Ultrafast And Real-Time Dynamics Of Nanomaterials Studied By Advanced Spectroscopic Techniques,
2019
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Ultrafast And Real-Time Dynamics Of Nanomaterials Studied By Advanced Spectroscopic Techniques, Jeewan Chaminda Ranasinghe
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Ultrafast and nonlinear spectroscopies are used to study excited-state dynamics and monitor real-time growth dynamics of different types of nanomaterials. In the first study, the growth dynamics of colloidal gold-silver core-shell nanoparticles are studied using in situ second harmonic generation and extinction spectroscopy. The growth lifetimes are studied under different reaction conditions, resulting in different silver shell thicknesses, with spectral comparisons to finite-difference time-domain calculations. The results are consistent with a three-step growth process. During the first step of the nanoparticle growth reaction, rough and uneven surfaces are formed rapidly giving rise to plasmonic hot spots with corresponding broad, red-shifted …
It's Elementary: A Review Of Forensic Analysis Techniques Of Inorganic Components Of Explosives,
2019
Taylor University
It's Elementary: A Review Of Forensic Analysis Techniques Of Inorganic Components Of Explosives, Sadie Schultz
Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects
No abstract provided.
Antioxidants And Beta-Carotene: A General Overview, A Research History, And Modern Scholarship,
2019
Taylor University
Antioxidants And Beta-Carotene: A General Overview, A Research History, And Modern Scholarship, James Joseph Dickman Iv
Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects
This paper seeks to provide a cursory overview of oxidative stress and the accompanying biomolecules which are used to combat it. From there, the paper will provide a somewhat comprehensive list of major historical discoveries regarding antioxidant molecules, in particular beta-carotene. After this, an overview of more modern scholarship on the issue of these molecule’s antioxidant properties specific (from the 1970s onward) will be discussed up to modern times. The paper will conclude with an in depth look at the modern scholarship on beta-carotene that was performed here at Taylor University.
Bone Regeneration Via Inorganic/Organic Compatibility In A Newly Synthesized Hydrogel: Nhap-Bmp-2,
2019
Taylor University
Bone Regeneration Via Inorganic/Organic Compatibility In A Newly Synthesized Hydrogel: Nhap-Bmp-2, Hannah Ewing
Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects
In this paper, nHAp-BMP-2 hydrogel is carefully synthesized in order to optimize the organic and inorganic compatibility which induces osteogenesis—the formation of new bone. This new method is a novel development within the medical field, giving more hope to those suffering from traumatic bone injuries. A drawback with using hydrogels is the difficulty of controlling peptide release in the affected areas. Too quick of a release alarms the human inflammatory response resulting in more substantial injury and an even prolonged recovery time. On the other hand, if the peptides that promote bioactivity are released too slowly, the bone will not …
Quantum Chemical Methods: Its History And Future,
2019
Taylor University
Quantum Chemical Methods: Its History And Future, Erica Mitchell
Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects
No abstract provided.
Significance And Implications Of Vitamin B-12 Reaction Shema- Eth Zurich Variant: Mechanisms And Insights,
2019
Taylor University
Significance And Implications Of Vitamin B-12 Reaction Shema- Eth Zurich Variant: Mechanisms And Insights, David Joshua Ferguson
Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects
This is an undergraduate chemistry thesis document. This involves a discussion of the mechanisms and overall reactions involved in the total synthesis of vitamin B-12.
The History And Development Of Identification: Rediscovery And Application Of Egyptian Blue,
2019
Taylor University
The History And Development Of Identification: Rediscovery And Application Of Egyptian Blue, Bailee Allen
Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects
The use of fingerprints as a form of identification in criminal cases has become a common method of conviction within the criminal justice system. However, with the recent rise in the number of people wrongly convicted, the typical sources of evidence have come into question about their reliability. Multiple common drawbacks found when using fingerprints dusting to obtain prints from crime scenes has led to researchers looking for more efficient ways to collect them that maintain high sensitivity and contrast. These are the two aspects that create the largest problem, especially on highly reflective and highly patterned surfaces. The discovery …
The Chemistry Of Jellybeans,
2019
Taylor University
The Chemistry Of Jellybeans, Andrew Carter
Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects
Jellybeans are an amazing work of chemistry. In my paper, I outline the history and science behind this little candy. My paper describes taste receptors, molecular structure, and the analytical chemistry that help to make flavor science an interesting field of work.
Metallodrugs And Their Various Impacts On Disorders And Diseases,
2019
Taylor University
Metallodrugs And Their Various Impacts On Disorders And Diseases, Paige Wagner
Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects
No abstract provided.
Low-Cost, Ambient-Dried, Superhydrophobic, High Strength, Thermally Insulating, And Thermally Resilient Polybenzoxazine Aerogels,
2019
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Low-Cost, Ambient-Dried, Superhydrophobic, High Strength, Thermally Insulating, And Thermally Resilient Polybenzoxazine Aerogels, Sadeq Malakooti, Guoqiang Qin, Chandana Mandal, Rushi Soni, Tahereh Taghvaee, Yao Ren, Huiluo Chen, Nicholas Tsao, James Shiao, Shameek Sushil Kulkarni, Chariklia Sotiriou-Leventis, Nicholas Leventis, Hongbing Lu
Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works
A family of ambient-dried poly benzoxazine aerogels is prepared with a facile and scalable process as a high-performance polymeric aerogel with strong and robust thermomechanical properties at elevated temperatures. Those materials are inherently flame-retardant and superhydrophobic over the entire bulk density range (0.24-0.46 g cm-3). In addition, they are mechanically strong with strengths (e.g., 1 MPa at 0.24 g cm-3 at room temperature) higher than those of other high-performance aerogels of similar density, including polyimide and polyamide (Kevlar-like) aerogels as well as polymer-cross-linked X-silica and X-Vanadia aerogels, at a significantly lower cost. Furthermore, unlike most other glassy polymeric materials, the …
Time-Resolved Observation Of Transient Precursor State Of Co On Ru(0001) Using Carbon K-Edge Spectroscopy,
2019
Stockholm University
Time-Resolved Observation Of Transient Precursor State Of Co On Ru(0001) Using Carbon K-Edge Spectroscopy, Hsin-Yi Wang, Simon Schreck, Matthew Weston, Hirohito Ogasawara, Jerry Larue, Fivos Perakis, Martina Dell'angela, Flavio Capotondi, Luca Giannessi, Emanuele Pedersoli, Denys Naumenko, Ivaylo Nikolov, Lorenzo Raimondi, Carlo Spezzani, Martin Beye, Filippo Cavalca, Boyang Liu, Jörgen Gladh, Sergey Koroidov, Piter S. Miedema, Roberto Costantini, Lars G. M. Pettersson, Anders Nilsson
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
The transient dynamics of carbon monoxide (CO) molecules on a Ru(0001) surface following femtosecond optical laser pump excitation has been studied by monitoring changes in the unoccupied electronic structure using an ultrafast X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) probe. The particular symmetry of perpendicularly chemisorbed CO on the surface is exploited to investigate how the molecular orientation changes with time by varying the polarization of the FEL pulses. The time evolution of spectral features corresponding to the desorption precursor state was well distinguished due to the narrow line-width of the C K-edge in the X-ray absorption (XA) spectrum, illustrating that CO molecules …
Integrating Ligand-Receptor Interactions And In Vitro Evolution For Streamlined Discovery Of Artificial Nucleic Acid Ligands,
2019
CUNY Lehman College
Integrating Ligand-Receptor Interactions And In Vitro Evolution For Streamlined Discovery Of Artificial Nucleic Acid Ligands, Hasan E. Zumrut, Sana Batool, Kimon V. Argyropoulos, Nicole Williams, Roksana Azad, Prabodhika R. Mallikaratchy
Publications and Research
To discover DNA ligands against a predetermined receptor protein complex, we introduce a comprehensive version of ligand-guided selection (LIGS). LIGS is, itself, a variant of systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). Herein, we have optimized LIGS to identify higher affinity aptamers with high specificity. In addition, we demonstrate the expandability of LIGS by performing specific aptamer elution at 25C, utilizing multiple monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against cultured cells and primary cells obtained from human donors expressing the same receptor. Eluted LIGS libraries obtained through Illumina high-throughput (HT) DNA sequencing were analyzed by bioinformatics tools to discover five DNA aptamers …
Production Of Singlet Oxygen (1O2) During The Photochemistry Of Aqueous Pyruvic Acid: The Effects Of Ph And Photon Flux Under Steady-State O2(Aq) Concentration,
2019
University of Kentucky
Production Of Singlet Oxygen (1O2) During The Photochemistry Of Aqueous Pyruvic Acid: The Effects Of Ph And Photon Flux Under Steady-State O2(Aq) Concentration, Alexis J. Eugene, Marcelo I. Guzman
Chemistry Faculty Publications
The photochemistry of pyruvic acid (PA) in aqueous atmospheric particles contributes to the production of secondary organic aerosols. This work investigates the fate of ketyl and acetyl radicals produced during the photolysis (λ ≥ 305 nm) of 5-100 mM PA under steady state [O2(aq)] = 260 μM (1.0 ≤ pH ≤ 4.5) for photon fluxes between 1 and 10 suns. The radicals diffuse quickly into the water/air interface of microbubbles and react with dissolved O2 to produce singlet oxygen (1O2*). Furfuryl alcohol is used to trap and bracket the steady-state production of …
Google Funds Cold Fusion Research; Results Still Negative,
2019
Cleveland State University
Google Funds Cold Fusion Research; Results Still Negative, David W. Ball
Chemistry Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Minimalistic Peptide-Based Supramolecular Systems Relevant To The Chemical Origin Of Life,
2019
CUNY Graduate Center
Minimalistic Peptide-Based Supramolecular Systems Relevant To The Chemical Origin Of Life, Daniela Kroiss
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
All forms of life are based on biopolymers, which are made up of a selection of simple building blocks, such as amino acids, nucleotides, fatty acids and sugars. Their individual properties govern their interactions, giving rise to complex supramolecular structures with highly specialized functionality, including ligand recognition, catalysis and compartmentalization. In this thesis, we aim to answer the question whether short peptides could have acted as precursors of modern proteins during prebiotic evolution. Using a combination of experimental and computational techniques, we screened a large molecular search space for peptide sequences that are capable of forming supramolecular complexes with adenosine …
Synthesis And Characterization Of Multifunctional Transition Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Through A Modified Sol-Gel Method With Application In Energy Storage,
2019
CUNY Graduate Center
Synthesis And Characterization Of Multifunctional Transition Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Through A Modified Sol-Gel Method With Application In Energy Storage, Julien Lombardi
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The Synthesis of transition metal oxide nanoparticles has been studied in great detail over the many years. The most studied transition metal oxide nanoparticles are perovskites of the ABO3 stoichiometry (A and B = transition metal) and more recently double perovskite crystal structures of the AA’BO6 or A2BB’O6 stoichiometry due to the many different properties arising from the many different combinations of elements possible. These materials have proven potentially useful in many fields, but due to properties such as ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism, the desire to integrate these materials into electronics is ever growing. Many synthesis …
Regulation Of Copper Surface Via Redox Reactions For Enhancing Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction,
2019
Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of State Education Ministry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
Regulation Of Copper Surface Via Redox Reactions For Enhancing Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction, Bao-Hua Hang, Jin-Tao Zhang
Journal of Electrochemistry
A large-scale application of fossil fuels has led to excessive emission of carbon dioxide (CO2), resulting in serious environmental issues. A promising path to reducing CO2 emissions is recycling CO2 into valuable chemicals and fuels through an electrochemical process. Herein, the redox reactions between copper (Cu) and ferric chloride (FeCl3) have been utilized to regulate the Cu surface composition and structure, aimed to improve the electrocatalytic activity toward CO2 reduction. Typically, a series of samples (named Cu-1h, Cu-2h, Cu-3h and Cu-4h) were prepared via the redox reactions for various time from 1 to …
Single-Layer Oxygen Deficiency Δ-Mno2 For Electrochemical Co2 Reduction,
2019
School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
Single-Layer Oxygen Deficiency Δ-Mno2 For Electrochemical Co2 Reduction, Yue-Feng Zhang, Jian-Jun Liu, Zeng-Xi Wei, Xin-Xin Tian, Jian-Min Ma
Journal of Electrochemistry
Manganese dioxide (MnO2) has been widely used in catalysis. In addition, since the defect engineering can change the electronic properties of the catalyst, here we have systematically studied electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) on δ-MnO2 with and without oxygen deficiency, denoted as Ov-MnO2 and MnO2, respectively. We calculate the electronic properties and the intermediate of free energy for MnO2 and Ov-MnO2 with the help of spin-polarized density functional theory. By analyzing this result, we can find that the introduction of defects change the δ-MnO2 from semiconducting properties to …
Statuses, Challenges And Strategies In The Development Of Low-Temperature Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction Technology,
2019
Institute for Sustainable Energy/College of Sciences, Shanghai University,99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, China
Statuses, Challenges And Strategies In The Development Of Low-Temperature Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction Technology, Xu-Rui Zhang, Xiao-Lin Shao, Jin Yi, Yu-Yu Liu, Jiu-Jun Zhang
Journal of Electrochemistry
Low-temperature carbon dioxide (CO2) electrochemical reduction technology is a hotspot for research and development in recent years as a way to reduce the negative impact of CO2 on the environment and to generate energy storage through converting electricity to low-carbon fuels. Although basic research on catalyst activity, product selectivity, and reaction mechanism has been widely reported, the design and practicality of catalytic stability and corresponding electrochemical reactor systems have not been given sufficient attention and systematic development. In this paper, two important factors affecting the development of CO2 electrochemical reduction technology in low temperature aqueous solution …
Recent Advances In Bismuth-Based Co2 Reduction Electrocatalysts,
2019
Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
Recent Advances In Bismuth-Based Co2 Reduction Electrocatalysts, Rui Zhou, Na Han, Yan-Guang Li
Journal of Electrochemistry
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is an economical, secure and sustainable carbon resource around us. Its effective capture and recycling have been the focus of our entire society. Using the electrochemical method, CO2 can be reduced to different value-added chemicals or fuels. This approach not only would mitigate CO2 accumulation in the atmosphere, but also would help alleviate our dependence on fossil fuel. In this article, the basic principle and process of electrochemical CO2 reduction are first introduced. The recent development in bismuth-based catalysts for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction is reviewed with an emphasis on their preparation, …
