Economics Commons^™

Family Background And Economic Outcomes In Japan, Ken Yamada

Research Collection School Of Economics

There has been increasing concern about the influence of elements of family background on children’s future outcomes in Japan. This paper empirically examines the long-term impact of family background, including sibling composition and parental attributes, and reveals how these elements of Japanese women’s family backgrounds affect their educational attainment and investment, labor market outcomes, family formation, and spousal characteristics.

A Forensic Analysis Of Global Imbalances, Menzie David Chinn, Barry Eichengreen, Hiro Ito

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We examine whether the behavior of current account balances changed in the years preceding the global crisis of 2008-09, and assess the prospects for global imbalances in the post-crisis period. Changes in the budget balance are an important factor affecting current account balances for deficit countries such as the U.S. and the U.K. The effect of the “saving glut variables” on current account balances has been relatively stable for emerging market countries, suggesting that those factors cannot explain the bulk of their recent current account movements. We also find the 2006-08 period to constitute a structural break for emerging market …

Immigrant Economic Experiences: A Canada-Us Comparison, Lucia Lo

Migration and Ethnic Relations Colloquium Series

No abstract provided.

Subsidizing The Rich, Ishrat Husain Dr.

Faculty Research - Newspaper and Magazine Articles

A progressive state caters to the needs of those, who are unable to generate adequate incomes and forced to live in subhuman conditions. Targeted subsidies to the poor are seen as an integral part of the state policy for promoting equity within a society. To finance these subsidies, the rich pay taxes. What is ironical in Pakistan is the role reversal — as those who should be financing subsidy to the needy, are its beneficiaries. First, they evade taxes on their income and then, they also receive bulk of subsidies and concessions to which they are least entitled. The only …

Strategic Substitutes Or Complements? The Game Of Where To Fish, Robert L. Hicks, William C. Horrace, Kurt E. Schnier

Economics - All Scholarship

The ‘‘global game with strategic substitutes and complements’’ of Karp et al. (2007) is used to model the decision of where to fish. A complete information game is assumed, but the model is generalized to S > 1 sites. In this game, a fisherman’s payoff depends on fish density in each site and the actions of other fishermen which can lead to congestion or agglomeration effects. Stable and unstable equilibria are characterized, as well as notions of equilibrium dominance. The model is applied to the Alaskan flatfish fishery by specifying a strategic interaction function (response to congestion) that is a non-linear …

Do Tax Havens Really Flourish? Accounting For Endogeneity In Growth Regressions, Luisa Blanco, Cynthia Rogers

School of Public Policy Working Papers

That tax haven policies contribute to favorable economic growth in tax haven countries is commonly accepted. There is, however, minimal empirical evidence to substantiate this assertion and empirical investigations are subject to endogeneity bias. Using a sample of 155 countries from 1982 to 2003, we find that the standard tax haven variable is endogenous to the error term in a typical growth regression. We offer land area measures as valid instruments for tax haven status. Results based on two-stage least squares estimation with heteroskedastic standard errors and controls for initial conditions provide support for the claim that tax havens “flourish” …

Hay Supply And Demand Balance Sheet, Tosha L. Opheim, Matthew Diersen

Economics Commentator (1972- 2016)

No abstract provided.

Social Interactions In The Labor Market, Andrew Grodner, Thomas J. Kniesner, John A. Bishop

Economics - All Scholarship

We examine theoretically and empirically social interactions in labor markets and how policy prescriptions can change dramatically when there are social interactions present. Spillover effects increase labor supply and conformity effects make labor supply perfectly inelastic at a reference group average. The demand for a good may also be influenced by either a spillover effect or a conformity effect. Positive spillover increases the demand for the good with interactions, and a conformity effect makes the demand curve pivot to become less price sensitive. Similar social interactions effects appear in the associated derived demands for labor. Individual and community factors may …

How The Mindless Growth Mantra Of Modern Economics Is Failing Us, Singapore Management University

Perspectives@SMU

Just three years after the 2008 global financial crisis, the world wonders, yet again, if another global downturn might be looming.

Executive Summary, Cumberland County Foodshed Assessment, Report 1, Barbara Ives

Local Food Systems

Like everyone else in these troubled economic times, Mainers are looking for ways to create jobs that will remain relevant and vital in a global economy, that cannot be outsourced, and that will regenerate rather than exploit our natural resources.

A growing number of people believe that a food system rooted in local farms, fisheries, and food production and distribution enterprises can strengthen Maine’s economy and its communities’ health, thereby increasing revenue and decreasing an expense that is crippling government agencies and individuals alike – healthcare. Business people who want to make a living related to food, and public and …

Improved Estimates Of St. Louis Metro Employment, Howard Wall

Center for Applied Economics

Official employment data for the St. Louis metro area produced by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) are often unreliable and usually misleading. A major reason for this problem is that the BLS does not make full use of the data at its disposal. To address this, the Institute for the Study of Economics and the Environment (ISEE) at Lindenwood University has developed an alternative employment measure that makes better use of available data. More specifically, the ISEE employment series for the St. Louis MSA undergo rolling benchmark revisions four times a year as data become available. This is in …

Optimal Taxation With Rent-Seeking, Casey G. Rothschild, Florian Scheuer

Economics Faculty Scholarship

Recent policy proposals have suggested taxing top incomes at very high rates on the grounds that some or all of the highest wage earners are engaged in socially unpro- ductive or counterproductive activities, such as externality imposing speculation in the financial sector. To address this, we provide a model in which agents can choose between working in a traditional sector, where private and social products coincide, and a crowdable rent-seeking sector, where some or all of earned income reflects the capture of pre-existing output rather than increased production. We character- ize Pareto optimal linear and non-linear income tax systems under …

Rhode Island Current Conditions Index — September 2011, Leonard Lardaro

The Rhode Island Current Conditions Index

No abstract provided.

The Importance Of Region And State Welfare Rules For Disconnected Single Mothers, Andrea Hetling

University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research Discussion Paper Series

The proportion of low-income, single mothers not receiving public assistance or participating in the formal employment sector has approximately doubled over the past decade. Many of the currently debated policy options to support these families focus on state level programs. However, little is known about the relationships between state welfare program characteristics and disconnectedness. This project assesses the effect of state welfare rules on the likelihood of being disconnected from these two income sources. Using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation and the Urban Institute‟s Welfare Rules Database, the current research compares the circumstances of these at-risk …

Recent Developments In Antipoverty Policies In The United States, James P. Ziliak

University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research Discussion Paper Series

I survey recent developments in antipoverty policy in the United States over the past decade and examine how the safety net and tax system affects poverty and its correlates using data from the 2000 to 2010 waves of the Current Population Survey-Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Unlike the 1980s and 1990s, and until the health care overhaul in 2009, the first decade of the 21st Century was relatively tepid in terms of major transfer policy reforms. However, real spending on most major social program increased significantly, and in some cases doubled or tripled, in response to demographic shifts and the …

China’S Energy Inefficiency: A Cross-Country Comparison, Chu Wei, Jinlan Ni, Manhong Sheng

Economics Faculty Publications

This paper constructs a total-factor energy technical efficiency index using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method following the total factor productivity framework. We then compare energy technical efficiency across 156 countries from 1980 to 2007. The results show that China's energy efficiency considerably trails other countries’ although it has made significant gains within the last 28 years. Further analysis indicates that scale inefficiency rather than pure technical efficiency contributes to China's energy inefficiency.

Government Ideology, Democracy And The Sacrifice Ratio: Evidence From Latin American And Caribbean Disinflations, Tony Caporale

Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

This study uses a sample of 34 disinflations undertaken by thirteen Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) nations to test if political institutions impact the cost of policy induced disinflations. We find, after controlling for several of the most important covariates in the literature, that disinflations are less costly for right vs. left governments and that sacrifice ratios are lower for more democratic vs. authoritarian governmental regimes. This is robust to different measures of government ideology as well as to alternative ways of computing the sacrifice ratio and lends support for political economy literature which argues that political institutions have significant …

False Profits: An Economics Primer About Americans "Going For Broke" And Nearly Making It, Don P. Diffine Ph.D.

Belden Center Books

Has there been any time in history when government could successfully spend private sector money (by first taxing it), borrow the difference (deficit spending), and crowd out private sector long run borrowing (causing higher interest rates)--all to try to bring about growth, economic recovery, jobs, and stable prices? Should we worry that our government's ambitious spending plans could be like the proverbial drunken sailor squandering his paycheck on leave? At least it was his own money!

Remember Margaret Thatcher? "The problem with Socialism," she said, "is that, sooner or later, we run out of other people's money..."

Growth Potential Of Tourism Taxation In Maldives, Fazeel Najeeb, Mehmet S. Tosun

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

No abstract provided.

Property Rights Protection And Fdi Flows: The Mena Experience, Wasseem Mina

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

No abstract provided.