Lattice-Ordered Pregroups Are Semi-Distributive,
2021
University of Denver
Lattice-Ordered Pregroups Are Semi-Distributive, Nikolaos Galatos, Peter Jipsen, Michael Kinyon, Adam Přenosil
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We prove that the lattice reduct of every lattice-ordered pregroup is semidistributive. This is a consequence of a certain weak form of the distributive law which holds in lattice-ordered pregroups.
A Gentle Introduction To Inequalities: A Casebook From The Fullerton Mathematical Circle,
2021
California State University, Fullerton
A Gentle Introduction To Inequalities: A Casebook From The Fullerton Mathematical Circle, Adam Glesser, Matt Rathbun, Bogdan Suceavă
Journal of Math Circles
Run for nearly a decade, the Fullerton Mathematical Circle at California State University, Fullerton prepares middle and high school students for mathematical research by exposing them to difficult problems whose solutions require only age-appropriate techniques and background. This work highlights one of the avenues of study, namely inequalities. We cover Engel's lemma, the Cauchy--Schwartz inequality, and the AM-GM inequality, as well as providing a wealth of problems where these results can be applied. Full solutions or hints, several written by Math Circle students, are given for all of the problems, as well as some commentary on how or when to …
Mathematical Magic: A Study Of Number Puzzles,
2021
Maryville College
Mathematical Magic: A Study Of Number Puzzles, Nicasio M. Velez
Rose-Hulman Undergraduate Mathematics Journal
Within this paper, we will briefly review the history of a collection of number puzzles which take the shape of squares, polygons, and polyhedra in both modular and nonmodular arithmetic. Among other results, we develop construction techniques for solutions of both Modulo and regular Magic Squares. For other polygons in nonmodular arithmetic, specifically of order 3, we present a proof of why there are only four Magic Triangles using linear algebra, disprove the existence of the Magic Tetrahedron in two ways, and utilizing the infamous 3-SUM combinatorics problem we disprove the existence of the Magic Octahedron.
On Rank-Two And Affine Cluster Algebras,
2021
Claremont Colleges
On Rank-Two And Affine Cluster Algebras, Feiyang Lin
HMC Senior Theses
Motivated by existing results about the Kronecker cluster algebra, this thesis is concerned with two families of cluster algebras, which are two different ways of generalizing the Kronecker case: rank-two cluster algebras, and cluster algebras of type An,1. Regarding rank-two cluster algebras, our main result is a conjectural bijection that would prove the equivalence of two combinatorial formulas for cluster variables of rank-two skew-symmetric cluster algebras. We identify a technical result that implies the bijection and make partial progress towards its proof. We then shift gears to study certain power series which arise as limits of ratios of …
Zn Orbifolds Of Vertex Operator Algebras,
2021
University of Denver
Zn Orbifolds Of Vertex Operator Algebras, Daniel Graybill
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Given a vertex algebra V and a group of automorphisms of V, the invariant subalgebra VG is called an orbifold of V. This construction appeared first in physics and was also fundamental to the construction of the Moonshine module in the work of Borcherds. It is expected that nice properties of V such as C2-cofiniteness and rationality will be inherited by VG if G is a finite group. It is also expected that under reasonable hypotheses, if V is strongly finitely generated and G is reductive, VG will also be strongly finitely generated. This is an analogue …
The Complexity Of Symmetry,
2021
Claremont Colleges
The Complexity Of Symmetry, Matthew Lemay
HMC Senior Theses
One of the main goals of theoretical computer science is to prove limits on how efficiently certain Boolean functions can be computed. The study of the algebraic complexity of polynomials provides an indirect approach to exploring these questions, which may prove fruitful since much is known about polynomials already from the field of algebra. This paper explores current research in establishing lower bounds on invariant rings and polynomial families. It explains the construction of an invariant ring for whom a succinct encoding would imply that NP is in P/poly. It then states a theorem about the circuit complexity partial …
On The Inverse Hull Of A One-Sided Shift Of Finite Type,
2021
Claremont Colleges
On The Inverse Hull Of A One-Sided Shift Of Finite Type, Aria Beaupre
HMC Senior Theses
Let S be the semigroup constructed from a one-sided shift of finite type. In this thesis, we will provide the construction of H(S), the inverse hull of S, explore the properties of H(S), and begin to characterize the structure of H(S). We will also focus on a kind of one-sided shift of finite type, Markov shifts, and prove an invariant on isomorphic inverse hulls of Markov shifts.
Interdisciplinary Thinking: Financial Literacy Crosses Disciplinary Boundaries,
2021
CUNY Guttman Community College
Interdisciplinary Thinking: Financial Literacy Crosses Disciplinary Boundaries, Marla A. Sole
Publications and Research
Financial literacy is ideally suited to be integrated into mathematics courses and taught in an interdisciplinary manner. Students learn best and are motivated when tackling real-world meaningful questions. This article shares how elementary mathematics was applied to better understand the debate about raising the minimum wage and the United States National Debt. To serve as a guide for other teachers who wish to incorporate financial literacy into their mathematics courses and take an interdisciplinary approach, this article suggests readings, data sets, and pedagogical practices. Students were engaged and enthusiastic to work on problems that challenged their thinking about financial issues.
Cayley Map Embeddings Of Complete Graphs,
2021
Rollins College
Cayley Map Embeddings Of Complete Graphs, Miriam Scheinblum
Honors Program Theses
This paper looks at Cayley map embeddings of complete graphs on orientable surfaces. Cayley maps constrain graph embeddings to those with cyclical edge rotations, so optimal embeddings on surfaces with the minimum genus may not always be possible. We explore instances when Cayley maps succeed at optimally embedding complete graphs, and when optimal embeddings are not possible, we determine how close to optimal they can get by finding vertex rotations that result in the smallest possible genus. Many of the complete graphs we consider have prime numbers of vertices, so for each complete graph Kn we focus on mappings with …
About Automorphisms Of Some Finite Groups,
2021
West Chester University
About Automorphisms Of Some Finite Groups, Sarah Emery
West Chester University Master’s Theses
This thesis gives an introduction to some topics from group theory, with a focus on automorphism groups of finite groups. Chapter one introduces the basic definitions and properties of groups and subgroups. In chapter two, the different classifications of functions between groups are defined and some properties thereof are given. Here we define automorphisms which are the focus of the paper. Chapters three and four deal with permutation groups and Sylow theorems respectively, and are discussions of some important groups, subgroups, and theorems pertaining thereto. The topics of these chapters help with our discussion of automorphism groups in the final …
Counting Conjugacy Classes Of Elements Of Finite Order In Compact Exceptional Groups,
2021
Colby College
Counting Conjugacy Classes Of Elements Of Finite Order In Compact Exceptional Groups, Qidong He
Honors Theses
Given a compact exceptional group $G$ and $m,s\in\mathbb{N}$, let $N(G,m)$ be the number of conjugacy classes of elements of order $m$ in $G$, and $N(G,m,s)$ the number of such classes whose elements have $s$ distinct eigenvalues. In string theory, the problem of enumerating certain classes of vacua in the string landscape can be rephrased in terms of the study of these quantities. We develop unified combinatorial algorithms based on Burnside's Lemma that can be used to compute both quantities for each of the five compact exceptional groups. Thus, we provide a combinatorial, alternative method to that of Djoković and extend …
Proctoring And Apps In College Algebra,
2021
University of Kentucky
Proctoring And Apps In College Algebra, Cynthia M. Shelton
Theses and Dissertations--Education Sciences
The pandemic forced more instructors and students to move to online learning. For the first time, many experienced a loosening of the reigns and were forced to allow students to submit non-proctored work. Many may have questioned what students really learned in the year 2020. Many college math course competencies emphasize procedures. Now that apps can do that for students, where does that leave math instructors? Additionally, online instruction has exploded over the last decade and has challenged the teaching of college mathematics. While online instruction opens the door to access, it does beg the question of whether students complete …
Maximums Of Total Betti Numbers In Hilbert Families,
2021
University of Kentucky
Maximums Of Total Betti Numbers In Hilbert Families, Jay White
Theses and Dissertations--Mathematics
Fix a family of ideals in a polynomial ring and consider the problem of finding a single ideal in the family that has Betti numbers that are greater than or equal to the Betti numbers of every ideal in the family. Or decide if this special ideal even exists. Bigatti, Hulett, and Pardue showed that if we take the ideals with a fixed Hilbert function, there is such an ideal: the lexsegment ideal. Caviglia and Murai proved that if we take the saturated ideals with a fixed Hilbert polynomial, there is also such an ideal. We present a generalization of …
Weight Distributions, Automorphisms, And Isometries Of Cyclic Orbit Codes,
2021
University of Kentucky
Weight Distributions, Automorphisms, And Isometries Of Cyclic Orbit Codes, Hunter Lehmann
Theses and Dissertations--Mathematics
Cyclic orbit codes are subspace codes generated by the action of the Singer subgroup Fqn* on an Fq-subspace U of Fqn. The weight distribution of a code is the vector whose ith entry is the number of codewords with distance i to a fixed reference space in the code. My dissertation investigates the structure of the weight distribution for cyclic orbit codes. We show that for full-length orbit codes with maximal possible distance the weight distribution depends only on q,n and the dimension of U. For full-length orbit codes with …
Solubility Of Additive Forms Over Local Fields,
2021
University of Kentucky
Solubility Of Additive Forms Over Local Fields, Drew Duncan
Theses and Dissertations--Mathematics
Michael Knapp, in a previous work, conjectured that every additive sextic form over $\mathbb{Q}_2(\sqrt{-1})$ and $\mathbb{Q}_2(\sqrt{-5})$ in seven variables has a nontrivial zero. In this dissertation, I show that this conjecture is true, establishing that $$\Gamma^*(6, \mathbb{Q}_2(\sqrt{-1})) = \Gamma^*(6, \mathbb{Q}_2(\sqrt{-5})) = 7.$$ I then determine the minimal number of variables $\Gamma^*(d, K)$ which guarantees a nontrivial solution for every additive form of degree $d=2m$, $m$ odd, $m \ge 3$ over the six ramified quadratic extensions of $\mathbb{Q}_2$. We prove that if $$K \in \{\mathbb{Q}_2(\sqrt{2}), \mathbb{Q}_2(\sqrt{10}), \mathbb{Q}_2(\sqrt{-2}), \mathbb{Q}_2(\sqrt{-10})\},$$ then $$\Gamma^*(d,K) = \frac{3}{2}d,$$ and if $$K \in \{\mathbb{Q}_2(\sqrt{-1}), \mathbb{Q}_2(\sqrt{-5})\},$$ then $$\Gamma^*(d,K) = …
On Properties Of Positive Semigroups In Lattices And Totally Real Number Fields,
2021
Claremont Colleges
On Properties Of Positive Semigroups In Lattices And Totally Real Number Fields, Siki Wang
CMC Senior Theses
In this thesis, we give estimates on the successive minima of positive semigroups in lattices and ideals in totally real number fields. In Chapter 1 we give a brief overview of the thesis, while Chapters 2 – 4 provide expository material on some fundamental theorems about lattices, number fields and height functions, hence setting the necessary background for the original results presented in Chapter 5. The results in Chapter 5 can be summarized as follows. For a full-rank lattice L ⊂ Rd, we are concerned with the semigroup L+ ⊆ L, which denotes the set of all vectors with nonnegative …
Obstructive Wiring Patterns To Circular Planarity In Electrical Networks,
2021
The University of Akron
Obstructive Wiring Patterns To Circular Planarity In Electrical Networks, Hannah Lebo
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
In order for an electrical network to be printed on a flat surface without changing the network’s input or output, it is important to consider if any wires will cross and if this problem can be avoided. If a circular network can be printed so that no wires cross, the network is said to be circular planar. In this paper, we identify a number of wiring patterns that make circular planarity impossible. We find exactly 3 wiring patterns using circular pairs with sets of two nodes, and we find exactly 78 wiring patterns using circular pairs with sets of three …
On The Ranks Of String C-Group Representations For Symplectic And Orthogonal Groups,
2021
Bucknell University
On The Ranks Of String C-Group Representations For Symplectic And Orthogonal Groups, Peter A. Brooksbank
Faculty Journal Articles
We determine the ranks of string C-group representations of the groups PSp(4,q)=Ω(5,q), and comment on those of higher-dimensional symplectic and orthogonal groups.
Formal Power Series Approach To Nonlinear Systems With Static Output Feedback,
2021
Old Dominion University
Formal Power Series Approach To Nonlinear Systems With Static Output Feedback, G.S. Venkatesh, W. Steven Gray
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
The goal of this paper is to compute the generating series of a closed-loop system when the plant is described in terms of a Chen-Fliess series and static output feedback is applied. The first step is to reconsider the so called Wiener-Fliess connection consisting of a Chen-Fliess series followed by a memoryless function. Of particular importance will be the contractive nature of this map, which is needed to show that the closed-loop system has a Chen-Fliess series representation. To explicitly compute the generating series, two Hopf algebras are needed, the existing output feedback Hopf algebra used to describe dynamic output …
The Beautiful Math Of Everything And You Included,
2020
University of Maryland, College Park
The Beautiful Math Of Everything And You Included, E. Ozie
The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal
This a reflection on how there is beautiful math to everything. An author's interpretation of matrices and mechanics in its relationship to someone's identity.
