A Microfluidic Assay For Single Cell Bacterial Adhesion Studies Under Shear Stress,
2022
Duquesne University
A Microfluidic Assay For Single Cell Bacterial Adhesion Studies Under Shear Stress, Amanda Trusiak
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The study of bacterial adhesion to host cells is important in understanding bacterial pathogenesis and developing new therapeutic approaches. Here, we studied bacterial adhesion under shear stress using a novel microfluidic method. Specifically, the adhesion of a uropathogenic E. coli strain (FimHOn, ATCC 700928/CFT073) to mannose-modified substrates was studied under flow conditions. The FimHOn E. coli strain expresses FimH which is a mannose-specific adhesin found on the fimbriae that binds to glycoproteins on the epithelium. We developed a microfluidic method that mimics bacterial adhesion to urothelial cells. First, the microfluidic channels were modified by sequentially adsorbing BSA-mannose and BSA onto …
Investigating The Effect Of Dissolved Oxygen-Assisted Corneal Cross-Linking (Cxl) On Porcine Corneas,
2022
Duquesne University
Investigating The Effect Of Dissolved Oxygen-Assisted Corneal Cross-Linking (Cxl) On Porcine Corneas, Julianni Dar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Corneal cross-linking is a clinical procedure that is known to stop the progression of keratoconus, an eye disease that affects the cornea’s structure, ultimately leading to vision loss in its advanced stages. The typical treatment plan includes riboflavin and UV-A exposure in the hope to increase the mechanical properties of the cornea. There are two types of CXL pathways, with Type-II CXL requiring oxygen. Naturally, the dissolved oxygen is limited in the cornea; therefore, limiting the effect of Type-II CXL. This study proposes to improve the Type-II CXL contribution by integrating dissolved oxygen during the standard CXL treatment used in …
A Comparative Study On The Functionality Of Porcine Dura As A Tissue-Engineered Dura Mater Graft For Clinical Applications,
2022
Mississippi State University
A Comparative Study On The Functionality Of Porcine Dura As A Tissue-Engineered Dura Mater Graft For Clinical Applications, Ashma Sharma
Theses and Dissertations
Damage to dura mater may occur during intracranial or spinal surgeries, which can result in cerebrospinal fluid leakage as well as other potentially fatal physiological changes. As a result, biological scaffolds derived from xenogeneic materials are typically used to repair and regenerate dura mater post intracranial or spinal surgeries. In this study we explore the mechanics, structure, and immunological capacity of xenogeneic dura mater to be considered as a replacement for human dura. A comparative analysis is done between native porcine dura and a commercially available bovine collagen-based dura graft. Native porcine dura mater was decellularized and subjected to mechanical …
Scandy: Simulating Realistic Human Scanpaths In Dynamic Real-World Scenes,
2022
Technische Universität Berlin
Scandy: Simulating Realistic Human Scanpaths In Dynamic Real-World Scenes, Nicolas Roth, Martin Rolfs, Klaus Obermayer
MODVIS Workshop
No abstract provided.
Molecular-Level Control Over Ionic Conduction And Ionic Current Direction By Designing Macrocycle-Based Ionomers,
2022
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Molecular-Level Control Over Ionic Conduction And Ionic Current Direction By Designing Macrocycle-Based Ionomers, Shyambo Chatterjee, Ehsan Zamani, Seefat Farzin, Iman Evazzade, Oghenetega Allen Obewhere, Tyler James Johnson, Vitaly Alexandrov, Shudipto Konika Dishari
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications
Poor ionic conductivity of the catalyst-binding, submicrometer- thick ionomer layers in energy conversion and storage devices is a huge challenge. However, ionomers are rarely designed keeping in mind the specific issues associated with nanoconfinement. Here, we designed nature-inspired ionomers (calix-2) having hollow, macrocyclic, calix[4]arene-based repeat units with precise, sub-nanometer diameter. In ≤100 nm-thick films, the in-plane proton conductivity of calix-2 was up to 8 times higher than the current benchmark ionomer Nafion at 85% relative humidity (RH), while it was 1−2 orders of magnitude higher than Nafion at 20−25% RH. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and other synthetic techniques allowed us …
Manual Material Handling Lift-Assist System For Occupational Exoskeleton,
2022
Northern Illinois University
Manual Material Handling Lift-Assist System For Occupational Exoskeleton, Erik Goes, Daniel Guthrie, Trevor Ward
Honors Capstones
It is no secret that lifting heavy objects is one of the premier causes of workplace injury, and the modern worker needs help to remain healthy. Workers need something they always have with them that makes their work safer as well as easier; our solution is an active lift-assist exoskeleton. The proposed exoskeleton design includes a military backpack exoskeleton frame, on which two actuators pull cables attached to end effectors that the operator will be holding. This system can adjust to conform to a wide variety of operator sizes, without restricting any of their range of motion. This leads to …
The Synthesis And Characterization Of Ionic Liquids Using Nitrogen-Based Cations For Transdermal Delivery,
2022
University of Mississippi
The Synthesis And Characterization Of Ionic Liquids Using Nitrogen-Based Cations For Transdermal Delivery, Jo Galloway
Honors Theses
The purpose of this research was to explore the synthesis mechanisms of water-soluble ionic liquids with nitrogen-containing cationic bases for future use in transdermal drug delivery and forensic science applications. Ionic liquids are salts with an organic cation and either an organic or inorganic anion. They have asymmetric structures, which means that the molecules don’t pack together as neatly as other salts do, therefore, they don’t crystallize as easily, and their melting points are lower. Ionic liquids have melting points below 100°C, and many are liquid at room temperature. Mechanistic studies reveal that the potency of ILs in enhancing transdermal …
Novel Mobility Device For Conjoined Twins,
2022
Northern Illinois University
Novel Mobility Device For Conjoined Twins, Allyson Bowgren
Honors Capstones
This project provides a solution to a problem proposed by a pair of conjoined clients. With their desire to become fully independent, the clients need an improved mobility device. Being joined at the head, moving around was always difficult for them and their situation did not get any better after an accident left one of them immobile. Their current device was a decent and quick solution at the time it was first needed. However, since its conception the device quickly became obsolete, and they are now in need of a more effective device that allows them to travel easier. This …
Mobile, Biosensor Technology For Measuring Joint-Level Human Motion,
2022
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Mobile, Biosensor Technology For Measuring Joint-Level Human Motion, Matthew Mcmanigal
Theses & Dissertations
The measurement of three-dimensional knee joint angles can predict both anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and the risk of developing early knee osteoarthritis. However, knee joint angle assessment is currently limited, due to the lack of validated wearable and untethered technologies that can be deployed in natural environments and rural or community settings. To address this challenge, this thesis project aimed to 1) develop a fully untethered, wearable electronic device to measure knee joint angles during natural human movement and 2) test the accuracy of the device to collect sagittal knee joint angles during dynamic activities of human movement. For …
Novel Keyed Fusion Method To Improve Plate Alignment In Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion Procedures,
2022
University of Mississippi
Novel Keyed Fusion Method To Improve Plate Alignment In Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion Procedures, Henry Seiler
Honors Theses
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a form of neck surgery that is performed to remove a damaged disc in the spine. Without intervention damaged discs in the spine cause a buildup of spinal cord or nerve root pressure which can lead to several unpleasant side effects. The current methods and devices through which this surgery is carried out can be potentially problematic for both the surgeon and the patient. Oftentimes surgeons have difficulty aligning the cervical plate typically used in ACDF surgeries. In many cases, these problems are unavoidable. It is for this reason that a group of …
Th1, Th2, And Th17 Inflammatory Pathways Predict Cardiometabolic Protein Expression In Serum Of Covid-19 Patients,
2022
University of Mississippi
Th1, Th2, And Th17 Inflammatory Pathways Predict Cardiometabolic Protein Expression In Serum Of Covid-19 Patients, James Richard Michels
Honors Theses
A predominant source of complications in SARS-CoV-2 patients arises from severe systemic inflammation contributed to by Helper T-cell associated cytokines, potentially leading to tissue damage and organ failure. The high inflammatory burden of this viral infection often results in cardiovascular comorbidities. A better understanding of the interaction between the cytokine storm and cardiovascular proteins might inform medical decisions and therapeutic approaches. We hypothesized that all major helper T-cell inflammatory pathways (Helper T 1, Helper T 2 and Helper T 17) synergistically contribute to cardiometabolic pathways in serum of COVID-19 patients, and that both of these factors correlate to COVID-19 severity. …
Increasing Accessibility To Monitoring Ammonia Levels In The Body Through Development Of A Novel Point-Of-Care Breath Ammonia Diagnostic Device,
2022
University of Mississippi
Increasing Accessibility To Monitoring Ammonia Levels In The Body Through Development Of A Novel Point-Of-Care Breath Ammonia Diagnostic Device, Emily C. Wright, Ashwin M. Sivalingam
Honors Theses
Hyperammonemia is a life-threatening metabolic condition that is characterized by elevated levels of ammonia concentrations in the blood. Resulting from serious conditions such as chronic kidney disease or liver failure, the limited functions of the liver and kidney lead to an increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) within the body. Currently, there are a wide variety of treatments for this condition, ranging from various medications to surgical procedures such as liver transplants. However, there is a lack of variety in diagnostic testing methods to determine a patient’s ammonia levels. In most cases, patients will need to schedule a doctor’s appointment …
Developing New Crutch Tip Design For Overall Increased Stability And Improved Movement On Different Terrains,
2022
University of Mississippi
Developing New Crutch Tip Design For Overall Increased Stability And Improved Movement On Different Terrains, Lauren Skinner
Honors Theses
Crutches are a mobility assistive device that are often used in various situations, such as post- surgical rehabilitation and recovery after injury. The current crutch tip design that is used on today’s crutches are often unstable and do not provide quality movement on different terrains, such as snow, ice, mud, and wet surfaces. These problems would be solved with a new tip design that could be attached to existing crutches or manufactured with the crutch itself. The team’s solution to this problem is a crutch tip with modular parts. The tip would attach to the shaft of the crutch like …
In-Vivo Damage Development In Vena Cava Filter: Study Of A Retrieved Device,
2022
Wright State University - Main Campus
In-Vivo Damage Development In Vena Cava Filter: Study Of A Retrieved Device, Anne Marie Lutz, Tarun Goswami
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
This article was prepared from a project assigned in a graduate class, BME 7371, Failure Assessment of Medical Devices, taught at Wright State University by the senior author. The device was donated for the study which was successfully retrieved after 93 days in-vivo. Even-though the mechanical integrity of the device held in-tact, the microscopic observations revealed that the damage via corrosion and scratching took place on the surface of the device. The image reconstructed in 3D using image-J software to determine device roughness and depth-of-pits. Results presented in this paper show that damage starts developing in these devices after the …
Electromechanical Fatigue Properties Of Dielectric Elastomer Stretch Sensors Under Orthopaedic Loading Conditions,
2022
Mississippi State University
Electromechanical Fatigue Properties Of Dielectric Elastomer Stretch Sensors Under Orthopaedic Loading Conditions, Andrea Karen Persons
Theses and Dissertations
Fatigue testing of stretch sensors often focuses on high amplitude, low-cycle fatigue (LCF) behavior; however, when used for orthopaedic, athletic, or ergonomic assessments, stretch sensors are subjected to low amplitude, high-cycle fatigue (HCF) conditions. As an added layer of complexity, the fatigue testing of stretch sensors is not only focused on the life of the material comprising the sensor, but also on the reliability of the signal produced during the extension and relaxation of the sensor. Research into the development of a smart sock that can be used to measure the range of motion (ROM) of the ankle joint during …
Probing Myosin Ensemble Mechanics In Actin Filament Bundles Using Optical Tweezers,
2022
University of Mississippi
Probing Myosin Ensemble Mechanics In Actin Filament Bundles Using Optical Tweezers, Omayma Al Azzam, Janie C. Watts, Justin E. Reynolds, Juliana E. Davis, Dana N. Reinemann
Faculty and Student Publications
Myosins are motor proteins that hydrolyze ATP to step along actin filament (AF) tracks and are essential in cellular processes such as motility and muscle contraction. To understand their force-generating mechanisms, myosin II has been investigated both at the single-molecule (SM) level and as teams of motors in vitro using biophysical methods such as optical trapping. These studies showed that myosin force-generating behavior can differ greatly when moving from the single-molecule level in a three-bead arrangement to groups of motors working together on a rigid bead or coverslip surface in a gliding arrangement. However, these assay constructions do not permit …
Analysis Of Rule-Based And Shallow Statistical Models For Covid-19 Cough Detection For A Preliminary Diagnosis,
2022
National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad.
Analysis Of Rule-Based And Shallow Statistical Models For Covid-19 Cough Detection For A Preliminary Diagnosis, Arshia Arif, Eisa Alanazi, Ayesha Zeb, Waqar Shahid Qureshi
Conference papers
Coronavirus pandemic that has spread all over the world, is one of its kind in the recent past, that has mobilized researchers in areas such as (not limited to) pre-screening solutions, contact tracing, vaccine developments, and crowd estimation. Pre-screening using symptoms identification, cough classification, and contact tracing mobile applications gained significant popularity during the initial outbreak of the pandemic. Audio recordings of coughing individuals are one of the sources that can help in the pre-screening of COVID-19 patients. This research focuses on quantitative analysis of covid cough classification using audio recordings of coughing individuals. For analysis, we used three different …
Designing A Self-Regulating And Portable Heating Device For A Microfluidic Based Biosensor,
2022
Purdue University
Designing A Self-Regulating And Portable Heating Device For A Microfluidic Based Biosensor, Riya Mahajan
Discovery Undergraduate Interdisciplinary Research Internship
Paper-based biosensors are powerful microfluidic analytical devices that are potentially useful for a wide range of applications, ranging from medical diagnostics to agricultural and environmental monitoring. Molecular diagnostics have limitations because they need to send samples back to a centralized laboratory, which increases the cost and turnaround time of the test. This project aims to create a simple-to-use, low-cost, and portable heating system that would facilitate the creation of a field-deployable paper-based analytical device that can incubate the sample at elevated temperatures for conducting isothermal molecular assays. Our design aims to miniaturize a commercial water bath and will be fabricated …
Mechanical Properties Of Nanoparticles In The Drug Delivery Kinetics,
2022
Wright State University - Main Campus
Mechanical Properties Of Nanoparticles In The Drug Delivery Kinetics, Kaivon Assani, Amy Neidhard-Doll, Tarun Goswami
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
Nanoparticle formulation is a recently developed drug delivery technology with enhanced targeting potential. Nanoparticles encapsulate the drug of choice and delivers it to the target via a targeting molecules (ex. antigen) located on the nanoparticle surface. Nanoparticles can even be targeted to deeply penetrating tissue and can be modeled to deliver drugs through the blood brain barrier. These advancements are providing better disease targeting such as to cancer and Alzheimer’s. Various polymers can be manufactured into nanoparticles. The polymers examined in this paper are polycaprolactone (PCL), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), and poly(glycolic acid) (PGA). The purpose of this …
Probing Myosin Ensemble Mechanics In Actin Filament Bundles Using Optical Tweezers,
2022
University of Mississippi
Probing Myosin Ensemble Mechanics In Actin Filament Bundles Using Optical Tweezers, Omayma Alazzam, Janie Watts, Dana N. Reinemann
Faculty and Student Publications
Myosins are motor proteins that hydrolyze ATP to step along actin filament (AF) tracks and are essential in cellular processes such as motility and muscle contraction. To understand their force-generating mechanisms, myosin II has been investigated both at the single-molecule (SM) level and as teams of motors in vitro using biophysical methods such as optical trapping. These studies showed that myosin force-generating behavior can differ greatly when moving from the single-molecule level in a three-bead arrangement to groups of motors working together on a rigid bead or coverslip surface in a gliding arrangement. However, these assay constructions do not permit …
