Economic Theory Commons^™

The Dynamics Of Men's Cooperation And Social Status In A Small-Scale Society, Christopher Von Rueden, Daniel Redhead, Rick O'Gorman, Hillard Kaplan, Michael Gurven

ESI Publications

We propose that networks of cooperation and allocation of social status co-emerge in human groups. We substantiate this hypothesis with one of the first longitudinal studies of cooperation in a preindustrial society, spanning 8 years. Using longitudinal social network analysis of cooperation among men, we find large effects of kinship, reciprocity and transitivity in the nomination of cooperation partners over time. Independent of these effects, we show that (i) higher-status individuals gain more cooperation partners, and (ii) individuals gain status by cooperating with individuals of higher status than themselves. We posit that human hierarchies are more egalitarian relative to other …

Essays On Human Capital Formation In Developing Countries, Alexander Sergeevich Ugarov

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Differences in human capital explain approximately one-half of the productivity variation across countries. Therefore, we need to understand drivers of human capital accumulation in order to design successful development policies. My dissertation studies formation and use of human capital with emphasis on its less tangible forms, including skills, abilities and know-how.

The first chapter of my dissertation explores the effects of occupational and educational barriers on human capital stock and aggregate productivity. I find that students' academic skills have very small impact on occupational choice in most developing countries. This finding suggests a higher incidence of occupational barriers in developing …

Fields And Consumer Groups: The Layered And Overlapping Roles Of Culture, Brandon James Mcalexander

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The first essay investigates Bourdieu’s conceptualization of fields and its use in the marketing literature. It suggests that fields do not exist in isolation, but rather work together in a number of different possible configurations. Fields are reconceptualized as dominated, overlapped, unrelated, contrasted, and co-constituted, rather than completely distinct and opens a new theoretical space for interpretive researchers in marketing. The second essay is a descriptive ethnography of a local fab lab. The essay describes in rich detail the ways in which new skills are developed in a shared work environment, and contextualizes the findings using practice theory as a …

Co-Enforcement Of Common Pool Resources: Experimental Evidence From Turfs In Chile, Carlos A. Chávez, James J. Murphy, John K. Stranlund

ESI Working Papers

This work presents the results of framed field experiments designed to study the co-enforcement of access to common pool resources. The experiments were conducted in the field with participants in the territorial use rights in fisheries (TURFs) management scheme that regulates access to nearshore fisheries along the coast of Chile. In the experiments, TURF members not only decided on harvest but also invested in monitoring to deter poaching by outsiders. Treatments varied whether the monitoring investment was an individual decision or determined by a group vote. Per-unit sanctions for poaching were exogenous as if provided by a government authority, and …

Kinship Ties Across The Lifespan In Human Communities, Jeremy Koster, Dieter Lukas, David Nolin, Eleanor Power, Alexandra Alvergne, Ruth Mace, Cody T. Ross, Karen Kramer, Russell Graves, Mark Caudell, Shane Macfarlan, Eric Schniter, Robert Quinlan, Siobhan Mattison, Adam Reynolds, Chun Yi-Sim, Eric Massengill

ESI Publications

A hypothesis for the evolution of long post-reproductive lifespans in the human lineage involves asymmetries in relatedness between young immigrant females and the older females in their new groups. In these circumstances, inter-generational reproductive conflicts between younger and older females are predicted to resolve in favor of the younger females, who realize fewer inclusive fitness benefits from ceding reproduction to others. This conceptual model anticipates that immigrants to a community initially have few kin ties to others in the group, gradually showing greater relatedness to group members as they have descendants who remain with them in the group. We examine …

Nonlinear Price Dynamics Of S&P 100 Stocks, Gunduz Caginalp, Mark Desantis

ESI Publications

The methodology presented provides a quantitative way to characterize investor behavior and price dynamics within a particular asset class and time period. The methodology is applied to a data set consisting of over 250,000 data points of the S&P 100 stocks during 2004-2018. Using a two-way fixed-effects model, we uncover trader motivations including evidence of both under- and overreaction within a unified setting. A nonlinear relationship is found between return and trend suggesting a small, positive trend increases the return, while a larger one tends to decrease it. The shape parameters of the nonlinearity quantify trader motivation to buy into …

Random Mechanism Design On Multidimensional Domains, Shurojit Chatterji, Huaxia Zeng

Research Collection School Of Economics

We study random mechanism design in an environment where the set of alternatives has a Cartesian product structure. We first show that all generalized random dictatorships are strategy-proof on a minimally rich domain if and only if the domain is a top-separable domain. We next generalize the notion of connectedness (Monjardet, 2009) to establish a particular class of top-separable domains: connected domains, and show that in the class of minimally rich and connected domains, the multidimensional single-peakedness restriction is necessary and sufficient for the design of a flexible random social choice function that is unanimous and strategy-proof. Such a flexible …

Equivalence Of Stochastic And Deterministic Mechanisms, Yi-Chun Chen, Jiangtao Li, Jiangtao Li, Yeneng Sun

Research Collection School Of Economics

We consider a general social choice environment that has multiple agents, a finite set of alternatives, independent types, and atomless type distribution. We show that for any Bayesian incentive compatible mechanism, there exists an equivalent deterministic mechanism that (1) is Bayesian incentive compatible; (2) delivers the same interim expected allocation probabilities and the same interim expected utilities for all agents; and (3) delivers the same ex ante expected social surplus. This result holds in settings with a rich class of utility functions, multidimensional types, interdependent valuations, and in settings without monetary transfers. To prove our result, we develop a novel …

Limit Theory For Moderate Deviation From Integrated Garch Processes, Yubo Tao

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper develops the limit theory of the GARCH(1,1) process that moderately deviates from IGARCH process towards both stationary and explosive regimes. The asymptotic theory extends Berkes et al. (2005) by allowing the parameters to have a slower rate of convergence. The results can be applied to unit root test for processes with mildly-integrated GARCH innovations (e.g. Boswijk (2001), Cavaliere and Taylor (2007, 2009)) and deriving limit theory of estimators for models involving mildly-integrated GARCH processes (e.g. Jensen and Rahbek (2004), Francq and Zakoïan (2012, 2013).

The Effect Of Social Information In The Dictator Game With A Taking Option, Tanya O'Garra, Valerio Capraro, Praveen Kujal

ESI Working Papers

We experimentally study how redistribution choices are affected by positive and negative information regarding the behaviour of a previous participant in a dictator game with a taking option. We use the strategy method to identify behavioural ‘types’, and thus distinguish ‘conformists’ from ‘counter-conformists’, and unconditional choosers. Unconditional choosers make up the greatest proportion of types (about 80%) while only about 20% of subjects condition their responses to social information. We find that both conformity and counter-conformity are driven by a desire to be seen as moral (the ‘symbolization’ dimension of moral identity). The main difference is that, conformity is also …

Cournot Marked The Turn From Classical To Neoclassical Thinking, Vernon L. Smith, Sabiou M. Inoua

ESI Working Papers

For classical economists, markets served the highest value buyers without anyone in the market needing to know that it was possible to write aggregate buyer reservation prices in the form, D = F (p). Cournot, thereby launched neoclassical economics as modelling and thinking of economic action in terms of their outcome effects, rather than their roots in human experience.

Classical Economics: Lost And Found, Sabiou M. Inoua, Vernon Smith

ESI Working Papers

"We argue that neoclassical value theory suffers from a more basic and serious logical indeterminacy, which is inherent in the axiom of price-taking behavior, and which renders price dynamics indeterminate before inquiring as to its stability. If everyone in the economy takes price as given, whence come these prices? Who is giving these prices? Jevons avoided the indeterminacy by assuming that people must have complete information on supply and demand, and the consequent equilibrium prices—‘perfect competition.’ Walras in effect imported an external agent who found the prices by trial-and-error-correction (the Walrasian Auctioneer). Paradoxically, both approaches had the potential better to …

Analisa Produk Asuransi Minyak Dan Gas Bumi Dalam Kegiatan Oprasional Usaha Hulu Offshore Pertamina, Kuncoro Haryo Pribadi, Annisa Pratiwi

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

Indonesia as a country that has a lot of natural wealth and natural beauty is famous to reach all corners of the world. Many mining goods owned by the Indonesian nation include: petroleum, gold, silver, nickel, manganese, wood and so on as well as the largest natural gas owned by Indonesia in the world. Thus, we must also be able to make use of the riches wisely and be used as well as possible to be used for the prosperity of the people. The government made various regulations to open mining, process mining products and obtain mining products and channel …

Analisis Faktor-Faktor Pada Pelayanan Tempat Usaha Ritel Indomaret Di Kelurahan Kukusan Depok, Mohammad Ridha, Winda Rohmatul Mardiananingrum

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

Retail industry in Indonesia in recent years experiencing sluggishness due to the rapid growth of online business. Already seen some department stores like Matahari and Lotus has closed its outlets. While this is detected a significant decrease is the fashion retail garment business, and began to affect other sectors such as electronics and furniture. The onslaught of entrepreneurs can also threaten the conventional retail industry in food and household needs such as hypermarkets, supermarkets and convenience stores. The online entrepreneurs have started selling food through social media such as instagram and facebook. The strength of conventional retail business is the …

Key Factors In Implementing Knowledge Management System Based On Project Management (Case Study Pusilkom Ui), Fikri Akbarsyah Anza

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

Digital transformation in every public sector (E-government) already happened this past year. Though, from many IT Projects that previously ran, in average only 15% projects that can be said succeed. Many projects that failed caused by bad strategic and planning, bad management of human resources, lack of technological preparation, lousy implementation without proper preparation and proper acceptance testing. IT Projects are very costly, so we need to handle those problems with appropriate project management. One of the best ways to realize appropriate project management is using a project management system that can utilize proper knowledge management as well. Using post-positivism …

Perhitungan Biaya Satuan Metode Tradisional, Metode Activity Based Costin Studi Kasus : Klinik Hemodialisa Depok, Supriadi Supriadi

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

The purpose of the study is to compare the unit cost calculation method between the Activity Based Costing (ABC) method and the Traditional method. The object used is Hemodialysis (HD) service in a Hemodialysis Clinic in Depok, West Java. This research is a descriptive study, where the data used is secondary data from financial and non-financial records during January 2018 to December 2018 from the HD Clinic. This data is processed to determine the HD service unit costs using 2 methods namely the ABC and Traditional methods. The results of unit cost calculations using 2 methods do not make a …

Analisis Kesiapan Pengimplementasian Ifrs 17 Pada Perusahaan Perasuransian Di Indonesia, Calista Riva Muskitta, Karin Amelia Safitri

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

After a few years, precisely in 2017 the IASB issued IFRS 17 which was the new standard for insurance contracts. This standard improves the shortcomings contained in IFRS 4. The IASB sets limits on the application of IFRS 17 in 2021 with early adoption allowed. This study discusses the readiness analysis of insurance companies in Indonesia applying and adopting IFRS 17 and reviewing the comparison of financial statement calculations using IFRS 4 and IFRS 17. The methodology used in this study, namely the Research Methodology Library Study. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that if …

Mekanisme Pengkreditan Pajak Pertambahan Nilai Atas Faktur Pajak Masukan Manual, Hadining Kusumastuti, Era Novia Putri

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

This research aims to discusses the mechanism of crediting of Input Tax on Manual Tax Invoice by Taxable Enterprise who have used e-Faktur according to Fiskus and response from PT XYZ on SP2DK issued by Fiskus and Crediting Input Tax system according to the prevailing taxation regulation. The results of the analysis can be concluded that according to Fiskus on Manual Tax Invoice cannot be Tax Credit on e-Faktur, while PT XYZ has responded that the transaction opponents has not yet required to issued Electronic Tax Invoice and according to the prevailing taxation regulation, as long as the Tax Invoice …

Analisis Tingkat Kesadaran Mahasiswa Terhadap Pentingnya Sertifikasi Profesi, Mila Viendyasari, Wahyu Nofiantoro

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

The long-term goal of this research is to be useful for stakeholders at the University of Indonesia and assist The University of Indonesia Professional Certification Intitute. The first target is specifically for the research to be an input for Certification Bofies and University of Indonesian lecturers to always improve socialization regarding the importance of Professional Certification. Secondly, so that students are more aware of the importance of professional certification. This study used descriptive analysis method which aims to provide an overview of an object of research under study through collected samples or data and make generally accepted conclution. The sample …

Perhitungan Cadangan Premi Asuransi Jiwa Dengan Metode Gross Premium Valuation (Gpv), Yulial Hikmah, Halimah Hakeem Khuzaimah

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

Life and general insurance companies must meet the financial health level requirements contained in the Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 71 of 2016, namely sovability, technical reserves, investment adequacy, equity, guarantee funds, and other provisions relating to financial health. The Gross Premium Evaluation (GPV) method is one way to calculate premium reserves. The purpose of this study is to provide information on the mechanism of calculating life insurance premiums using the Gross Premium Valuation (GPV) method using the Indonesian Mortality Table and Corporate Modified Mortality Table. From these results, it is found that the more ideal premium reserves are premium …