Organic Chemistry Commons^™

Chemical Tools And Treatments For Neurological Disorders And Infectious Diseases, Andrea Lemus

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Neurological disorders have multiple etiologies such as genetics and age. Stress related disorders are becoming more common and diagnosed more often. Mental health disorders are no longer being treated as purely psychological. Mechanisms into the underlying factors of these disorders continue to bring this area to new frontiers. Chapter 2 of this dissertation focuses on the efforts made to prove the association of the protein FKBP51 to the stress response. We synthesized and used a molecular tool to discover and prove these interactions.

The study of neurodegenerative diseases is of continued importance as the world reaches record numbers of an …

Hierarchical Conjugated Polymer Systems Prepared By Controlled Chain-Growth Polymerization, Chunwa Peter Kei

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

π-Conjugated polymer materials may have a significant economic impact on society by providing means for designing affordable, flexible, and portable organic electronic devices. Their successful commercialization will depend on major scientific advancements, which will challenge human society to seek out ever more detailed and fundamental processes to command. Controlled polymerization affords such a power; allowing for the design of meticulous and precisely defined systems granting detailed insight into structure-property relationships in the polymer materials and bettering understanding of novel physical phenomena.

This dissertation primarily focuses on development and preparation of well-defined hierarchically organized macromolecular systems. The novel chain-growth polymerization methodologies …

Self-Assembly Of 2d And 3d Metallo-Supramolecules With Increasing Complexity, Bo Song

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Synthetic organic chemistry played a crucial role in the construction of molecules through the formation and dissociation of covalent bonds. However, the laborious synthetic procedures as well as the low yield after multiple steps have restricted the pursuit of complicated giant molecules with high efficiency. Being complementary to organic synthesis, self-assembly provided an alternative route to achieving the giant architectures using weak non-covalent interactions in high efficiency, which is in analog to natural systems such as DNA, peptide, and protein. Among the various interactions, coordination has shown unique advantages in terms of directionality, reversibility and strength. Serving as a bottom-up …

Cross-Linked Poly(4-Vinylpyridine-N-Oxide) As A Polymer-Supported Oxygen Atom Transfer Reagent, Anna M. Bauer, Erin E. Ramey, Kjersti G. Oberle, Gretchen A. Fata, Chloe D. Hutchison, Christopher R. Turlington

Faculty Publications

Oxygen atom transfer (OAT) reagents are common in biological and industrial oxidation reactions. While many heterogeneous catalysts have been utilized in OAT reactions, heterogeneous OAT reagents have not been explored. Here, cross-linked poly(4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide), called x-PVP-N-oxide, was tested as a heterogeneous OAT reagent and its oxidation chemistry compared to its molecular counterpart, pyridine-N-oxide. The insoluble oxidant x-PVP-N-oxide demonstrated comparable reactivity to pyridine-N-oxide in direct oxidation reactions of phosphines and phosphites in acetonitrile, but x-PVP-N-oxide did not react in other solvents. The polymer backbone of x-PVP-N-oxide, however, allowed …

Chemical Synthesis Of Oligosaccharides From Human Milk, Mithila Dulanjalee Bandara Weerasooriya Mudiyanselage

Dissertations

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) are a family of structurally related glycans that are highly abundant in breast milk. Oligosaccharide fraction is the third largest solid component in human milk after lactose and lipids. There is an accumulating evidence that HMO can provide significant benefits to the breast-fed infants. However, understanding of the exact HMO functions is still incomplete due to the lack of individual compounds in sufficient quantities. Therefore, development of expeditious strategies for the chemical synthesis of HMO has been increasingly important. Among all the methods available for oligosaccharide synthesis, armed-disarmed strategy introduced by Fraser-Reid is based on chemoselective …

Thioenamide Synthesis Inspired By Peptide Macrocycles, Joshua Allen Lutz

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Despite advances in medicine, antibiotic resistance threatens to return once preventable diseases to the human population. The microbisporicins are 24-amino acid antibiotic peptides belonging to the lantibiotic class, which pathogens have been slow to develop resistance. The uncommon post-translational modification S-[(Z)-2-aminovinyl]-D-cysteine (AviCys) is likely crucial to their activity, and appears in a small number of other peptides with compelling biological activities. Total synthesis of an AviCys-containing peptide has eluded the chemical community.

The primary challenge of AviCys synthesis is the construction of a thioenamide functional group. We demonstrate that acid-promoted reactions between an amide and …

Experimental And Computational Electrochemistry Of Quinazolinespirohexadienone Molecular Switches – Differential Electrochromic Vs Photochromic Behavior, Eric W. Webb, Jonathan P. Moerdyk, Kyndra B. Sluiter, Benjamin J. Pollock, Amy L. Speelman, Eugene J. Lynch, William F. Polik, Jason G. Gillmore

Faculty Publications

Our undergraduate research group has long focused on the preparation and investigation of electron-deficient analogs of the perimidinespirohexadienone (PSHD) family of photochromic molecular switches for potential application as "photochromic photooxidants" for gating sensitivity to photoinduced charge transfer. We previously reported the photochemistry of two closely related and more reducible quinazolinespirohexadienones (QSHDs), wherein the naphthalene of the PSHD is replaced with a quinoline. In the present work, we report our investigation of the electrochemistry of these asymmetric QSHDs. In addition to the short wavelength and photochromic long-wavelength isomers, we have found that a second, distinct long-wavelength isomer is produced electrochemically. This …

Turn-On Near-Infrared Fluorescent Sensors For Selective Monitoring Of Kinase Activity, Gerard Thomas Ducharme

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Reliable and selective detection of specific biopolymers is critical in a broad range of biomedical and technological areas, including availability of simple and efficient point-of-care-compatible systems for the detection of prognostic, pharmacodynamic and predictive biomarkers. Monitoring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase is of major significance due to its link to many epithelial cancers. This task is complicated by the high rate of mutation occurring in patients treated with kinase inhibitors. This dissertation describes a conceptually novel design and synthesis of turn-on near-infrared fluorescent sensors for selective and sensitive detection of EGFR. The fluorescent signal generation mechanism is based …

Synthesis Of Ether Alcohols With Varying Catalysts, Hannah Grady, Frida Li, Jeffrey A. Hansen

Annual Student Research Poster Session

It has previously been found that acids and bases are effective catalysts in the opening of epoxides into ether alcohols. Our first goal for this summer was to determine which of the acids and bases available were the most effective. After figuring out which of the acids and bases are the optimal catalysts, our second goal was producing ether alcohols in the shortest amount of time with higher yields. Our final goal was to see how biologically reactive the ether alcohols we produced were.

Opening Of An Epoxide Ring Using Azide To Form A Triazole, Emily Hufnagel, Jeffrey A. Hansen

Annual Student Research Poster Session

The purpose of this research project is to identify and synthesize biologically active compounds that could potentially aid in pharmaceutical research. Once a compound is correctly identified and purified, the sample can be diluted and added to a Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay in order to determine the toxicity of the compound. This experiment was designed using an epoxide compound to form an azide that would eventually form a triazole. In carrying out this project, two main procedures were used in order to create two different compounds that would eventually create the final result. The triazole was not successful in the …

It's Elementary: A Review Of Forensic Analysis Techniques Of Inorganic Components Of Explosives, Sadie Schultz

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

No abstract provided.

Antioxidants And Beta-Carotene: A General Overview, A Research History, And Modern Scholarship, James Joseph Dickman Iv

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

This paper seeks to provide a cursory overview of oxidative stress and the accompanying biomolecules which are used to combat it. From there, the paper will provide a somewhat comprehensive list of major historical discoveries regarding antioxidant molecules, in particular beta-carotene. After this, an overview of more modern scholarship on the issue of these molecule’s antioxidant properties specific (from the 1970s onward) will be discussed up to modern times. The paper will conclude with an in depth look at the modern scholarship on beta-carotene that was performed here at Taylor University.

Bone Regeneration Via Inorganic/Organic Compatibility In A Newly Synthesized Hydrogel: Nhap-Bmp-2, Hannah Ewing

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

In this paper, nHAp-BMP-2 hydrogel is carefully synthesized in order to optimize the organic and inorganic compatibility which induces osteogenesis—the formation of new bone. This new method is a novel development within the medical field, giving more hope to those suffering from traumatic bone injuries. A drawback with using hydrogels is the difficulty of controlling peptide release in the affected areas. Too quick of a release alarms the human inflammatory response resulting in more substantial injury and an even prolonged recovery time. On the other hand, if the peptides that promote bioactivity are released too slowly, the bone will not …

Quantum Chemical Methods: Its History And Future, Erica Mitchell

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

No abstract provided.

Significance And Implications Of Vitamin B-12 Reaction Shema- Eth Zurich Variant: Mechanisms And Insights, David Joshua Ferguson

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

This is an undergraduate chemistry thesis document. This involves a discussion of the mechanisms and overall reactions involved in the total synthesis of vitamin B-12.

The History And Development Of Identification: Rediscovery And Application Of Egyptian Blue, Bailee Allen

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

The use of fingerprints as a form of identification in criminal cases has become a common method of conviction within the criminal justice system. However, with the recent rise in the number of people wrongly convicted, the typical sources of evidence have come into question about their reliability. Multiple common drawbacks found when using fingerprints dusting to obtain prints from crime scenes has led to researchers looking for more efficient ways to collect them that maintain high sensitivity and contrast. These are the two aspects that create the largest problem, especially on highly reflective and highly patterned surfaces. The discovery …

The Chemistry Of Jellybeans, Andrew Carter

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

Jellybeans are an amazing work of chemistry. In my paper, I outline the history and science behind this little candy. My paper describes taste receptors, molecular structure, and the analytical chemistry that help to make flavor science an interesting field of work.

Metallodrugs And Their Various Impacts On Disorders And Diseases, Paige Wagner

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

No abstract provided.

Synthesis Of Bis(Imino)Pyridine Iron(Ii) Complexes And Development Of Bis(Imino)Pyridine Iron(Ii) Catalyzed Carbene Transfer Reactions, Ban Wang

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Metal catalysis of symmetric and asymmetric carbene transfer reactions has been widely applied in natural product synthesis and material science over years. Metal carbene can be easily generated from the extrusion of nitrogen under the catalysis of metal complexes to further undergo various organic reactions, O/N/C-H insertions, cycloadditions, and ylide formations. Currently, the dominant effective catalysts for carbene reactions are built with expensive precious metal, for example, rhodium, ruthenium, palladium, gold. Notably, the effective reactivity and enantioselectivity of the dirhodium(II) catalysts are researched and established over the decades. However, the use of precious metal catalysts is the major source of …

Double-Click Enables Synthesis Of Chemical Libraries For Drug Discovery, Joseph J. Topczewski, En Chih Liu

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.