Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

The Effects Of Continuous Insulin Pump Therapy On Glycemic Control In Pregnant Type 1 Diabetics, Kimberly Kelsey

Senior Theses and Capstone Projects

Type 1 Diabetics have various ways of managing their diabetes that have been studied for their effectiveness. Pregnancy in the Type 1 Diabetic has been understudied. It is known that Diabetics in general have poorer pregnancy outcomes because of poor glycemic control. This coupled with the fact that the body needs 3-4 times more insulin as pregnancy comes to an end makes managing blood glucose levels challenging for diabetics (Lowdermilk, 2016, p. 689). For the Type 1 Diabetic, there are two main ways to control diabetes: multiple daily injections using at least two type of insulin and continuous subcutaneous insulin ...

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring And Methods Of Quantitation For Carbamazepine, Cristian Tuchila, Daniela Luiza Baconi, Cristina Dinu Pirvu, Denisa O. Balalau, Ana Maria Vlasceanu, Miriana Stan, Cristian Balalau

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Carbamazepine is an early anticonvulsant still used today in the treatment of several forms of epilepsy. An active metabolite in the human body contributes to its pharmacological effect. Carbamazepine metabolism has high inter-individual variability, such that it is relatively difficult to establish a direct link between dose and concentration, or between concentration and pharmacological effect. Carbamazepine is thus a good candidate for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Good UV specific absorbance and high plasmatic concentrations allow for the use of UV detection, which is often more accessible than other methods of detection. This paper presents several methods used for the detection ...

Cec Newsletter (Fall 2017), Mary Lloyd Moore

CEC Publications

Topics include:

-Summer CDC Interships

-Special Needs Expo

-Special Needs Summit

-Autism Family Fun Day

The Effect Of Photoactivated Tmp On Burkholderia Cepacia Biofilms, Reyna G. Osorio, Chandra N. Swiech, Tracy L. Collins

Tracy Collins, Ph.D.

Burkholderia cepacia is an opportunistic pathogen that causes infections in immunocompromised individuals such as cystic fibrosis patients. B. cepacia infections are typically characterized by the formation of complex communities of cells known as biofilms. Because B. cepacia biofilms are difficult to eradicate using antibiotics, it is important to pursue alternative treatment methods. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a type of therapy that uses light, a photosensitizer, and oxygen to elicit cell death through the production of reactive oxygen species. PDT has been shown in previous studies to be successful in killing both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, we ...

Determining The Detective Quantum Efficiency (Dqe) Of X-Ray Detectors In Clinical Environments, Terenz R. Escartin

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

According to Health Canada, dental and medical radiography accounts for more than 90% of total man-made radiation dose to the general population. Ensuring patients receive the health benefits of diagnostic x-ray imaging without use of higher radiation exposures requires knowledge and understanding of the detective quantum efficiency (DQE). Currently, the DQE is not measured in clinics because it requires specialized instrumentation and specific DQE-expertise to perform an accurate analysis. In this regard, the goals of this thesis were to: 1) address the limitations of measuring the DQE in clinical environments that affects the accuracy of the measurement; 2) develop and ...

Reframing Outcome Measures For Thrombolytics In Acute Ischemic Stroke, Brandon Baker, Charles W. Kropf, Nicholus Yee, James Peter Meza

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

An informed consent conversation examining relevant research and discussing the potential benefits and harms of thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke.

Anticoagulation Increases Survival In Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Marvin L. Kajy

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

A critical appraisal and clinical application of Olsson KM, Delcroix M, Ghofrani HA, et al. Anticoagulation and survival in pulmonary arterial hypertension: Results from the Comparative, Prospective Registry of Newly Initiated Therapies for Pulmonary Hypertension (COMPERA). Circulation, 2014;129(1):57-65. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.004526

Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms (Sams) In Primary Prevention For Cardiovascular Disease In Older Adults, Zhen Zhou, Loai Albarqouni, Monique Breslin, Andrea J. Curtis, Mark Nelson

Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine Publications

INTRODUCTION: Although statins are commonly used for prevention of cardiovascular disease, there is limited evidence about statin-related adverse effects in older people. Statin-related adverse events (AEs), especially the statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS), are the most common reasons for their discontinuation. Therefore, it is important to determine the risk of SAMS in the older population. We will undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis primarily focusing on the risk of SAMS and secondarily targeting myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, AEs and serious AEs, dropouts due to SAMS in run-in period, related permanent discontinuation rate of statins and creatine kinase level, among older people who received ...

Elective Surgery Type & Screen, Nordx Blood Bank Staff, Haley Pelletier, Suneela Nayak, Stephen Tyzik, Ruth Hanselman

Maine Medical Center

Elective Surgery Type and Screen

Real-World Relevance Of Manual Electrocardiography Qt Interval Measurement, Satish Velagapudi, Zahra Nur Khaled, Bilal Omery, Firas Zahwe, Michael Anigbogu, Sarah Zukkoor, Indrajit Choudhuri

Aurora Cardiology Fellows

Background: Electrocardiography (ECG) QT interval (QTI) prolongation independently predicts sudden death. Hospitalized patients are commonly exposed to multiple QT-prolonging drugs, and manual measurement of ECG QTI based on identifying the intersection of isoelectricity with the tangent to the terminal phase T-wave slope (QTTTT) is advocated due to inaccuracies in automated detection algorithms that may imprecisely identify QT duration.

Purpose: We evaluated the performance of QTTTT compared to a standard automated (12SL, GE Healthcare) method (QT-12SL).

Methods: Consecutively obtained ECGs of 250 hospitalized patients were reviewed. The QTI in leads II, aVR, V5 and V6 determined by QT-12SL and QTTTT were ...

Clinical Outcomes After Drug-Eluting Stents Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery In High Surgical Risk Patients With Left Main Or Three-Vessel Coronary Artery Disease, Tonga Nfor, Kambiz Shetabi, Wael Hassan, Quinta Nfor, Jayant Khitha, Anjan Gupta, Tanvir Bajwa, Suhail Allaqaband

Aurora Cardiology Fellows

Purpose Previous studies comparing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) in patients with unprotected left main or three-vessel coronary artery disease (LM-3VD) have excluded patients at high surgical risk. We compared clinical outcomes after PCI with drug-eluting stents to CABG in high surgical risk patients with LM-3VD. Methods Patients with symptomatic LM-3VD who had Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)-predicted operative mortality >5% and were undergoing either PCI with drug-eluting stents or CABG at a tertiary care center from January 2009 to December 2010 were enrolled in this nonrandomized prospective study. Results Mean STS score ...

Higher Medication Administration Errors Associated With Automated Dispensing System Usage, Jillian Cramer

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

According to a report by The Institute of Medicine, medical errors were associated with up to 98,000 deaths and more than 1 million injuries each year in the United States. These errors can result in poor outcomes, which increase harm or death. According to the Pennsylvania Patient Safety Reporting System, up to 15% of errors reported cite automated dispensing cabinets as the source of the drug involved in the error.Nearly 58% to 70% of hospitals nationwide use automated dispensing cabinets. Nurses play a critical role in promoting patient safety by surveilling and intercepting any possible errors that could ...

Influence Of Differential Calcification In The Descending Thoracic Aorta On Aortic Pulse Pressure, Mirza Mujadil Ahmad, Syed Haris Ahmed Pir, Mustafa Noor Muhammad, Sharmeen Hussaini, Immad Arif Kiani, Mirza Nubair Ahmad, Imaad Razzaque, Muhammad Nabeel Syed, Rafath Ullah, Suhail Allaqaband, Anjan Gupta, Steven C. Port, Khawaja Afzal Ammar

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Multiple studies have shown pulse pressure (PP) to be a strong predictor of aortic calcification. However, no studies are available that correlate PP with aortic calcification at the segmental level.

Methods: We identified 37 patients with aortic PP measured during cardiac catheterization. Their noncontrast chest computed tomography scans were evaluated for the presence of calcium in different segments (ascending aorta, arch of aorta [arch], descending aorta) and quantified. Patients with calcification (Calcified Group A) were compared against patients without calcification (Noncalcified Group B) in terms of PP, calcification and compliance.

Results: The mean of the total calcium score was ...

Temporal Resolution Of Cell Death Signaling Events Induced By Cold Atmospheric Plasma And Electroporation In Human Cancer Cells, Danielle M. Krug, Prasoon K. Diwakar, Ahmed Hassanein

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Cancer treatment resistance and their invasive and expensive nature is propelling research towards developing alternate approaches to eradicate cancer in patients. Non-thermal, i.e., cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) and electroporation (EP) applied to the surface of cancerous tissue are new methods that are minimally invasive, safe, and selective. These approaches, both independently and synergistically, have been shown to deplete cancer cell populations, but the signaling mechanisms of death and their timelines of action are still widely unknown. To better understand the timeframe of signaling events occurring upon treatment, human cancer cell lines were treated with CAP, EP, and combined CAP ...

The Application Of Self-Administered Nutrition Screening Tools And Evaluations Of The Impact Of Malnutrition On Quality Of Life In Individuals With Head And Neck Cancer, Mark J. P. Lynch

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Abstract

Background: Individuals with head and neck cancer (HNCa) are at an increased risk of malnutrition. Therefore, self-administered nutrition screens which attempt to address their nutritional concerns may yield benefits for treatment outcomes and quality of life (QOL).

Methods: 34 participants (26 men, 8 women) completed one demographic and two QOL surveys, two nutrition self-screening tools, a nutrition assessment and an ease-of-use questionnaire. Results of the screens were compared to those of the assessment, and relationships between QOL, nutrition status, and demographics were examined.

Results: 32.3% of participants were identified as nutritionally compromised. The sensitivity and specificity for the ...

Data On The Effect Of Sex On The Size, Cellular Content, And Neuronal Density Of The Developing Brain In Mice Exposed To Isoflurane And Carbon Monoxid, L Wang, A Wang, W W. Supplee, K Koffler, Y Cheng, Z M.N. Quezado, R J. Levy

Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Publications

The data presented here detail the changes in size, cellular content, and neuronal density of the developing brain over time with respect to sex in C57Bl/6 mice following neonatal exposure to isoflurane, carbon monoxide, or their combination. Specifically, brain weight- and brain volume-to-body weight ratios are presented, representative immunoblots of whole brain cell-specific protein content are depicted, and quantification of the number of neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex and CA3 region of the hippocampus are shown. Three discrete postnatal time points are represented: P7 (prior to exposure), P14 (one-week post exposure), and P42-56 (5–7 weeks post exposure ...

Frequency Sensitive Mechanism In Low-Intensity Ultrasound Enhanced Bioeffects, April D. Miller, Abdoulkadri Chama, Tobias M. Louw, Anuradha Subramanian, Hendrik Viljoen

Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering -- All Faculty Papers

This study presents two novel theoretical models to elucidate frequency sensitive nuclear mechanisms in low-intensity ultrasound enhanced bioeffects. In contrast to the typical 1.5 MHz pulsed ultrasound regime, our group previously experimentally confirmed that ultrasound stimulation of anchored chondrocytes at resonant frequency maximized gene expression of load inducible genes which are regulatory markers for cellular response to external stimuli. However, ERK phosphorylation displayed no frequency dependency, suggesting that the biochemical mechanisms involved in enhanced gene expression is downstream of ERK phosphorylation. To elucidate such underlying mechanisms, this study presents a theoretical model of an anchored cell, representing an in ...

Words Do Matter: A Systematic Review On How Different Terminology For The Same Condition Influences Management Preferences, Brooke Nickel, Alexandra Barratt, Tessa Copp, Ray Moynihan, Kirsten Mccaffery

Ray Moynihan

OBJECTIVES: Changing terminology for low-risk, screen-detected conditions has now been recommended by several expert groups in order to prevent overdiagnosis and reduce the associated harms of overtreatment. However, the effect of terminology on patients' preferences for management is not well understood. This review aims to synthesise existing studies on terminology and its impact on management decision making. DESIGN: Systematic review. METHODS: Studies were included that compared two or more terminologies to describe the same condition and measured the effect on treatment or management preferences and/or choices. Studies were identified via database searches from inception to April 2017, and from ...

Evolution Of The Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Muscle Gene Therapy: Translation From Clinical Trial To Benchtop And Back Again, Alisha M. Gruntman, Gwladys Gernoux, Gensheng Wang, Janet Benson, Jeff Chulay, Dave Knop, Christian Mueller, Terence R. Flotte

Christian Mueller

Alpha-one antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a genetic disease affecting the lungs due to inadequate anti-protease activity in the pulmonary interstitium. On-going human trials use intra-muscular delivery of adeno-associated virus (rAAV1), allowing expressing myofibers to secrete normal (M)AAT protein. In the Phase IIa trial, patients in the highest dose cohort (6x1012vg/kg) were given 100 intra-muscular (IM) injections of undiluted vector, with serum AAT levels still substantially below target levels. Previous work has shown that delivering rAAV vector to the musculature via limb perfusion leads to widespread gene expression in myofibers. We hypothesize that widespread delivery would result in an ...

Convolutional Neural Networks In Medical Imaging, Mitchell Finzel

Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal

Over the past 5 years there has been an increase in the use of convolutional neural networks in a broad variety of medical imaging applications. This is due in part to the increase in their popularity since their success in the 2012 ImageNet competition, but is also due to their adaptability across a range of medical imaging applications. These applications vary greatly; from the segmentation of knee cartilage to the detection of Alzheimer's disease in MRIs and much more. In this paper we will go over some of the cutting edge techniques being used specifically for the tasks of ...