Quantitative Nmr-Based Biomedical Metabolomics: Current Status And Applications,
2020
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Quantitative Nmr-Based Biomedical Metabolomics: Current Status And Applications, Alexandra A. Crook, Robert Powers
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a quantitative analytical tool commonly utilized for metabolomics analysis. Quantitative NMR (qNMR) is a field of NMR spectroscopy dedicated to the measurement of analytes through signal intensity and its linear relationship with analyte concentration. Metabolomics-based NMR exploits this quantitative relationship to identify and measure biomarkers within complex biological samples such as serum, plasma, and urine. In this review of quantitative NMR-based metabolomics, the advancements and limitations of current techniques for metabolite quantification will be evaluated as well as the applications of qNMR in biomedical metabolomics. While qNMR is limited by sensitivity and dynamic range, …
Methods Ofmaking And Using Lignin Derivatives,
2020
Lincoln, NE
Methods Ofmaking And Using Lignin Derivatives, Mark Alan Helle, Chin Li Cheung
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
Materials and methods for preparing reactive lignin and for preparing a bio-based adhesive are described herein.
Polarization-Independent Metasurface Lens Based On Binary Phase Fresnel Zone Plate,
2020
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Polarization-Independent Metasurface Lens Based On Binary Phase Fresnel Zone Plate, Jonathan Baine, Jing Tang, Xing Li
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
Based on the binary phase Fresnel zone plate (FZP), a polarization-independent metasurface lens that is able to focus incident light with any polarization state, including circular, linear, and elliptical polarizations, has been proposed and investigated. We demonstrate that the metasurface lens consisting of metal subwavelength slits can operate in a wide bandwidth in the visible range, and has a higher focusing efficiency than that of an amplitude FZP lens without phase modulation. A multi-focus FZP metasurface lens has also been designed and investigated. The proposed lens can provide potential applications in integrated nanophotonic devices without polarization limitations.
Synthesis Of Polyacrylic Acid - Dopamine Nanoparticles As Radical Scavengers For Antioxidant Applications,
2020
University of Central Florida
Synthesis Of Polyacrylic Acid - Dopamine Nanoparticles As Radical Scavengers For Antioxidant Applications, Russell D. Cox
Honors Undergraduate Theses
The antioxidant activity of novel drugs has been of increasing interest in recent years. Free radicals are linked as a cause to many diseases such as atherosclerosis and cancer,1 so development of drugs that can scavenge and break down free radicals is needed. One such potential solution is using dopamine, which is water-soluble and an antioxidant. However, the tendency of antioxidant drugs reacting undesirably with proteins and other biochemical compounds is a big issue for the drugs' antioxidant potential. One solution is by encapsulating the antioxidant compound in biocompatible polymer nanoparticles. In this project, dopamine is bound to the polymer …
Preliminary Isolation And Characterization Of Root Extract Components Of Dalea Jamesii,
2020
Central Washington University
Preliminary Isolation And Characterization Of Root Extract Components Of Dalea Jamesii, Hyojin Ahn
Undergraduate Honors Theses
The plant genus Dalea (Fabaceae) has been found to be prolific in its production of phenolic secondary metabolites including flavonoids, isoflavonoids, chalcones, pterocarpans, stilbenes, and other biosynthetically related compounds. Biological testing has revealed wide-ranging activities for these metabolites in many prior reports. Dalea jamesii has not yet been investigated for its chemical content. This study will be conducted with the hypothesis that unique phenolic secondary metabolites will be produced in the roots of D. jamesii. It will be of interest to determine if the isolated metabolites exhibit biomedically related activities. It will also be of interest to investigate whether the …
Convergent Synthesis Of Anaephene B,
2020
Rollins College
Convergent Synthesis Of Anaephene B, Mason A. Baber
Honors Program Theses
As strains of bacteria continuously evolve and become resistant to modern antibiotics, there exists a need for the development of new treatments to combat bacterial infection. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is known to develop such resistance and remains a leading cause of invasive infections and biofilm formation on prosthetic medical devices. In 2018, Brumley and Spencer et al. isolated anaephenes A–C, natural products from a marine bacterium. Anaephene B was of particular interest as it was the only member of the series to demonstrate moderate antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC = 6.1 μg/mL). Because of the potential clinical utility …
Clinical And Pharmaceutical Applications Of Affinity Ligands In Capillary Electrophoresis: A Review,
2020
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Clinical And Pharmaceutical Applications Of Affinity Ligands In Capillary Electrophoresis: A Review, Chenhua Zhang, Ashley G. Woolfork, Kyungah Suh, Susan Ovbude, Cong Bi, Marawan Elzoeiry, David S. Hage
David Hage Publications
Affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) is a separation technique that combines a biologically-related binding agent with the separating power and efficiency of capillary electrophoresis. This review will examine several classes of binding agents that have been used in ACE and applications that have been described for the resulting methods in clinical or pharmaceutical analysis. Binding agents that will be considered are antibodies, aptamers, lectins, serum proteins, carbohydrates, and enzymes. This review will also describe the various formats in which each type of binding agent has been used in CE, including both homogeneous and heterogeneous methods. Specific areas of applications that will …
Antidiabetic Activity Of Cissus Rotundifolia Plant Growing In Saudi Arabia,
2020
South Dakota State University
Antidiabetic Activity Of Cissus Rotundifolia Plant Growing In Saudi Arabia, Saad Ali Alshehri
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by high levels of blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin production or action. A world-wide increase in the diabetes rate is projected to reach pandemic levels over the next 10-20 years. Current data shows that high numbers of the population in Saudi Arabia suffer from diabetes and prediabetes. Non-traditional treatments of diabetes from medicinal plants has shown potential antidiabetic activity. A considerable percentage of the population still prefer or use medicinal plants as a treatment or supplement to traditional medicine. Cissus rotundifolia (family Vitaceae) is a known plant in southwestern Saudi …
Singlet Oxygen Generation By Porphyrins And Metalloporphyrins Revisited: A Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (Qspr) Study,
2020
Saint-Petersburgh State University
Singlet Oxygen Generation By Porphyrins And Metalloporphyrins Revisited: A Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (Qspr) Study, Andrey A. Buglak, Mikhail Filatov, Althaf M. Hussain, Manabu Sugimoto
Books/Book chapters
state followed by formation of singlet oxygen (1O2), which is a highly reactive species and mediates various oxidative processes. The design of advanced sensitizers based on porphyrin compounds have attracted significant attention in recent years. However, it is still difficult to predict the efficiency of singlet oxygen generation for a given structure. Our goal was to develop a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) model for the fast virtual screening and prediction of singlet oxygen quantum yields for pophyrins and metalloporphyrins. We performed QSPR analysis of a dataset containing 32 compounds, including various porphyrins and their analogues (chlorins and bacteriochlorins). Quantum-chemical descriptors …
Metabolic Changes Associated With Adaptive Resistance To Daptomycin In Streptococcus Mitis-Oralis,
2020
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Metabolic Changes Associated With Adaptive Resistance To Daptomycin In Streptococcus Mitis-Oralis, Allison Parrett, Joseph M. Reed, Stewart G. Gardner, Nagendra N. Mishra, Arnold S. Bayer, Robert Powers, Greg A. Somerville
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
Background: Viridans group streptococci of the Streptococcus mitis-oralis subgroup are important endovascular pathogens. They can rapidly develop high-level and durable non-susceptibility to daptomycin both in vitro and in vivo upon exposure to daptomycin. Two consistent genetic adaptations associated with this phenotype (i.e., mutations in cdsA and pgsA) lead to the depletion of the phospholipids, phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin, from the bacterial membrane. Such alterations in phospholipid biosynthesis will modify carbon flow and change the bacterial metabolic status. To determine the metabolic differences between daptomycin-susceptible and non- susceptible bacteria, the physiology and metabolomes of S. mitis-oralis strains 351 (daptomycin-susceptible) and 351-D10 (daptomycin …
Correlating The Physicochemical Properties Of Magnesium Stearate With Tablet Dissolution And Lubrication,
2020
University of Kentucky
Correlating The Physicochemical Properties Of Magnesium Stearate With Tablet Dissolution And Lubrication, Julie L. Calahan
Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy
Magnesium stearate (MgSt) is the most commonly used pharmaceutical excipient and is present in over half the tablet formulations on the market. In spite of its popularity as an effective lubricant, it has been repeatedly recognized that there is significant variability between MgSt samples, which can cause inconsistent lubrication between batches of MgSt. The hypothesis of this research is that the batch-to-batch variability in tablet lubrication and dissolution observed in tablet formulations containing different MgSt samples can be correlated with differences in MgSt physicochemical properties (fatty acid salt composition, crystal hydrate form, particle size and surface area). Developing correlations between …
Synthesis, Characterization, And Biological Activity Of Imidazolium Salts,
2020
The University of Akron
Synthesis, Characterization, And Biological Activity Of Imidazolium Salts, David Weader
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
Nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) inflicts thousands of Americans annually, and is typically treated with the immunotherapy BCG. However, due to a BCG shortage, there is a new need for novel treatments of NMIBC. Addressing this issue, several imidazolium salt derivatives were synthesized and characterized with the intent of treatment within the bladder. These imidazolium salts were tested against different human bladder cancer cell lines in vitro to determine their reactivity and cytotoxicity. Among these results are GI50 concentrations for each drug, which is the concentration of drug needed to see growth inhibition in 50% of treated cells. Previous published …
N‑Linked Glycosylation Prevents Deamidation Of Glycopeptide And Glycoprotein,
2020
Dordt University
N‑Linked Glycosylation Prevents Deamidation Of Glycopeptide And Glycoprotein, Joshua Zhu, Ding Liu, Vy P. Tran, Zhigang Wu, Kuan Jiang, He Zhu, Jiabin Zhang, Christopher Gibbons, Bingzhong Xue, Hang Shi, Peng George Wang
Faculty Work Comprehensive List
Deamidation has been recognized as a common spontaneous pathway of protein degradation and a prevalent concern in the pharmaceutical industry; deamidation caused the reduction of protein/peptide drug efficacy and shelf life in several cases. More importantly, deamidation of physiological proteins is related to several human diseases and considered a "timer" for the diseases. N-linked glycosylation has a variety of significant biological functions, and it interestingly occurs right on the deamidation site-asparagine. It has been perceived that N-glycosylation could prevent deamidation, but experimental support is still lacking for clearly understanding the role of N-glycosylation on deamidation. Our results presented that deamidation …
Triflic Acid Mediated Sequential Cyclization Of Ortho-Alkynylarylesters With Ammonium Acetate,
2020
CUNY Queens College
Triflic Acid Mediated Sequential Cyclization Of Ortho-Alkynylarylesters With Ammonium Acetate, Maciej E. Domaradzki, Xiaochen Liu, Jiye Ong, Gyeongah Yu, Gan Zhang, Ariel Simantov, Eliyahu Perl, Yu Chen
Publications and Research
A triflic acid (TfOH) mediated sequential cyclization of ortho-alkynylarylesters and ammonium acetate (NH4OAc) was reported. The reaction took place via a Brønsted acid-mediated intramolecular cyclization of ortho-alkynylarylesters followed by an ammonium acetate participated substitution reaction, forming isoquinolin-1-ones as the major products. Different from most of the known synthetic methods of isoquinolin-1-ones, no metal catalyst was required in the reported reaction. The regioisomers – isoindolin-1-ones were obtained together with isoquinolin-1-ones in a few cases. The intermediate compounds – isochromen-1-ones and isobenzofuran-1-ones were also isolated. The interconversion experiments showed that the regioisomers formed during the Brønsted acid induced …
Surface Modification Of Silicon Nanowire Based Field Effect Transistors With Stimuli Responsive Polymer
Brushes For Biosensing Applications,
2020
Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials
Surface Modification Of Silicon Nanowire Based Field Effect Transistors With Stimuli Responsive Polymer Brushes For Biosensing Applications, Stephanie Klinghammer, Sebastian Rauch, Sebastian Pregl, Petra Uhlmann, Larysa Baraban, Gianaurelio Cuniberti
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
We demonstrate the functionalization of silicon nanowire based field effect transistors (SiNW FETs) FETs with stimuli-responsive polymer brushes of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). Surface functionalization was confirmed by atomic force microscopy, contact angle measurements, and verified electrically using a silicon nanowire based field effect transistor sensor device. For thermo-responsive PNIPAAM, the physicochemical properties (i.e., a reversible phase transition, wettability) were induced by crossing the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of about 32 ◦C. Taking advantage of this property, osteosarcomic SaoS-2 cells were cultured on PNIPAAM-modified sensors at temperatures above the LCST, and completely detached by simply cooling. Next, …
A Luminescence-Based System For Identification Of Genetically Encodable Inhibitors Of Protein Aggregation,
2020
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
A Luminescence-Based System For Identification Of Genetically Encodable Inhibitors Of Protein Aggregation, Travis J. Nelson, Shuo Liang, Cliff I. Stains
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
Molecules that disrupt protein aggregation represent potential tool compounds for the investigation of numerous human disease states. However, the identification of small molecules capable of disrupting protein aggregation has proven challenging. Larger biomolecules such as antibodies and proteins are promising alternatives due to their increased size. Despite the promise of protein-based inhibitors, generalizable assays are needed to more readily identify proteins capable of inhibiting aggregation. Herein, we utilize our previously reported self- assembling NanoLuc luciferase fragments to engineer a platform in which both detection reagents are expressed from the same plasmid, enabling facile co-transformation with a genetically encodable inhibitor. This …
Domain Wall Conduction In Calcium-Modified Lead Titanate For Polarization Tunable Photovoltaic Devices,
2020
Northwest University, Xi’an
Domain Wall Conduction In Calcium-Modified Lead Titanate For Polarization Tunable Photovoltaic Devices, Chong-Xin Qian, Hong-Jian Hong-Jian, Qiang Zhang, Jiawei He, Zi-Xuan Chen, Ming-Zi Wang, Xiao Cheng Zeng
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
Ferroelectric domain wall (DW) conduction, confirmed in recent experiments, has attracted intense attention due to its promising applications in optoelec- tronic devices. Herein, we provide theoretical evidence of electric conduction in Pb0.8Ca0.2TiO3 (PCT) DWs. The separation of charge accumulation in DWs, corresponding to the electronic conduction-band minimum (CBM) and valence-band maximum (VBM), weakens the tendency for the electron-hole recombination, thereby providing more efficient channels for charge transfer. We fabricate PCT-based functional photovoltaic devices with polarization tunable charge transfer to exploit the combined conduction and ferroelectric properties of the DW. The photovoltaic performance of the devices can be regu- lated by …
Towards A Greener Route To Blockbuster Statin Drugs: Harnessing The Power Of Biocatalysis And Integrating Cross-Coupling Catalysis In The Synthesis Of Rosuvastatin,
2020
Virginia Commonwealth University
Towards A Greener Route To Blockbuster Statin Drugs: Harnessing The Power Of Biocatalysis And Integrating Cross-Coupling Catalysis In The Synthesis Of Rosuvastatin, Chanaka M. Amarasekarage
Theses and Dissertations
As global and political awareness about green and sustainable practices sharpens in the face of dramatic climate change and environmentally detrimental practices, one attractive approach is to harness the catalytic potential of enzymes. Thus influenced, our efforts focused on the development of an innovative chemoenzymatic route to widely prescribed Blockbuster statin drugs, specifically rosuvastatin. In this work, we engineered novel deoxyribose phosphate aldolase (DERA) variants via rationally designed site-directed mutagenesis to accept non-natural, less polar substrate, acrolein, along with acetaldehyde. Several of new mutants displayed elevated tolerance towards aldehydes and showed effective incorporation of acrolein into the unprecedented enzymatically-derived chiral …
Heparan Sulfate. A Ligand For Coordination Compounds.,
2020
Virginia Commonwealth University
Heparan Sulfate. A Ligand For Coordination Compounds., Eric Ginsburg
Theses and Dissertations
Heparan sulfate (HS), a type of glycosaminoglycan (GAG), has been identified as a ligand for interactions with polynuclear platinum complexes (PPCs). HS is involved in numerous biological processes, and often considered to be extracellular DNA. PPCs interact with HS through the formation of a “sulfate clamp”, where multiple anionic sulfate groups cluster around the cationic PPC. The masking of HS results in the inhibition of enzymatic activity, protein-HS interactions, and other biological processes. PPCs use HS proteoglycans as an method of cellular internalization. By targeting sulfated-GAGs, PPCs can offer precision medicine not currently observed with the FDA approved platinum therapies. …
Design, Synthesis, And Characterization Of Chemical Tools To Study Peroxisomal Import,
2020
Eastern Illinois University
Design, Synthesis, And Characterization Of Chemical Tools To Study Peroxisomal Import, Jhalak N. Timilsena
Masters Theses
Peroxisomes are dynamic and interconnected single lipid membrane bound organelles found in the eukaryotic cells which are involved in various biochemical processes including the b-oxidation of very long chain and branched chain fatty acids, metabolism of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and reduction of hydrogen peroxide among others. These organelles are known to host numerous proteins and enzymes depending on the cellular environment. All of the proteins needed in the peroxisomes are encoded in the nucleus and synthesized in the cytosol which are then transported to the peroxisomes with the help of a sophisticated protein-transport machinery. Pex5 is one of …
