Growth and Development Commons^™

Working Paper No. 87, The Double-Edged Sword Of American Philanthropy, Nathan Lewis-Lusso

Working Papers in Economics

This inquiry seeks to establish that American philanthropy, often hailed as a moral virtue, is in part a reflection of systemic policy failures that have forced private individuals to address public needs. While one blade of the philanthropic sword has historically provided essential support in areas such as education, healthcare, and poverty alleviation, the other blade of the sword has also allowed for wealthy individuals to shape public priorities, often reinforcing existing inequalities. By analyzing the historical development of philanthropy, its role in addressing policy gaps, and its potential in undermining democratic governance, this inquiry highlights the complex and often …

Analysis Of Systematic Trade-Offs Between Military And Healthcare Expenditure Alongside Gdp Growth Of Select Asian And Western Exporting Economies In The 21st Century, Rahul Balamurugan, Carlos Gershenson, Preethi Nanjundan, Hiroki Sayama

Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)

This study explores the complexity in the trade-offs between military expenditure, healthcare expenditure, and GDP growth across select Asian nations and major weapon-exporting countries, examining how nations allocate finite resources between national security and human well-being over the past two decades. Using a systems science approach, the research integrates Granger causality testing to analyze temporal and directional relationships among GDP growth, military expenditure, and healthcare expenditure, uncovering their dynamic interdependencies. The methodology includes trend and slope analysis, Granger causality testing, outlier detection, and clustering to identify heterogeneity in resource allocation strategies. Developed, weapon-exporting nations exhibit complementary trends, with strong causality …

A New Induction Proof Of The Gibbard-Satterthwaite Theorem, Sarvesh Bandhu, Rohit Kumar

Working Papers

In this paper, we provide a new induction proof of the Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem, where the induction argument builds on n = 1 rather than the existing proofs using n = 2. The provided proof is much shorter, and the arguments are very intuitive, which will be helpful in teaching and for beginners in this field.

Queueing Problem With Dynamic And Heterogeneous Opportunity Costs, Sarvesh Bandhu, Parikshit De, Devwrat Dube

Working Papers

We study queueing problems in which agents have heterogeneous per-period waiting costs (their private information), which can vary with queue position and are thus dynamic. Our goal is to implement a Rawlsian allocation rule that minimises the maximum of individual waiting costs among all agents. Under complete information, we introduce the Just Algorithm, a simple method that always selects a Rawlsian queue. However, in settings with incomplete information where agents possess multidimensional private types i.e., the vector of their per-period waiting costs for each period, we prove that no Dominant Strategy Incentive-Compatible (DSIC) mechanism can implement the Rawlsian queueing rule …

Impact Of Foreign Remittances, Foreign Direct Investment And Financial Development On Human Development Of Selected Asian Countries, Sumra Khalid, Ayesha Rehan, Bushra F. Malik

Accounting, Business Analytics, Economics, and Finance Department Faculty Articles

Foreign remittances play a contributing role in determining the growth potential of the nations of the world. Considering its significant role, the existing research has analyzed the major factors affecting the economic growth of some selected Asian nations. The data was utilized from 2005 to 2020 in some selected Asian countries. Human development was used as the dependent variable. However, foreign remittances, financial development and foreign direct investment, trade openness and labor force participation rate were taken as independent variables. The OLS regression results indicated that foreign remittances, foreign direct investment, and financial development led to enhanced nations' human development. …

Implementing Efficiency With Equality, Sarvesh Bandhu, Ratul Lahkar

Working Papers

We consider the implementation of efficiency with minimum inequality in a large population model of negative externalities. Formally, the model is one of tragedy of the commons with the aggregate strategy at the efficient state being lower than at the Nash equilibrium. A planner can restore efficiency by imposing an externality equivalent tax and then redistributing the tax revenue as transfers to lower inequality. We characterize the payment scheme that minimizes inequality, as measured by the Gini coefficient, at the efficient state subject to incentive compatibility and budget balance. We then construct a mechanism that implements efficiency with minimum inequality …

Gender Inequality And Productivity Impact In Egypt, Hammad Elsaid Omar

The Undergraduate Research Journal

This study examines the relationship between gender inequality in Egypt's workforce and productivity across various sectors. Utilizing a comparative research design, the analysis employs quantitative data from sources such as the World Bank and the International Labor Organization. Key indicators of gender inequality—including the gender pay gap, the percentage of women in managerial positions, and female labor force participation rates—are correlated with productivity metrics like GDP per capita and productivity per employee (Figure 3). Findings reveal a strong negative correlation between the gender pay gap and productivity, with sectors exhibiting smaller pay disparities achieving higher productivity levels. Regression analysis indicates …

The Jamaica Now Leadership Council: A Study Of Stakeholder Participation In The Revitalization Of Downtown Jamaica, Queens, Melva M. Miller

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Urban revitalization in the United States has often been characterized by uneven community development, where marginalized communities bear the costs while receiving limited benefits. This dissertation examines how the dynamics of stakeholder participation impacts the practice of Community Economic Development (CED), focusing on the Jamaica Now Leadership Council (JNLC) as a case study. Formed to oversee the Jamaica Now Neighborhood Action Plan, the JNLC represents a model of inclusive, stakeholder-driven urban development aimed at addressing historical disinvestment and promoting equitable economic growth in Downtown Jamaica, Queens.

The study explores how power dynamics, stakeholder histories, and role expectations shape participation in …

The Cashew Nut Industry In Mongu District: Origins, Development, And Impact, 1972–2011, Namushi Situtu

Zambia Social Science Journal

This article explores the contribution of the cashew nut industry to the economic development of Mongu district. The industry was introduced in Mongu district after the Zambian government embarked on the creation of agricultural schemes to reduce the economic imbalance, inherited from the colonial government, between urban and rural areas. The new United National Independence Party government, which came to power in 1964, wanted to develop rural areas through an improved peasantry class. This led to the establishment of agricultural schemes in various rural parts of the country. Due to the sandy terrain of Mongu district, the cashew nut industry …

Has The Iasb Successfully Achieved Its Stated Goals? A Literature Synthesis And Theoretical Model, Stephen B. Salter, Hong Kim Duong, Gaurav Gupta

Accounting Faculty Publications

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) has been successful in achieving its stated objective of enhancing the comparability of financial reports produced across the globe. According to IFRS.org, "IFRS Accounting Standards bring transparency by enhancing the international comparability and quality of financial information, enabling investors and other market participants to make informed economic decisions." To meet our research objective, we summarize the research on international financial reporting standards (IFRS) found in seven relevant ABDC A and A* journals for 2016-2021. Based on the examination of published research, we create a model …

Renewable Energy And Economic Growth: Evidence From A Global Panel Data Analysis Of Advanced And Emerging Economies, Ryan A. Campbell

Soaring: A Journal of Undergraduate Research

This study assesses the impact of renewable energy consumption on economic growth using a global panel dataset of 136 advanced and emerging and developing economies. Drawing on classifications from the International Monetary Fund, it employs econometric modeling to analyze the long-term effects of renewable energy consumption on economic output and development, while also examining how returns differ based on a country's level of economic development. The results indicate that while renewable energy consumption initially incurs costs for all economies, emerging and developing economies generally experience more moderate returns compared to advanced economies, which ultimately realize greater economic benefits in the …

The Causes And Impact Of Evictions In Southern Nevada, Mohit Pande

Student Research

As the Southern Nevada region continues to quickly grow, evictions have become a structural feature of the region’s rental market. The region has one of the highest eviction filing rates in the country and this trend has continued to increase in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. This paper examines the availability of market-rate affordable housing and the expansion of subsidized affordable housing to understand how the local housing conditions contribute to the number of evictions in Southern Nevada. Additionally, the paper studies local legal processes, such as the summary eviction system and habitability procedures, to understand the relationship between …

Electric Commuter Rail Access In Residential Communities: A Hedonic Analysis Case Study Of Nonmarket Value Creation, Catherine A. Sunding

Scripps Senior Theses

This study quantifies the price impact on houses of a new electric commuter rail line outside of Denver, Colorado. I find a negative price impact corresponding to increased accessibility and proximity of homes to the rail stations due to the negative externalities associated with the track. I also discover an even larger negative price impact of the rail stations in the years before the stations opened to the public, indicating possible endogeneity in the location of the rail line. I attempt to account for this endogeneity using instrumental variable analysis due to a limitation of house pricing data before 2016.

From Colony To Classroom: British Rule And Contemporary Educational Outcomes In India, Yashvita Shukla

Honors Theses

This study analyzes the modern day legacy of British colonial ruling structures on Indian educational outcomes. In directly ruled areas, the British retained total control, while Indian princes in indirectly ruled areas had administrative agency. I find that directly ruled districts have higher literate population shares across both genders over three census years, but no significant difference by 2011 in primary, secondary, and tertiary education, controlling for colonial geographic conditions. Gender-disaggregated results generally find stronger colonial effects for women than men. This thesis challenges earlier findings and implies that the British effort to create an educated administrative class and their …

Synthetic Statocracy - Pakistan’S Self-Created Inferno: Examining The Causes And Consequences Of Military Dominance In Pakistan, Umer Lakhani

CMC Senior Theses

This paper examines the history of military rule in Pakistan. Applying the framework of Johannes Gerschewski in The Three Pillars of Stability: Legitimation, Repression and Co-Optation in Autocratic Regimes, this paper looks to explain how military rulers who presided over the three periods of military rule in Pakistan consolidated and maintained their power, as well as the effects that these periods of rule had on Pakistani society. This paper will also supplement Gerschewski’s general framework by applying the findings of various established authors who have been published extensively on Pakistan’s political history, economy and relationship with the military. Such authors …

China’S Economic Slowdown: How Does It Affect New Zealand’S Economy?, Haven Qin

CMC Senior Theses

This paper examines the impact of China’s economic slowdown on New Zealand’s economy, focusing on sector-specific linkages across real estate, the stock market, exports, and import prices. As a small open economy, New Zealand’s deep integration with global markets makes it particularly vulnerable to external shocks from its largest trading partner. Employing OLS regression models and monthly economic data, this study reveals the nuanced pathways through which China’s economic conditions influence New Zealand. Key findings include the sensitivity of New Zealand’s housing market to Chinese property investments and Chinese stock market performance, the influence of Chinese financial market performance on …

Evaluating The Dual-Faceted Growth Strategies In The Healthcare Sector: A Comparative Analysis Of Organic Innovation And Inorganic Expansion, Isabel Carter

CMC Senior Theses

In order to stay competitive in an expansionary industry like healthcare, companies must consistently meet market demands for growth. This paper builds an empirical model to identify which growth strategies are most highly rewarded by the public markets. The model consists of a data set of 70 healthcare companies, across various healthcare verticals, to measure market returns from 2010 to 2023. The number of completed acquisitions is used as a proxy to identify each company’s propensity towards a growth strategy. Factors from the Fama-French Model and dummy variables used to signal growth strategy expertise, indicate that firms who invest more …

The Uncertain Promise Of Foreign Bank Entry: Institutional Quality Effects On The Foreign Bank–Financial Inclusion Nexus, Jason Dedman

CMC Senior Theses

Despite the precipitous rise in foreign bank presence due to ever increasing financial globalization, the literature on the nexus between foreign banks and financial inclusion remains critically underdeveloped. This paper revisits the relationship between foreign bank presence and financial inclusion in emerging and developing economies (EMDEs), extending the methodology of Gopalan and Rajan (2018) by integrating updated ownership data from Panizza (2024) and introducing institutional quality as a moderating variable. Employing both fixed effects and system generalized method of moments on a panel dataset of 128 EMDEs, this study finds that foreign bank presence has a far more ambiguous effect …

Beyond The Bank Account: Financial Inclusion And Maharashtra's Microenterprises, Kyra F. Variyava

CMC Senior Theses

Financial inclusion has evolved from mere bank account ownership to a broader imperative that encourages the active and consistent use of financial services to cultivate practices of savings and better financial management. Focusing on the underserved communities of Maharashtra’s microenterprise sector, this thesis evaluates the effectiveness of four central financial inclusion schemes: Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana, Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises, Stand-Up India, and Pradhan Mantri Street Vendor’s AtmaNirbhar Nidhi. This thesis develops a four-dimensional evaluative framework, assessing each scheme’s performance in accessibility, awareness and financial literacy efforts, adoption of digital services, and accountability and oversight …

How The Expansion Of The Egyptian Tech Sector Can Attract Foreign Investment, Mohamed Hany Eldeib

The Undergraduate Research Journal

Egypt’s growing tech sector presents a significant opportunity to attract foreign direct investment (FDI), foster economic growth, and address critical challenges such as unemployment and skill gaps. This research examines how expanding the tech sector and implementing key policy reforms can position Egypt as an attractive hub for technology and innovation. Drawing on Paul Romer’s Endogenous Growth Theory—which underscores the role of innovation, human capital, and knowledge spillovers in driving sustained economic growth—this study explores how these elements, combined with investments in infrastructure and workforce development, contribute to Egypt’s competitiveness. Comparative insights from countries such as Vietnam and India further …