Set Theory Commons^™

Soft Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures And Their Generalization - Vol. 1, Florentin Smarandache, Mumtaz Ali, Muhammad Shabir

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this book the authors introduced the notions of soft neutrosophic algebraic structures. These soft neutrosophic algebraic structures are basically defined over the neutrosophic algebraic structures which means a parameterized collection of subsets of the neutrosophic algebraic structure. For instance, the existence of a soft neutrosophic group over a neutrosophic group or a soft neutrosophic semigroup over a neutrosophic semigroup, or a soft neutrosophic field over a neutrosophic field, or a soft neutrosophic LA-semigroup over a neutrosophic LAsemigroup, or a soft neutosophic loop over a neutrosophic loop. It is interesting to note that these notions are defined over finite and …

Pseudo Lattice Graphs And Their Applications To Fuzzy And Neutrosophic Models, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, K. Ilanthenral

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this book for the first time authors introduce the concept of merged lattice, which gives a lattice or a graph. The resultant lattice or graph is defined as the pseudo lattice graph of type I. Here we also merge a graph with a lattice or two or more graphs which call as the pseudo lattice graph of type II. We merge either edges or vertices or both of a lattice and a graph or a lattice and a lattice or graph with itself. Such study is innovative and these mergings are adopted on all fuzzy and neutrosophic models which …

Distance In Matrices And Their Applications To Fuzzy Models And Neutrosophic Models, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, K. Ilanthenral

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this book authors for the first time introduce the notion of distance between any two m  n matrices. If the distance is 0 or m  n there is nothing interesting. When the distance happens to be a value t; 0 < t < m  n the study is both innovating and interesting. The three cases of study which is carried out in this book are 1. If the difference between two square matrices is large, will it imply the eigen values and eigen vectors of those matrices are distinct? Several open conjectures in this direction are given. 2. The difference between parity check matrix and the generator matrix for the same C(n, k) code is studied. This will help in detecting errors in storage systems as well as in cryptography.

Eccentricity, Space Bending, Dimension, Florentin Smarandache, Marian Nitu, Mircea Eugen Selariu

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The main goal of this paper is to present new transformations, previously non-existent in traditional mathematics, that we call centric mathematics (CM) but that became possible due to the new born eccentric mathematics, and, implicitly, to the supermathematics (SM).

As shown in this work, the new geometric transformations, namely conversion or transfiguration, wipe the boundaries between discrete and continuous geometric forms, showing that the first ones are also continuous, being just apparently discontinuous.

New Results Of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Set, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi, Mamoni Dhar, Pinaki Majumdar

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this paper, three new operations are introduced on intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets .They are based on concentration, dilatation and normalization of intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Some examples of these operations were given and a few important properties were also studied.

New Operations On Interval Neutrosophic Sets, Said Broumi, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

An interval neutrosophic set is an instance of a neutrosophic set, which can be used in real scientific and engineering applications. In this paper, three new operations based on the arithmetic mean, geometrical mean, and respectively harmonic mean are defined on interval neutrosophic sets.

Algebraic Generalization Of Venn Diagram, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

It is easy to deal with a Venn Diagram for 1 ≤ n ≤ 3 sets. When n gets larger, the picture becomes more complicated, that's why we thought at the following codification. That’s why we propose an easy and systematic algebraic way of dealing with the representation of intersections and unions of many sets.

Further Generalization Of N-D Distance And N-D Dependent Function In Extenics, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Prof. Cai Wen [1] defined the 1-D Distance and 1-D Dependent Function in 1983. F. Smarandache [6] generalized them to n-D Distance and n-D Dependent Function respectively in 2012 during his postdoc research at Guangdong University of Technology in Guangzhou. O. I. Şandru [7] extended the last results in 2013. Now [2015], as a further generalization, we unify all these results into a single formula for the n-D Distance and respectively for the n-D Dependent Function.

Neutrosophic Crisp Sets & Neutrosophic Crisp Topological Spaces, A. A. Salama, Florentin Smarandache, Valeri Kroumov

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this paper, we generalize the crisp topological space to the notion of neutrosophic crisp topological space, and we construct the basic concepts of the neutrosophic crisp topology. In addition to these, we introduce the definitions of neutrosophic crisp continuous function and neutrosophic crisp compact spaces. Finally, some characterizations concerning neutrosophic crisp compact spaces are presented and one obtains several properties. Possible application to GIS topology rules are touched upon.

Multi-Criteria Decision Making Based On Dsmt-Ahp, Jean Dezert, Jean Marc Tacnet, Mireille Batton-Hubert, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this paper, we present an extension of the multicriteria decision making based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) which incorporates uncertain knowledge matrices for generating basic belief assignments (bba’s). The combination of priority vectors corresponding to bba’s related to each (sub)- criterion is performed using the Proportional Conflict Redistribution rule no. 5 proposed in Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) of plausible and paradoxical reasoning. The method presented here, called DSmT-AHP, is illustrated on very simple examples.

Single Valued Neutrosophic Information Systems Based On Rough Set Theory, Said Broumi, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The theory of rough sets was firstly proposed by Pawlak. Later on, Smarandache introduced the concept of neutrosophic (NS) sets in 1998. In this paper based on the concept of rough neutrosohic set, we define the concept of single valued neutrosophic information systems. In addition, we will discuss the knowledge reduction and extension of the single valued neutrosophic information systems.

Interval Neutrosophic Logic, Haibin Wang, Florentin Smarandache, Yan-Qing Zhang, Rajshekhar Sunderraman

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Interval Neutrosophic Logic

Difference Sets In Non-Abelian Groups Of Order 256, Taylor Applebaum

Honors Theses

This paper considers the problem of determining which of the 56092 groups of order 256 contain (256; 120; 56; 64) difference sets. John Dillon at the National Security Agency communicated 724 groups which were still open as of August 2012. In this paper, we present a construction method for groups containing a normal subgroup isomorphic to Z4 Z4 Z2 . This construction method was able to produce difference sets in 643 of the 649 unsolved groups with the correct normal subgroup. These constructions elimated approximately 90% of the open cases, leaving 81 remaining unsolved groups.

More On Intuitionistic Neutrosophic Soft Sets, Said Broumi, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Intuitionistic Neutrosophic Soft Set theory proposed by S. Broumi and F. Samarandache [28], has been regarded as an effective mathematical tool to deal with uncertainties. In this paper new operations on intuitionistic neutrosophic soft sets have been introduced . Some results relating to the properties of these operations have been established. Moreover ,we illustrate their interconnections between each other.

Subset Groupoids, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this book authors introduce the new notion of constructing non associative algebraic structures using subsets of a groupoid. Thus subset groupoids are constructed using groupoids or loops. Even if we use subsets of loops still the algebraic structure we get with it is only a groupoid. However we can get a proper subset of it to be a subset loop which will be isomorphic with the loop which was used in the construction of the subset groupoid. To the best of the authors’ knowledge this is the first time non associative algebraic structures are constructed using subsets. We get …

Variance On Topics Of Plane Geometry, Florentin Smarandache, Ion Patrascu

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This book contains 21 papers of plane geometry. It deals with various topics, such as: quasi-isogonal cevians, nedians, polar of a point with respect to a circle, anti-bisector, aalsonti-symmedian, anti-height and their isogonal. A nedian is a line segment that has its origin in a triangle’s vertex and divides the opposite side in Q equal segments. The papers also study distances between remarkable points in the 2D-geometry, the circumscribed octagon and the inscribable octagon, the circles adjointly ex-inscribed associated to a triangle, and several classical results such as: Carnot circles, Euler’s line, Desargues theorem, Sondat’s theorem, Dergiades theorem, Stevanovic’s theorem, …

Filters Via Neutrosophic Crisp Sets, A. A. Salama, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this paper we introduce the notion of filter on the neutrosophic crisp set, then we consider a generalization of the filter’s studies. Afterwards, we present the important neutrosophic crisp filters. We also study several relations between different neutrosophic crisp filters and neutrosophic topologies. Possible applications to database systems are touched upon.

N-Valued Refined Neutrosophic Logic And Its Applications To Physics, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this paper we present a short history of logics: from particular cases of 2-symbol or numerical valued logic to the general case of n-symbol or numerical valued logic. We show generalizations of 2-valued Boolean logic to fuzzy logic, also from the Kleene’s and Lukasiewicz’ 3-symbol valued logics or Belnap’s 4-symbol valued logic to the most general n-symbol or numerical valued refined neutrosophic logic. Two classes of neutrosophic norm (n-norm) and neutrosophic conorm (n-conorm) are defined. Examples of applications of neutrosophic logic to physics are listed in the last section. Similar generalizations can be done for n-Valued Refined Neutrosophic Set, …

Subset Polynomial Semirings And Subset Matrix Semirings, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this book authors introduce the notion of subset polynomial semirings and subset matrix semirings. The study of algebraic structures using subsets were recently carried out by the authors. Here we define the notion of subset row matrices, subset column matrices and subset m × n matrices. Study of this kind is developed in chapter two of this book. If we use subsets of a set X; say P(X), the power set of the set X....

Hence if P(X) is replaced by a group or a semigroup we get the subset matrix to be only a subset matrix semigroup. If …

Subset Interval Groupoids, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The study of groupoids is meager and we have recently introduced the new notion of subset groupoids and have studied them. It is interesting to keep on record that interval groupoids have been studied by us in 2010. Further when the subsets of a loop are taken they also form only a subset groupoid and not a subset loop. Thus we do not have the concept of subset interval loop they only form a subset interval groupoid. Special elements like subset interval zero divisors, subset interval idempotents and subset interval units are studied. Concept of subset interval groupoid homomorphism is …