Synthetic Statocracy - Pakistan’S Self-Created Inferno: Examining The Causes And Consequences Of Military Dominance In Pakistan,
2025
Claremont Colleges
Synthetic Statocracy - Pakistan’S Self-Created Inferno: Examining The Causes And Consequences Of Military Dominance In Pakistan, Umer Lakhani
CMC Senior Theses
This paper examines the history of military rule in Pakistan. Applying the framework of Johannes Gerschewski in The Three Pillars of Stability: Legitimation, Repression and Co-Optation in Autocratic Regimes, this paper looks to explain how military rulers who presided over the three periods of military rule in Pakistan consolidated and maintained their power, as well as the effects that these periods of rule had on Pakistani society. This paper will also supplement Gerschewski’s general framework by applying the findings of various established authors who have been published extensively on Pakistan’s political history, economy and relationship with the military. Such authors …
From Colony To Classroom: British Rule And Contemporary Educational Outcomes In India,
2025
Colby College
From Colony To Classroom: British Rule And Contemporary Educational Outcomes In India, Yashvita Shukla
Honors Theses
This study analyzes the modern day legacy of British colonial ruling structures on Indian educational outcomes. In directly ruled areas, the British retained total control, while Indian princes in indirectly ruled areas had administrative agency. I find that directly ruled districts have higher literate population shares across both genders over three census years, but no significant difference by 2011 in primary, secondary, and tertiary education, controlling for colonial geographic conditions. Gender-disaggregated results generally find stronger colonial effects for women than men. This thesis challenges earlier findings and implies that the British effort to create an educated administrative class and their …
Beyond The Bank Account: Financial Inclusion And Maharashtra's Microenterprises,
2025
Claremont McKenna College
Beyond The Bank Account: Financial Inclusion And Maharashtra's Microenterprises, Kyra F. Variyava
CMC Senior Theses
Financial inclusion has evolved from mere bank account ownership to a broader imperative that encourages the active and consistent use of financial services to cultivate practices of savings and better financial management. Focusing on the underserved communities of Maharashtra’s microenterprise sector, this thesis evaluates the effectiveness of four central financial inclusion schemes: Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana, Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises, Stand-Up India, and Pradhan Mantri Street Vendor’s AtmaNirbhar Nidhi. This thesis develops a four-dimensional evaluative framework, assessing each scheme’s performance in accessibility, awareness and financial literacy efforts, adoption of digital services, and accountability and oversight …
Evaluating The Dual-Faceted Growth Strategies In The Healthcare Sector: A Comparative Analysis Of Organic Innovation And Inorganic Expansion,
2025
Claremont Colleges
Evaluating The Dual-Faceted Growth Strategies In The Healthcare Sector: A Comparative Analysis Of Organic Innovation And Inorganic Expansion, Isabel Carter
CMC Senior Theses
In order to stay competitive in an expansionary industry like healthcare, companies must consistently meet market demands for growth. This paper builds an empirical model to identify which growth strategies are most highly rewarded by the public markets. The model consists of a data set of 70 healthcare companies, across various healthcare verticals, to measure market returns from 2010 to 2023. The number of completed acquisitions is used as a proxy to identify each company’s propensity towards a growth strategy. Factors from the Fama-French Model and dummy variables used to signal growth strategy expertise, indicate that firms who invest more …
Crowding-In Between Public And Private Investment In Developing Countries,
2025
Claremont McKenna College
Crowding-In Between Public And Private Investment In Developing Countries, Wally Bargeron
CMC Senior Theses
The tendency for public investment to crowd-in or crowd-out private investment is the subject of controversy in economic literature. This paper studies the relationship between public and private investment in fixed capital from 1970 to 2019 in 68 developing countries across Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America. I find evidence for a crowding-in relationship between public and private investment overall. The crowding-in effect is larger in countries with high scores for measures of good governance, including a score that measures legal framework for businesses and a score that measures corruption.
The Uncertain Promise Of Foreign Bank Entry: Institutional Quality Effects On The Foreign Bank–Financial Inclusion Nexus,
2025
Claremont McKenna College
The Uncertain Promise Of Foreign Bank Entry: Institutional Quality Effects On The Foreign Bank–Financial Inclusion Nexus, Jason Dedman
CMC Senior Theses
Despite the precipitous rise in foreign bank presence due to ever increasing financial globalization, the literature on the nexus between foreign banks and financial inclusion remains critically underdeveloped. This paper revisits the relationship between foreign bank presence and financial inclusion in emerging and developing economies (EMDEs), extending the methodology of Gopalan and Rajan (2018) by integrating updated ownership data from Panizza (2024) and introducing institutional quality as a moderating variable. Employing both fixed effects and system generalized method of moments on a panel dataset of 128 EMDEs, this study finds that foreign bank presence has a far more ambiguous effect …
The Demand For Educational Functions Of Study Tour Products: From Students’ Perspectives,
2025
Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
The Demand For Educational Functions Of Study Tour Products: From Students’ Perspectives, Yaqi Yu, Azizan Marzuki
Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange (JETDE)
Few academic studies have comprehensively examined the actual demands of students regarding the educational function of study tours. This paper develops a demand index system based on three dimensions: cognitive, affective, and behavioral demands. A questionnaire survey was administered to 397 students. Initially, student demands were categorized using the Kano model. Subsequently, the “dependence” and “expectancy” characteristics were analyzed through the dissatisfaction index (DI) and satisfaction index (SI). The impact of fulfilling each demand on dissatisfaction and satisfaction levels was then determined. The results indicated that among the three dimensions, there were 7 must-be demands, 6 one-dimensional demands, 8 attractive …
Women On Boards Annual Monitoring Report 2024,
2025
American University in Cairo
Women On Boards Annual Monitoring Report 2024, Center For Entrepreneurship And Innovation
Faculty Books
The AUC Egypt women on boards monitoring report is issued annually to track and monitor the presence and representation of women on boards towards meeting the goal of having 30% women on boards by 2030. The importance of improving representation of women on boards stems from the fact that it is one of the good governance pillars, in addition to the positive impact on firm performance and profitability. The National Strategy for the Empowerment of Egyptian Women 2030 has accordingly promoted for increasing the leadership roles of women and holding key positions in public institutions and companies, setting the target …
The Effect Of Regime Type On Development Outcomes In Bangladesh,
2025
Scripps College
The Effect Of Regime Type On Development Outcomes In Bangladesh, Simar Malhotra
Scripps Senior Theses
Bangladesh has been characterized by a turbulent political state since gaining its independence in 1971, moving back and forth between a democracy and autocracy. With this, they have also experienced immense gains in development over the last thirty years, especially within health, education, and female empowerment. This thesis exploits Bangladesh’s unique regime-switching setting to measure the impact of a shift from autocracy to democracy on child health, maternal health, and women’s autonomy within a single-country context. Using data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) Program, the analysis finds that a shift from an autocracy to a democracy increases the …
Mengurai Dimensi Kemiskinan Di Riau: Pendekatan Multidimensional Dan Dampaknya Pada Pembangunan,
2025
Program Magister Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Riau, Riau, Indonesia
Mengurai Dimensi Kemiskinan Di Riau: Pendekatan Multidimensional Dan Dampaknya Pada Pembangunan, Any Widayatsari, Harlen Harlen, Desi Damaiyanti, Misdawita Misdawita
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia
Poverty issues have always been in the world spotlight. Monetary poverty measurements are considered only to be able to capture a small part of the various poverty issues, so measurements involving multidimensions are needed. This study attempts to measure poverty based on multiple levels of deprivation experienced by people in Riau Province. This study uses aspects of health, education, and standard of living. The results of the study show that all indicators simultaneously have a significant impact on monetary poverty. These indicators are calorie and protein consumption, length of schooling, school sustainability, and housing-related indicators. In addition, differences were also …
Venezuela's And Mexico's Oil Industries: Policy Making Sets The Course,
2025
University of Central Florida
Venezuela's And Mexico's Oil Industries: Policy Making Sets The Course, Camila Gimenez Valero
Honors Undergraduate Theses
The puzzle of Venezuela's crisis is one that researchers often try to understand. How did one of the richest nations in the world become one of the poorest? Venezuela is nowadays seen as a country with political unrest, where people struggle to get by and with a corrupt government. However, this was not always the case. Throughout the 20th century Venezuela had remarkable economic stability. Having discovered the world's largest known oil reserves, the nation's economy quickly developed, and the country also became known for its long-standing democracy. After the election of Hugo Chavez in 1998, Venezuela began to decline …
Cross-Generational Perception Analysis Of The Role Of Sharia Economics In Reducing Social Inequality In Jakarta (Case Study Of Gen Z, Gen Y, Gen X, And Early Gen X),
2024
Faculty of Economics and Business, Al Azhar University Indonesia
Cross-Generational Perception Analysis Of The Role Of Sharia Economics In Reducing Social Inequality In Jakarta (Case Study Of Gen Z, Gen Y, Gen X, And Early Gen X), Kuncoro Hadi, Nuraini Nuraini
Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies
This study aims to analyze cross-generational perceptions of the role of Islamic economics in reducing social inequality in Jakarta. Using a quantitative approach, this study collected data from 994 respondents divided into four age groups (18-25 years, 26-35 years, 36-45 years, and 46-55 years). Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test to evaluate differences in perceptions between age groups on the basic principles of Islamic economics, the fairness of the system, and the effectiveness of its implementation. The results showed significant differences in understanding and perception between age groups, with 26-35 years old having the highest level of understanding. The …
External Financing, Governance, And Infrastructure Development: Evidence From Sub-Saharan Africa,
2024
North-West University, South Africa
External Financing, Governance, And Infrastructure Development: Evidence From Sub-Saharan Africa, Afees Oluwashina Noah, Oladipo Olalekan David
CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development
Infrastructure development in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) requires diversified financing strategies to address a significant funding shortfall that cannot be met by domestic resources alone. This research evaluates the contributions of external financing—namely Official Development Assistance (ODA), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and Private Participation in Infrastructure (PPI)—in complementing domestic efforts to advance infrastructure in SSA. It examines their influence, alongside governance, on the development of physical and social infrastructure components. Employing methodologies such as Panel-Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) and System Generalized Method of Moments (SGMM) across 43 SSA economies from 2000 to 2022, the analysis reveals that FDI substantially enhances physical …
Effects Of Monetary Policy On Economic Growth: Evidence From Some Developing And Developed Economies,
2024
Southern Illinois University Carbondale
Effects Of Monetary Policy On Economic Growth: Evidence From Some Developing And Developed Economies, Collins Anosike
Journal of Global Awareness
The study examined the effects of monetary policy on the economic growth of some developing and developed economies. This study selected 33 countries grouped into 11 each as first-group, second-group, and third-group countries and showed how monetary policy has influenced their economic growth in the past 40 years, capturing the economic growth performances before and after the global financial crisis. This study is unique because it captures a broader range of countries compared to previous studies, uses updated data, and shows how monetary policy is transmitted through bank lending and financial intermediation. Furthermore, we use panel data and employ fixed …
Takaful Insurance Industries In Supporting Sustainable Socio-Economic Development In Indonesia,
2024
Sriwijaya University, Indonesia
Takaful Insurance Industries In Supporting Sustainable Socio-Economic Development In Indonesia, Fera Widyanata, Rasyida Pertiwi, Ahmad Syathiri
Journal of Global Awareness
Over the past four years, the demand for Takaful (Islamic insurance) among Indonesians has risen. Health Takaful has emerged as the most popular, followed by educational Takaful. Health and education are parts of the Human Development Index (HDI) and are closely related to building a stronger foundation for Indonesia's economic development. This study aims to enhance the Islamic finance ecosystem's impact on achieving SDGs, focusing on health (SDG 3), education (SDG 4), and economic growth (SDG 8), which are crucial for Indonesia's development. It discovers a causal relationship between the takaful industry and improvements in the health sector and …
Notes From The Editor,
2024
Tobin College of Business, St. John's University, New York City, USA
From Rural Fields To Urban Kitchens: Structural Change And The Decline Of Women's Work In India,
2024
Yale University
From Rural Fields To Urban Kitchens: Structural Change And The Decline Of Women's Work In India, Michael Peters, Pamela Torola, Lindsey Uniat, Fabrizio Zilibotti
Discussion Papers
India’s GDP per capita grew threefold between 1987 and 2019, coinciding with rapid urbanization. During this period, female labor force participation (FLFP) declined significantly. Consistent with this observation, we document a pronounced urban-rural participation gap, where FLFP is higher in poorer, rural labor markets. Using time-use data, we show that this is primarily driven by an extensive margin: in rural districts, women often engage in part-time activities, typically related to agriculture and informal family businesses. These activities are less common in urban areas, where some women take formal jobs, but a larger share withdraws from the labor market to focus …
Working Paper No. 86, The Evolution Of Japan's Economy,
2024
Portland State University
Working Paper No. 86, The Evolution Of Japan's Economy, Kasandra Reyes Fernandez
Working Papers in Economics
This inquiry seeks to establish that already from its feudal era characterized by fiefdoms and kingdoms to its development as a modern nation- state, Japan’s economic history reveals discernible variants of capitalism. Highlighting these variants assist us in defining distinct eras that also offer the observer a sense of the evolution of Japan’s economy. In advancing this thesis, the first part considers differences between variants of capitalism found in the Tokugawa Era and, after 1868, what is designated as the Meiji Era. The focus shall be on the economic foundations of the Tokugawa shogunate versus the nascent industrialization during the …
Effect Of Violent Conflict On Female Decisionmaking Power Within The Household,
2024
PhD Scholar, Department of Economics, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE), Islamabad
Effect Of Violent Conflict On Female Decisionmaking Power Within The Household, Shagufta Sultana
CBER Conference
Women decision-making power within the household is an important component of women empowerment. In recent studies, the effect of violent conflict on women’s decision-making power has become an evolving topic in literature. The current study is an attempt to unleash the effect of terrorist attacks on women’s decision-making within the household in the case of Pakistan. The study examined the impact of terrorist attacks on women’s decision making power during the surge and after the surge in the violent conflict. The study selected the three rounds of data from the Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) 2005-06, 2013- 14 and 2018-19. …
Impact Of Multilateral Aid On Female Access To Education And Employment: A Spatiotemporal Analysis Of World Bank (Wb) Aid Projects In Pakistan,
2024
Dean’s Fellow and Lecturer, Social Development and Policy, Habib University, Karachi
Impact Of Multilateral Aid On Female Access To Education And Employment: A Spatiotemporal Analysis Of World Bank (Wb) Aid Projects In Pakistan, Muhammad Ashar Khan, Zashir Naqvi, Saba Nisar Soomro
CBER Conference
Since becoming a member in 1950, Pakistan has received around $40 Billion in development assistance from the World Bank (World Bank, 2023). The current portfolio under the ongoing assistance program includes 58 projects, amounting to about $15 Billion across different provinces and districts (World Bank, 2023). A number of these projects, especially pertaining to economic inclusion, are centered around fostering women's empowerment for sustainable and inclusive economic growth and ending extreme poverty in developing countries. According to WB’s “Gender Strategy 2030”, in line with Sustainable Development Goal 5, one key feature of its assistance is to help overcome “resource” and …
