Geometry and Topology Commons^™

Lorentz Invariant Spacelike Surfaces Of Constant Mean Curvature In Anti-De Sitter 3-Space, Jamie Patrick Lambert

Master's Theses

In this thesis, I studied Lorentz invariant spacelike surfaces with constant mean curvature H = c in the anti-de Sitter 3-space H³₁(−c²) of constant curvature −c². In particular, I construct Lorentz invariant spacelike surfaces of constant mean curvature c and maximal Lorentz invariant spacelike surfaces in H³₁(−c²). I also studied the limit behavior of those constant mean curvature c surfaces in H³₁(−c²). It turns out that they approach a maximal catenoid in Minkowski 3-space E³₁ as c → …

Monodromy Representation Of The Braid Group, Phillip W. Hart

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

In the mid 1980s, it was realized that solutions to what is known as the Knizhnik- Zamolodchikov equation, or KZ equation, provided a pathway to representations of the braid group B_n on n strands, with early mathematical treatments of the topic by Kohno and Drinfel'd. Such representations are typically referred to as monodromy representations of the braid group along solutions of the KZ equation. These linear representations are of great interest within topology, integral to the construction of isotopy invariants of knots and links, such as the well known Jones polynomial. More current discussions of the KZ equation and …

Geometry Of Life, Janice Dykacz

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

Relationships in life can be expressed through geometric curves

Modular Classes Of Lie Groupoid Representations Up To Homotopy, Rajan Amit Mehta

Mathematics Sciences: Faculty Publications

We describe a construction of the modular class associated to a representation up to homotopy of a Lie groupoid. In the case of the adjoint representation up to homotopy, this class is the obstruction to the existence of a volume form, in the sense of Weinstein’s “The volume of a differentiable stack”.

Discrete Morse Functions, Vector Fields, And Homological Sequences On Trees, Ian B. Rand

Mathematics Summer Fellows

The goal of this project is to construct a discrete Morse function which induces both a unique gradient vector field and homological sequence on a given tree. After reviewing the basics of discrete Morse theory, we will show that the two standard notions of equivalence of discrete Morse functions, Forman and homological equivalence, are independent of one another. We then show through a constructive algorithm the existence of a discrete Morse function on a tree inducing a desired gradient vector field and homological sequence. After proving that our algorithm is correct, we give an example to illustrate its use.

Liftings And Stresses For Planar Periodic Frameworks, Ciprian Borcea, Ileana Streinu

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

We formulate and prove a periodic analog of Maxwell’s theorem relating stressed planar frameworks and their liftings to polyhedral surfaces with spherical topology. We use our lifting theorem to prove rigidity-theoretic properties for planar periodic pseudo-triangulations, generalizing their finite counterparts. These properties are then applied to questions originating in mathematical crystallography and materials science, concerning planar periodic auxetic structures and ultrarigid periodic frameworks.

Non-Orientable Objects As Gaming Surfaces, Haley P. Bourke, Paul Latiolais

Student Research Symposium

Developed in Python, Klein Space Fighter is an interactive learning tool and mathematically themed arcade game that allows the player to combat on different mathematical surfaces including a 2D Klein bottle. The app is available for Android and desktop devices, and will be made available for iOS in the future.

To receive an invitation to download the app through Google Play, contact me at [email protected]

Using Maya And Mathematica To Create Mathematical Art, Allison Carr

Honors Projects

The project consists of six pieces of art that were created in Maya using mathematical objects created in Mathematica. Accompanying the art are artist statements for each piece, the mathematics behind each object used, and the Mathematica codes used to generate the objects.

Knörrer Periodicity And Bott Periodicity, Michael K. Brown

Department of Mathematics: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The main goal of this dissertation is to explain a precise sense in which Knörrer periodicity in commutative algebra is a manifestation of Bott periodicity in topological K-theory. In Chapter 2, we motivate this project with a proof of the existence of an 8-periodic version of Knörrer periodicity for hypersurfaces defined over the real numbers. The 2- and 8-periodic versions of Knörrer periodicity for complex and real hypersurfaces, respectively, mirror the 2- and 8-periodic versions of Bott periodicity in KU- and KO-theory. In Chapter 3, we introduce the main tool we need to demonstrate the compatibility between Knörrer …

Development Of A Tridimensional Measuring Application For Ipads, Michael Casebolt, Nicolas Kouatli, Jack Mullen

Computer Science and Software Engineering

In today’s fast-paced distribution centers workers and management alike are constantly searching for the quickest and most efficient way to package items for distribution. Even with the advancement of app-oriented solutions to a variety of problems across many industries there is a distinct unmet need in distribution environments for an application capable of increasing the efficiency and accuracy of packaging items. This senior project focused on the development and testing of an application utilizing the Structure Three Dimensional Sensor and a 4th generation iPad to scan an object or group of objects to be packaged and determine the overall dimensions …

On Color Fixing Groups Associated With Colored Symmetrical Tilings, April Lynne D. Say-Awen, Ma. Louise Antonette N. De Las Peñas, Teofina A. Rapanut

Mathematics Faculty Publications

In this paper, we contribute to the study of colored symmetrical tilings by giving formulas for their associated color fixing groups. In the second part of the paper we provide an application of the results in describing symmetry groups of nanostructures.

Schwarzschild Spacetime And Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker Cosmology, Zachary Cohen

Honors Scholar Theses

The advent of General Relativity via Einstein's field equations revolutionized our understanding of gravity in our solar system and universe. The idea of General Relativity posits that gravity is entirely due to the geometry of the universe -- that is, the mass distribution throughout the universe results in the "curving" of spacetime, which gives us the physics we see on a large scale. In the framework of General Relativity, we find that the universe behaves differently than was predicted in the model of gravitation developed by Newton. We will derive the general relativistic model for a simple system near a …

Efficient Estimation Of Cluster Population, Sanjeev K C

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Partitioning a given set of points into clusters is a well known problem in pattern recognition, data mining, and knowledge discovery. One of the well known methods for identifying clusters in Euclidean space is the K-mean algorithm. In using the K-mean clustering algorithm it is necessary to know the value of k (the number of clusters) in advance. We propose to develop algorithms for good estimation of k for points distributed in two dimensions. The techniques we pursue include a bucketing method, g-hop neighbors, and Voronoi diagrams. We also present experimental results for examining the performances of the bucketing method …

Solving Ordinary Differential Equations Using Differential Forms And Lie Groups, Richard M. Shumate

Senior Honors Theses

Differential equations have bearing on practically every scientific field. Though they are prevalent in nature, they can be challenging to solve. Most of the work done in differential equations is dependent on the use of many methods to solve particular types of equations. Sophus Lie proposed a modern method of solving ordinary differential equations in the 19th century along with a coordinate free variation of finding the infinitesimal generator by combining the influential work of Élie Cartan among others in the field of differential geometry. The driving idea behind using symmetries to solve differential equations is that there exists a …

Discovering Geometric And Topological Properties Of Ellipsoids By Curvatures, Lina Wu, Shihshu Walter Wei, Jia Liu, Ye Li

Publications and Research

Aims/ Objectives: We are interested in discovering the geometric, topological and physical properties of ellipsoids by analyzing curvature properties on ellipsoids. We begin with studying ellipsoids as a starting point. Our aim is to find a way to study geometric, topological and physical properties from the analytic curvature properties for convex hyper-surfaces in the general setting.

Study Design: Multiple-discipline study between Differential Geometry, Topology and Mathematical Physics.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Mathematics (Borough of Manhattan Community College-The City University of New York), Department of Mathematics (University of Oklahoma), Department of Mathematics and Statistics (University of West Florida), …

Topological Manifolds, Grant Wilson

Thinking Matters Symposium Archive

Topological Manifolds are abstract spaces that locally resemble Euclidean space. For example, consider a round globe and a flat map. The map is a 2-dimensional representation of a 3-dimensional space. Given any point on the globe we can find a corresponding position on the map, and vice versa. This correspondence is called a chart. With a sufficient number of charts, we can describe the whole space. Such a collection of charts is called an Atlas. It is possible to construct different Atlases for the same space, allowing us to move from one chart, to the space, to another chart. This …

Inside Out: Properties Of The Klein Bottle, Andrew Pogg, Jennifer Daigle, Deirdra Brown

Thinking Matters Symposium Archive

A Klein Bottle is a two-dimensional manifold in mathematics that, despite appearing like an ordinary bottle, is actually completely closed and completely open at the same time. The Klein Bottle, which can be represented in three dimensions with self-intersection, is a four dimensional object with no intersection of material. In this presentation we illustrate some topological properties of the Klein Bottle, use the Möbius Strip to help demonstrate the construction of the Klein Bottle, and use mathematical properties to show that the Klein Bottle intersection that appears in ℝ3 does not exist in ℝ4. Introduction: Topology

The Riemann Curvature Tensor, Its Invariants, And Their Use In The Classification Of Spacetimes, Jesse Hicks

Presentations and Publications

The equivalence problem in general relativity is to determine whether two solutions of the Einstein field equations are isometric. Petrov has given a classification of metrics according to their isometry algebras. This talk discusses the use of the Petrov classification scheme, together with the use of scalar curvature invariants, to address the equivalence problem. These are the slides for a presentation at the Mathematics Association of America Spring 2015 conference at Brigham Young University.

Geometrization Conditions For Perfect Fluids, Scalar Fields, And Electromagnetic Fields, Charles G. Torre, Dionisios Krongos

Presentations and Publications

Rainich-type conditions giving a spacetime “geometrization” of matter fields in general relativity are reviewed and extended. Three types of matter are considered: perfect fluids, scalar fields, and elec- tromagnetic fields. Necessary and sufficient conditions on a spacetime metric for it to be part of a perfect fluid solution of the Einstein equa- tions are given. Formulas for constructing the fluid from the metric are obtained. All fluid results hold for any spacetime dimension. Ge- ometric conditions on a metric which are necessary and sufficient for it to define a solution of the Einstein-scalar field equations and for- mulas for constructing …

Non-Isomorphic Real Simple Lie Algebras Of The Same Complex Type And Character, Ian M. Anderson

Tutorials on... in 1 hour or less

Complex simple Lie algebras are classified by their root types. The type of a real simple Lie algebra is the root type of the associated complex algebra. The character of a real simple Lie algebra is the signature of its Killing form.

For many root types, the character is sufficient to uniquely classify the corresponding real Lie algebras. However, one should not take this statement to be literally true – there are a few cases where the character does not suffice to distinguish all possible real forms.

In this worksheet we will show that the 2 real non-isomorphic Lie algebras …