Fiscal Federalism In Nigeria: A Cluster Analysis Of Revenue Allocation To States And Local Government Areas, 1999 – 2008,
2012
Central Bank of Nigeria
Fiscal Federalism In Nigeria: A Cluster Analysis Of Revenue Allocation To States And Local Government Areas, 1999 – 2008, Sam O. Olofin, Olusanya E. Olubusoye, Bello K. Ajide, Salisu A. Afees, Olalekan S. Akinola
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
Existing literature on revenue allocation in Nigeria shows more concern for merits and demerits of sharing principles and /or formulae. Several alternatives have been proposed and will continue to be developed to address the unending agitations from beneficiaries. Contrary however, this paper analyzes two items of revenue (statutory and VAT) shared among the states including FCT and all the Local Government Areas (LGAs) between May 1999 and December 2008. The net statutory allocation after deductions was also analyzed. Using Cluster analysis to evaluate revenue allocation in Nigeria, States and LGAs exhibiting similarity in revenue received were grouped and their common …
Food Fight: A Case Study Of The Community Food Security Coalition’S Campaign For A Fair Farm Bill,
2012
SIT Graduate Institute
Food Fight: A Case Study Of The Community Food Security Coalition’S Campaign For A Fair Farm Bill, Marni Salmon
Capstone Collection
The farm bill is an all-encompassing piece of legislation that is reauthorized approximately every five years and establishes federal policy for everything from farm subsidies and crop insurance to energy, conservation, food stamps and school lunches. The current law expires at the end of September 2012. Reauthorization of the farm bill represents the single largest opportunity to reform the policies that shape food systems in the United States. The Community Food Security Coalition (CFSC) is campaigning to improve access to healthy food by increasing links with family farmers and to strengthen local and regional food systems. This case study traces …
Marketing Vermont As A Multicultural Brand,
2012
SIT Graduate Institute
Marketing Vermont As A Multicultural Brand, Shambulia Gadsden Sams
Capstone Collection
Considered one of the most ethnically diverse countries, race diversity is at its highest and most rapid growth in the United States due to the increase in the minority population. Vermont has long been the U.S.’s least diverse state, being the 2nd whitest state in the U.S., yet, according to the 2010 census, the racial and ethnic population has increased. However, the visibility of that growth amongst the minority population in Vermont is stagnating in only marketing to a Caucasian-centric base. This capstone paper will examine the Marketing of Vermont as a Multicultural Brand and how it has and …
Notes On Computational Complexity Of Ge Inequalities,
2012
Yale University
Notes On Computational Complexity Of Ge Inequalities, Donald J. Brown
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
This paper is a revision of my paper, CFDP 1865. The principal innovation is an equivalent reformulation of the decision problem for weak feasibility of the GE inequalities, using polynomial time ellipsoid methods, as a semidefinite optimization problem, using polynomial time interior point methods. We minimize the maximum of the Euclidean distances between the aggregate endowment and the Minkowski sum of the sets of consumer’s Marshallian demands in each observation. We show that this is an instance of the generic semidefinite optimization problem: inf x in K f ( x ) ≡ Opt ( K,f ), the optimal value of …
What Is A Solution To A Matrix Game,
2012
Yale University
What Is A Solution To A Matrix Game, Martin Shubik
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
These notes are provided to describe many of the problems encountered concerning both structure and behavior in specifying what is meant by the solution to a game of strategy in matrix or strategic form. In the short term in particular, it is often reasonable for the individual to accept as given, both the context in which decisions are being made and the formal structure of the rules of the game. A solution is usually considered as a complete set of equations of motion that when applied to the game at hand selects a final outcome. There are many different theories …
The Anatomy Of French Production Hierarchies,
2012
Yale University
The Anatomy Of French Production Hierarchies, Lorenzo Caliendo, Ferdinando Monte, Esteban Rossi-Hansberg
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
We use a comprehensive dataset of French manufacturing firms to study their internal organization. We first divide the employees of each firm into ‘layers’ using occupational categories. Layers are hierarchical in that the typical worker in a higher layer earns more, and the typical firm occupies less of them. In addition, the probability of adding (dropping) a layer is very positively (negatively) correlated with value added. We then explore the changes in the wages and number of employees that accompany expansions in layers, output, or markets (by becoming exporters). The empirical results indicate that reorganization, through changes in layers, is …
Decoupling Markets And Individuals: Rational Expectations Equilibrium Outcomes From Information Dissemination Among Boundedly-Rational Traders,
2012
Yale University
Decoupling Markets And Individuals: Rational Expectations Equilibrium Outcomes From Information Dissemination Among Boundedly-Rational Traders, Karim Jamal, Michael Maier, Shyam Sunder
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
Attainment of rational expectations equilibria in asset markets calls for the price system to disseminate traders’ private information to others. It is known that markets populated by asymmetrically-informed profit-motivated human traders can converge to rational expectations equilibria. This paper reports comparable market outcomes when human traders are replaced by boundedly-rational algorithmic agents who use a simple means-end heuristic. These algorithmic agents lack the capability to optimize; yet outcomes of markets populated by them converge near the equilibrium derived from optimization assumptions. These findings suggest that market structure is an important determinant of efficient aggregate level outcomes, and that care is …
Simple Agents, Intelligent Markets,
2012
Yale University
Simple Agents, Intelligent Markets, Karim Jamal, Michael Maier, Shyam Sunder
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
Attainment of rational expectations equilibria in asset markets calls for the price system to disseminate agents’ private information to others. Markets populated by human agents are known to be capable of converging to rational expectations equilibria. This paper reports comparable market outcomes when human agents are replaced by boundedly-rational algorithmic agents who use a simple means-end heuristic. These algorithmic agents lack the capability to optimize; yet outcomes of markets populated by them converge near the equilibrium derived from optimization assumptions. These findings point to market structure (rather than cognition or optimization) being an important determinant of efficient aggregate level outcomes.
Four Flaws In New York State’S Property Taxes And How To Fix Them: The Homestead Option,
2012
The Maxwell School, Syracuse University
Four Flaws In New York State’S Property Taxes And How To Fix Them: The Homestead Option, John Yinger
Center for Policy Research
It’s Elementary is a series of essays on topics in education and education policy. The main focus is on education finance in New York State, but general research findings in education and education policy issues in several other states are also discussed. John Yinger, Professor of Economics and Public Administration at the Maxwell School, Syracuse University is the author of most of these essays, although a few are written by or co-authored with other scholars.
Gulf Juggernaut: Review Of Adam Hanieh, Capitalism And Class In The Gulf Arab States,
2012
Smith College
Gulf Juggernaut: Review Of Adam Hanieh, Capitalism And Class In The Gulf Arab States, Karen Pfeifer
Economics: Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Spillover Effects Of Crimes In Neighboring States Of Mexico,
2012
Wright State University - Main Campus
Spillover Effects Of Crimes In Neighboring States Of Mexico, Mingming Pan, Benjamin Widner, Carl E. Enomoto
Economics Faculty Publications
The recent surge in crime and drug-related violence in Mexico has had a profound effect on the Mexican economy. Thousands of businesses have closed in Ciudad Juarez, a city that borders the U.S., due to the violence that has erupted between drug cartels. It has been estimated by Rios (2007) that $4.3 billion of losses occur yearly to Mexico, due to illegal drug activity in the country. Using a spatial model, this paper analyzes the determinants of crime in Mexican states. It was found that high levels of total crime and drug-related violence in neighboring states of Mexico have spillover …
Dampak Desentralisasi Fiskal Terhadap Disparitas Akses Pendidikan Dasar Di Indonesia,
2012
Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Dampak Desentralisasi Fiskal Terhadap Disparitas Akses Pendidikan Dasar Di Indonesia, Shinta Doriza, Deniey A. Purwanto, Ernita Maulida
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia
The objective of fiscal decentralization objective in Indonesia is to reduce development disparities. Regarding education development, one crucial issue is access disparity. Using 440 sub provincial database during 2005-2009, this study is aim to analyze the impact of fiscal decentralization in reducing disparity of primary education access. Using fixed-effect model, the result showed that Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK) for Education, DAK Non Education, and Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) have significant impact in reducing education access disparity along with the wealth and regional characteristics. Nonetheless efforts need to be done to optimize the equalization of education access including strengthening the provincial …
Notes On Computational Complexity Of Ge Inequalities,
2012
Yale University
Notes On Computational Complexity Of Ge Inequalities, Donald J. Brown
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
Recently, Cheryche et al. (2011) proved the important negative result that deciding the strong feasibility of the Marshallian equilibrium inequalities, introduced by Brown and Matzkin (1996), is NP-complete. Here, I show that the weak feasibility of the equivalent Hicksian equilibrium inequalities, introduced by Brown and Shannon (2000), can be decided in oracle-polynomial time.
Rethinking Microfinance,
2012
William & Mary Law School
Mexico Consensus Economic Forecast, Volume 15, Number 3,
2012
University of Texas at El Paso
Mexico Consensus Economic Forecast, Volume 15, Number 3, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Adam G. Walke
Departmental Papers (E & F)
No abstract provided.
Perilaku Tabungan Asean 5, Jepang, Cina, Korea, Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ketidakseimbangan Global,
2012
Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia
Perilaku Tabungan Asean 5, Jepang, Cina, Korea, Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ketidakseimbangan Global, Sugiharso Safuan, Heidy Ruswita Sari
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia
The study examines saving behavior in ASEAN 5+3 namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines, Japan, China, and Korea during 1991-2007 and its implication toward global imbalances. By using fixed effect panel data regression, this research shows that government spending, interest rate and inflation, financial development through private domestic credit and stock market capitalization along with the 1997 Asian crisis significantly affect the saving behavior. As a result, a macroeconomic stability through interest rate and inflation, the reinforcement of financial development and crisis anticipation policy are required to support global re-balancing through global saving redistribution.
Estimation And Prediction In The Random Effects Model With Ar(P) Remainder Disturbances,
2012
Syracuse University
Estimation And Prediction In The Random Effects Model With Ar(P) Remainder Disturbances, Badi Baltagi, Long Liu
Center for Policy Research
This paper considers the problem of estimation and forecasting in a panel data model with random individual effects and AR(p) remainder disturbances. It utilizes a simple exact transformation for the AR(p) time series process derived by Baltagi and Li (1994) and obtains the generalized least squares estimator for this panel model as a least squares regression. This exact transformation is also used in conjunction with Goldberger’s (1962) result to derive an analytic expression for the best linear unbiased predictor. The performance of this predictor is investigated using Monte Carlo experiments and illustrated using an empirical example.
Development And Aid In Sub-Saharan Africa,
2012
Swarthmore College
Development And Aid In Sub-Saharan Africa, Stephen A. O'Connell, Lindsay Renée Dolan , '12
Economics Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Using System Dynamics To Contribute To Ecological Economics,
2012
Portland State University
Using System Dynamics To Contribute To Ecological Economics, Takuro Uehara, Yoko Nagase, Wayne Wakeland
Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations
This paper demonstrates the usefulness of the system dynamics approach to the development of ecological economics, the study of the interactions between economic systems and ecological systems. We build and analyze an ecological economic model: an extension of a population–resource dynamics model developed by Brander and Taylor and published in American Economic Review in 1998. The focus of the present paper is on the model building and analysis to contribute to theory building rather than eliciting policy implications from the model. Hence, this is an example of model-based theory building using system dynamics. Our analysis sheds light on several problems …
Sweetening The Deal? Political Connections And Sugar Mills In India,
2012
Dartmouth College
Sweetening The Deal? Political Connections And Sugar Mills In India, Sandip Sukhtankar
Dartmouth Scholarship
Political control of firms is prevalent across the world. Evidence suggests that firms profit from political connections, and politicians derive benefit from control over firms. This paper investigates an alternative mechanism through which politicians may benefit electorally from connected firms, examining sugar mills in India. I find evidence of embezzlement in politically controlled mills during election years, reflected in lower prices paid to farmers for cane. This result complements the literature on political cycles by demonstrating how campaign funds are raised rather than used. Politicians may recompense farmers upon getting elected, possibly explaining how they can get away with pilferage. …
