Purification And Isolation Of Α-Chloro-Β-Lactone Precursor Molecules, 2024 Bridgewater College
Purification And Isolation Of Α-Chloro-Β-Lactone Precursor Molecules, Matthew Ellis
Honors Projects
This research investigates the synthesis of α-chloro-β-lactone molecules, focusing on the production, isolation, and purification of two precursor compounds from chloroacetic acid and substituted benzaldehydes. While multiple methods were explored, including EDC, DIC, and DCC catalysis, DCC proved to be most effective in producing higher yields. However, challenges in purification arose due to the formation of byproducts, particularly with DCC, prompting further investigation for efficient extraction and purification techniques. DCC, however, shows a promising route for α-chloro-β-lactone synthesis, despite purification complexities.
Molybdenum Alkylidyne Complexes With Phenoxide Ligands For Alkyne Metathesis, 2024 Louisiana State University at Baton Rouge
Molybdenum Alkylidyne Complexes With Phenoxide Ligands For Alkyne Metathesis, Marvin L. Stewart Jr
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Abstract
Alkyne metathesis is a powerful synthetic tool, which provides easy access to complex organic molecules in a single-step. It is a dynamic covalent reaction that scrambles alkynes, carbon-carbon triple bonds (C≡C). Molybdenum- or tungsten-alkylidyne (Mo≡C, W≡C) complexes are typically used as catalyst to cleave and reform alkyne bonds. Our goal has been to gain a deeper understanding of the intrinsic differences between functional ligands by the development of novel phenoxide ligands.
In chapter 2 we explore the detailed synthesis of novel phenoxide podand ligands in an effort to identify their mo-alkylidyne complexes. We were able to synthesize a variety …
Killing Cancer: Manipulating Hydrophobic Vanadium Complexes To Improve Anti-Cancer Activity, 2024 Fort Hays State University
Killing Cancer: Manipulating Hydrophobic Vanadium Complexes To Improve Anti-Cancer Activity, Levi Ausherman, Debbie C. Crans, Peter A. Lay, Maggi Braasch-Turi
SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days
Hydrophobic vanadium complexes have recently shown improved anti-cancer activities compared to cisplatin. The hydrophobicity and anti-proliferative activity of [VO(Hshed)(dtb)] ([Hshed= N-(salicylideneaminato)-N’-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine and dtb= 3,5-di(tert-butyl)catechol)]) have inspired the development of a library of hydrophobic vanadium complexes. Increasing the steric bulk of the catechol ligand has been shown to have a direct impact on hydrophobicity and anti-proliferative activities. Currently at Fort Hays State University, the Braasch-Turi group is synthesizing VO(HSHED)(dtb) to build up material to support the chemical analysis and biological assay performed by our collaborators at Colorado State University and the University of Sydney, Australia, respectively. In the future, we plan …
Apigenin Alleviates Autistic-Like Stereotyped Repetitive Behaviors And Mitigates Brain Oxidative Stress In Mice, 2024 United Arab Emirates University
Apigenin Alleviates Autistic-Like Stereotyped Repetitive Behaviors And Mitigates Brain Oxidative Stress In Mice, Petrilla Jayaprakash, Dmytro Isaev, Keun-Hang Susan Yang, Rami Beiram, Murat Oz, Bassem Sadek
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Studying the involvement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), specifically α7-nAChRs, in neuropsychiatric brain disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has gained a growing interest. The flavonoid apigenin (APG) has been confirmed in its pharmacological action as a positive allosteric modulator of α7-nAChRs. However, there is no research describing the pharmacological potential of APG in ASD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the subchronic systemic treatment of APG (10–30 mg/kg) on ASD-like repetitive and compulsive-like behaviors and oxidative stress status in the hippocampus and cerebellum in BTBR mice, utilizing the reference drug aripiprazole (ARP, 1 …
Unlocking The Secret To Weight Loss: Discovering The Most Effective Green Tea Products, 2024 Fort Hays State University
Unlocking The Secret To Weight Loss: Discovering The Most Effective Green Tea Products, Seoyeon Kim
SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days
To find the most effective green tea product that can replace
weight loss drugs, we compared the amount of catechin in six
different green tea products. The result was green tea latte
powder contained a significantly small amount of catechin
compared to other products, and the dried pearl green tea leaves
had the highest amount of catechin. Also, the unexpected result
was that green tea supplements had less amount of catechin
compared to dried leaves or even tea bags that are commonly
sold in markets.
Synthesis, Molecular Characteristics, And Antibacterial Assessment Of Marine Hydroid Aqueous Extract-Based Silver Bio-Nanoparticles, 2024 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Hasanuddin, Sulawesi Selatan 90245, Indonesia
Synthesis, Molecular Characteristics, And Antibacterial Assessment Of Marine Hydroid Aqueous Extract-Based Silver Bio-Nanoparticles, Fredryk Mandey, Aulia Rhamdani Arfan, Rugaiyah Andi Arfah
Makara Journal of Science
This investigation aims to synthesize, analyze the molecularity, and test the ability of bacterial inhibition capability of silver nanoparticles that have been synthesized by simply mixing silver nitrate and aqueous extracts of marine natural products with and without the addition of amylum as a stabilizing agent. This research, with and without the addition of amylum as a stabilizing agent, obtained 39.0 and 55.2 mg of solids of round-shaped morphology silver nanoparticles with diameters of 87.9 and 103.0 nm., respectively. In addition, the antibacterial testing assay against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli showed some considerably good results. S. aureus with the …
Study Of Solvent-Free, Microwave-Assisted Ring-Opening Reactions Of Phenyl Glycidyl Ether With Azoles, 2024 University of Arkansas at Little Rock
Study Of Solvent-Free, Microwave-Assisted Ring-Opening Reactions Of Phenyl Glycidyl Ether With Azoles, Marygrace Mcafee, Joshua Pack, Brian Walker
Arkansas Women in STEM Conference
Literature precedent supports that microwave-assisted organic synthesis can afford fast, high-yield, and efficient synthetic pathways, often comparable to or better than traditional heating methods. Building on this, our work utilizes microwave-assisted synthesis for the epoxide ring opening of phenyl glycidyl ether through nucleophilic addition, aiming to create both pyrazole and imidazole derivatives. These heterocyclic azole compounds have been shown to be important due to their presence in many natural products, as well as their anti-fungal and other pharmacological activities. We are exploring the use of microwave irradiation under neat (solvent-free) conditions, focused on a streamlined approach to minimize time, energy …
Mechanistic Investigation Of C—C Bond Activation Of Phosphaalkynes With Pt(0) Complexes, 2024 The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Mechanistic Investigation Of C—C Bond Activation Of Phosphaalkynes With Pt(0) Complexes, Roberto M. Escobar, Abdurrahman C. Ateşin, Christian Müller, William D. Jones, Tülay Ateşin
Research Symposium
Carbon–carbon (C–C) bond activation has gained increased attention as a direct method for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. Due to the thermodynamic stability and kinetic inaccessibility of the C–C bonds, however, activation of C–C bonds by homogeneous transition-metal catalysts under mild homogeneous conditions is still a challenge. Most of the systems in which the activation occurs either have aromatization or relief of ring strain as the primary driving force. The activation of unstrained C–C bonds of phosphaalkynes does not have this advantage. This study employs Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to elucidate Pt(0)-mediated C–CP bond activation mechanisms in phosphaalkynes. Investigating the …
Purification And Isolation Of Α-Chloro-Β-Lactone Precursor Molecules, 2024 Bridgewater College
Purification And Isolation Of Α-Chloro-Β-Lactone Precursor Molecules, Matthew Ellis
ASPIRE 2024
This research investigates the synthesis of α-chloro-β-lactone molecules, focusing on the production, isolation, and purification of two precursor compounds from chloroacetic acid and substituted benzaldehydes. While multiple methods were explored, including EDC, DIC, and DCC catalysis, DCC proved to be most effective in producing higher yields. However, challenges in purification arose due to the formation of byproducts, particularly with DCC, prompting further investigation for efficient extraction and purification techniques. DCC, however, shows a promising route for α-chloro-β-lactone synthesis, despite purification complexities.
Pisa Printing Microneedles With Controllable Aqueous Dissolution Kinetics, 2024 Missouri University of Science and Technology
Pisa Printing Microneedles With Controllable Aqueous Dissolution Kinetics, Aaron Priester, Jimmy Yeng, Yuwei Zhang, Krista Hilmas, Risheng Wang, Anthony J. Convertine
Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works
This study focused on the development of high-resolution polymeric structures using polymer-induced self-assembly (PISA) printing with commercially available digital light-processing (DLP) printers. Significantly, soluble solids could be 3D-printed using this methodology with controllable aqueous dissolution rates. This was achieved using a highly branched macrochain transfer agent (macro-CTA) containing multiple covalently attached CTA groups. In this work, the use of acrylamide as the self-assembling monomer in isopropyl alcohol was explored with the addition of N-(butoxymethyl)acrylamide to modulate the aqueous dissolution kinetics. PISA-printed microneedles were observed to have feature sizes as small as 27 μm, which was close to the resolution limit …
Studies Of Oxidopyrylium Ylide Dimers And Their Utility In The Synthesis Of Densely Functionalized Troponoids, 2024 The Graduate Center, City University of New York
Studies Of Oxidopyrylium Ylide Dimers And Their Utility In The Synthesis Of Densely Functionalized Troponoids, Daniel V. Schiavone
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Herein, we describe our efforts to investigate mechanistic considerations of oxidopyrylium ylides and their use in cycloadditions to form complex bicyclic structures and the advancement of these cycloadducts to the synthesis of densely functionalized tropolones. This work also describes applications of tropolones as biologically relevant structures and dynamic fluorophores.
In Chapter 1, we expand upon previous studies done in the Murelli Lab describing the ability of 3-hydroxy-4-pyrone derived oxidopyrylium dimers to revert back to ylides in situ and as result can be used as a clean oxidopyrylium ylide source in accessing oxabicyclic compounds. Intermolecular cycloadditions of these ylides can be …
Stereospecific Cross-Coupling Reactions Of Vinyl Triflates And An Investigation Of The Synthesis And Reactivity Of Activated Alkyltricyclohexylstannanes, 2024 The Graduate Center, City University of New York
Stereospecific Cross-Coupling Reactions Of Vinyl Triflates And An Investigation Of The Synthesis And Reactivity Of Activated Alkyltricyclohexylstannanes, Pejman Ghaemimohammadi
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Organic chemistry exists in all aspects of everyday life from polymers to pharmaceutics. Formation of carbon-carbon bonds is essential for the synthesis of complex organic compounds. This goal can be achieved by using transition metal catalysts. Second-row transition metals such as Pd, Pt, Rh, and Ir have shown remarkable efficacy in these reactions. Metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions form carbon-carbon bonds between electrophiles and nucleophiles using transition metal catalysts. Pd is mainly used in this reaction.
Transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions that form a bond between two C(sp2) carbons have been widely studied over the past decades. C(sp2)-C(sp3 …
The Effect Of Variation Of N-Substituents On Oxidopyridinium Ions In (4+3) Cycloadditions, 2024 University of Missouri
The Effect Of Variation Of N-Substituents On Oxidopyridinium Ions In (4+3) Cycloadditions, Zahria Patrick, Madison Clark
Undergraduate Research Symposium
The aim of this research project is to expand the scope of 4 + 3 cycloadduct chemistry by varying functional groups attached to the prerequisite oxidopyridinium ion for each respective cycloadduct product. While N-substitution of the pyridinium precursor is known to proceed smoothly if alkylated by a lone methyl group, we evaluated the effect a larger alkyl group would have on the overall yield of the 4 + 3 cycloadduct product.
Isobutyl triflate, generated from the known reaction between isobutyl alcohol and triflic anhydride, was reacted with ethyl 5-hydroxy-nicotinate to generate the respective N-isobutyl oxidopyridinium ion in quantitative …
Etherification Of Propargylic Alcohol Using Ferrocenium Ions, 2024 University of Missouri-St. Louis
Etherification Of Propargylic Alcohol Using Ferrocenium Ions, Cody Amann, Sai Anvesh Bezawada, Eike B. Bauer
Undergraduate Research Symposium
Etherification of Propargylic Alcohol using Ferrocenium Ions
Cody Amann, Sai Anvesh Bezawada and Eike B. Bauer*
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St.Louis, MO 63121
Our research efforts are directed toward the improvement of iron-based catalyst systems. The Bauer research group recently found that the ferrocenium cation is a catalytically active in the etherification of propargylic alcohols. My research was to compare the effect of two different counteranions of the ferrocenium cation on the catalytic activity. Etherification test reactions were performed using 2-methyl-2-phenol-propargylic alcohol and n-butanol to afford the corresponding propargylic ether substitution products. The complexes used …
Exploring The Reactivity Of Metal-Ligand Cooperative Complexes With Dioxazolones, Terminal Alkynes, And 2-Ethynylbenzyl Alcohol, 2024 Western University
Exploring The Reactivity Of Metal-Ligand Cooperative Complexes With Dioxazolones, Terminal Alkynes, And 2-Ethynylbenzyl Alcohol, Megan A. Hoffer Miss
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
N-Acyl ketenimines were attempted to be synthesized catalytically by [Ru(Cp)(PPh2NPh2)(NCMe)]PF6 with phenylacetylene and 3-phenethynyl-1,2,4-dioxazol-5-one. Trapping agents were employed to identify the major product of the reaction, as many products were formed. [Ru(Cp)(PPh2NPh2)(NCMe)]PF6 reacts with 3-phenethynyl-1,2,4-dioxazol-5-one generating an isocyanate via the Curtius rearrangement, confirmed by a forced Curtius rearrangement with 3-phenethynyl-1,2,4-dioxazol-5-one and 1,2,4-triazole. Rates of vinylidene formation using [Ru(Cp)(PPh2NPh2)(NCMe)]PF6 and various terminal alkynes of different sterics and electronics were evaluated using a Hammett analysis for and simple rate comparisons. …
Unraveling Sources Of Cyanate In The Marine Environment: Insights From Cyanate Distributions And Production During The Photochemical Degradation Of Dissolved Organic Matter, 2024 Shandong University
Unraveling Sources Of Cyanate In The Marine Environment: Insights From Cyanate Distributions And Production During The Photochemical Degradation Of Dissolved Organic Matter, Rui Wang, Jihua Liu, Yongle Xu, Li Liu, Kenneth Mopper
Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications
Cyanate is a nitrogen and energy source for diverse marine microorganisms, playing important roles in the nitrogen cycle. Despite the extensive research on cyanate utilization, the sources of this nitrogen compound remain largely enigmatic. To unravel the sources of cyanate, distributions and production of cyanate during photochemical degradation of natural dissolved organic matter (DOM) were investigated across various environments, including freshwater, estuarine, coastal areas in Florida, and the continental and slope regions of the North American mid-Atlantic Ocean (NATL). Cyanate production was also examined during the photochemical degradation of exudates from a typical strain of Synechococcus, an important phytoplankton …
Synthesis Of Chiral Amino Acids Via Direct Amination Of Diazo Ester With A Rhodium-Based Catalyst, 2024 Georgia Southern University
Synthesis Of Chiral Amino Acids Via Direct Amination Of Diazo Ester With A Rhodium-Based Catalyst, Steven J. Boyles
Honors College Theses
Amino acids are critical molecules within living organisms as they are the building blocks of proteins. In organisms, proteins serve as regulators of necessary processes, structural components in tissue, hormones, and neurotransmitters. Amino acid therapy is an emerging treatment in the medical field used to treat symptoms of diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis. Amino acid therapies have also shown promising effects when it comes to treating mood disorders and weight management. In order to increase the number of amino acids available and increase the potential treatments for other ailments, there is a drive to increase …
Assessing Interatomic Potentials For Molecular Dynamics Simulation Of Soybean Oil Pyrolysis, 2024 Missouri State University
Assessing Interatomic Potentials For Molecular Dynamics Simulation Of Soybean Oil Pyrolysis, Tanner Garrett Rust
MSU Graduate Theses
The world today relies on hydrocarbon combustion for many reasons, including its high energy density that provides ease of transportation. However, hydrocarbons sourced from fossil fuels are not expected to last forever. Biodiesel, a renewable alternative, has many attractive benefits but comes with other downsides. Biodiesel can gel in cold environments and may leave residue in an engine. Pyrolysis of biodiesel has shown promise in addressing these common detriments. Inducing pyrolysis on biodiesel feedstock (commonly soybean oil in the USA) would be an attractive option presuming it continues to produce fossil fuel analogs similar to biodiesel pyrolysis. Herein, Langevin molecular …
Covalent Inhibition Of Enzyme Sortase A As A New Pathway Against Bacterial Resistance Of Staphylococcus Aureus, 2023 University of San Francisco
Covalent Inhibition Of Enzyme Sortase A As A New Pathway Against Bacterial Resistance Of Staphylococcus Aureus, Umyeena Bashir
Master's Theses
The continued rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), has made the discovery of novel antibiotics critical. While bacteriostatic and bactericidal antibiotics inevitably exert evolutionary pressure on bacteria to develop resistance, small molecules that target mechanisms of bacterial virulence present a promising alternative for treatment. Sortase A (Srt A), a cysteine protease of S. aureus, promotes bacterial virulence by covalently attaching proteins such as pilin to the bacterial surface, enabling bacterial adhesion to mammalian cells. Inhibitory studies of this enzyme have gained prominent interest as a new pathway for drug development since blocking this enzyme's ability to …
Enhanced Mechanical Strength Of Soybean Oil-Based Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Adhesive For Wood Application By Introducing Nanofillers, 2023 Pittsburg State University
Enhanced Mechanical Strength Of Soybean Oil-Based Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Adhesive For Wood Application By Introducing Nanofillers, Vatsal Chaudhari
Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Polyurethane (PU) is a versatile material that finds extensive use in various industries including bedding, construction, automotive, and packaging. Historically, this particular polymer relied significantly on petrochemical resources, a practice that was considered to have negative environmental impacts. The conventional method for preparing PU involves the use of isocyanate, which is a disadvantage due to its negative impact on the environment and human health. The resolution of this problem entails identifying an appropriate substitute for petroleum-derived products that minimize their impact on both the environment and human health. The researchers earlier utilized soybean oil, for the formulation of PUs in …