Research Progress In Cycle Stability Of Silicon Based Li-Ion Battery Anodes, 2016 State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
Research Progress In Cycle Stability Of Silicon Based Li-Ion Battery Anodes, Ze-Liang Guo, Hui Wu
Journal of Electrochemistry
Silicon(Si), with the highest specific capacity currently known, is a promising anode material for Li-ion battery. However, in the charging and discharging process, with Li atoms inserting into and breaking out of the Si crystal lattices, the Si anode undergoes enormous volume expansion and contraction, ending in pulverization. The fact that the specific capacity of bulk Si anodes drop quickly is a challenging problem. In this review, we summarize recent progresses in Si anode. We concern about the nanostructure of silicon, cooperation of silicon with other additives and macrostructure design of anodes. We discuss strengths and shortcomings of different methods, …
Template-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis Of Nio@Co3O4 Hollow Spheres With Hierarchical Porous Surfaces For Supercapacitor Applications, 2016 MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
Template-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis Of Nio@Co3O4 Hollow Spheres With Hierarchical Porous Surfaces For Supercapacitor Applications, Wen Zhou, Xue-Feng Lu, Ming-Mei Wu, Gao-Ren Li
Journal of Electrochemistry
Hollow structures have shown great potentials in a variety of important applications, such as energy conversion and storage. In order to further enhance the performance, the rational design of hollow structures with higher complexity in terms of composition and structure is highly desirable and still remains a great challenge. In this work, an efficient strategy was established for the fabrication of novel NiO@Co3O4 hollow spheres (HSs) with hierarchical porous surfaces by silica spheres template-assisted hydrothermal synthesis. The as-fabricated NiO@Co3O4 HSs showed high specific surface area of 219.68 m2·g-1, and significant …
Continuous Synthesis And Condition Exploration Of Precursor Ni1/3co1/3mn1/3(Oh)2 Ternary Cathode Material, 2016 Zibo Guoli New Power Source technology Co., Ltd., Zibo, Shandong 255086, China;Zibo Engineering Technology Research Center of Asymmetric Large Power Capacitor Battery, Zibo, Shandong 255086, China;
Continuous Synthesis And Condition Exploration Of Precursor Ni1/3co1/3mn1/3(Oh)2 Ternary Cathode Material, Jiang Zhi-Jun, Ya-Li Zhang, Wang Qian, Zhang Hui
Journal of Electrochemistry
Commercial LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3(OH)2 ternary material is generally prepared by a combination of co-precipitation and solid state reaction method. The particle size distribution and morphology of Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3(OH)2 precursor have a great impact on the electrochemical performance of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2. In this work, the precursor Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3(OH)2 ternary cathode material was prepared by co-precipitation method with MnSO4, NiSO4, and CoSO4 as raw materials, NaOH as a precipitating agent and NH3 …
The Tribology And Chemistry Of Phosphorus Containing Lubricant Additives, 2016 University of Dayton
The Tribology And Chemistry Of Phosphorus Containing Lubricant Additives, David W. Johnson
Chemistry Faculty Publications
Phosphate esters, thiophosphate esters and metal thiophosphates have been used as lubricant additives for over 50 years. Recently, phosphorus‐containing ionic liquids have emerged as a new class of lubricant additives. While the use of phosphorus compounds has been extensive, a detailed knowledge of how they work has been a much more recent development. In this chapter, the use of phosphate esters, thiophosphate esters, metal thiophosphates and phosphorus‐containing ionic liquids as antiwear or extreme pressure additives is discussed. The primary emphasis will be on how they form a protective film, which is both durable and reduces friction. The first part of …
In Situ Ion Exchange In A Micro-Porous Transition Metal Silicate Framework, 2016 Western Kentucky University
In Situ Ion Exchange In A Micro-Porous Transition Metal Silicate Framework, Jason M. Lively
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Ion selectivity of minerals has traditionally been utilized in industry as a catalyst, metal separation, and environmental reclamation/sequestration tool. There is an increased interest in understanding ion selectivity mechanisms of micro-porous minerals and mineral-like structures and how they can be applied in various industries: environmental and, potentially, pharmaceutical. This study seeks to understand the ion exchange mechanisms in micro-porous zirconosilicates using time-resolved Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The thesis material was exchanged with H+, Na+, K+, and Cs+ in order to better understand structural changes as well as the influence of the H+-bonding during the exchange process. It is hypothesized …
Metal-Organic Hybrid Nanocomposites For Energy Harvesting Applications, 2016 Western Kentucky University
Metal-Organic Hybrid Nanocomposites For Energy Harvesting Applications, Thulitha Madawa Abeywickrama
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Various synthetic methods have been developed to produce metal nanostructures including copper and iron nanostructures. Modification of nanoparticle surface to enhance their characteristic properties through surface functionalization with organic ligands ranging from small molecules to polymeric materials including organic semiconducting polymers is a key interest in nanoscience. However, most of the synthetic methods developed in the past depend widely on non-aqueous solvents, toxic reducing agents, and high temperature and high-pressure conditions. Therefore, to produce metal nanostructures and their nanocomposites with a simpler and greener method is indeed necessary and desirable for their nano-scale applications. Hence the objective of this thesis …
An Investigation Of The Requirements For Excimer Formation And Charge Stabilization In Model Pi-Stacked Assemblies, 2016 Marquette University
An Investigation Of The Requirements For Excimer Formation And Charge Stabilization In Model Pi-Stacked Assemblies, Brandon Uhler
Dissertations (1934 -)
Formation of -stacked excimers plays an important role in many systems, ranging from biological phenomena and polymer formation and function to photovoltaic devices and organic molecular electronics. In these systems, the geometrical reorganization of the ground state upon photoexcitation is still a subject of debate. In this work, we compare the dynamics of excimer formation and hole (charge) stabilization in fluorene and fluorene-based model systems. We use a variety of gas-phase methods to examine the spectroscopy and dynamics of these systems, including Two-Color Resonant Two-Photon Ionization (2CR2PI), Hole-Burning (HB), Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF), and Dispersed Fluorescence (DF). In order to …
Preface-Jes Focus Issue On Electrolysis For Increased Renewable Energy Penetration, 2016 Old Dominion University
Preface-Jes Focus Issue On Electrolysis For Increased Renewable Energy Penetration, B. Pivovar, M. Carmo, K. Ayers, X. Zhang, J. O'Brien
Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications
(First paragraph) Today represents a particularly exciting time, as our planet’s energy system is undergoing major changes due to dramatically decreasing renewable energy prices and increasing societal concerns over greenhouse gas emissions, criteria pollutants (arsenic, mercury, NOx, particulate matter), and climate change. These factors are pushing society toward deep decarbonization of our energy system, perhaps the most challenging issue facing the planet today. Unfortunately, wind and solar energy, while both promising generation sources, come with intermittency challenges and have limitations in their abilities to impact industrial and transportation sector demands where fossil fuel energy carriers based on chemical bonds have …
Nmr Studies Of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, 2016 The Graduate Center, City University of New York
Nmr Studies Of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, Jing Peng
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Electrochemical energy storage materials constitute essential elements in the development of sustainable energy technologies. They are crucial for improving the efficiency of energy storage devices to facilitate the use of renewable resources. The increasing human demands for energy and limitation of fossil fuel stimulates the continued development of energy storage materials. Better understanding of their working mechanisms and electrochemical properties from a view of chemistry is quite necessary for improving the energy storage technology. In this work, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has been used as a powerful tool to characterize the solvation behavior and diffusion ability of some commonly used …
Probing The Structure And Photophysics Of Porphyrinoid Systems For Functional Materials, 2016 The Graduate Center, City University of New York
Probing The Structure And Photophysics Of Porphyrinoid Systems For Functional Materials, Christopher D. Farley
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Porphyrins (Pors) and their many cousins, including phthalocyanines (Pcs), corroles (Cors), subphthalocyanines (SubPcs), porphyrazines (Pzs), and naphthalocyanines (NPcs), play amazingly diverse roles in biological and non-biological systems because of their unique and tunable physical and chemical properties. These compounds, collectively known as porphyrinoids, can be employed in any number of functional devices that have the potential to address the challenges of modern society. Their incorporation into such devices, however, depends on many structural factors that must be well understood and carefully controlled in order to achieve the desired behavior. Self-assembly and self-organization are key processes for developing these new technologies, …
Photodynamic Killing Of Human Cancer Cells With Smart Photosensitizer Materials And An Endoscopic Implement For Singlet Oxygen Delivery, 2016 The Graduate Center, City University of New York
Photodynamic Killing Of Human Cancer Cells With Smart Photosensitizer Materials And An Endoscopic Implement For Singlet Oxygen Delivery, Mihaela N. Minnis
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The thesis describes progress on probe tips for a microoptic device for the precise delivery of the components necessary for photodynamic therapy (PDT) in a highly localized and controllable fashion. The thesis also summarizes results of a photosensitized oxidation study. The work focused on i) developing a photoactive fluoropolymer surface that will release sensitizer drug molecule for use in PDT, ii) designing new probe tips surfaces for use as sensitizer support for a microoptic PDT device, iii) exploring strategies for covalent attachment of sensitizers and model compounds to Teflon/PVA surfaces with the aim of being coupled with our microoptic device, …
Nanostructured Air Electrodes And Electrochemical Reaction Mechanism Studies For Sodium-Oxygen Batteries, 2016 The University of Western Ontario
Nanostructured Air Electrodes And Electrochemical Reaction Mechanism Studies For Sodium-Oxygen Batteries, Hossein Yadegari
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Alkali metal-O2 batteries, i.e. Li- and Na-O2, are considered as the next generation of energy saving technologies with potential application in electric transportation. The high theoretical energy density in these cells is related to the use of high energy alkali metals as negative and oxygen as the positive electrode materials. The performance of alkali metal-O2 cells is highly dependent on the positive electrode material, where oxygen reduction and evolution reactions take place. Besides, the primary products of oxygen reduction reaction in these cells are typically metal oxides, which are insoluble in nonaqueous electrolytes, resulting in accumulation …
Model Of The Formation Of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles By Irradiation In Aqueous Media, 2016 The University of Western
Model Of The Formation Of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles By Irradiation In Aqueous Media, Thomas I. Sutherland
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This thesis aims to develop the mechanistic understanding of the formation of iron oxide nanoparticles by γ-irradiation. Under irradiation water breaks down into a wide array of redox active species (H•, •OH, H2O2, •e-(aq)) uniformly throughout the solution. These species are capable of rapidly interconverting any soluble FeII and insoluble FeIII species resulting in the formation of nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution. The initial concentration of Fe2+ in the solution, the solution pH, the presence of any radical scavengers, the temperature of the reaction, and the dose rate of …
Electrophilic Activation Of Silicon–Hydrogen Bonds In Catalytic Hydrosilations, 2016 University of California, Berkeley
Electrophilic Activation Of Silicon–Hydrogen Bonds In Catalytic Hydrosilations, Mark C. Lipke, Allegra L. Liberman-Martin, T. Don Tilley
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Hydrosilation reactions represent an important class of chemical transformations and there has been considerable recent interest in expanding the scope of these reactions by developing new catalysts. A major theme to emerge from these investigations is the development of catalysts with electrophilic character that transfer electrophilicity to silicon by Si-H activation. This type of mechanism has been proposed for catalysts ranging from Group 4 transition metals to Group 15 main group species. Additionally, other electrophilic silicon species, such as silylene complexes and η3-H2SiRR′ complexes, have been identified as intermediates in hydrosilation reactions. In this Review, different types of catalysts are …
Lubricants For Turbine Engines, 2016 University of Dayton
Lubricants For Turbine Engines, David W. Johnson
Chemistry Faculty Publications
The lubricant systems used in turbine engine applications are discussed with respect to the particular problems associated with aircraft applications. After initially describing the relevant specifications, the typical basestocks are described along with some common degradation schemes. The additive systems, including antioxidants, anti-foaming agents, and anti-wear additives needed to achieve the typical specifications, are described along with their mechanism of action and degradation mechanisms. The methods used for the monitoring of lubricant health, including in-line and offline methods, are also discussed. Finally, future changes in specifications, basestocks, and additives are discussed with respect to new, high-performance bearing materials.
Revisiting The Fenceplot For The Maxwell Construction Of A Van Der Waals Fluid, 2016 University of Connecticut
Revisiting The Fenceplot For The Maxwell Construction Of A Van Der Waals Fluid, Carl W. David
Chemistry Education Materials
An earlier published plot intended to better explain the Maxwell construction of the vapor pressure construct for van der Waals fluids is improved using Inkscape.
Fabrications Of Three Copper Sulfide Counter Electrodes And Their Influences On Photovoltaic Properties In Qdsscs, 2016 Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Lab for Soft Functional Materials Research, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005;
Fabrications Of Three Copper Sulfide Counter Electrodes And Their Influences On Photovoltaic Properties In Qdsscs, Xiao-Dan Hong, Zi-Jie Xu, Fa-Yin Zhang, Yu-Peng Li, Mei-Dan Ye, Chang-Jian Lin, Wen-Xi Guo
Journal of Electrochemistry
Quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) have attracted intensive attention in scientific and industrial fields due to their high molar extinction coefficient, spectral tunability by particle size, ease of fabrication, and low cost. In the past years, semiconductor metal sulfides have attracted extensive attention because of their attractive physical and chemical properties for potential applications in many fields,such as PbS, CuS, CoS and CdS. In particular, copper sulfides have become a promising candidate for counter electrode materials in QDSSCs for their outstanding electrochemical and catalytic properties. In order to explore more stable and efficient copper sulfide counter electrode materials, in this …
Preparations And Photoelectrochemical Properties Of Phosphate Modified Rgo-Biobr Nanocomposites, 2016 Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China;
Preparations And Photoelectrochemical Properties Of Phosphate Modified Rgo-Biobr Nanocomposites, Shuang-Ying Chen, Zhi-Jun Li, Xu-Liang Zhang, Kang Hu, Rui Yan, Li-Qiang Jing
Journal of Electrochemistry
The RGO-BiOBr nanocomposites have been successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal process, and then modified with phosphorous acids. The photoelectrochemical properties of the fabricated RGO-BiOBr nanocomposite films were studied. The results indicate that the photocurrent densities of RGO-BiOBr were much larger compared with those of the bare BiOBr, and interestingly, the photocurrent densities were further improved after phosphate modification. Based on the analyses of the produced hydroxyl radical amounts, the enhanced photocurrent densities could be attributed to the introduction of RGO and to the formed negative fields of modified phosphate groups, which are favorable for electrons to be transferred and for …
Theoretical Study Of Photoelectrochemical Reactions And Ec-Sers On Spr Metallic Electrodes Of Silver And Gold, 2016 Department of Chemistry,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China;
Theoretical Study Of Photoelectrochemical Reactions And Ec-Sers On Spr Metallic Electrodes Of Silver And Gold, Yuan-Fei Wu, Ran Pang, Meng Zhang, Jian-Zhang Zhou, Bin Ren, Zhong-Qun Tian, De-Yin Wu
Journal of Electrochemistry
At present photoelectrochemistry has received much concern back to nanostructures of noble metals from semiconductor electrodes. This is due to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect of metallic nanostructures, which can effectively convert the far-field light to the near-field light and concentrate the photonic energy to the local surface area with high energy density. Thus, the different enhancement mechanisms, such as the local optical field enhancement, the formation of light generated hot carriers (hot electron-hole pairs), or the photothermal effect, have been proposed in literatures. On the basis of the SPR enhancement effect, the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) can be …
Special Issue: Photoelectrochemistry And New Types Of Solar Cells, 2016 State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University;
Special Issue: Photoelectrochemistry And New Types Of Solar Cells, Chang-Jian Lin, Yong-Fang Li
Journal of Electrochemistry
Human society has been facing a global energy problem and gigantic challenge, due to the continually increasing energy demand to support economic growth, the gradual depletion of fossil fuels, and the greenhouse effect caused by fossil fuel combustion. Promoted development of various renewable energies becomes one of the most common issues and hot topics in the world. Photovoltaic technology is most attractive and has been fastest developing as a green and renewable energy in solar applications. The Sun shines on the Earth, thus providing around 3 × 1024 J of green energy per year, if covering only around 0.1% of …