Spectroscopic Study Of Uranium (Vi) Reduction By Plant Biomass,
2013
SUNY Cortland
Spectroscopic Study Of Uranium (Vi) Reduction By Plant Biomass, Margaret C. Murphy, John Bargar, Noémie Janot
STAR Program Research Presentations
Uranium is a common and problematic groundwater contaminant at Department of Energy legacy sites. At the former uranium ore processing plant at Rifle, Colorado, sediments rich in decayed plant biomass contain large concentrations of uranium that are slowly being released back to the aquifer. To simulate the reaction that occurs in organic rich sediments of the Rifle aquifer, biomass was incubated in U (VI) bearing groundwater. Carbon X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was then used to measure if uranium was bound to the biomass. When uranium binds to biomass the peaks in the C XAS spectra will change shape. Uranium L …
Synthesis And Computational Studies Of A New Class Of Lanthanide Niobate Cluster : [Ln4(H2O)8(So4)5(Nbo3)2]+3h2O; Ln= Dy, Tb,
2013
Western Kentucky University
Synthesis And Computational Studies Of A New Class Of Lanthanide Niobate Cluster : [Ln4(H2O)8(So4)5(Nbo3)2]+3h2O; Ln= Dy, Tb, Brady D. Garabato
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Polyoxoniobates (PONbs) are a small family of highly electron-rich clusters. The development of new solids composed of these clusters have applications in green energy and electronics. However, the high charge environment of PONbs typically requires alkaline synthetic conditions that are unsuitable for introducing other metals and organic molecules, making synthesis of new systems difficult. To date, very few transition metals and organic ligands have been incorporated into these PONb solids, and lanthanide metal inclusion, which generally improves photoconductivity due to longlived f-orbital excitations, has not yet been fully realized. Here, the synthesis of a new class of lanthanide niobate cluster …
Characterization By Nmr Of Reactants And Products Of Hydrofluoroether Isomers, Cf3(Cf2)3och3 And (Cf3)2c(F)Cf2och3, Reacting With Isopropyl Alcohol,
2013
University of Dayton
Characterization By Nmr Of Reactants And Products Of Hydrofluoroether Isomers, Cf3(Cf2)3och3 And (Cf3)2c(F)Cf2och3, Reacting With Isopropyl Alcohol, Howard Knachel, Vladimir Benin, William E. Moddeman, Janine C. Birkbeck, Thomas A. Kestner, Tayna L. Young
Chemistry Faculty Publications
The 3M Company product Novec™ 71IPA DL, a mixture of methoxyperfluorobutane, methoxyperfluoroisobutane and 4.5 wt.% isopropyl alcohol, has been found to be very stable at ambient temperature, producing fluoride at the rate of ~1 ppm/year. Our earlier kinetic and theoretical studies have identified the reaction mechanism. This paper identifies the 1H and 19F NMR chemical shifts, multiplicities, and coupling constants of reactants and the major products that result from aging the mixture in sealed Pyrex NMR tubes for periods up to 1.8 years at temperatures from 26 °C to 102 °C. Chemical shifts and coupling constants of fluorine …
Redesigned Storm Water Management System For The Portage Lakefront,
2013
Valparaiso University
Redesigned Storm Water Management System For The Portage Lakefront, Nicholas Adams, Agustin Perez Maldonado
Symposium on Research and Creative Expression (SORCE)
The work described here was carried out at the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, located near Gary, Indiana. The goal of the reported project was to fix an incorrectly designed storm water management system located at the Portage lakefront. Because the original design could not handle peak water flows, there has been erosion of the sand dunes. The erosion of the sand dunes has led to the collapsing of stairs, and the exposure of water mains. To fix these problems, a new design was made that incorporated additional water inlets, as well as a pipeline to take water to a different …
Probing The Low Temperature Oxidation Of Furanic Biofuels, 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran And 2,5-Dimethylfuran, Utilizing Orthogonal Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Coupled To Synchrotron Radiation,
2013
The University of San Francisco
Probing The Low Temperature Oxidation Of Furanic Biofuels, 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran And 2,5-Dimethylfuran, Utilizing Orthogonal Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Coupled To Synchrotron Radiation, Matthew Mcmanus
Master's Theses
Concern over natural resources and global climate shifts has increased the focus of sourcing transportation fuels from depleting oil wells to regenerative, biological based solutions. One avenue of biologically sourced fuel involves the extraction of C5 and C6 sugars from the woody, fibrous, and inedible plant materials, otherwise known as lignocellulosic biomass. These cellulosic sugars can be converted to target biofuels and biofuel additives like the furanic compounds, 2,5-dimethylfuran and 2-methylfuran. In this thesis, the low temperature oxidation of two compounds, 2,5-dimethylfuran and 2-methylfuran, are explored. These reactions were conducted at the Advanced Light Source in Berkeley, CA and used …
Aerobic Degradation Of Α-, Β-, Γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane By Narragansett Bay Bacterioplankton,
2013
University of Rhode Island
Aerobic Degradation Of Α-, Β-, Γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane By Narragansett Bay Bacterioplankton, Ian M. Rambo
Senior Honors Projects
Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) are a family of chlorinated organic compounds that were previously used as agricultural insecticides. HCHs are recognized as persistent organic pollutants due to their toxicity, recalcitrant properties, and tendency to bioaccumulate in food webs. Although HCH was first synthesized in 1825, its use was not widespread until the discovery of the insecticidal activity of the γ-HCH isomer in 1942. γ-HCH and its toxic waste isomers α-HCH and β-HCH were banned from production and use by the United Nations in 2009, yet these chemicals still present environmental problems due to their persistence in soils and surface waters. HCHs continue …
Interaction Between Lubricants Containing Phosphate Ester Additives And Stainless Steels,
2013
University of Dayton
Interaction Between Lubricants Containing Phosphate Ester Additives And Stainless Steels, David W. Johnson, Matthew Bachus, John E. Hils
Chemistry Faculty Publications
One way to improve fuel efficiency in today’s jet aircraft engines is to create an environment for higher operating temperatures and speeds. New and improved lubricants and bearing materials must be developed to remain stable in these elevated operating temperatures. Three lubricants, with varying amounts of tricresyl phosphate added as an anti-wear/extreme pressure additive were tested on two different stainless steels at varying temperatures ranging from 300 °C to 350 °C in vacuum. Significant decomposition of the lubricant base-stocks and the phosphate ester additive did occur in most of the trials resulting in the formation of carboxylic acids and phenols. …
A Combined Radio- And Stable-Isotopic Study Of A California Coastal Aquifer System,
2013
U.S. Geological Survey
A Combined Radio- And Stable-Isotopic Study Of A California Coastal Aquifer System, Peter W. Swarzenski, Mark Baskaran, Robert J. Rosenbauer, Brian D. Edwards, Michael Land
Environmental Science and Geology Faculty Research Publications
Stable and radioactive tracers were utilized in concert to characterize geochemical processes in a complex coastal groundwater system and to provide constraints on the kinetics of rock/water interactions. Groundwater samples from wells within the Dominguez Gap region of Los Angeles County, California were analyzed for a suite of major cations (Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+) and anions (Cl−, SO42−), silica, alkalinity, select trace elements (Ba, B, Sr), dissolved oxygen, stable isotopes of hydrogen (δD), oxygen (δ18O), dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13CDIC), and radioactive …
A Computational Study Of The Vibrational Spectra Of Mono-Nitrated Fluoranthenes,
2013
Stephen F. Austin State University
A Computational Study Of The Vibrational Spectra Of Mono-Nitrated Fluoranthenes, Jorge Ojeda
Undergraduate Research Conference
No abstract provided.
Cycling Of Molecular Hydrogen In Subarctic Sweden,
2013
University of New Hampshire - Main Campus
Cycling Of Molecular Hydrogen In Subarctic Sweden, Victoria Ward
Honors Theses and Capstones
No abstract provided.
Soil Chemistry Response To Wollastonite (Casio3) Addition At Hubbard Brook,
2013
[email protected]
Soil Chemistry Response To Wollastonite (Casio3) Addition At Hubbard Brook, Chris E. Johnson
Civil and Environmental Engineering - All Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Using Stable Isotope Analysis Of Zooplankton To Document Trophic And Biogeochemical Changes In The San Francisco Estuary,
2013
California State University - Chico
Using Stable Isotope Analysis Of Zooplankton To Document Trophic And Biogeochemical Changes In The San Francisco Estuary, Steven C. Westbrook, Julien Moderan
STAR Program Research Presentations
Zooplankton represent a vital link between phytoplankton and fish, like the endangered Delta Smelt. Human interferences (nitrates from waste water, flow alteration, invasive species introduction…) have altered the structure of the San Francisco Estuary (SFE) ecosystem. We use stable isotope analysis to improve our knowledge of the planktonic food web in the SFE and gain insights into its evolution over the past decades. We use the ratios of certain isotopes (Nitrogen, Carbon, Sulfur, etc.) in different species of zooplankton to tell us what it is feeding on as well as the trophic level it feeds in. My research focused on …
Utilising Caging Techniques To Investigate Metal Assimilation In Nucella Lapillus, Mytilus Edulis And Crassostrea Gigas At Three Irish Coastal Locations,
2013
Techological University Dublin
Utilising Caging Techniques To Investigate Metal Assimilation In Nucella Lapillus, Mytilus Edulis And Crassostrea Gigas At Three Irish Coastal Locations, Michelle Giltrap, Ailbhe Macken, Maria Davoren, Evin Mcgovern, Barry Foley, Martin Larsen, Jonathan White, Brendan Mchugh
Articles
Pollution by metals has been of increasing concern for a number of decades but at present, the mechanism of metal accumulation in sentinel species is not fully understood and further studies are required for environmental risk assessment of metals in aquatic environments. The use of caging techniques has proven to be useful for assessment of water quality in coastal and estuarine environments. This study investigates the application of caging techniques for monitoring uptake of 20 elements in three marine species namely Nucella lapillus, Mytilus edulis and Crassostrea gigas. Stable isotopes were used to determine predatory effects and also used for …
Insights Into Forest Soil Carbon Dynamics From Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy,
2013
[email protected]
Insights Into Forest Soil Carbon Dynamics From Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Chris E. Johnson
Civil and Environmental Engineering - All Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Oil Pollution In Water Bodies Of Restricted Circulation,
2013
Montclair State University
Oil Pollution In Water Bodies Of Restricted Circulation, Michael A. Kruge
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Coastal lagoons and embayments near urban centers around the world share many common characteristics and problems. Physical impediments to free water circulation (spits, barrier islands, internal islands, tombolos, submerged sills) often lead to water stagnation and, in the presence of excess nutrients, eutrophication. Urban and industrial activities provoke (usually accidental) spills of hazardous materials into these confined water bodies, such as crude petroleum and refined petroleum products, leading to difficulties for resident biota and potential hazards for human health. The sluggish turnover of these water bodies (or low-energy zones within them) may retard the natural attenuation of the spilled contaminants. …
Study Of Dieldrin In Coralville Reservoir,
2013
University of South Florida
Study Of Dieldrin In Coralville Reservoir, Jeremy Smith
Undergraduate Journal of Mathematical Modeling: One + Two
Using existing experimental data taken over a period of roughly 12 years that documents the concentrations of dieldrin levels in the environment and fatty tissue of the fish, we construct a model of the total dieldrin concentration decline. Comparisons between the experimental data and speculative data can be made using calculus and elements of statistics in order to better understand the movement of dieldrin in the reservoir. Because of the potentially harmful exposure effects of dieldrin to humans as well as the environment, it is important to be able to predict when stability has been restored to the ecosystem.
Preparation Of Phosphonoterephthalic Acids Via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Of Aromatic Iodoesters,
2013
University of Dayton
Preparation Of Phosphonoterephthalic Acids Via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Of Aromatic Iodoesters, Nathaniel Ivan, Vladimir Benin, Alexander Morgan
Chemistry Faculty Publications
The current article reports in detail the preparation of two phosphonoterephthalic acids: 2-phosphonoterephthalic acid (1) and 2,5-diphosphonoterephthalic acid (2). Efficient, scalable syntheses have been developed for both compounds based on Pd-catalyzed coupling reactions of iodinated terephthalate esters. Phosphonoterephthalic acids are potentially useful as flame-retardant additives or as monomers for the construction of acid-pendant polymer chains.
Use Of Sweet Potato To Develop A Medium For Cultivation Of Lactic Acid Bacteria,
2013
North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University
Use Of Sweet Potato To Develop A Medium For Cultivation Of Lactic Acid Bacteria, Saeed A. Hayek
Dissertations
This study investigated the use of sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) as a basic component to develop a medium for cultivation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Extract from baked sweet potatoes was used to form a sweet potato medium (SPM). SPM was supplemented with 4 g/L of each nitrogen source (beef extract, yeast extract, and proteose peptone #3). Lactobacilli MRS was used as a control medium. Ten LAB strains were used to determine the suitability of SPM serving the growth of LAB. Our results showed no significant (p < 0.05) differences in the optical density, maximum specific growth rates, and bacterial populations between MRS and SPM. SPM also maintained higher pH values throughout the incubation period compared to that in MRS. The cost of SPM was 47% less than the cost of MRS. Further step was taken to determine the suitability of SPM serving LAB enzymatic activity. LAB strains growing in SPM showed relatively higher β-glucosidases, acid phosphatase, and phytase activities and lower a-glucosidase compared to that in MRS. Strains of L. reuteri showed the …
Reaction Between Polyol-Esters And Phosphate Esters In The Presence Of Metal Carbides,
2013
University of Dayton
Reaction Between Polyol-Esters And Phosphate Esters In The Presence Of Metal Carbides, David W. Johnson, Carolyn Iacullo, John E. Hils
Chemistry Faculty Publications
The reaction of metal carbides with polyol esters found in aerospace lubricants and phosphate esters commonly used as additives was investigated. Carbides were of particular interest since modern materials under consideration at high temperature bearings have surfaces that are primarily metal carbides. Vanadium and chromium carbide were found to react with the ester and phosphate ester by a transesterification reaction, producing an alkyl phosphate which is less stable than the aromatic phosphate esters. In the process, the metal carbide is converted to the metal phosphate and metal polyphosphate, evidenced by the infrared and Raman spectra of the solid residue and …
Air-Sea Dimethylsulfide (Dms) Gas Transfer In The North Atlantic: Evidence For Limited Interfacial Gas Exchange At High Wind Speed,
2013
University of California - Irvine
Air-Sea Dimethylsulfide (Dms) Gas Transfer In The North Atlantic: Evidence For Limited Interfacial Gas Exchange At High Wind Speed, T. G. Bell, Warren J. De Bruyn, S. D. Miller, B. Ward, K. Christensen, E. S. Saltzman
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Shipboard measurements of eddy covariance dimethylsulfide (DMS) air-sea fluxes and seawater concentration were carried out in the North Atlantic bloom region in June/July 2011. Gas transfer coefficients (k(660)) show a linear dependence on mean horizontal wind speed at wind speeds up to 11 m s(-1). At higher wind speeds the relationship between k(660) and wind speed weakens. At high winds, measured DMS fluxes were lower than predicted based on the linear relationship between wind speed and interfacial stress extrapolated from low to intermediate wind speeds. In contrast, the transfer coefficient for sensible heat did not exhibit this effect. The apparent …
