Eric R. Siegel, Natalie Curry, Robert J. Griffin, Ruud P.M. Dings, Narasimhan Rajaram 2021 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Spectroscopic Investigation Of Radiation-Induced Reoxygenation In Radiation-Resistant Tumors, Sina Dadgar, Joel Rodriguez Troncoso, Eric R. Siegel, Natalie Curry, Robert J. Griffin, Ruud P.M. Dings, Narasimhan Rajaram

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Fractionated radiation therapy is believed to reoxygenate and subsequently radiosensitize surviving hypoxic cancer cells. Measuring tumor reoxygenation between radiation fractions could conceivably provide an early biomarker of treatment response. However, the relationship between tumor reoxygenation and local control is not well understood. We used noninvasive optical fiber-based diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to monitor radiation-induced changes in hemoglobin oxygen saturation (sO2) in tumor xenografts grown from two head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines - UM-SCC-22B and UM-SCC-47. Tumors were treated with 4 doses of 2 Gy over 2 consecutive weeks and diffuse reflectance spectra were acquired every day …


Impact Of Hemodynamic Vortex Spatial And Temporal Characteristics On Analysis Of Intracranial Aneurysms, Kevin W. Sunderland 2021 Michigan Technological University

Impact Of Hemodynamic Vortex Spatial And Temporal Characteristics On Analysis Of Intracranial Aneurysms, Kevin W. Sunderland

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a potentially devastating pathological condition in which bleeding occurs into the space surrounding the brain. One of the prominent sources of subarachnoid hemorrhage are intracranial aneurysms (IA): degenerative, irregular expansions of area(s) of the cerebral vasculature. In the event of IA rupture, the resultant subarachnoid hemorrhage ends in patient mortality occurring in ~50% of cases, with survivors enduring significant neurological damage with physical or cognitive impairment. The seriousness of IA rupture drives a degree of clinical interest in understanding these conditions that promote both the development and possible rupture of the vascular malformations. Current metrics for the …


Sensing Methods For Two-Target And Four-Target Detection In Time-Constrained Vector Poisson And Gaussian Channels, Muhammad Fahad 2021 Michigan Technological University

Sensing Methods For Two-Target And Four-Target Detection In Time-Constrained Vector Poisson And Gaussian Channels, Muhammad Fahad

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

In this dissertation we consider a sensor scheduling or resource management problem for a vector Poisson and Gaussian channels. The input is a binary random vector and the output is a set of conditionally independent Poisson or Gaussian random variables. The objective is to design a scaling matrix, which is a linear transformation whose purpose is to entangle the different inputs, under a total given energy/time constraint. The two metrics are adopted to quantify the performance of the designed scaling matrix: mutual information and Bayesian inference. In other words, it is an experimental design problem where the objective is to …


Bibliometric Review On Applications Of Disease Detection Using Digital Image Processing Techniques, Jayant Jagtap, Rahil Sharma, Aryan Sinha, Nikhil Panda, Amulya Reddy 2021 San Jose State University

Bibliometric Review On Applications Of Disease Detection Using Digital Image Processing Techniques, Jayant Jagtap, Rahil Sharma, Aryan Sinha, Nikhil Panda, Amulya Reddy

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Advances around the field of deep learning and cognitive computing have allowed mankind to look and solve the problems of the world in a completely new way. Deep learning has been making huge advancements in the field of healthcare, which most importantly focuses upon disease detection and disease prediction. Techniques such as these have been conceptualized the idea of early detection and economical ways of treating the predicted disease in particular. Still, it has been observed that there seems to be no change in the way diagnosis of a particular disease takes place even in the 21st generation of …


Bibliometric Review On Liver And Tumour Segmentation Using Deep Learning, Jayant Jagtap, Aamir Habeeb, Avinash Jha, Shrey Aggarwal, Khushi Gupta 2021 San Jose State University

Bibliometric Review On Liver And Tumour Segmentation Using Deep Learning, Jayant Jagtap, Aamir Habeeb, Avinash Jha, Shrey Aggarwal, Khushi Gupta

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

One of the major organs in the body is liver where tumors occur often. Malignant liver tumors pose a serious hazard to human life and health. Manual segmentation of the liver organ and tumor from computed tomography (CT) scans is difficult, time-consuming, and skewed to the clinician's experience, yet it is essential for hepatic surgical planning. However, due to the following considerations, segmenting liver tumors from computed tomography (CT) images is difficult: In CT pictures, the contrast between the liver tumor and healthy tissues is low, and the boundary is indistinct; the picture of the liver tumor is confusing, with …


Development Of Novel Inks And Approaches For Printing Tissues And Organs, Shen Ji 2020 New Jersey Institute of Technology

Development Of Novel Inks And Approaches For Printing Tissues And Organs, Shen Ji

Dissertations

Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary field that investigates and develops new methods to repair, regenerate and replace damaged tissues and organs, or to develop biomaterial platforms as in vitro models. Tissue engineering approaches require the fabrication of scaffolds using biomaterials or fabrication of living tissues using cells. As the demands of customized, implantable tissue/organs are increasing and becoming more urgent, conventional scaffold fabrication approaches are difficult to meet the requirements, especially for complex large-scale tissue fabrication. In this regard, three-dimensional (3D) printing attracted more interest over the past decades due to its unrivaled ability to fabricate highly customized tissues or …


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