Kinesiology Commons^™

Physical Activity In Individuals With Down Syndrome, Chelsea B. Spurgeon

University of Tennessee Honors Thesis Projects

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Genotype On Aerobic Capacity Following High Intensity Interval Training, Nicole Goddard, Matthew Baker, Tim Higgins, Christian Cobbold

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(3) : 250-259, 2014. Obesity increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Physical activity can reduce T2DM and CVD risk, and increase aerobic capacity, a significant predictor of all-cause mortality and morbidity. High intensity interval training (HIIT) produces similar improvements in aerobic capacity to continuous moderate exercise (CME). Different genotypes of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) have been implicated in improving aerobic capacity and therefore predicted health. This study investigated the effects of different ACE genotypes on the impact of 6 weeks of HIIT on aerobic capacity, and thus ...

Contributions Of After School Programs To The Development Of Fundamental Movement Skills In Children, E Jean Burrows, Melanie R. Keats, Angela M. Kolen

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(3) : 236-249, 2014. Fundamental movement skill (FMS) proficiency or the ability to perform basic skills (e.g., throwing, catching and jumping) has been linked to participation in lifelong physical activity. FMS proficiency amongst children has declined in the previous 15 years, with more children performing FMS at a low-mastery level. These declines may help explain the insufficient levels of participation in health promoting physical activity seen in today’s youth. The after school time period (e.g., 3 to 6 p.m.), is increasingly considered an opportune time for physical activity interventions. To date ...

The Energy Expenditure Of Recreational Ballroom Dance, D. E. Lankford, T. W. Bennion, J. King, N. Hessing, L Lee, D. P. Heil

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(3) : 228-235, 2014. The popularity of recreational ballroom dancing has increased dramatically in recent years. Yet, relatively little information is known regarding the physiological demands of ballroom dancing. The purpose of this study was to determine the energy requirements for recreational ballroom dancing. 24 participants volunteered including 12 women (mean ± SD: 21 ± 3 yrs, 165.8 ± 7.4 cm, 56.8 ± 11.1 kg) and 12 men (23 ± 1 yr, 175.5 ± 8.4 cm, 78.1 ± 15.6 kg). Gas exchange was recorded using a portable metabolic system during a series of five ...

The Influence Of Exercise Environment And Gender On Mood And Exertion, Thomas G. Plante Phd, Abpp, Marily A. Opezzo Phd, L. Aislinn Diaz, Selena Pistoresi, Michael Santos, Jacqueline E. Fahey, Elizabeth Kay, Briana Britton, Suheel Khan

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(3) : 220-227, 2014. This study examined the influence of exercise environment and gender on post-exercise mood and exertion. College student participants (55 females, 49 males) were instructed to pedal a stationary bike at a moderate pace for 20 minutes. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three laboratory conditions: (1) exercising in front of a mirror and posters showing ideal fit body types (i.e., celebrity male and female personal trainers), (2) exercising in front of a mirror only, or (3) a control condition in which participants exercised without a mirror or posters. The ...

Acute Post-Activation Potentiation In Ncaa Division Ii Female Athletes, Kaiya Senn Sygulla, Charles J. Fountaine

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(3) : 212-219, 2014. Post-activation potentiation (PAP) is a phenomenon in which the power output of a muscle is immediately enhanced after heavy resistance exercise. Whereas the majority of PAP research has examined males, minimal research exists as to how female athletes respond. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the acute PAP response of back squats on static squat jump (SSJ) performance among NCAA Division II female athletes. Female athletes (n=29) who were current roster members from basketball, softball, and volleyball, performed 3 SSJ prior to 3 repetitions of the back ...

An Acute Bout Of Self-Myofascial Release In The Form Of Foam Rolling Improves Performance Testing, Corey A. Peacock, Darren D. Krein, Tobin A. Silver, Gabriel J. Sanders, Kyle-Patrick A. Von Carlowitz

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(3) : 202-211, 2014. Recent developments in the strength and conditioning field have shown the incorporation of foam rolling self-myofascial release in adjunct with a dynamic warm-up. This is thought to improve overall training performance; however, minimal research exists supporting this theory. Therefore, determining if an acute bout of foam rolling self-myofascial release in addition to a dynamic warm-up could influence performance is of importance. In order to do so, eleven athletically trained male subjects participated in a two condition, counterbalanced, crossover within-subjects study comparing two particular warm-up routines. The two warm-up routines compared were ...

The Physiologic And Behavioral Implications Of Playing Active And Sedentary Video Games In A Seated And Standing Position, Gabriel J. Sanders, Michael Rebold, Corey A. Peacock, Megan L. Williamson, Antonio Santo, Jacob E. Barkley

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(3) : 194-201, 2014. Previous studies have assessed physiologic response while playing video games per manufacturer instructions with participants standing during active video game play and seated during sedentary game play. It is not known whether an assigned seated or standing position affects positional preference and oxygen consumption (VO2) while gaming. The purpose of the study was to assess VO2 and preference of playing active and sedentary video games in a seated and standing position. VO2 was assessed in 25 participants during four, 20-minute conditions; resting, PlayStation 2 Madden NFL Football 2011, Nintendo Wii-Sports Boxing ...

Effect Of Long-Term Physical Exercise On Blood Pressure In African Americans, Taunjah P. Bell, Katharine A. Mcintyre, Rosamary Hadley

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(3) : 186-193, 2014. Long-term physical exercise has been shown to noticeably reduce blood pressure (BP) and remarkably attenuate symptoms of hypertension. It is believed that physical exercise induces these beneficial effects by increasing the blood supply to the brain, enhancing the release of growth factors from skeletal muscles into the bloodstream, facilitating neurogenesis, stimulating angiogenesis, and influencing endothelial cell proliferation and subsequent endothelial cell membrane permeability. Previous findings also revealed that physical exercise significantly elevates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations which appear to increase dramatically in BP-sensing neurons during hypertension. Elevating BDNF levels is ...

Cardiovascular And Metabolic Demands Of The Kettlebell Swing Using A Tabata Interval Versus A Traditional Resistance Protocol, Howard A. Fortner, Jeanette Salgado, Angelica M. Holmstrup, Michael E. Holmstrup Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(3) : 179-185, 2014. Tabata (TAB) training, consisting of eight cycles of 20 seconds of maximal exercise followed by 10 seconds of rest, is time-efficient, with aerobic and anaerobic benefit. This study investigated the cardiovascular and metabolic demands of a TAB versus traditional (TRAD) resistance protocol with the kettlebell swing. Fourteen young (18-25y), non-obese (BMI 25.7±0.8 kg/m²) participants reported on three occasions. All testing incorporated measurements of HR, oxygen consumption, and blood lactate accumulation. Each participant completed Tabata kettlebell swings (male- 8kg, female- 4.5kg; 8 intervals; 20s maximal repetitions ...

Is There An Optimal Whole-Body Vibration Exposure ‘Dosage’ For Performance Improvement?, R Hugh Morton, Darryl J. Cochrane

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(3) : 169-178, 2014. Whole-body vibration exposure has been shown to improve performance in vertical jumping and knee extensions. Some studies have addressed the question of dose optimality, but are inconclusive and inappropriately designed. Our purpose was to more thoroughly seek an optimum combination of duration, amplitude and frequency of exposure to side-alternating whole-body vibration. We used experimental designs constructed for response surface fitting and optimisation, using both blocked and unblocked second order central composite designs with 12 participants. Immediately after each exposure a discomfort index was recorded, then peak and average torque, peak and ...

Quantitative Ultrasound: Measurement Considerations For The Assessment Of Muscular Dystrophy And Sarcopenia, Michael O. Harris-Love, Reza Monfaredi, Catheeja Ismail, Marc R. Blackman, Kevin Cleary

Exercise Science Faculty Publications

Diagnostic musculoskeletal ultrasound has potential clinical utility in characterizing pathological muscle tissue. Sonography has been long proposed as method of assessing muscle damage due to neuromuscular diseases such as muscular dystrophy, and more recently, changes in body and tissue composition associated with muscle wasting disorders such as sarcopenia. The use of quantitative ultrasound as an adjunct diagnostic procedure has different technical challenges than the traditional use of ultrasound in clinical medicine. Operator-dependent technique and variation are critical considerations when obtaining measures of echointensity (i.e., tissue composition estimates) and tissue dimensions (i.e., muscle thickness) – key elements of the ultrasound ...

Effects Of Plyometric And Endurance Training On Aerobic And Anaerobic Power., T. Snyder, E. Shaw, A. Mueller, E. Stoeckel, A. Strom, T. Vanderveeken, T. Swensen

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Snyder, T., Shaw, E., Mueller, A., Stoeckel, E., Strom, A., VanDerVeeken, T., Swensen, T., Exercise and Sport Sciences, Ithaca College, Ithaca NY

Purpose and Methods: Extending the work of Burgomaster and Gibala, we compared the effects of four weeks of plyometric and endurance training on various indices of aerobic and anaerobic performance in 29 active college age males and females (19.4 ± 1.8 years and 69.9 ± 13.8 kg), who were assigned to a plyometric (6 males and 9 females) or endurance training group (6 males and 8 females). Endurance training consisted of 30 min of cycling at ...

The Effects Of Various Recovery Techniques On Collegiate Pitching Performance, B. Snyder, S. Davis, G. Moir, M. Miltenberger

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Snyder, B., Davis, S., Moir, G., Miltenberger, M., East Stroudsburg University, East Stroudsburg, PA

Purpose: This study was designed to compare pitching performance (velocity, accuracy), symptomology and functional movement across three recovery techniques (active recovery (pedaling on a stationary bike at 40% Max Age Predicted Heart Rate), passive recovery (sitting down with a jacket around the pitchers arm), and Electro muscular stimulation (sitting down with stim placed on the pitchers arm at the anterior and posterior deltoid) in NCAA Division II collegiate pitchers. Methods: Eight male Division II collegiate baseball athletes (Age: 20.1 ± 1.7 years, Mass: 84.8 ...

Ventilatory Threshold Responses At Different Percentages Of Body Weight On The Alter-G Anti-Gravity Treadmill: A Pilot Study, N. Santillo, M. Figueroa, T. Lasala, J. Manning

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Santillo, N., Figueroa, M., Lasala, T., Manning, J., William Paterson University, Wayne NJ

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if changes occurred in the ventilatory threshold (VT) upon manipulation of body weight (BW) when comparing 80% to 100% of BW in healthy college aged individuals on the Alter-G® anti-gravity treadmill. Methods: A modified Bruce Protocol was used to measure oxygen consumption (VO_2peak) on 10 subjects (5 males, 5 females) at 100%, and 80% of BW. Testing protocols were randomized with two weeks in between each test. VT was determined by the software algorithm in the MedGraphics ...

Examination Of Exercise Behaviors, Exercise Barriers And Exercise Self-Efficacy Of British Adults, M. Sadler, M. Brown, K. Dugan, J. Litchauer, K. Port, K. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sadler, M., Brown, M., Dugan, K., Litchauer, J., Port, K., Smith, K., Slippery Rock University, Slippery Rock, PA

Purpose: To examine the exercise behaviors, barriers and self-efficacy of British adults. Methods: A survey was constructed based upon previously validated questionnaires and was randomly administered to subjects in various British cities. Seventy nine subjects, with a mean age of 31.92+12.03 participated in this study. Results: Subjects reported engaging in vigorous physical activity 3.5+2.94 days/week. The table below illustrates the modes of exercise regularly performed by the subjects. Subjects could report participating in more than ...

Effect Of Beta-Adrenergic Blockade On Coronary Blood Flow During Isometric Exercise In Older Adults, A. Ross, Z. Gao, M. Heffernan, U. Leuenberger, L. Sinoway, M. Muller

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Ross A., Gao Z., Heffernan M., Leuenberger U., Sinoway L., Muller M. Penn State Hershey Heart and Vascular Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA

The rise in heart rate (HR) and cardiac contractility during exercise is due to activation of myocardial b-adrenergic receptors. b-receptors are also located on coronary blood vessels and are thought to participate in exercise hyperemia, thereby helping to preserve the balance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. However, experimental data in human subjects are lacking. Purpose: We hypothesized that intravenous b-adrenergic blockade would attenuate the reflex tachycardia and coronary hyperemia in response to ...

Comparison Of Young And Functional Fit Older Adults On Temporal Spatial Gait Parameters, S. Paulson, M. Gray

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

¹Paulson, S., ²Gray, M. ¹Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, PA; ²University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR

Gait speed (GS) has been recognized as an integral component of functional independence. Further, step length (SL), cadence (CAD) and the percentage of the gait cycle in spent in stance (%ST) have been associated with risk of falls and mobility disability among older adults. Purpose: This study examined temporal spatial gait variables in young and low and high functionally fit older adults. Methods: Twenty older and 12 younger adults (CON; M±SD = age: 22.3±1.8, height 1.7±0.1 m ...

Increased Frequency Of Moderate Intensity Walking Increases Consumption Of Low Energy Density Foods, L. Panek-Scarborough, J. Temple

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Panek-Scarborough, L., Temple, J., University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY

Figure 1: Mean + SEM change in laboratory energy consumed from pre to post exercise intervention from HED foods (top) and LED foods (bottom). The 5 day/week group consumed significantly more energy from LED food from pre- to post-exercise treatment (p = 0.002) compared to the other groups.

Background: There is evidence that exercise has an effect on the type and amount of food consumed. One factor that regulates eating is the reinforcing value of food. While previous studies have demonstrated interactions between exercise and eating, to date, no one has ...

The Influence Of Prophylactic Ankle Strategies On Vertical Jump Performance, C. Nelson, S. Paulson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Nelson, C., Paulson, S. Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, PA

Purpose: This study examined the effects of prophylactic ankle taping (PAT) and bracing (PAB) on lower extremity kinematics during vertical jump (VJ) performance. Methods: Eighteen volunteers (M±SD = age: 21.4±0.9, height 170.9±10.0 cm, mass 73.2±14.5 kg, body fat 17.3±6.7%) completed the VJ under three conditions: standard PAT, lace-up PAB, and no treatment (CON). Each testing session was separated by a min of 24 hrs in a randomized and counter-balanced order. Prior to testing, the prophylactic ankle condition was applied and ...