Analytical Chemistry Commons^™

Current Development Of Quantum Dots Based Electrochemiluminescence Immunosensors, Ling-Ling Li, Qian Lu, Jun-Jie Zhu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrochemiluminescence exhibits the merits of both luminescence and electrochemistry analysis, and has been extensively employed in biosensors. Quantum dots are considered one of the three main kinds of electrochemiluminescence luminophores due to their unique properties. This paper briefly reviews the classification and signal amplification technology of quantum dots based electrochemiluminescence immunosensors. Future research trends are also suggested.

Reliable Peak Selection For Multisample Analysis With Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Chromatography, Stephen E. Reichenbach, Xue Tian, Akwasi A. Boateng, Charles A. Mullen, Chiara Cordero, Qingping Tao

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography is a powerful technology for analyzing the patterns of constituent compounds in complex samples, but matching chromatographic features for comparative analysis across large sample sets is difficult. Various methods have been described for pairwise peak matching between two chromatograms, but the peaks indicated by these pairwise matches commonly are incomplete or inconsistent across many chromatograms. This paper describes a new, automated method for postprocessing the results of pairwise peak matching to address incomplete and inconsistent peak matches and thereby select chromatographic peaks that reliably correspond across many chromatograms. Reliably corresponding peaks can be used both for directly …

A Computational Study Of The Vibrational Spectra Of Mono-Nitrated Fluoranthenes, Jorge Ojeda

Undergraduate Research Conference

No abstract provided.

A Determination Of The Aspartame Content In Select Diet Beverages, Jorge Ojeda

Undergraduate Research Conference

Millions of dollars are spent every year on diet beverages and there has been much controversy on the contents in these beverages, mainly the artificial sweetener aspartame. It is known that aspartame is included in many diet beverages, but the actual amount of aspartame used is not listed in the nutritional facts or provided by the beverage manufacturers. For this reason, the aspartame content of various soft drinks, Coke Zero, Pepsi Max, Diet Pepsi, and Pepsi Next, was analyzed and compared to a calibration plot utilizing Diet Coke as a standard. Diet Coke was used due to the unavailablity of …

Study And Identification Of Environmental Nanoparticles In Governors State University (Gsu's) Agricultural Fields, Ekta Desai

All Capstone Projects

Main purpose of this project is to study nanoparticles in Governors State University’s agricultural field and design experimental protocol for the same. Nanoparticles have one dimension that measures between 1 - 100 nanometers or less. Nanoparticles are widely used in day to day life such as in medicines, textiles, manufacturing and cosmetics. Due to their wide use, they can enter environment through many ways such as accidental spills during handling. Waste water treatment plant disposal serves as a main source of their entrance into the environment. Analysis of nanoparticles in environmental samples presents a number of challenges, including separation and …

Folic Acid And Its Receptors, Jacqueline Spreadbury

All Capstone Projects

Folic acid, also known as folate or vitamin B9, is essential for various functions in the human body and life as we know it. Folate is the compound that occurs naturally in food, and folic acid is the synthetic form of this vitamin. Chemically speaking, folic acid has the hydrogen (H+) attached to the compound whereas folate is the conjugate, having lost the hydrogen (H+). Structure, Functions of Folate, Folic Acid in Bacteria, Folate Receptors, and Folic Acid Receptor in Macrophages are discussed in this literature review project. (abstract by OPUS staff)

Synthesis Of A Folate Conjugated Fluorescent Imaging Dye, Daniel Bonner

All Capstone Projects

In recent years methods of selective targeting of pathologic cells have become increasingly important for both detection and treatment of various cancers. The use of folic acid as a selective therapeutic and targeting agent for cancer cells is becoming ever more significant. This is due to the well characterized up regulation of folate receptors for cancer cells.

In this experiment we focus on the development of a new folate conjugate dye by using a small fluorescent molecule known as Oregon Green 514 for fluorescent imaging of cancer cells. To obtain this objective we I inked folate with Oregon green 514 …

Uhplc In The Analysis Of Drug Components, Rana Chandra Sekhar Reddy Pulagam

All Capstone Projects

The main objective of this article is to highlight the new trends that have emerged in the enhancement of the HPLC which have given rise to the use of UHPLC. This innovative tool is much more reliable and effective as compared to HPLC, in the investigation of many chemical compounds. In this article, special insight is given on the changes that have been made with regards to both instruments. In this article focus is also placed on the implementation of UPLC in various fields of interest, in order to enhance the processes for which it is utilized. The pros and …

Development Of Method For Detection Of Lead In Samples Collected From Keweenaw Peninsula Mines, Michigan In Collaboration With Environmental Biology Research Students, Sindhu Reddy Aaireddy

All Capstone Projects

Mining is one of the most important industries and a main cause of global pollution due to release of heavy metals into air, water, and soil. Some of these elements are persistent in the environment for years and bioaccumulation in living organisms causing toxic effects. Such elements are known as PBTs (persistent, bioaccumulate and toxic). The nature of toxicity depends on the properties, size of population exposed to it and period of exposure. For this reason, we are interested in developing a method to detect heavy metals in soil samples, mine tailings, plant and animal samples collected from surroundings of …

Mass Spectral Imaging For Analysis Of Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Abdul Majid Mohammed

All Student Theses and Dissertations

Mass spectral imaging (MS-imaging) is a modern technique used for the analysis and characterization and distribution of pharmaceutical ingredients , drugs, peptidies, lipids, and other bioactive species in tissue section/ Tissue prints. Although now widely accepted, there remains a host of competing and complementary techniques including DESI, MALDI, SIMS, and DART ionization techniques that allow the researchers to obtain appreciable ion intensities for mapping purposes. Instrumentation further is, rapidly advancing with significant progress in TOF, ion trap, and quadrupole instrumentation for mapping. In this review, I will examine the current status and role of MS-imaging with emphasis on analysis of …

Metal-Organic And Supramolecular Architectures Based On Mechanically Interlocked Molecules, Isurika Rosini Fernando

Dissertations

The focus of this work is on mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs), which have unusual physicochemical and mechanical properties with potential applications in nano-scale/molecular devices and high strength materials.

Rotaxanes, for example, consist of an axle-like molecule threaded through a wheel-like molecule, with bulky groups at the two ends of the axle preventing the wheel from dissociating. The position of the wheel along the axle can be switched in a controllable and reversible manner by applying external stimuli, a feature that might lead to the next generation of computers. Molecularly woven materials (MWMs), another example of molecules with mechanically interlocked features, …

Monolayer-Protected Nanoparticle Doped Xerogels As Functional Components Of Amperometric Glucose Biosensors, Michael Hartley Freeman, Jackson R. Hall, Michael C. Leopold

Chemistry Faculty Publications

First-generation amperometric glucose biosensors incorporating alkanethiolate-protected gold nanoparticles, monolayer protected clusters (MPCs), within a xerogel matrix are investigated as model systems for nanomaterial-assisted electrochemical sensing strategies. The xerogel biosensors are comprised of platinum electrodes modified with composite films of (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxy silane xerogel embedded with glucose oxidase enzyme, doped with Au225(C6)75 MPCs, and coated with an outer polyurethane layer. Electrochemistry and scanning/transmission electron microscopy, including cross-sectional TEM, show sensor construction, humidity effects on xerogel structure, and successful incorporation of MPCs. Analytical performance of the biosensor scheme with and without MPC doping of the xerogel is determined from direct glucose injection during …

Combination And Applications Of Time-Resolved Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy And Electrochemical Methods, Yu Bao, Yan Mao, Wei Wang, Zheng-Gang Li, Li Niu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrochemical-surface plasmon resonance (EC-SPR) technique, developed in recent years, is a new technology which combines time-resolved surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a physical phenomenon generated by optical coupling using a metallic thin film and is very sensitive to optical analysis. The principles of SPR and EC-SPR are briefly introduced and the applications of the combination of SPR spectroscopy with electrochemical techniques are reviewed in this paper. This new technology has been widely used in such research areas as reaction dynamics, biochemical sensors, electrode/electrolyte interfaces, kinetic parameters and bimolecular interactions.

An In Situ Ftir Spectroelectrochemical Study On Methanol Oxidation At Pt-Mo2C/Gc Catalyst, Hai-Ping Huang, Xi-Yu Yao, Pei-Kang Shen

Journal of Electrochemistry

A 40% Pt on Mo₂C/GC catalyst has been prepared by ion exchange method. The mechanism of methanol electrooxidation on Pt-Mo₂C/GC and commercial Pt/C catalysts in acidic media was studied by cyclic voltammetry, XRD measurements and in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroelectrochemistry. The results revealed that the Pt nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on Mo₂C/GC with an average particle size of 3 nm. The cyclic voltammetric and chronopotentiometric experiments indicated that Pt-Mo₂C/GC catalyst exhibited a better performance for methanol oxidation than that of Pt/C in acid solution. A negative shift over 90 mV of the …

Utilizing Nmr Spectroscopy And Molecular Docking As Tools For The Structural Determination And Functional Annotation Of Proteins, Jaime Stark

Department of Chemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

With the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2001 and the subsequent explosion of organisms with sequenced genomes, we are now aware of nearly 28 million proteins. Determining the role of each of these proteins is essential to our understanding of biology and the development of medical advances. Unfortunately, the experimental approaches to determine protein function are too slow to investigate every protein. Bioinformatics approaches, such as sequence and structure homology, have helped to annotate the functions of many similar proteins. However, despite these computational approaches, approximately 40% of proteins still have no known function. Alleviating this deficit will …

Preliminary Simulation Study On Classification Of Large Molecules By Newly Designed Cascade Type Differential Mobility Analyzer (Ctdma), Chenxi Zhu

Student Theses and Dissertations

Differential mobility analyzer (DMA), coupled with other instrumentation analyzers, such as mass spectrometry (MS), can classify size, masses and shapes by their different gas-phase electrophoretic mobility. In order to obtain the high resolution in classifying large particles (50 kD ~ 1 MD), our laboratory designed several versions of cylindrical cascade type differential mobility analyzers (CTDMA). Because CTDMAs consist of two cylindrical particle classifiers in one housing, target particles are guided through "gaps" and "stairs", a unique feature to this new particle classification device. Two modes of operation--outward cross flow mode and no-cross flow mode--both reduce the flow rate in the …

Overexpression Of Human Fatty Acid Transport Protein 2/Very Long Chain Acyl-Coa Synthetase 1 (Fatp2/Acsvl1) Reveals Distinct Patterns Of Trafficking Of Exogenous Fatty Acids, Elaina M. Melton, Ronald Cerny, Concetta C. Dirusso, Paul N. Black

Ronald Cerny Publications

In mammals, the fatty acid transport proteins (FATP1 through FATP6) are members of a highly conserved family of proteins, which function in fatty acid transport proceeding through vectorial acylation and in the activation of very long chain fatty acids, branched chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids. FATP1, 2 and 4, for example directly function in fatty acid transport and very long chain fatty acids activation while FATP5 does not function in fatty acid transport but activates secondary bile acids. In the present work, we have used stable isotopically labeled fatty acids differing in carbon length and saturation in cells …

High-Pressure Cryogelation Of Nanosilica And Surface Properties Of Cryosilicas, V M. Gun'ko, V V. Turov, V I. Zarko, G P. Prykhod'ko, O S. Remez, R Leboda, J Skubiszewska-Zieba, E M. Pahklov, Jonathan Blitz

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

Silica cryogels (cryosilicas) in a powder state were synthesized with different concentrations of fumed silica A-300 (CA-300 = 5-20 wt.%), sonicated in aqueous suspension, then frozen at -14 oC at different pressures in a high-pressure stainless steel reactor (a freezing bomb), and dried in air at room temperature. To analyze the effects of low temperature and high pressure, samples were also prepared at -14 oC or room temperature and standard pressure. The structural and adsorption properties of the powder materials were studied using nitrogen adsorption, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, low-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy and thermally stimulated depolarization …

High-Pressure Cryogelation Of Nanosilica And Surface Properties Of Cryosilicas, V Gun'ko, V Turov, V Zarko, G Prykhod'ko, O Remez, R Leboda, J Skubiszewska-Zieba, E Pahklov, Jonathan Blitz

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

Silica cryogels (cryosilicas) in a powder state were synthesized with different concentrations of fumed silica A-300 (CA-300 = 5-20 wt.%), sonicated in aqueous suspension, then frozen at -14 oC at different pressures in a high-pressure stainless steel reactor (a freezing bomb), and dried in air at room temperature. To analyze the effects of low temperature and high pressure, samples were also prepared at -14 oC or room temperature and standard pressure. The structural and adsorption properties of the powder materials were studied using nitrogen adsorption, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, low-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy and thermally stimulated depolarization …

A Facile, Low-Cost Route For The Preparation Of Calcined Porous Calcite And Dolomite And Their Application As Heterogeneous Catalysts In Biodiesel Production, Rui Wang, Hu Li, Fei Chang, Jiafeng Luo, Milford A. Hanna, Daoyang Tan, Deyu Hu, Yuping Zhang, Baoan Song, Song Yang

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Despite their potential for biodiesel synthesis, directly calcined minerals rich in magnesium/calcium carbonates are used at the expense of large amounts of the catalyst, high alcohol loading, long processing times, and severe conditions. We report a facile and low-cost route for preparing calcined porous calcite (CPC) and dolomite (CPD) via simple thermal decomposition of the reaction mixtures of natural calcite and dolomite with stearic acid. CPC and CPD, both of which have porous structures, were compared with previously reported catalysts and examined as promising heterogeneous base catalysts under mild conditions. A 40% increase in conversion through CPC and CDC was …