Pathogenic Microbiology Commons^™

Analysis Of The Chondroitinase Operon Of Flavobacterium Columnare, Erin L. Sorlien

Senior Honors Projects

Analysis of the chondroitinase operon of Flavobacterium columnare

Erin Sorlien

Major

Cell and Molecular Biology, Chemistry

Advisor

Dr. David R. Nelson

Date

May 2, 2013

Keywords

Flavobacterium columnare, columnaris disease, chondroitin AC lyase, complementation, csl operon

Abstract
Flavobacterium columnare, an opportunistic bacterial pathogen of fish, is the causative agent of columnaris disease (CD). The bacterium is a Gram-negative rod that exhibits gliding motility and avidly forms biofilms. CD affects both wild and cultured freshwater fish, and continues to cause large economic losses to the fish farming industry. According to an investigation conducted by the National Animal Health Monitoring System, CD ...

Antilisterial Characteristics Of Volatile Essential Oils, Leeann L. Slaughter

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

This study explored the in vitro and in situ antilisterial inhibitory activity of 16 essential oils during indirect exposure: Spanish Basil oil (Ocimum basilicum), Bay oil (Pimenta racemosa), Italian Bergamot oil (Citrus bergamia), Roman Chamomile oil (Anthemis nobilis), Sir Lanka Cinnamon oil (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), Citral, Clove Bud oil (Syzygium aromaticum), Cumin Seed oil (cuminum cyminum), Eucalyptus oil (Eucalyptus globulus), Eugenol, Geranium extract (Pelargonium graveolens), Marjoram oil (Origanum majorana), Neroli extract (Citrus aurantium), Peppermint oil (Mentha piperita L.), Rosemary oil (Rosmarinus officinalis L.),and Spanish Sage oil (Salvia officinalis L.). All essential oils were tested against Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC 4644). In ...

Fatty Acid Synthase 1 In Candida Albicans Virulence And The In Vitro Effects Of Fluconazole, Tetracycline In Combinatorial Therapy, Marissa Mandy Rodrigues

Masters Theses

Candida albicans, the causative agent of superficial and invasive mycoses, is a significant fungal pathogen associated with high mortality rates and considerable health-related costs. The most effective class of antifungals used for the treatment of candidiasis includes polyenes, echinocandins and azoles. However with the emergence of resistant strains, new antifungals are warranted for the effective treatment of candidiasis. Genes involved in biosynthetic enzymatic pathways that regulate metabolic processes are important for the survival of pathogenic fungi and can thus be exploited for the development of better antifungals. Fatty acid synthase 1, which is involved in the de novo biosynthesis of ...

Efficacy Of Biopesticides For Organic Management Of Cucumber Beetles, Mary A. Rogers

Doctoral Dissertations

Organic growers are limited in crop protection techniques for cucumber beetle management. Spotted (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) and striped (Acalymma vitatta) cucumber beetles and are significant pests of cucurbits in the U.S. Feeding results in aesthetic damage and reduction in marketable yields as well as transmission of bacterial wilt that can result in plant mortality. Biopesticides are products formulated from naturally occurring organisms such as fungi and bacteria that are pathogenic or toxic to insect pests. Advantages to these products are that they have low environmental risk, low risk to non-target organisms including mammals and beneficial insects, and can help ...

Inhibition Of Burkholderia Multivorans Adhesion To Lung Epithelial Cells By Bivalent Lactosides, Ciara Wight, Rosaria Leyden, Paul V. Murphy, Máire Callaghan, Trinidad Velasco-Torrijos, Siobhan Mcclean

Articles

Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is an opportunistic pathogen in cystic fibrosis patients which is inherently resistant to antimicrobial agents. The mechanisms of attachment and pathogenesis of Bcc, a group of 17 species, are poorly understood. The most commonly identified Bcc species in newly colonised patients, Burkholderia multivorans, continues to be acquired from the environment. Development of therapies which can prevent or reduce the risk of colonization on exposure to Bcc in the environment would be a better alternative to antimicrobial agents. Previously, it has been shown that Bcc strains bound to many glycolipid receptors on lung epithelia. Using a real-time ...

Investigation Into Potential Cross-Resistance Of Enterococcus Faecalis Og1rf Induced By Adaptation To Nacl And Subsequent Sds Challenge, Vidisha Singh, Elizabeth Fozo

Microbiology Publications and Other Works

The gram-positive, non-spore forming bacteria Enterococcus faecalis has been the interest of numerous stress studies due to its ability to survive a range of harsh environments. Its highly adapted membrane replete with specialized proteins enable E. faecalis to maintain homeostasis in such conditions as bile salts, low pH, and low oxygen encountered in the human gastrointestinal tract (12). Bile is a bacteriostatic agent because of its amphipathic nature and toxic amino acid moiety when in its conjugated bile acid form. Similarly, the detergent SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) exhibits toxic effects on the bacterial membrane of E. faecalis and for this ...

Ssrb-Dependent Regulation During Salmonella Pathogenesis, Ana M. Tomljenovic-Berube

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Bacteria demonstrate an extraordinary capacity to survive and adapt to changing environments. In part, this ability to adapt can be attributed to horizontal gene transfer, a phenomenon which introduces novel genetic information that can be appropriated for use in particular niches. Nowhere is this more relevant than in pathogenic bacteria, whose acquisition of virulence genes have provided an arsenal that permits them to thrive within their selected host. Regulatory evolution is necessary for timely regulation of these acquired virulence genes in the host environment. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is an intracellular pathogen which possesses numerous horizontally-acquired genomic islands encoding pathogenic ...

Integrative Microbial Contamination Assessment For Water Quality Monitoring In The Great Lakes, Wenjie Zheng

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Recreational beaches are important local resources for attracting tourists. It is critical to keep tracking recreational water quality to prevent public health issues. Waterborne pathogens are one of the main elements that could cause recreational water related diseases. Fecal pollution is the primary source of waterborne pathogens. Therefore, it is important to quantify the amount of fecal pollution indicators that are present in the water, particular the human fecal indicator. The primary objective of this thesis is to develop an integrative microbial quality monitoring system to better understand water quality. The first part of this thesis examined the presence of ...

Cis-Regulatory Evolution In Salmonella Enterica, Suzanne Osborne

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Originally considered the sole providence of protein coding sequences, evolutionary biology has begun to recognize the importance of non-coding DNA in dictating phenotypic adaptation. Exclusively examined in eukaryotic anatomical development, cis-regulatory modifications have the power to alter the spatial-temporal dynamics of gene expression without the plieotropic consequences of protein modification. Owing to the need to integrate horizontally acquired DNA into existing regulatory networks, cis-regulatory mutations may also significantly contribute to prokaryotic evolution. The horizontal acquisition of Salmonella Pathogenicity Island (SPI)-2 led to the evolutionary divergence of Salmonella enterica from S. bongori. Use of the type 3 secretion ...

The Type 1 Fimbrial Adhesin Mediates The Interaction Of Adherent-Invasive Escherichia Coli With The Host, Lauren E. Wallar

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Crohn’s Disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by an overzealous immune response to a microbial trigger in genetically susceptible individuals. Although this microbial trigger is unknown, Escherichia coli with adherent and invasive properties (Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli, AIEC) is preferentially enriched in a proportion of Crohn’s Disease patients. AIEC can adhere to and invade intestinal epithelial cells and replicate intracellularly within epithelial cells and macrophages in vitro. One important colonization factor expressed by AIEC is the type 1 fimbrial adhesin protein FimH. FimH mediates colonization of CEABAC10 transgenic mice and can bind several host cell receptors including ...

The Pseudomonas Syringae Type Iii Secretion System: The Translocator Proteins, Their Secretion, And The Restriction Of Translocation By The Plant Immune System, Emerson Crabill

Dissertations and Theses in Biological Sciences

Pseudomonas syringae is a Gram-negative plant pathogen whose virulence is dependent upon its type III secretion system (T3SS), a nanosyringe that facilitates translocation, or injection, of type III effector (T3E) proteins into eukaryotic cells. The primary function of P. syringae T3E proteins is suppression of plant immunity. Bacterial proteins called translocators form a translocon that forms a pore in the host plasma membrane which is traversed by T3Es. HrpK1, a putative P. syringae translocator, is a type III-secreted protein important for virulence and T3E injection, but not secretion of T3Es. Harpins are a group of proteins specific to plant pathogens ...