Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Veterinary Issues And Livestock Development In Zanzibar: Farmer Practices And Attitudes, Shuana Milne-Price

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The status of veterinary issues, veterinary care, and livestock development on the Zanzibar Archipelago was investigated through interviews with professionals in the fields of veterinary services and livestock development, community animal health workers (CAHWs), and livestock extension officers. In addition, a survey of livestock farmers’ access to, attitudes towards, and the actual effectiveness of veterinary care systems and livestock extension services was conducted in Pemba and Unguja. Particular emphasis was placed on comparing famers who had participated in Farmer Field Schools (FFS), a livestock education program run by the Agricultural Services Support Program (ASSP), with those who had not. The …

Development And Validation Of Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (Lc-Ms/Ms) Methods For The Analysis Of Veterinary Drugs In Various Biological And Feed Matrices Utilizing Efficient Extraction Protocols, Mark Cronly

Doctoral

The transfer of farming practices from low intensity farming systems for livestock production to commercial enterprises which employ intensive practices has resulted in the use of veterinary drugs becoming a critical component of food production. Resulting residues of veterinary drugs occurring in food of animal origin may give rise to potential health risks to consumers. The aim of this research is the development of analytical methods capable of screening and confirming increased number of these residues in more target matrices by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Its focus is the analysis of nitroimidazole residues in food of animal origin …

Evolution Of A Major Drug Metabolizing Enzyme Defect In The Domestic Cat And Other Felidae: Phylogenetic Timing And The Role Of Hypercarnivory, Binu Shrestha, J. Michael Reed, Philip T. Starks, Gretchen E. Kaufman, Jared V. Goldstone, Melody E. Roelke, Stephen J. O'Brien, Klaus-Peter Koepfli, Laurence Frank, Michael H. Court

Biology Faculty Articles

The domestic cat (Felis catus) shows remarkable sensitivity to the adverse effects of phenolic drugs, including acetaminophen and aspirin, as well as structurally-related toxicants found in the diet and environment. This idiosyncrasy results from pseudogenization of the gene encoding UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A6, the major species-conserved phenol detoxification enzyme. Here, we established the phylogenetic timing of disruptive UGT1A6 mutations and explored the hypothesis that gene inactivation in cats was enabled by minimal exposure to plant-derived toxicants. Fixation of the UGT1A6 pseudogene was estimated to have occurred between 35 and 11 million years ago with all extant Felidae having dysfunctional …

Information-Seeking Behaviors Of First-Semester Veterinary Students: A Preliminary Report, Sharon A. Weiner, Gretchen Stephens, Abdelfattah Y.M. Nour

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

Although emphasis in veterinary education is increasingly being placed on the ability to find, use, and communicate information, studies on the information behaviors of veterinary students or professionals are few. Improved knowledge in this area will provide valuable information for course and curriculum planning and the design of information resources. This article describes a survey of the information-seeking behaviors of first-semester veterinary students at Purdue University. A survey was administered as the first phase of a progressive semester-long assignment for a first semester DVM course in systemic mammalian physiology. The survey probed for understanding of the scientific literature and its …

The P53 Inhibitor Mdm2 Facilitates Sonic Hedgehog- Mediated Tumorigenesis And Influences Cerebellar Foliation, Reem Malek, Jennifer Matta, Natalie Taylor, Mary Ellen Perry, Susan Mendrysa

Department of Basic Medical Sciences Faculty Publications

Disruption of cerebellar granular neuronal precursor (GNP) maturation can result in defects in motor coordination and learning, or in medulloblastoma, the most common childhood brain tumor. The Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway is important for GNP proliferation; however, the factors regulating the extent and timing of GNP proliferation, as well as GNP differentiation and migration are poorly understood. The p53 tumor suppressor has been shown to negatively regulate the activity of the Shh effector, Gli1, in neural stem cells; however, the contribution of p53 to the regulation of Shh signaling in GNPs during cerebellar development has not been determined. Here, we …

Animal Health Matters, David H. Zeman, Russ Daly

Animal Health MATTERS Newsletter

[Page] 1-Terrorism on the Prairie? [Page] 2-Director's Message: Essential State Infrastructure for Animal Health [Page] 3-Reflections on the Veterinary Medical Loan Repayment [Page] 4-Program (VMLRP), 2010 [Page] 6-The Clinical Pathology Section at SDSU’s ADRDL [Page] 6-Calf Scours Submissions at SDSU ADRDL [Page] 6-Calf Scours / Enteritis Submission Guidelines [Page] 7-Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Department Welcomes New Full-Time Staff Members Pieces and Parts [Page] 7-Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Department Faculty Members Honored [Page] 7-Continuing Education Events

Three Rs Approaches In The Production And Quality Control Of Fish Vaccines, Paul J. Midtlyng, Coenraad F.M. Hendriksen, Elisabeth Balks, Lukas Bruckner, Lawrence Elsken, Øystein Evensen, Kjetil Fyrand, Allison Guy, Marlies Halder, Penny Hawkins, Gunn Kisen, Anne Berit Romstad, Kira Salonius, Patrick Smith, Lynne U. Sneddon

Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection

The workshop on Three Rs Approaches in the Production and Quality Control of Fish Vaccines aimed a) to identify animal tests currently stipulated for the production and quality control of fish vaccines and to highlight animal welfare concerns associated with these tests; b) to identify viable options to replace, reduce, and refine animal use for fish vaccine testing; and c) to discuss the way forward and set out how the Three Rs may be implemented without jeopardizing the quality of the vaccines. The workshop participants -- experts from academia, regulatory authorities, a scientific animal welfare organization, and the fish vaccine …

Factors Affecting Space Use Overlap By White-Tailed Deer In An Urban Landscape, W. David Walter, Jeff Beringer, Lonnie P. Hansen, Justin W. Fischer, Joshua J. Millspaugh, Kurt C. Vercauteren

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Variation in the size and overlap of space use by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) has broad implications for managing deer–human conflicts and disease spread and transmission in urban landscapes. Understanding which factors affect overlap of home range by various segments (i.e., age, sex) of an urban deer population has implications to direct contact between deer on disease epidemiology. We assessed size of home range and overlap of space use using the volume of intersection index (VI) for deer in an urban landscape by sex, age, season, and time of day. We found mean space use was larger for …

Clinical Study On The Treatment Of Piroline Against Bovine Mastitis, Jian-Ping Liang, Bao-Cheng Hao, Xue-Hong Wang, Zhi-Ting Guo, Wen-Zhu Guo, Ruo-Feng Shang, Lei Tao, Yu Liu, Zhao-Zhou Li, Lan-Ying Hua, Shu-Yang Wang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The study aims to investigate the efficacy of piroline and antibiotics in the treatment of bovine mastitiscaused by Streptococcus uberis (S. uberis) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) during dry-milk period. 1880 cows in dry-milkperiod were divided into 4 groups and treated with penicillin G, ammonia benzyl penicillin, ceftiofur and piroline,respectively. The efficacy of each medicine in treating mastitis caused by E. coli intramammary infection (E. coli IMI)was followed: 31.2% for penicillin G, 36.9% for ammonia benzyl penicillin, 61.3% for ceftiofur, and 64.4% for Piroline.For those caused by S. uberis intramammary infection (S. uberis IMI), the efficacy of ceftiofur was 90% …

The Activity Of Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 As A Marker To Reflect The Tissue Level Of Mammary Glands Tumor In Dogs, Wei-Yau Shia, Shih-Ming Liu, Chun-Sheng Lee, Jian-Liang Lin, Chih-Chung Chou, Yumi Yuasa, Shih-Chieh Chang, Wei-Ming Lee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In order to understand the change of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in dogs with mammary gland tumor (MGT), theactivity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in plasma samples, MGT tissues and near by normal mammary gland tissues wereevaluated by gelatin zymography. The levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly higher in tumor tissues thanthose in normal gland tissues (p<0.05). Plasma MMP-9 levels in malignant cases were higher than those in benign(p=0.15) and non-tumor cases (p<0.05). Likewise, plasma MMP-2 levels in malignant MGT cases were higher thannon-tumor (p<0.01) and benign cases (p=0.54). Furthermore, plasma MMP-9 levels were reflected and positivelycorrelated with MMP-9 in tumor tissues (r=0.78, p=0.02), but not MMP-2. Our results indicated that the MMP-2 andMMP-9 levels are associated with tumor malignancy, and plasma MMP-9 activity can become a potential marker bothin follow-up and prognosis of canine MGT patients.

Anticlastogenic Effect Of Asiatic Pennywort And Indian Mulberry Using Rodent Erythrocyte Micronucleus Assay, Piengchai Kupradinun, Anong Tepsuwan, Wannee R. Kusamran

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Asiatic pennywort [Centella asiatica (L.), Urban, AP] and Indian mulberry (Morinda citrifolia Linn., IM), theAsian plants, have been previously demonstrated in our laboratory that they could markedly enhance the activities ofsome phase II enzymes, but significantly decreased the activities of phase I enzymes, indicating that they may possesscancer chemopreventive potentials. This study was to investigate the anticlastogenic activity of AP and IM against adirect-acting clastogen, mitomycin C (MMC), and indirect-acting clastogens, cyclophosphamide (CYP) and 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). Male mice were fed with AP or IM leaves mixing in modified AIN -76 semipurifieddiet, or IM fruit juice or fruit powder solution …

Low Levels Of Hydrogen Peroxide Stimulate Corneal Epithelial Cell Adhesion, Migration, And Wound Healing, Qing Pan, Wen-Ya Qiu, Ya-Nan Huo, Yu-Feng Yao, Marjorie F. Lou

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

PURPOSE. Intracellular reactive oxygen species have been reported to associate with growth factor and integrin signalings in promoting cell adhesion in many cell types. This study is to explore if exogenous H2O2 at low levels can be beneficial to cell adhesion, migration, and wound healing.

METHODS. Primary rabbit corneal epithelial cells treated with 0–70 M H2O2 were tested for viability by MTT assay, adhesion by centrifugation assay, focal contacts of vinculin and F-actin by immunofluorescence, activated Src(pY416), EGF receptor (pY845), vinculin(pY1065), FAK(pY397), and FAK(pY576) by immunoblotting. Cell migration was examined with 0–50 M H2O2 using the scratch wound technique. Corneal …

From Microsurgery To Single Blastomere Biopsy For Es Cell Establishment, Chanchao Lorthongpanich, Chuti Laowtammathron, Rangsun Parnpai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Inner cell mass (ICM) is an important source of embryonic stem (ES) cells. There are several methods thathave been developed to increase the efficiency of ICM cell isolation as well as improve the ES cells derivation rate. Inconventional ICM isolation methods, the methods currently in use destroy trophectoderm cells of blastocyst stageembryos in order to release the ICM cell clumps. These conventional methods are considered embryo destructionmethods as the embryos will be unable to survive after ICM is removed. Recently, an alternative method wasreported using single biopsied blastomeres of earlier stage embryos as a source of ES cells. This novel …

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

What Is Your Diagnosis, Pranee Tuntivanich, Suwicha Chuthatep

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Fas Ligand In Swamp Buffalo Oviduct During Follicular And Luteal Phases, Paisan Tienthai, Pongpisut Chivacharern, Kriengyot Sajjarengpong, Pornchalit Assavacheep

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Fas ligand (FasL) and its receptor (Fas) are tumor necrosis factor (TNF) members which are involved in theimmune privileged organs, such as the cornea, testis and placenta, by triggering apoptosis in various cell types. Theappearance of a Fas-FasL system might specify the immune privileged status of the buffalo oviduct wherespermatozoa avoid eradication by female immune cells. The objective of this study was to scrutinize the FasL and Fasproteins by immunohistochemistry, FasL mRNA by RT-PCR and the apoptotic degrees by TUNEL analysis in theuterotubal junction (UTJ), isthmus, ampulla and infundibulum of swamp buffalo oviducts at follicular (n=5) and midluteal(n=5) phases. The …

Genetic Characterization Of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (Pedv) Isolates From Southern Vietnam During 2009-2010 Outbreaks, Do Tien Duy, Tat Toan Nguyen, Suphasawatt Puranaveja, Roongroje Thanawongnuwech

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) spike (S) glyprotein and membrane (M) glycoprotein genes arebelieved to have genetic variation. The heterogeneity in those genomic sequences has been reported and is knownessentially for the diverse PEDV pathogenicity. Eight southern Vietnamese PEDVs collected from severe waterydiarrhea piglets of the recent emerging outbreaks (2009-2010) were sequenced and analyzed. The results revealedhigh nucleotide homology of the partial S gene of the current isolates at 98.9-100% and 99.7-100% identity of the fullM gene among these isolates despite dividing into two subclusters of different provincial origins. It should be notedthat the Vietnamese PEDVs contained high differences on …

Immunolocalization Of Estrogen Receptor Beta, Androgen Receptor And Ki-67 Protein In Testicular Tissues Of Unilateral Cryptorchidism Boar, Sukanya Manee-In, Pinthira Thiengthiantham, Chanlika Prommapan, Kampon Kaeoket

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study was performed to investigate histological structure, expressions of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ),androgen receptor (AR) and proliferation marker (Ki-67 protein) in scrotal and abdominal testicular tissues ofunilateral cryptorchidism prepubertal boars. Testicular tissues were obtained from 8 unilateral cryptorchidism boars.Immunohistochemical staining for ERβ, AR and Ki-67 protein was performed by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex(ABC) method. The similar histological structure of both scrotal and abdominal testicular tissues was observed.Immunolocalization of Ki-67 was found in the nuclei of germ cells, interstitial cells and Sertoli cells of both scrotal andabdominal testicular tissues. For ERβ and AR, the immunolocalization was found in germ cells and interstitial …

The Investigation Of The Relations Between Insulin-Liked Growth Factor-I And Body Weight And Between Insulin-Liked Growth Factor-I And Sex In Young Cats, Wei-Yau Shia, Anchana Songkaew, Sasisopa Singhanetr, Chih-Chung Chou, Wei-Ming Lee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

High plasma IGF-I concentration has been found in large breed young dogs, but not in young cats. Theobjective of this study was to investigate the relation between the concentration of IGF-I and body weight in bothmale and female cats at young age. In this study, the plasma IGF-I concentrations and body weight in 4 female and 4male cats at 5, 11, 17 and 21 months old were examined. No significant difference in the body weight between thefemale and male kittens (3.1±0.2 kg and 3.2±0.3 kg) at 5 months old was found, but at 11, 17 and 21 months old(5.3±0.2 kg, …

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Winai Chansaisakorn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.