Pfra Community Pastures- The Canadian Communal Grazing Experience And Multiple Values Of Public Grasslands,
2024
Agriculture and AgriFood Canada
Pfra Community Pastures- The Canadian Communal Grazing Experience And Multiple Values Of Public Grasslands, H R. Cook
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration (PFRA) Community Pastures origins are rooted in a climate catastrophe response that assembled initial areas of overgrazed native range and severely eroded cereal cropland in the Palliser Triangle into community pastures as a public conservation mechanism. Today this conservation system has grown to encompass 929,000 hectares in total that serve a multiple set of area objectives with important social, economic and ecological benefits. Management of these pastures has expanded considerably, necessitating close cooperation between local livestock producers, government agency staff and other users of the resource. Over the last half century a unique communal grazing …
Improving The Ruminal Degradation Of Low-Quality Tropical Grasses,
2024
Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan
Improving The Ruminal Degradation Of Low-Quality Tropical Grasses, J C. Ku-Vera
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Rumen cannulated cattle and sheep were used to study the effect of supplementation with several nitrogen sources on rumen digestion of tropical grasses. Supplementation of cattle grazing guinea grass (Panicum maximum) with dehydrated poultry excreta had no effect on rumen DM disappearance of the grass consumed. On the other hand, supplementation with fish meal increased rumen digestion of DM of pangola (Digitaria decumbens) and buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris) grass above that found when soyabean meal was given. DM intake was significantly increased when fish meal was given in relation to that found when soyabean meal was supplied. Supplementing sheep with the …
Degradability And Fermentescibility According To Fiber Content In Low Quality Forages,
2024
ENSA
Degradability And Fermentescibility According To Fiber Content In Low Quality Forages, A Dieng, A Buldgen, Ph Lecomte, K G. Toussaint
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The nylon bag technique and the gas-test method were compared with 6 different roughages representing a wide range of fiber contents in samples collected in the Senegalese Groundnut Basin. The results showed high correlation coefficients and low residual standard errors between the chemical composition of the roughages (mainly the acid detergent fiber fraction) and their degradability or fermentescibility. Reliable relationships between the two methods were also identified.
The Effects Of Two Levels Of Concentrates Supplying The Same Amount Of Protein On Silage Intake And Milk Production In Cows Given Two Grass Silages,
2024
Agricultural Research Centre of Finland
The Effects Of Two Levels Of Concentrates Supplying The Same Amount Of Protein On Silage Intake And Milk Production In Cows Given Two Grass Silages, H Khalili, P Huhtanen, K Rinne, M Suvitie
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this trial was to investigate the effects of two levels of concentrate (5 and 10 kg) supplying the same amount of protein on feed intake, milk production and rumen fermentation in cows given two different grass silages. The silages were ensiled either with a formic acid based additive (F) or with a mixture of acids and lignosulphonates (L). Fermentation quality and digestibility were better in F silage than in L silage. There were no significant differences between the silages in feed intake, milk yield and milk composition. Feeding F silage increased rumen ammonia concentration and molar proportion …
A Comparison Of Preservation Methods Of Roughages From Grassland In Poland,
2024
Institute for Land Reclamation and Grassland Farming at Falenty
A Comparison Of Preservation Methods Of Roughages From Grassland In Poland, J Zastawny, B Paluch, H Jankowski-Huglejt
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this study was to determine whether the preservation method has an influence on the nutritive value of roughages obtained from grasslands. The silage made in clamps and in big cylindrical bales were compared. During chemical studies, dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude ash, nitrogen free extracts and fat level were determined. The digestible energy of each feed was calculated. The content of particular acids (lactic, acetic and butyric) in the mass of silage was determined. The silages were tested by feeding to ruminants. The obtained results show that the quality of both silages was good. The …
Nutritive Value Of Guineagrass Cultivars In The Winter As Influenced By Nitrogen Fertilization,
2024
University of Pretoria
Nutritive Value Of Guineagrass Cultivars In The Winter As Influenced By Nitrogen Fertilization, N.F G. Rethman, W.A J. Steenekamp
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The monitoring of yield, structure and nutritive value of four Panicum maximum (Guineagrass) cultivars, utilized as standing hay in the winter, yielded valuable data on the relative importance of nitrogen fertilization and cultivar. While nitrogen had a strong influence on yield and crude protein content it was the differences between cultivars, with respect to soil adaptation and structure, which played a dominant role. It is recommended that future research place particular emphasis on the adaptation of cultivars and genotype differences in structure.
Pipeline Reclamation Using Native Species,
2024
Land Management and Diversification Service
Pipeline Reclamation Using Native Species, C Nykoluk
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
One of the oil and gas industry's challenges is to reclaim disturbed native rangeland with native species. In fall 1992, TransGas (a subsidiary of SaskEnergy) constructed a natural gas transmission line across the Coalfields Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration (PFRA) Community Pasture. This necessitated a 10 kilometre long - 18 metre wide right of way. The right of way was successfully reclaimed using a variety of reclamation techniques with the use of a native grass cultivar seed mix that approximated the vegetation composition of the pasture. This poster provides an example of how agencies with different goals can work together at …
Rehabilitation Of Mining Sites Using Diazotrophic Bacteria And Gramineous Associations,
2024
CIRAD
Rehabilitation Of Mining Sites Using Diazotrophic Bacteria And Gramineous Associations, S Mercky, R Pineau, E Navarro, J M. Sarrailh
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Degradation of mining sites resulting from deep and irreversible human action is a serious environmental problem. So, to rehabilitate mining sites, we studied the ability of diazotrophic bacteria to improve plant growth. Firstly, we isolated diazotrophic bacteria on Cyperaceae and Poaceae rhizosphere. After characterisation and partial identification of found bacteria, we decided to study the effect of presence and the activity of bacteria on plant growth. To compare with reference bacteria (Azospirillum brasilense), we had to test the effect of endemic bacteria on soil without limiting factors (Maré’s soil). We think that if bacteria are able to help plants to …
North American Grass Species In Reclamation Of Coal-Mining Areas In Poland,
2024
Plant Breeding & Acclimatization Institute
North American Grass Species In Reclamation Of Coal-Mining Areas In Poland, W Majtkowski
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Suitability of perennial grass species as a main decorative element was evaluated during reclamation of a coal-dump in Bierun near Katowice. Materials for the above testing were species selected from grass collection of Botanical Garden of PBAI in Bydgoszcz. The most promising species were: Carex grayi (sedge), Andropogon gerardi, A. scoparius and Spartina michauxiana (grasses from North America flora), Elymus racemosus, Koeleria cristata, Melica altissima, Miscanthus sacchariflorus (European or Asian origin). Addition of bio-gel positively affected plant development, while no significant differences were observed between different levels of fertilizers.
Chromolaena Odorata: A Multipurpose Shrub,
2024
University of Cape Coast
Chromolaena Odorata: A Multipurpose Shrub, S O. Apori
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Chromolaena odorata plant has been classified as a weed. A survey in farming communities in Ghana indicated that the plant is used to reduce fallowing period; improve soil fertility, as medicinal plant; as insect and rodent repellent for temporal storage of maize; and preservation of corpse for about 48 hours in rural Ghana. Studies on foliage of Chromolaena odorata regrowth at 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks showed that the leaves had crude protein content above 19%, average leaf to stem ratio of 2.1:1, and stem to leaf protein concentration ratio of 0.49. In-sacco degradability rate of dry matter, …
X-Ray Stereoscopic Radiographs Of Macropore Structures Formed By The Roots In Grassland Soils,
2024
Kitasato University
X-Ray Stereoscopic Radiographs Of Macropore Structures Formed By The Roots In Grassland Soils, K Sato, T Moroizumi
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this study was to examine the morphology of macropores with respect to drainage and water-retention in the root zones under grassland soils. Soil samples were taken in Japan, the U.K. and China. The structures of macropores were studied threedimensionally by examining the macropore morphology using Xrays and contrast media. The pore morphology studied in grassland soils indicate that the shapes of most macropores in drainage and water-retention pores were formed by roots. The pores formed by grass roots were found to play an important part in the macropore forms found in grassland soils.
Effects Of Forage Cover On Run-Off And Soil Losses In Different Productive Systems In Central Italy,
2024
Universita di Firenze
Effects Of Forage Cover On Run-Off And Soil Losses In Different Productive Systems In Central Italy, A Pardini, G Argenti, G Pazzi, S Piemontese, P Talamucci
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A trial has been carried out for four years, in a hilly area of Central Italy, on five covers concerning three different productive systems: traditional system based on the rotation of Medicago sativa and barley; low input system based on permanent association of grasses and legumes; annual self-reseeding legumes used as cover crop in vineyard. The pasture had the higher run-off but also the lower soil erosion thanks to the high number of plants per square metre which were able to hold the soil particles. The inherbment of the vineyard prevented greater soil erosion commonly known in cultivated grooves.
Grassland Development By Erosion Control On Hill Slope Using Multi Function Filter And Vegetation,
2024
Kagoshima University
Grassland Development By Erosion Control On Hill Slope Using Multi Function Filter And Vegetation, M S. Alam, K Hosoyamada
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Soil erosion by water is a major soil degradation process in the world and constrains of land development for cultivation. Japan is a mountain based country with a large number of volcanos and most of the soils are highly erodible volcanic ash soil. Therefore, soils will erode when rainfall is sufficient. Since 1992 an intensive programme has been undertaken to develop grassland or cropland by controlling soil erosion on hill slopes. Multi function filter (MFF) have been used along with the application of different rooty summer and winter grass seeds to protect surface soil and rapid germination of deep vegetation …
The Use Of Legumes For Improvement Of Fallow Land In Small Holder Farming Systems,
2024
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical
The Use Of Legumes For Improvement Of Fallow Land In Small Holder Farming Systems, P C. Kerridge, L H. Franco
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Two legumes, centro (Centrosema macrocarpum) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), were evaluated for their ability to improve the productivity of fallow land as assessed by a following maize crop. Maize yields were increased after 12 or 18 months of managed legume fallow. Adoption of legumes for improvement of fallow land will depend on ease of establishment and alternative uses for the legume or whether they regenerate naturally.
Bio-Diversity Conservation And Natural Resource Regeneration Through Watershed Development At Jhansi,
2024
Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute
Bio-Diversity Conservation And Natural Resource Regeneration Through Watershed Development At Jhansi, C R. Hazra
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Seven microwatersheds with an area of 5395 ha located at Kharaiya Nala Watershed (Jhansi) were fully treated with appropriate soil and water conservation measures. Barren village common lands consisting of 665 ha on ridges were fully rehabilitated through silvipasture. Treatment on watershed basis had a great impact in containing soil and run off water losses and improving agriculture and animal production. Development of common lands through soil and water conservation helped with faster ecological succession of grasses and regeneration of rootstocks resulted in bio-diversity conservation. Increased land and biomass productivity reflected on the socio-economic gains of the farmers including landless …
Effect Of Defoliation Intensity On The Absolute And Relative Growth Rates Of 'Grasslands Puna' Chicory,
2024
Massey University
Effect Of Defoliation Intensity On The Absolute And Relative Growth Rates Of 'Grasslands Puna' Chicory, G D. Li, P D. Kemp, J Hodgson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The response of absolute and relative growth of 'Grasslands Puna' chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) to defoliation intensity was examined in a glasshouse. Five defoliation intensities (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mm above media level), at 3 week intervals with 4 replications were arranged in a completely randomised design. The aboveground relative growth rate of Puna chicory increased exponentially as defoliation intensity increased, resulting in defoliation intensity not decreasing average absolute growth rate until weeks 9-12. However, there were significant differences in belowground mass between defoliation intensities from week 6 onwards. Defoliation above 150 mm, with 3 week intervals, is …
Salinity Responses In Some Forage Legume Species,
2024
Institute of Sustainable Irrigated Agriculture
Salinity Responses In Some Forage Legume Species, M E. Rogers
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The salt tolerances of more than 70 lines and species of forage legumes were evaluated in a series of greenhouse experiments, with the aim of identifying plant material that is more salt tolerant than some of the more traditionally-grown, temperate, forage legume species. Several species or lines showed potential as salt tolerant germplasm including sweet clover (Melilotus albus), berseem clover (T. alexandrinum) cvv. Mescani and Wardan, woolly clover (T. tomentosum), birdsfoot treefoil (L. Corniculatus), slender birdsfoot treefoil (Lotus tenuis) and Trifolium squamosum. However, further selection and field evaluation is required in order to …
Black Locust Effects On Forage Yield And Nutritive Quality Produced On Reclaimed Mined Land,
2024
University of Kentucky
Black Locust Effects On Forage Yield And Nutritive Quality Produced On Reclaimed Mined Land, D C. Ditsch, M Collins, J H. Grove
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a rapidly growing, leguminous tree species often used to stabilize disturbed sites. The objectives of this study were to measure the effect of black locust populations on understory forage production and livestock nutritive quality on reclaimed surface mined land. In two out of three years, forage dry matter yields harvested under a population of 1368 trees ha-1 were not different than the clear cut treatment (all trees removed). Forage dry matter production was significantly reduced at populations of 2736 and 4145 trees ha-1 due to slow and limited regrowth following harvest. Forage nutritive …
New Approaches For Rehabilitating And Developing Fodder Production From Acid Mountain Soils In Nepal To Alleviate Poverty And Restore The Environment,
2024
Nepal Agricultural Research Council
New Approaches For Rehabilitating And Developing Fodder Production From Acid Mountain Soils In Nepal To Alleviate Poverty And Restore The Environment, D Pariyar, P Van Der Grinten
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The approach for the re-integration of degraded areas in the farming system demands methods that are simple, affordable and sustainable. Under the Hills Leasehold Forestry and Forage Development Project (HLFFDP) technologies were trialed for the establishment of pasture legume and nitrogen fixing trees on degraded leased sites. Agrisilvipastoralism (ASP) applied using minimum or zero tillage has considerable untapped potential for simultaneously alleviating poverty and restoring the environment in Nepal. Preliminary results presented here indicate that with the introduction of suitable improved forage species under the application of simple establishment techniques, degraded lands have the potential to produce considerable amounts of …
Cultivar And Seed Stratification Effects On Switchgrass Establishment On Coal Mine Spoil,
2024
University of Kentucky
Cultivar And Seed Stratification Effects On Switchgrass Establishment On Coal Mine Spoil, M Collins, T P. Demond, D C. Ditsch, T D. Phillips
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Warm season perennial grasses such as switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) provide useful wildlife habitat on reclaimed surface mined land but stand establishment is often slow. Two switchgrass cultivars: (1) ‘Alamo’ and (2) ‘Cave-in-rock’, two seed stratification treatments: (1) wet chilled and (2) untreated, and three establishment treatments: (1) no mulch or companion crop, (2) seeded with oat (Avena sativa L.), or (3) mulched with wheat straw were compared in a factorial experiment. In Sept. after spring seeding, stand density ranged from 2.5 seedlings m-1 of drill row for Alamo control plots to 6.8 for CIR with oat. Stand densities …
