Morphological Operations Applied To Digital Art Restoration,
2014
University of Minnesota, Morris
Morphological Operations Applied To Digital Art Restoration, M. Kirbie Dramdahl
Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal
This paper provides an overview of the processes involved in detecting and removing cracks from digitized works of art. Specific attention is given to the crack detection phase as completed through the use of morphological operations. Mathematical morphology is an area of set theory applicable to image processing, and therefore lends itself effectively to the digital art restoration process.
New Distance And Similarity Measures Of Interval Neutrosophic Sets,
2014
University of New Mexico
New Distance And Similarity Measures Of Interval Neutrosophic Sets, Said Broumi, Florentin Smarandache
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this paper we proposed a new distance and several similarity measures between interval neutrosophic sets.
Distance And Similarity Measures Of Interval Neutrosophic Soft Sets,
2014
University of New Mexico
Distance And Similarity Measures Of Interval Neutrosophic Soft Sets, Said Broumi, Irfan Deli, Florentin Smarandache
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this paper several distance and similarity measures of interval neutrosophic soft sets are introduced. The measures are examined based on the geometric model, the set theoretic approach and the matching function. Finally, we have successfully shown an application of this similarity measure of interval neutrosophic soft sets.
Axioms Of Set Theory And Equivalents Of Axiom Of Choice,
2014
Boise State University
Axioms Of Set Theory And Equivalents Of Axiom Of Choice, Farighon Abdul Rahim
Mathematics Undergraduate Theses
Sets are all around us. A bag of potato chips, for instance, is a set containing certain number of individual chip's that are its elements. University is another example of a set with students as its elements. By elements, we mean members. But sets should not be confused as to what they really are. A daughter of a blacksmith is an element of a set that contains her mother, father, and her siblings. Then this set is an element of a set that contains all the other families that live in the nearby town. So a set itself can be …
Permutation Groups And Puzzle Tile Configurations Of Instant Insanity Ii,
2014
East Tennessee State University
Permutation Groups And Puzzle Tile Configurations Of Instant Insanity Ii, Amanda N. Justus
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The manufacturer claims that there is only one solution to the puzzle Instant Insanity II. However, a recent paper shows that there are two solutions. Our goal is to find ways in which we only have one solution. We examine the permutation groups of the puzzle and use modern algebra to attempt to fix the puzzle. First, we find the permutation group for the case when there is only one empty slot at the top. We then examine the scenario when we add an extra column or an extra row to make the game a 4 × 5 puzzle or …
Groupoids Of Type I And Ii Using [0, N),
2014
University of New Mexico
Groupoids Of Type I And Ii Using [0, N), Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
Study of algebraic structures built using [0, n) happens to be one of an interesting and innovative research. Here in this book authors define non associative algebraic structures using the interval [0, n). Here we define two types of groupoids using [0, n) both of them are of infinite order. It is an open conjecture to find whether these new class of groupoids satisfy any of the special identities like Moufang identity or Bol identity or Bruck identity or so on. We know on [0, n) we cannot build rings only pseudo rings, however in this book we use these …
Soft Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures And Their Generalization - Vol. 1,
2014
University of New Mexico
Soft Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures And Their Generalization - Vol. 1, Florentin Smarandache, Mumtaz Ali, Muhammad Shabir
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this book the authors introduced the notions of soft neutrosophic algebraic structures. These soft neutrosophic algebraic structures are basically defined over the neutrosophic algebraic structures which means a parameterized collection of subsets of the neutrosophic algebraic structure. For instance, the existence of a soft neutrosophic group over a neutrosophic group or a soft neutrosophic semigroup over a neutrosophic semigroup, or a soft neutrosophic field over a neutrosophic field, or a soft neutrosophic LA-semigroup over a neutrosophic LAsemigroup, or a soft neutosophic loop over a neutrosophic loop. It is interesting to note that these notions are defined over finite and …
Distance In Matrices And Their Applications To Fuzzy Models And Neutrosophic Models,
2014
University of New Mexico
Distance In Matrices And Their Applications To Fuzzy Models And Neutrosophic Models, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, K. Ilanthenral
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this book authors for the first time introduce the notion of distance between any two m n matrices. If the distance is 0 or m n there is nothing interesting. When the distance happens to be a value t; 0 < t < m n the study is both innovating and interesting. The three cases of study which is carried out in this book are 1. If the difference between two square matrices is large, will it imply the eigen values and eigen vectors of those matrices are distinct? Several open conjectures in this direction are given. 2. The difference between parity check matrix and the generator matrix for the same C(n, k) code is studied. This will help in detecting errors in storage systems as well as in cryptography.
Algebraic Structures On Fuzzy Unit Square And Neutrosophic Unit Square,
2014
University of New Mexico
Algebraic Structures On Fuzzy Unit Square And Neutrosophic Unit Square, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this book authors build algebraic structures on fuzzy unit semi open square UF = {(a, b) | a, b [0, 1)} and on the fuzzy neutrosophic unit semi open square UN = {a + bI | a, b [0, 1)}. This study is new and we define, develop and describe several interesting and innovative theories about them. We cannot build ring on UN or UF. We have only pseudo rings of infinite order. We also build pseudo semirings using these semi open unit squares. We construct vector spaces, S-vector spaces and strong pseudo special vector space using …
Neutrosophic Ideal Theory Neutrosophic Local Function And Generated Neutrosophic Topology,
2014
University of New Mexico
Neutrosophic Ideal Theory Neutrosophic Local Function And Generated Neutrosophic Topology, A. A. Salama, Florentin Smarandache
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this paper we introduce the notion of ideals on neutrosophic set which is considered as a generalization of fuzzy and fuzzy intuitionistic ideals studies in [9,11] , the important neutrosophic ideals has been given in [4]. The concept of neutrosophic local function is also introduced for a neutrosophic topological space. These concepts are discussed with a view to find new nutrosophic topology from the original one in [8]. The basic structure, especially a basis for such generated neutrosophic topologies and several relations between different neutrosophic ideals and neutrosophic topologies are also studied here. Possible application to GIS topology rules …
Neutrosophic Principle Of Interconvertibility Matter-Energy Information,
2014
University of New Mexico
Neutrosophic Principle Of Interconvertibility Matter-Energy Information, Florentin Smarandache, Stefan Vladutescu
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
The research aims to reveal and prove the thesis of the neutral and convertibility relationship between constituent constructive elements of the universe: matter, energy and information. The approach perspective is a computationally-communicative neutrosophic one. We configure a coherent and cohesive ideation line. Matter, energy and information are fundamental elements of the world. Among them, there is an inextricable multiple, elastic and evolutionary connection. The elements are defined by the connections between them. Our hypothesis is that the relationship between matter, energy and information is a neutral one. This relationship is not required by the evidence. At this level, it does …
Interval Neutrosophic Logic,
2014
University of New Mexico
Interval Neutrosophic Logic, Haibin Wang, Florentin Smarandache, Yan-Qing Zhang, Rajshekhar Sunderraman
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
Interval Neutrosophic Logic
Intuitionistic Neutrosophic Soft Set Over Rings,
2014
University of New Mexico
Intuitionistic Neutrosophic Soft Set Over Rings, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Pabitra Kumar Maji
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
S.Broumi and F.Smarandache introduced the concept of intuitionistic neutrosophic soft set as an extension of the soft set theory. In this paper we have applied the concept of intuitionistic neutrosophic soft set to rings theory .The notion of intuitionistic neutrosophic soft set over ring (INSSOR for short ) is introduced and their basic properties have been investigated.The definitions of intersection, union, AND, and OR operations over ring (INSSOR) have also been defined. Finally, we have defined the product of two intuitionistic neutrosophic soft set over ring.
Neutrosophic Parametrized Soft Set Theory And Its Decision Making,
2014
University of New Mexico
Neutrosophic Parametrized Soft Set Theory And Its Decision Making, Said Broumi, Irfan Deli, Florentin Smarandache
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this work, we present definition of neutrosophic parameterized (NP) soft set and its operations. Then we define NP-aggregation operator to form NP-soft decision making method which allows constructing more efficient decision processes. We also dive an example which shows that they can be successfully applied to problem that contain indeterminacy.
New Operations On Interval Neutrosophic Sets,
2014
University of New Mexico
New Operations On Interval Neutrosophic Sets, Said Broumi, Florentin Smarandache
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
An interval neutrosophic set is an instance of a neutrosophic set, which can be used in real scientific and engineering applications. In this paper, three new operations based on the arithmetic mean, geometrical mean, and respectively harmonic mean are defined on interval neutrosophic sets.
Neutrosophic Theory And Its Applications : Collected Papers - Vol. 1,
2014
University of New Mexico
Neutrosophic Theory And Its Applications : Collected Papers - Vol. 1, Florentin Smarandache
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
Neutrosophic Theory means Neutrosophy applied in many fields in order to solve problems related to indeterminacy. Neutrosophy is a new branch of philosophy that studies the origin, nature, and scope of neutralities, as well as their interactions with different ideational spectra. This theory considers every entity together with its opposite or negation and with their spectrum of neutralities in between them (i.e. entities supporting neither nor ). The and ideas together are referred to as . Neutrosophy is a generalization of Hegel's dialectics (the last one is based on and only). According to this theory every entity tends to be …
Soft Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures And Their Generalization - Vol. 2,
2014
University of New Mexico
Soft Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures And Their Generalization - Vol. 2, Florentin Smarandache, Mumtaz Ali, Muhammad Shabir
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this book we define some new notions of soft neutrosophic algebraic structures over neutrosophic algebraic structures. We define some different soft neutrosophic algebraic structures but the main motivation is two-fold. Firstly the classes of soft neutrosophic group ring and soft neutrosophic semigroup ring defined in this book is basically the generalization of two classes of rings: neutrosophic group rings and neutrosophic semigroup rings. These soft neutrosophic group rings and soft neutrosophic semigroup rings are defined over neutrosophic group rings and neutrosophic semigroup rings respectively. This is basically the collection of parameterized subneutrosophic group ring and subneutrosophic semigroup ring of …
Neutrosophic Crisp Sets & Neutrosophic Crisp Topological Spaces,
2014
University of New Mexico
Neutrosophic Crisp Sets & Neutrosophic Crisp Topological Spaces, A. A. Salama, Florentin Smarandache, Valeri Kroumov
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this paper, we generalize the crisp topological space to the notion of neutrosophic crisp topological space, and we construct the basic concepts of the neutrosophic crisp topology. In addition to these, we introduce the definitions of neutrosophic crisp continuous function and neutrosophic crisp compact spaces. Finally, some characterizations concerning neutrosophic crisp compact spaces are presented and one obtains several properties. Possible application to GIS topology rules are touched upon.
Multi-Criteria Decision Making Based On Dsmt-Ahp,
2014
University of New Mexico
Multi-Criteria Decision Making Based On Dsmt-Ahp, Jean Dezert, Jean Marc Tacnet, Mireille Batton-Hubert, Florentin Smarandache
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this paper, we present an extension of the multicriteria decision making based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) which incorporates uncertain knowledge matrices for generating basic belief assignments (bba’s). The combination of priority vectors corresponding to bba’s related to each (sub)- criterion is performed using the Proportional Conflict Redistribution rule no. 5 proposed in Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) of plausible and paradoxical reasoning. The method presented here, called DSmT-AHP, is illustrated on very simple examples.
Algebraic Structures On The Fuzzy Interval [0, 1),
2014
University of New Mexico
Algebraic Structures On The Fuzzy Interval [0, 1), Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
In this book we introduce several algebraic structures on the special fuzzy interval [0, 1). This study is different from that of the algebraic structures using the interval [0, n) n ≠ 1, as these structures on [0, 1) has no idempotents or zero divisors under ×. Further [0, 1) under product × is only a semigroup. However by defining min(or max) operation in [0, 1); [0, 1) is made into a semigroup. The semigroup under × has no finite subsemigroups but under min or max we have subsemigroups of order one, two and so on. [0, 1) under + …
