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A Kleinian Approach To Fundamental Regions, Joshua L. Hidalgo 2014 Joshua L Hidalgo

A Kleinian Approach To Fundamental Regions, Joshua L. Hidalgo

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

This thesis takes a Kleinian approach to hyperbolic geometry in order to illustrate the importance of discrete subgroups and their fundamental domains (fundamental regions). A brief history of Euclids Parallel Postulate and its relation to the discovery of hyperbolic geometry be given first. We will explore two models of hyperbolic $n$-space: $U^n$ and $B^n$. Points, lines, distances, and spheres of these two models will be defined and examples in $U^2$, $U^3$, and $B^2$ will be given. We will then discuss the isometries of $U^n$ and $B^n$. These isometries, known as M\"obius transformations, have special properties and turn out to be …


The Behavior Of Midsets When Repeatedly Taking The Midset Of Two Lines In L1 Geometry, Joshua M. Fitzhugh, David L. Farnsworth 2014 Rochester Institute of Technology

The Behavior Of Midsets When Repeatedly Taking The Midset Of Two Lines In L1 Geometry, Joshua M. Fitzhugh, David L. Farnsworth

Articles

We study the outcome of taking midsets of two lines in ℓ1 geometry.We establish the algorithm for repeatedly finding these midsets and characterize the limiting midsets.We discuss the issue of angle measurement in Minkowski geometries, especially with respect to the limiting midsets.


The Triangle Inequality And The Dual Gromov-Hausdorff Propinquity, Frédéric Latrémolière 2014 University of Denver

The Triangle Inequality And The Dual Gromov-Hausdorff Propinquity, Frédéric Latrémolière

Mathematics Preprint Series

he dual Gromov-Hausdorff propinquity is a generalization of the Gromov-Hausdorff distance to the class of Leibniz quantum compact metric spaces, designed to be well-behaved with respect to C*-algebraic structures. In this paper, we present a variant of the dual propinquity for which the triangle inequality is established without the recourse to the notion of journeys, or finite paths of tunnels. Since the triangle inequality has been a challenge to establish within the setting of Leibniz quantum compact metric spaces for quite some time, and since journeys can be a complicated tool, this new form of the dual propinquity is a …


Review: The Relationships Among Multiplicities Of A J-Self-Adjoint Differential Operator's Eigenvalue, Stephan Ramon Garcia 2014 Pomona College

Review: The Relationships Among Multiplicities Of A J-Self-Adjoint Differential Operator's Eigenvalue, Stephan Ramon Garcia

Pomona Faculty Publications and Research

No abstract provided.


John Horton Conway: A Puzzle Game, Jeremiah Farrell, Karen Farrell 2014 Butler University

John Horton Conway: A Puzzle Game, Jeremiah Farrell, Karen Farrell

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

There are 10 different letters in the name JOHN HORTON CONWAY and we use each of these exactly three times each to form the following ten words: JHC, COW, NYC, JAN, RON, WRY, RAT, JOT, HWT, HAY.


The Efficacy Of Mathematics Education, Eric Geimer 2014 University of South Florida; Sarasota-Manatee

The Efficacy Of Mathematics Education, Eric Geimer

The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal

Evidence supports the notion that mathematics education in the United States is inadequate. There is also evidence that mathematics education deficiencies extend internationally. The worldwide mathematics education deficit appears large enough that improving student performance in this educational problem area could yield great economic benefit. To improve the efficacy of mathematics education, education’s root problems must first be understood. Often supposed educational root problems are considered and contrasted against potential deficiencies of mathematics methodologies and curricula that are based on mainstream educational philosophies. The educational philosophies utilized to form early-grade mathematics methodologies and related curricula are judged to be the …


The Nature And Nurture Of Intuition, Thomas Q. Sibley 2014 College of Saint Benedict/Saint John's University

The Nature And Nurture Of Intuition, Thomas Q. Sibley

Forum Lectures

Are people just innately good at mathematics or not? My teaching experience suggests mathematical ability is not just fate: Students develop their mathematical abilities by doing mathematics. In particular we discuss geometric intuition, its connection with geometric reasoning and the possibility of developing them, using examples to get the listeners actively thinking about their own geometric thinking.


The Spacetime Geometry Of A Null Electromagnetic Field, Charles G. Torre 2014 Department of Physics, Utah State University

The Spacetime Geometry Of A Null Electromagnetic Field, Charles G. Torre

Presentations and Publications

We give a set of local geometric conditions on a spacetime metric which are necessary and sufficient for it to be a null electrovacuum, that is, the metric is part of a solution to the Einstein–Maxwell equations with a null electromagnetic field. These conditions are restrictions on a null congruence canonically constructed from the spacetime metric, and can involve up to five derivatives of the metric. The null electrovacuum conditions are counterparts of the Rainich conditions, which geometrically characterize non-null electrovacua. Given a spacetime satisfying the conditions for a null electrovacuum, a straightforward procedure builds the null electromagnetic field from …


A Mathematical Framework For Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Obstacle Avoidance, Sorathan Chaturapruek 2014 Harvey Mudd College

A Mathematical Framework For Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Obstacle Avoidance, Sorathan Chaturapruek

HMC Senior Theses

The obstacle avoidance navigation problem for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is a very challenging problem. It lies at the intersection of many fields such as probability, differential geometry, optimal control, and robotics. We build a mathematical framework to solve this problem for quadrotors using both a theoretical approach through a Hamiltonian system and a machine learning approach that learns from human sub-experts' multiple demonstrations in obstacle avoidance. Prior research on the machine learning approach uses an algorithm that does not incorporate geometry. We have developed tools to solve and test the obstacle avoidance problem through mathematics.


A Constructive Proof Of The Borel-Weil Theorem For Classical Groups, Kostiantyn Timchenko 2014 Georgia Southern University

A Constructive Proof Of The Borel-Weil Theorem For Classical Groups, Kostiantyn Timchenko

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The Borel-Weil theorem is usually understood as a realization theorem for representations that have already been shown to exist by other means (``Theorem of the Highest Weight''). In this thesis we turn the tables and show that, at least in the case of the classical groups $G = U(n)$, $SO(n)$ and $Sp(2n)$, the Borel-Weil construction can be used to quite explicitly prove existence of an irreducible representation having highest weight $\lambda$, for each dominant integral form $\lambda$ on the Lie algebra of a maximal torus of $G$.


Symmetries Of Embedded Complete Bipartite Graphs, Erica Flapan, Nicole Lehle, Blake Mellor, Matt Pittluck, Xan Vongsathorn 2014 Loyola Marymount University

Symmetries Of Embedded Complete Bipartite Graphs, Erica Flapan, Nicole Lehle, Blake Mellor, Matt Pittluck, Xan Vongsathorn

Mathematics, Statistics and Data Science Faculty Works

We characterize which automorphisms of an arbitrary complete bipartite graph Kn,m can be induced by a homeomorphism of some embedding of the graph in S3.


Topological Duality And Lattice Expansions, Ii: Lattice Expansions With Quasioperators, M. Andrew Moshier, Peter Jipsen 2014 Chapman University

Topological Duality And Lattice Expansions, Ii: Lattice Expansions With Quasioperators, M. Andrew Moshier, Peter Jipsen

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

The main objective of this paper (the second of two parts) is to show that quasioperators can be dealt with smoothly in the topological duality established in Part I. A quasioperator is an operation on a lattice that either is join preserving and meet reversing in each argument or is meet preserving and join reversing in each argument. The paper discusses several common examples, including orthocomplementation on the closed subspaces of a fixed Hilbert space (sending meets to joins), modal operators auS and a- on a bounded modal lattice (preserving joins, resp. meets), residuation on a bounded residuated lattice (sending …


Spin Cobordism And Quasitoric Manifolds, Clinton M. Hines 2014 University of Kentucky

Spin Cobordism And Quasitoric Manifolds, Clinton M. Hines

Theses and Dissertations--Mathematics

This dissertation demonstrates a procedure to view any quasitoric manifold as a “minimal” sub-manifold of an ambient quasitoric manifold of codimension two via the wedge construction applied to the quotient polytope. These we term wedge quasitoric manifolds. We prove existence utilizing a construction on the quotient polytope and characteristic matrix and demonstrate conditions allowing the base manifold to be viewed as dual to the first Chern class of the wedge manifold. Such dualization allows calculations of KO characteristic classes as in the work of Ochanine and Fast. We also examine the Todd genus as it relates to two types of …


Using Topology To Explore Mathematics Education Reform, Carling Sugarman 2014 Harvey Mudd College

Using Topology To Explore Mathematics Education Reform, Carling Sugarman

HMC Senior Theses

Mathematics education is a constant topic of conversation in the United States. Many attempts have been made historically to reform teaching methods and improve student results. Particularly, past ideas have emphasized problem-solving to make math feel more applicable and enjoyable. Many have additionally tackled the widespread problem of “math anxiety” by creating lessons that are more discussion-based than drill-based to shift focus from speed and accuracy. In my project, I explored past reform goals and some added goals concerning students' perceptions of mathematics. To do so, I created and tested a pilot workshop in topology, a creative and intuitive field, …


Promoting Reu Participation From Students In Underrepresented Groups, Heather M. Russell, Heather A. Dye 2014 University of Richmond

Promoting Reu Participation From Students In Underrepresented Groups, Heather M. Russell, Heather A. Dye

Department of Math & Statistics Faculty Publications

Research experiences for undergraduates (REUs) are an important component of undergraduate education. However, at the 2012 Trends in Undergraduate Research in the Mathematical Sciences conference, questions were raised about why many REU programs see few applications from students that are members of underrepresented groups. We examine the benefits of REUs and factors preventing or promoting participation in REUs.


Finding Zeros Of Rational Quadratic Forms, John F. Shaughnessy 2014 Claremont McKenna College

Finding Zeros Of Rational Quadratic Forms, John F. Shaughnessy

CMC Senior Theses

In this thesis, we introduce the notion of quadratic forms and provide motivation for their study. We begin by discussing Diophantine equations, the field of p-adic numbers, and the Hasse-Minkowski Theorem that allows us to use p-adic analysis determine whether a quadratic form has a rational root. We then discuss search bounds and state Cassels' Theorem for small-height zeros of rational quadratic forms. We end with a proof of Cassels' Theorem and suggestions for further reading.


On Clifford Analysis For Holomorphic Mappings, M. E. Luna-Elizarrarás, M. Shapiro, Daniele C. Struppa 2014 Instituto Politécnico Nacl

On Clifford Analysis For Holomorphic Mappings, M. E. Luna-Elizarrarás, M. Shapiro, Daniele C. Struppa

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In the classical theory of several complex variables, holomorphic mappings are just n-tuples of holomorphic functions in m variables, with arbitrary n and m, and no relations between these functions are assumed. Some 30 years ago John Ryan introduced complex, or complexified, Clifford analysis which is, in a sense, the study of certain classes of holomorphic mappings where the components are not independent, and instead obey the relations generated by the Cauchy– Riemann and Dirac-type operators. In this paper, we take a closer look at this theory emphasizing some additional properties that holomorphic mappings satisfy in this context. Our attention …


Topological Duality And Lattice Expansions, I: A Topological Construction Of Canonical Extensions, M. Andrew Moshier, Peter Jipsen 2014 Chapman University

Topological Duality And Lattice Expansions, I: A Topological Construction Of Canonical Extensions, M. Andrew Moshier, Peter Jipsen

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

The two main objectives of this paper are (a) to prove purely topological duality theorems for semilattices and bounded lattices, and (b) to show that the topological duality from (a) provides a construction of canonical extensions of bounded lattices. In previously known dualities for semilattices and bounded lattices, the dual spaces are compact 0-dimensional spaces with additional algebraic structure. For example, semilattices are dual to 0-dimensional compact semilattices. Here we establish dual categories in which the spaces are characterized purely in topological terms, with no additional algebraic structure. Thus the results can be seen as generalizing Stone's duality for distributive …


Hom Quandles, Alissa S. Crans, Sam Nelson 2014 Loyola Marymount University

Hom Quandles, Alissa S. Crans, Sam Nelson

Mathematics, Statistics and Data Science Faculty Works

If A is an abelian quandle and Q is a quandle, the hom set Hom(Q,A) of quandle homomorphisms from Q to A has a natural quandle structure. We exploit this fact to enhance the quandle counting invariant, providing an example of links with the same counting invariant values but distinguished by the hom quandle structure. We generalize the result to the case of biquandles, collect observations and results about abelian quandles and the hom quandle, and show that the category of abelian quandles is symmetric monoidal closed.


Transitions In Line Bitangency Submanifolds For A One-Parameter Family Of Immersion Pairs, William Edward Olsen 2014 University of North Florida

Transitions In Line Bitangency Submanifolds For A One-Parameter Family Of Immersion Pairs, William Edward Olsen

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Consider two immersed surfaces M and N. A pair of points (p,q) in M x N is called a line bitangency if there is a common tangent line between them. Furthermore, we define the line bitangency submanifold as the union of all such pairs of points in M x N. In this thesis we investigate the dynamics of the line bitangency submanifold in a one-parameter family of immersion pairs. We do so by translating one of the surfaces and studying the wide range of transitions the submanifold may undertake. We then characterize these transitions by the local geometry of each …


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