Economic Theory Commons^™

The Influence Of Food Recommendations: Evidence From A Randomized Field Experiment, Kamal Bookwala, Caleb Gallemore, Joaquín Gómez-Miñambres

ESI Working Papers

We report results from a randomized field experiment conducted at two food festivals. Our primary aim is to assess the impact of two types of recommendations commonly observed in food settings: most popular and chef’s choice. Subjects select a cupcake from a binary menu. The two options, offered by the same bakery, are the best seller in the bakery and the baker’s recommended cupcake. Our treatments manipulate whether the recommendation is disclosed in tandem with the cupcakes in the menu. We find that the most popular is the only recommendation that statistically significantly increased consumers’ demand relative to …

On Incentive Compatible, Individually Rational Public Good Provision Mechanisms, Takashi Kunimoto, Cuiling Zhang

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper characterizes mechanisms satisfying incentive compatibility and individual rationality in the classical public good provision problem. Many papers in the literature obtain the results in the so-called standard model of ex ante identical agents with a continuous, closed interval of types. The main contribution of this paper is the characterization of the budget-surplus maximizing mechanism satisfying incentive compatibility and individual rationality (Theorem 1 for Bayesian implementation and Theorem 3 for dominant strategy implementation) that applies to a finite discretization over the standard model. Making use of the proposed budget-surplus maximizing mechanisms, we show that some known results do not …

Very Low Prevalence And Incidence Of Atrial Fibrillation Among Bolivian Forager-Farmers, Christopher J. Rowan, Michael A. Eskander, Edmond Seabright, Daniel Eid Rodriguez, Edhitt Cortez Linares, Raul Quispe Gutierrez, Juan Copajira Adrian, Daniel Cummings, Bret Beheim, Kirsten Tolstrup, Abinash Achrekar, Thomas Kraft, David E. Michalik, Michael I. Miyamoto, Adel H. Allam, L. Samuel Wann, Jagat Narula, Benjamin C. Trumble, Jonathan Stieglitz, Randall C. Thompson, Gregory S. Thomas, Hillard S. Kaplan, Michael D. Gurven

ESI Publications

Background: Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in post-industrialized populations. Older age, hypertension, obesity, chronic inflammation, and diabetes are significant atrial fibrillation risk factors, suggesting that modern urban environments may promote atrial fibrillation.

Objective: Here we assess atrial fibrillation prevalence and incidence among tropical horticulturalists of the Bolivian Amazon with high levels of physical activity, a lean diet, and minimal coronary atherosclerosis, but also high infectious disease burden and associated inflammation.

Methods: Between 2005–2019, 1314 Tsimane aged 40–94 years (52% female) and 534 Moseten Amerindians aged 40–89 years (50% female) underwent resting 12-lead electrocardiograms to assess atrial fibrillation prevalence. …

Negative Shocks Predict Change In Cognitive Function And Preferences: Assessing The Negative Affect And Stress Hypothesis, Francesco Bogliacino, Cristiano Codagnone, Felipe Montealegre, Frans Folkvord, Camilo Gómez, Rafael Charris, Giovanni Liva, Francisco Lupiáñez-Villanueva, Giuseppe A. Veltri

ESI Publications

In the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic, households throughout the world have to cope with negative shocks. Previous research has shown that negative shocks impair cognitive function and change risk, time and social preferences. In this study, we analyze the results of a longitudinal multi-country survey conducted in Italy (N = 1652), Spain (N = 1660) and the United Kingdom (N = 1578). We measure cognitive function using the Cognitive Reflection Test and preferences traits (risk, time and social preferences) using an experimentally validated set of questions to assess the differences between people exposed to a shock compared to …

A Class Of N-Player Colonel Blotto Games With Multidimensional Private Information, Christian Ewerhart, Dan Kovenock

ESI Working Papers

In this paper, we study N-player Colonel Blotto games with incomplete information about battlefield valuations. Such games arise in job markets, research and development, electoral competition, security analysis, and conflict resolution. For M ≥ N + 1 battlefields, we identify a Bayes-Nash equilibrium in which the resource allocation to a given battlefield is strictly monotone in the valuation of that battlefield. We also explore extensions such as heterogeneous budgets, the case M ≤ N, full-support type distributions, and network games.

Economics Students: Self-Selected In Preferences And Indoctrinated In Beliefs, Antonio M. Espín, Manuel Correa, Alberto Ruiz-Villaverde

ESI Working Papers

There is much debate as to why economics students display more self-interested behavior than other students: whether homo economicus self-select into economics or students are instead “indoctrinated” by economics learning, and whether these effects impact on preferences or beliefs about others’ behavior. Using a classroom survey (n>500) with novel behavioral questions we show that, compared to students in other majors, econ students report being: (i) more self-interested (in particular, less compassionate or averse to advantageous inequality) already in the first year and the difference remains among more senior students; (ii) more likely to think that people will be unwilling …

Institutions And Opportunistic Behavior: Experimental Evidence, Antonio Cabrales, Irma Clots-Figueras, Roberto Hernán-González, Praveen Kujal

ESI Working Papers

Risk mitigating institutions have long been used by societies to protect against opportunistic behavior. We know little about how they are demanded, who demands them or how they impact subsequent behavior. To study these questions, we run a large-scale online experiment where insurance can be purchased to safeguard against opportunistic behavior. We compare two different selection mechanisms for risk mitigation, the individual and the collective (voting). We find that, whether individual or collective, there is demand for riskmitigating institutions amongst high-opportunism individuals, while low-opportunism individuals demand lesser levels of insurance. However, high-opportunism individuals strategically demand lower insurance institutions when they …

Peran Dan Kebermanfaatan Ngo Indonesia Mengajar Dalam Mengembangkan Human Capital Di Desa Labuangkallo, Kabupaten Paser, Kalimantan Timur, Ilham Fathur Rahman, Triyanti Anugrahini

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

The biggest problem that exists in remote villages in Indonesia is the lack of access to human capital development. This paper discusses the role of Indonesia Mengajar as a Non-Governmental Organization in the implementation of human capital development in one of the remote villages in Indonesia, Labuangkallo. It is located in Tanjung Harapan District, Paser Regency, East Borneo Province. This research used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Furthermore, data collection technique was conducted by indepth interviews with beneficiaries and program actors, including Teaching Facilitators, program officers and executive directors of Indonesia Mengajar, Paser education office, teacher council at SDN …

Analisis Proses Underwriting Pada Produk Penjaminan Surety Bond Dipt. Asuransi Kredit Indonesia Cabang Bekasi, Julyet Cipta Fauziyah, Yulial Hikmah, Isriani Isriani

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

Regional development evenly throughout Indonesia can create a just and prosperous society that is evenly distributed, in the development process it cannot be separated from development projects. In Indonesia, there is a presidential decree that stipulates that every procurement of development projects must not only complete administrative requirements, but also guarantee a surety bond. PT. Askrindo is one of the insurance companies that can issue surety bonds. To get a surety bond guarantee, the principal must meet the documents that have been set by PT. Askrindo and these documents must go through an underwriting process to analyze whether the project …

Prosedur Pengadaan Pelimpahan Wewenang Pada Divisi Pengelolaanproperti Dan Umum Pt. Asdp Indonesia Ferry (Persero), Mohammad Ridha, Laviola Fiorentina

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

PT ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero) is one of the state-owned companies engaged in crossing transportation services. In carrying out its corporate activities there are several procedures designed to make work effective and efficient. One of the procedures made is the Procurement Procedure for Delegation of Authority. This procedure is carried out to meet the demand of the user's work unit in conducting procurement of goods in accordance with the needs. In the Property and General Management Division, this procedure is one of the routine procedures carried out because as the name implies the delegation of authority means that any procurement …

Efektivitas Pendidikan Dan Pelatihan Pegawai Pada Masapandemi Covid-19 Di Rumah Sakit Abc, Nia Murniati

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted various sectors of life, including education and training activities that should have been carried out face-to-face have now turned online. The purpose of this study was to measure the effectiveness of education and training of employees during the COVID-19 pandemic which was carried out online. This study uses a quantitative survey method. Respondents from this study amounted to 91 participants in education and training. The effectiveness of education and training was analyzed using the four-level evaluation concept of the Kirkpatrick model. The results of this study indicate that online education and training methods are quite …

Koreksi Pajak Masukan Atas Jawaban Konfirmasi“Tidak Ada” (Studi Kasus Pt. X), Elsie Sylviana Kasim, Muhammad Kemal Pasha

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

This study discusses the input tax correction to “no” confrmation answer (case study of PT X). Data collection techniques used in this study is literature studies (Library Research) and field studies (Field Research). The results of research and analysis can be concluded as follows the examiner’s correction on the input tax credit is cause by input tax originating from non-PKP and the confirmation answer states “no”. PT X does not agree with the correction of the audit tem on the input tax credit. PT X has provided evidence showing the existence of payments. This research is expected to provide input …

Pengujian Kualitas Website Rsia Nuraida Berdasarkan Dimensi Accessibility,Experience, Marketing, Dan Technology, Ari Nurfikri, Supriadi Supriadi, Annisa Syafa Andira

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

This study aims to determine the quality of the RSIA Nuraida webiste and the factors causing the dimension that has the lowest score. This study uses a mixed method with an explanatory sequential design. The quantitative phase is carried out by testing the quality of the RSIA Nuraida website using a nibbler, based on the dimensions of accessibility, experience, marketing and technology. The qualitative phase was carried out by in-depth interviews with managers and staff related to the factors causing the lowest score of the four dimensions. The results of this study indicate the accessibility dimension has a score of …

Pemberdayaan Kelompok Pengurus E-Warong Kube Pkh Harapan Jayakelurahan Manggarai Kecamatan Tebet Jakarta Selatan Melaluipemanfaatan Teknologi Dan Informasi, Prima Aldi Juniarto, Bambang Shergi Laksmono

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

An empowerment research conducted with a group of management of mutual cooperation electronic shop business joined by Harapan Jaya Family Program (E-Warong KUBE PKH) Manggarai Village Tebet District Jakarta Selatan through information technology utilization has been an important and interesting research and possessing a well process. Information technology is an obligated primary basic human need. In this case, information technology has been supporting to escalate economy, social, and culture in today society. That has been proved by appearance of a lot of innovations run by government which one of those is E-Government especially E-Warong KUBE PKH Program owned by Ministry …

In-Group Versus Out-Group Preferences In Intergroup Conflict: An Experiment, Subhashish M. Chowdhury, Anwesha Mukherjee, Roman M. Sheremeta

ESI Working Papers

Individuals participating in a group conflict have different preferences, e.g., maximizing their own payoff, maximizing the group’s payoff, or defeating the rivals. When such preferences are present simultaneously, it is difficult to distinctly identify the impact of those preferences on conflict. In order to separate in-group and out-group preferences, we conduct an experiment in which human in-group or out-group players are removed while keeping the game strategically similar. Our design allows us to study (i) how effort in a group conflict vary due to in-group and out-group preferences, and (ii) how the impact of these preferences vary when the two …

Identifying Bedrest Using Waist-Worn Triaxial Accelerometers In Preschool Children, J. Dustin Tracy, Thomas Donnelly, Evan C. Sommer, William J. Heerman, Shari L. Barkin, Maciej S. Buchowski

ESI Publications

Purpose

To adapt and validate a previously developed decision tree for youth to identify bedrest for use in preschool children.

Methods

Parents of healthy preschool (3-6-year-old) children (n = 610; 294 males) were asked to help them to wear an accelerometer for 7 to 10 days and 24 hours/day on their waist. Children with ≥3 nights of valid recordings were randomly allocated to the development (n = 200) and validation (n = 200) groups. Wear periods from accelerometer recordings were identified minute-by-minute as bedrest or wake using visual identification by two independent raters. To automate visual identification, chosen decision tree …

Gambling With Debt: The English Premier League, Edward Robinson

Undergraduate Economic Review

This paper aims to investigate the impact of debt on financial performance in the English Premier League from the 2000/01 season to the 2017/18 season. Panel model estimations concluded debt has a significant inverse relationship with financial performance. This relationship may potentially be stronger in larger clubs and could be present through human capital investment’s significant direct relationship with financial performance. This further emphasised usages of intangible assets as a player human capital investment indicator, rather than using wage costs like previous studies. Furthermore, filling a gap regarding how capital structures may be used to impact financial performance within’ football.

Do Truth-Telling Oaths Improve Honesty In Crowd-Working?, Nicolas Jacquemet, Alexander G. James, Stéphane Luchini, James J. Murphy, Jason F. Shogren

ESI Publications

This study explores whether an oath to honesty can reduce both shirking and lying among crowd-sourced internet workers. Using a classic coin-flip experiment, we first confirm that a substantial majority of Mechanical Turk workers both shirk and lie when reporting the number of heads flipped. We then demonstrate that lying can be reduced by first asking each worker to swear voluntarily on his or her honor to tell the truth in subsequent economic decisions. Even in this online, purely anonymous environment, the oath significantly reduced the percent of subjects telling “big” lies (by roughly 27%), but did not affect shirking. …

The Social Determinants Of Diabetes And Coronary Heart Disease In South Asian American Immigrants, Mishal Ayaz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

An astounding 20% of South Asian Americans have diabetes (Matthews and Zachariah 2008). Conventional risk factors for coronary heart disease includes: age older than 65, sedentary lifestyle, cigarette smoking, hypertension, elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes, all factors beyond health care (italicized for emphasis) (Mathews and Zachariah 2008). But conventional risk factors alone are not sufficient to predict the alarmingly high rates of coronary heart disease (“CHD”) for South Asian Americans. In fact, the only conventional risk factor more prevalent in this community than others is diabetes. So, the question remains, what factors are contributing to the …

Competition In Economic Theory And The Skew In U.S. Corporate Wealth Creation, Marc H. Pentacoff

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Historical studies of U.S. capital markets show a dramatic skew in the distribution of corporate wealth. This thesis investigates the evolution of economic thought related to realistic models of competition, seeking to find the most suitable theory of competition to explain this skew in U.S. corporate wealth creation. The incorporation of realistic elements into the static theories of competition leads to theoretical difficulties in the early 20th century. Another line of thought developed non-equilibrium dynamic models of competition, culminating in Schumpeter. In Schumpeter, firms seek to manage the uncertainty f rom rapid change induced by innovation and increasing returns by …