Assessing Structural And Functional Brain Alterations And Work-Related Fatigue In Non-Hyposmic And Hyposmic Covid-19 Survivors,
2022
New Jersey Institute of Technology
Assessing Structural And Functional Brain Alterations And Work-Related Fatigue In Non-Hyposmic And Hyposmic Covid-19 Survivors, Rakibul Hafiz
Dissertations
In the year 2019, life began to change at the advent of a global pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus. Mask mandates and mass vaccinations have mitigated the effects significantly, yet cases keep rising with new variants, especially, in densely populated countries, like India. Recent neuroimaging evidence shows the virus can attack the central nervous system (CNS). However, exactly which brain regions undergo structural and functional changes remain largely unknown. Many patients experience 'loss of/reduced sense of smell' (i.e., hyposmic) and an alarming number of survivors develop persistent symptoms ('long-COVID') for several months after initial infection. Fatigue is the most …
Design Of Self-Assembled Peptides For Wound Healing,
2022
New Jersey Institute of Technology
Design Of Self-Assembled Peptides For Wound Healing, Ka-Kyung Kim
Dissertations
According to the CDC, 15% of diabetic patients develop diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) and approximately 170,000 patients undergo non-traumatic amputation annually. DFU is a major complication of diabetes caused by non-healing full-thickness wounds through the dermis. The current treatments include blood sugar control, frequent debridement, offloading, moist wound care, infection treatment, and amputation. To achieve wound closure of DFU, appropriate wound care and antibiotic therapy are essential. Topical regimens include hydrocolloids, alginates, foam, silver-impregnated dressings, and hydrogels. Wound healing is a complex and dynamic interplay between the immune system, keratinocytes, and dermal cells (in case of cutaneous wound). Angiogenesis has …
The Interconnection Of The Vestibular And Oculomotor Systems Analyzed In Healthy Young Adults By Examining Postural Sway,
2022
New Jersey Institute of Technology
The Interconnection Of The Vestibular And Oculomotor Systems Analyzed In Healthy Young Adults By Examining Postural Sway, Cassandra Martin
Theses
In order to study the human brain in a non-invasive way, the vestibular and oculomotor systems have been analyzed simultaneously. To achieve this, an eye movement and balance assessment was conducted for 29 (23 male; 21.6 ± 3.8 years) healthy participants with no history of concussions, brain injuries, vertigo, migraines, brain surgeries, eye surgeries, or amblyopia. The tasks consisted of eyes open, eyes closed, horizontal saccades, vertical saccades, vergence jumps, horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), and vertical VOR. Each task was completed in two stances: feet shoulder width apart and feet together. Distance, velocity, sway area, center of pressure (COP) frequency, …
Degradation Mechanisms Of Zinc-Air Batteries Used In Hearing Aid,
2022
Wright State University - Main Campus
Degradation Mechanisms Of Zinc-Air Batteries Used In Hearing Aid, Kelly Hunt, Mallorty Bates, Gerard Klint Simon, Tarun Goswami
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
Hearing aid devices are powered by the oxidation of zinc that occurs within zinc-air batteries. Zinc-air batteries have an average discharge time of 7 days. Therefore, hearing-aid devices need frequent battery replacement. In this paper, degradation mechanisms of zinc-air batteries investigated where a competition mechanism between zinc passivation and dendritic formation dictates the battery life. This research included exposure time from none to 9 days and to document dendritic growth with time. Scanning electron microscope images were taken to quantify the damage growth as well energy dispersive X-ray tests were conducted to comment on the composition changes. The results confirmed …
Comparison Of Aero Engine Component Lifing Methods,
2022
Wright State University - Main Campus
Comparison Of Aero Engine Component Lifing Methods, Ashley Whitney-Rawls, Paul Copp, Jace Carter, Tarun Goswami
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
Failure of critical engine components such as compressor, fan, and turbine disks during flight can cause the loss of the engine, aircraft, or even life. To reduce the risk of this failure during flight, different methodologies and tools have been developed to determine the safe operating life of these critical disk components. The two most widely used lifing methods, safe-life and damage tolerance, are inherently conservative, retiring all components when a predetermined operating limit is reached. Both methods retire components with theoretical useful life remaining. Additional lifing methods can be used to reduce this conservatism and extend the life of …
Recent Advances In Bone Research 2022 Edition,
2022
CUNY College of Staten Island
Recent Advances In Bone Research 2022 Edition, Jean-Philippe Berteau, Laurent Pujo-Menjouet
Publications and Research
More and more scientific and engineering applications in bone research make pivotal advances in treating patients with orthopedics issues. Hence, bone research in the 21st century combines, inter alia, biology, chemistry, mathematics, and mechanics with complementary characteristics that help a holistic approach to bone-related pathologies. Nowadays, it is hard to connect new evidence when jargoning and money remain two significant obstacles to sharing knowledge. “Recent Advances In Bone Research” is a free book – no money involved at any stage - that combines the most recent efforts in bone research from several experts with different backgrounds, every expert seeks to …
Active Testing Of Executive Functions: Toward More Efficient And Equitable Individual Behavioral Modeling,
2022
Washington University in St. Louis
Active Testing Of Executive Functions: Toward More Efficient And Equitable Individual Behavioral Modeling, Mariluz Rojo Domingo
McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations
Inferences about executive functions are commonly drawn through serial administration of various individual assessments that often take a long time to complete and cannot capture complex trends across multiple variables. In an attempt to improve upon current methods used to estimate latent brain constructs, this thesis makes two primary contributions to the field of behavioral modeling. First, it brings attention to sequential designs for more efficient diagnostic testing of fluctuations in executive functions with respect to a baseline level. It was shown that a sequential framework was successfully capable of detecting significant differences in cognitive performance more rapidly than conventional …
Application Of Neural Networks To Predict Patient-Specific Cellular Parameters In Computational Cardiac Models,
2022
Washington University in St. Louis
Application Of Neural Networks To Predict Patient-Specific Cellular Parameters In Computational Cardiac Models, Chang Hi Lee
McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations
Sudden cardiac death(SCD) is a significant cause of death that accounts for more than 180,000 deaths in the US and 4 million deaths worldwide annually. SCDs are mainly caused by irregular heartbeats called arrhythmias, which are caused by abnormal electrical activity within the heart. Precision medicine, in the form of personalized computational cardiac models of a patient’s heart, can suggest optimal therapies for cardiac arrhythmias. Prior work has used finite element meshes derived from cardiac MRIs to simulate cardiac electrical activity. In this study, I sought to augment this approach by developing a neural network to learn the parameters that …
Optimal Design Of Bacterial Carpets For Fluid Pumping,
2022
Syracuse University
Optimal Design Of Bacterial Carpets For Fluid Pumping, Minghao W. Rostami, Weifan Liu, Amy Buchmann, Eva Strawbridge, Longhua Zhao
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Human Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cells Display Increased Sensitivity To Matrix Stiffness.,
2022
Rowan University
Human Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cells Display Increased Sensitivity To Matrix Stiffness., Kirstene A Gultian, Roshni Gandhi, Khushi Sarin, Martina Sladkova-Faure, Matthew Zimmer, Giuseppe Maria De Peppo, Sebastian Vega
Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research
The clinical translation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is limited by population heterogeneity and inconsistent responses to engineered signals. Specifically, the extent in which MSCs respond to mechanical cues varies significantly across MSC lines. Although induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have recently emerged as a novel cell source for creating highly homogeneous MSC (iMSC) lines, cellular mechanosensing of iMSCs on engineered materials with defined mechanics is not well understood. Here, we tested the mechanosensing properties of three human iMSC lines derived from iPSCs generated using a fully automated platform. Stiffness-driven changes in morphology were comparable between MSCs and iMSCs cultured …
Relationship Between Applied Load And Clearance In Suture Knots,
2022
Wright State University
Relationship Between Applied Load And Clearance In Suture Knots, Amena S. Shermadou, Steven R. Lindheim, Jerome L. Yaklic, Tarun Goswami
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
Ethicon Coated Vicryl absorbable sutures of different diameters were studied in order to determine if a relationship exists between the load and measured clearance. A prototype was designed to simulate knot location. Tensile tests were conducted on the suture knots followed by clearance measurements after each load level was applied. From the results it was concluded that the measured clearance was directly proportional to the amount of load applied to the suture knot. Also, based on the diameter of the suture, the smaller the diameter, the lower was the total displacement of the knot or the clearance.
Study Of Cardiovascular Dynamics During Graded Head-Up Tilt Test In The Young With Syncope Tendency,
2022
Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
Study Of Cardiovascular Dynamics During Graded Head-Up Tilt Test In The Young With Syncope Tendency, Martin A. Miranda Sr
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Gender-Specific Anterior Cruciate Ligament – Gait Forces,
2022
Wright State University - Main Campus
Gender-Specific Anterior Cruciate Ligament – Gait Forces, Bharadwaj Cheruvu, Amy Neidhard-Doll, Tarun Goswami
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
The purpose of this study was to investigate gender-based differences in gait biomechanics and to evaluate those effects on forces generated on the ACL during walking. Estimation of gender-specific ACL forces in the frontal plane can provide a better understanding of the biomechanical patterns underlying higher female injury risk. The present study used a sample from the Fels Longitudinal Study to test the hypothesis that there are significant gender-differences in frontal plane ACL loading during walking. A cross-sectional sample of 178 participants, including 79 males and 99 females was used to evaluate differences in gait kinetics. Females walked at higher …
Simulation Of Gene Regulatory Elements For Biosensing,
2022
Wright State University - Main Campus
Simulation Of Gene Regulatory Elements For Biosensing, Mallory Bates, Svetlana Harbough, Tarun Goswami
Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications
Gene regulatory studies are of significant importance in many scenarios such as mental illness. 21% of U.S adults experience mental illnesses including 1 in 4 active-duty military personnel. Mental health can be identified in the body by different biomarkers. These biomarkers potentially controlled by riboswitches, which are located in mRNA and switch “ON” or “OFF” depending on the concentration of a biomarker. In this research, a known riboswitch reengineered and its response in the presence of a biomarker investigated. We changed computationally PreQ1, a known riboswitch that has the smallest aptamer, and then experimentally tested against biomarkers, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate …
Shape Memory Polymer Foaming With Tunable Interconnectivity Using Off-The-Shelf Foaming Components,
2022
Syracuse University
Shape Memory Polymer Foaming With Tunable Interconnectivity Using Off-The-Shelf Foaming Components, Natalie Marie Petryk
Theses - ALL
The ability to tune pore structures of gas-blown polyurethane shape memory polymer (SMP) foams easily and safely could improve their outcomes as hemostatic dressings or tissue engineering scaffolds and overall commercialization efforts. Incorporating physical blowing agents into the polymer mix can be used to tune pore size and interconnectivity without altering foam chemistry. Enovate (HFC-254fa) is a commonly used physical blowing agent in gas-blown foams, but the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers its use unacceptable because it is a hydrofluorocarbon that contributes to global warming. Here, off-the-shelf solvents accepted for use by the EPA, acetone, dimethyoxymethane (methylal), and methyl formate, …
Atomistic Investigation Of Nucleosomal H3 Histone Tail In Unmodified And Epigenetically Modified States,
2022
Syracuse University
Atomistic Investigation Of Nucleosomal H3 Histone Tail In Unmodified And Epigenetically Modified States, Kathryn Piston
Dissertations - ALL
Epigenetics is a growing area of research that could potentially unlock the understanding of questions like how and why we develop certain diseases, how we age, how we inherit certain traits and even how our species evolves. Epi is a prefix meaning above, referring to chemical tags that sit above your genetics and dictate gene expression. Although there are many known links between certain epigenetic tags and diseases like cancer, the molecular mechanisms behind these links remains elusive. Gaining a novel understanding of the behavior of key biological targets for cancer like the histone H3 tail motivated this work. Histone …
Aerodynamics And Turbulent Wake-Flow Characteristics Of Owls During Flapping Flight,
2022
Coastal Carolina University
Aerodynamics And Turbulent Wake-Flow Characteristics Of Owls During Flapping Flight, Krishnamoorthy Krishnan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Owls exhibit unique flight capabilities in the low Reynolds number flow regime which is prone to complex viscous flow phenomena. They possess unique feather features and flexible wing structures which are postulated to help them fly nearly silently and stably at low speeds in a complex flow setting. Understanding the aerodynamics of owls could pave the way to enhance the future designs of small flying vehicles. Though it has been a focus of research over multiple decades, no conclusive agreement has been attained on the aerodynamic mechanisms associated with owl flight. Particularly, the aerodynamics of flapping owl flight is severely …
Development Of New, Diverse Triggering Mechanisms Of Shape Memory Polymers For Cell Mechanobiology Studies,
2022
Syracuse University
Development Of New, Diverse Triggering Mechanisms Of Shape Memory Polymers For Cell Mechanobiology Studies, Mark Macios
Theses - ALL
Over the past decade, several shape-memory polymer (SMP) substrates capable of changing topography under cell-culture conditions have been developed for the study of cell mechanobiology. Most initial reports of cytocompatible SMP platforms employed thermal triggering under ambient heating conditions, which, especially in hydrated environments, is a slow process that generally takes several minutes to a few hours. Also, biocompatible SMPs initially featured recovery temperatures too high for cells to maintain viability during the thermal trigger. To overcome the limitations of ambient thermal heating triggered shape recovery, the goal of this thesis was to develop new cytocompatible SMPs that can trigger …
Manipulated Electrochemical Surface Reactions Induced By Oscillatory Electric Potentials On Metal Based Electrodes,
2022
Syracuse University
Manipulated Electrochemical Surface Reactions Induced By Oscillatory Electric Potentials On Metal Based Electrodes, Thomas Stone Welles
Dissertations - ALL
This research effort investigates the manipulation of surface electrochemical reactions induced by oscillating electric potentials on the surface of metal-based electrodes. Specifically, this research presents experimental data identifying modified electrochemical surface reactions caused by low magnitude electric potential oscillations on multilayered catalytic membranes and on implanted biometallic alloys. The scope of this effort consists of four major components: (1) perform an exhaustive literature review and analysis of the current understanding in applied surface electrochemistry and develop potential theoretical frameworks by which to interpret the experimental results; (2) identify the electrochemical manipulation via electrical oscillation while reacting nitric oxide on a …
Closed-Loop Brain-Computer Interfaces For Memory Restoration Using Deep Brain Stimulation,
2022
Southern Methodist University
Closed-Loop Brain-Computer Interfaces For Memory Restoration Using Deep Brain Stimulation, David Xiaoliang Wang
Electrical Engineering Theses and Dissertations
The past two decades have witnessed the rapid growth of therapeutic brain-computer interfaces (BCI) targeting a diversity of brain dysfunctions. Among many neurosurgical procedures, deep brain stimulation (DBS) with neuromodulation technique has emerged as a fruitful treatment for neurodegenerative disorders such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, post-traumatic amnesia, and Alzheimer's disease, as well as neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and schizophrenia. In parallel to the open-loop neuromodulation strategies for neuromotor disorders, recent investigations have demonstrated the superior performance of closed-loop neuromodulation systems for memory-relevant disorders due to the more sophisticated underlying brain circuitry during cognitive processes. Our efforts are …
