Accumulation Of Dry Matter, Protein And Total Available Carbohydrate In Berseem Under Different Cutting Regimes,
2024
Instituto Sperimentale Colture Foraggere
Accumulation Of Dry Matter, Protein And Total Available Carbohydrate In Berseem Under Different Cutting Regimes, P Martinello, G De Santis, A Iannucci, N Di Fonzo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The effect of different cutting regimes on physiology and morphology of aerial parts and roots in 6 bcrseem (Trifolium alexadrium L.) genotypes was evaluated. Observations were carried out on individual plants at 4 stages of development: fourth and eighth internode elongation, early flowering and physiological seed maturity. The results showed that the genotypes were characterised by highest values of dry matter in the aerial and root parts at the early flowering stage. Variability among genotypes was observed.
Seasonal Growth Rhythms In Lucerne,
2024
INRA
Seasonal Growth Rhythms In Lucerne, C Poisson, G Genier, A Canal, P Guy, A Porcheron
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The repartition of dry matter production of lilcerne (Medicago saliva) through the year is of great interest. A 3-year experiment began in 1990 to distinguish different rhythms of regrowth. Eighteen genotypes of very diverse geographic origins exhibiting great differences of winter dormancy were studied in a multisite experiment. Two different non-destructive methods were used to describe accurately leaf area index evolution: red far/red light ratio (660 nm/730 nm), and indirect measurement of LAI {LI-COR 2000); stem height and dry matter yield were regularly recorded. Important differences in summer and autumn behaviour leading to different sigmoid growth curves wece …
Inherent And Realized Potential Of Axillary Buds Of White Clover In Field Populations,
2024
MAF Technology
Inherent And Realized Potential Of Axillary Buds Of White Clover In Field Populations, P.C D. Newton, M.J M. Hay
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Fewer than 10% of while clover (Trifolium repens L.) axillary buds form established branches in grazed swards. In order to understand the mechanisms controlling his large loss of growth potential we have charted the potential fates a bud may meet. Each step in this flow chart offers the possibility for a loss of branching potential. We consider the factors that may be important in determining the fates of buds and highlight in particular the heavy losses of viable buds at a young age and propose that different factors may control branch initiation and branch establishment.
Prediction Of Plant Mortality Under Grazing- A Conceptual Approach,
2024
University of Queensland
Prediction Of Plant Mortality Under Grazing- A Conceptual Approach, J J. Mott, G K. Mckeon, K A. Day
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Based on the concept of biological thresholds, there is growing acceptance 0£ the importance o£ episodic events in the determination of rangeland condition trend. The variable rainfall occurring within Australian rangelands means that overstocking during droughts is a major cause of these Australian rangeland vegetation complexes exceeding these thresholds. Recently plant production models and simplistic estimates of the relationship between animal utilisation and plant mortality became available. Accurate estimates will be developed only with the incorporation of a sound mechanistic understanding of the relationship between utilisation of forage and plant mortality for different conditions of species and soils. Detailed studies …
Canopy Structure And Forage Production Of Lolium Rididum Gaudin As Influenced By The Frequency Of Defoliation,
2024
Centro di Studio sul migliorameto della produttivita dei pascoli
Canopy Structure And Forage Production Of Lolium Rididum Gaudin As Influenced By The Frequency Of Defoliation, P P. Roggero, A Franca, M Sitzia, S Caredda
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
An experiment was conducted in Sardinia to develop an appropriate rotational grazing management regime in spring for an ecotype of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin). Three intermittent defoliation treatments were compared using sward surface height (10, 15 or 20 cm) to determine time of cutting. Forage dry matter yield, tiller population density, LAI, vertical distribution of plant tissues and other related characteristics were measured. Cutting when sward reached 10 cm resulted In significantly lower yields but a better canopy structure (denser sward, higher percentage of leaves in the bottom layers, higher leaf: sheath ratio) than the other treatments. The …
Physiological Response And Leaf Production Of Two C4 Grasses After Small Rainfall Events,
2024
USDA
Physiological Response And Leaf Production Of Two C4 Grasses After Small Rainfall Events, A J. Norman, T L. Thurow, C A. Taylor Jr
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The response of plant water status and leaf production of sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula Michx.) and curly mesquite (Hilaria belangeri Steud.) to application of 10 mm of water were studied in 6 continuous weighing lysimeters near Sonora, Texas, USA.: Transpiration, stomata! conductance, xylem water potentials and leaf production were measured foe both species. Soil water content was monitored in each lysimeter. The 10-mm simulated rainfall events improved plant water status regardless of prior soil water· content.' The transpiration rate for both species was similar. Stomata! conductance' of B. c1irtipe11d11/a responded faster after the simulated rainfall events. More favorable …
Effects Of Cutting Dates In Primary Growth, Water Soluble Carbohydrate Content And Nitrogen Fertilization On Regrowth Of Perennial Ryegrass,
2024
TUM Lehrstuhl fur Frunland und Futterbau
Effects Of Cutting Dates In Primary Growth, Water Soluble Carbohydrate Content And Nitrogen Fertilization On Regrowth Of Perennial Ryegrass, W Pohlmann, U Simon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In a field experiment, an early• and a late-maturing cultivar of perennial ryegrass were cut during the primary growth in 6-weekly intervals starting when the early cultivar (Lolium perenne L.) reached stage of growth 31 (Simon & Park 1983, Proceedings XIV IGC), at 2 levels of nitrogen fertilisation. Dry mailer yield (DMY) in the regrowth was determined 4 weeks after defoliation in the primary growth. DMY in the regrowth decreased with delayed cutting in the primary growth. No significant correlation existed between the content of water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) in 1he stubble at the time of defoliation in the …
Effect Of Row Spacing And Sowing Rate On Establishment Of Lucerne Cv. Grasslands Oranga,
2024
Massey University
Effect Of Row Spacing And Sowing Rate On Establishment Of Lucerne Cv. Grasslands Oranga, M Askarian, J G. Hampton
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Studies on the effects of various row spacings and sowing rates on the establishment of autumn-sown lucerne (Medicago saliva L) cv. Grasslands Oranga were carried out in a split-plot experiment at Massey University Palmerston North, New Zealand. Seed was sown on 15 March 1991 at 1, 3, 6 and 12 kwha at row spacings of 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm. Seedling establishment increased as sowing rate and row spacing increased, but numbers of seedlings were not directly proportional to the number of seeds sown. The percentage establishment 6 months after sowing was significantly higher atthe lowest sowing rate. …
Evaluating The Effect Of Plantlet Age And Trichoderma Spp. Application On Acclimatization Of Boehmeria Nivea L. Gaud,
2024
Study Program of Master of Agronomi, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran
Evaluating The Effect Of Plantlet Age And Trichoderma Spp. Application On Acclimatization Of Boehmeria Nivea L. Gaud, Eva Aprilia, Anne Nuraini, Muhamad Kadapi
Jurnal Kultivasi
One of the crucial stages in the ramie plant (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) tissue culture is the acclimatization phase, which transitions between the in vitro and ex-vitro environments. Determining the appropriate age of plantlets and providing nutrients in the substrate play significant roles in the success of acclimatization. This research is conducted to determine the most suitable age of plantlets for acclimatization and assess the impact of providing nutrients through Trichoderma spp. application on the growth of ramie seedlings during the acclimatization phase. The experiment was conducted between January and March 2023 at the Screenhouse Bale Tatanen, Faculty of Agriculture, …
Searching For New Germplasm For The Year 2000 And Beyond,
2024
Universitat, Hohenheim
Searching For New Germplasm For The Year 2000 And Beyond, Rainer Schultze-Kraft, Warren M. Williams, John M. Keoghan
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The likely germplasm needs for the next decades are discussed with major emphasis on tropical pastures, although many of the considerations apply also to temperate grasslands. The largest, and internationally most relevant, tropical-germplasm collections are held by CSIRO, CIAT and ILCA. Gerznplasm of <600 grass and <1500 legume species is available (with 6000-7000 and 26000-28000 accessions, respectively), representing 100-120 grass and 150-200 legume genera. Temperate germplasm collections are more numerous and hold larger numbers of accessions; they are, however, even more narrowly focused on very few genera (mainly four legume and eight grass genera). The numbers of species represented in the germplasm collections are only a fraction of considerably higher figures suggested in the literature as wild species with forage potential. Further collections to increase this fraction and to safeguard germplasm from genetic erosion and loss of biodiversity are warranted. International co-operation is suggested. Future germplasm needs are seen, in the tropics, mainly for low-input production systems on marginal, degraded lands and for agropastoral systems, and, in the temperate zone, for sustainable grasslands systems. Because of their dualpurpose characteristics legumes are expected to play a key role. It is suggested that the present collections might not contain a sufficiently broad base of germplasm with the required characteristics for the aforementioned production systems. Collection gaps can be identified only through thorough analyses of important genera and regions, based on a solid body of information that still needs to be assembled. A series of research topics is suggested to assist in future collection strategies, germplasm management and evaluation, and to create the basis for future breeding projects. However, expensive and long-term breeding programmes with tropical and many temperate forages are not encouraged for the near future unless the respective species and its natural variability are well enough known. The same applies to genetic manipulation via biotechnology. Implications arising from molecular biology are that new techniques are now available to improve understanding of genetic diversity and taxonomic relationships, and that the potential genetic resource now spans animals, micro-organisms and plants other than the target species. This wider genepool is also endangered and its conservation will rely on in situ preservation of the diverse ecosystems of which it is composed. The need of international support, co-operation and co-ordination regarding germplasm collection, related research and communication is emphasised. The creation of an JBPGR-sponsored, permanent, international working group on forages is suggested.
Establishing And Sharing Collections Of Valuable Global Resource,
2024
Mt. Pleasant Laboratories, Australia
Establishing And Sharing Collections Of Valuable Global Resource, R Reid
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The conservation of forage plant genetic resources has attracted growing public and scientific interest in recent times. The number of genebanks has risen significantly with a concomitant increase in the total number of accessions. Competition for funds and some duplication of effort has led to an increasing need for co-operation between the curators if the full potential of the germplasm is to be realised. International organisations such as PAO, the mandated CGIAR Centres and IBPGR, have played a major role in establishing sustainable forage genetic resource programmes; and despite the restrictions of limited funding, have made some significant achievements in …
Plant List Of Accepted Nomenclature, Taxonomy And Symbols,
2024
USDA, Soil Conservation Service
Plant List Of Accepted Nomenclature, Taxonomy And Symbols, J S. Peterson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The Plant List of Accepted Nomenclature, Taxonomy & Symbols (PLANTS) is a dynamic database providing scientific and vernacular names, distributional, growth form, origin, symbols and bibliographic standardised botanical data to US federal agencies. PLANTS encompasses the vascular plant, moss, lichen and liverwort flora of North America, north of the Mexico border, including US states and territories.
The C3 Plants And C4 Plants Growing On Semi-Arid Steppes Of North-East China,
2024
Northeast Normal University
The C3 Plants And C4 Plants Growing On Semi-Arid Steppes Of North-East China, Yin Lijuan, Zhu Tingcheng
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The north-east steppe of China is semi-arid. Forty-seven species of C3 plants and 53 species of C4 plants were defined. The C pathway of the 42 forage species among the total l 00 species is firstly identified by determining the ratio between RuBPCase/PEPCase (RIP) and observing the Kranz leaf anatomy. The abundance of C4 plants decreases with decreasing precipitation and the intensity of soil sandesation, and increases with lower latitude and increased soil salinisation.
Indigenous Populations Of Lolium Perenne L. Identification, Evaluation And Conservation,
2024
Universitat Kassel
Indigenous Populations Of Lolium Perenne L. Identification, Evaluation And Conservation, G Spatz, A Oetmann, C Paul
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
One hundred indigenous ryegrass populations were identified along 2 geographical gradients in Germany (west-east and north-south), Each population was sampled by collecting 180 tillers in 1991. The total 18 000 tillers were cultivated and will be examined as spaced plants (ex situ) in 1992 Nine selected populations were investigated in situ 1991. The results of the i11 situ investigations show high variability between and within the populations. The most valuable populations will be conserved as gene reserves within their environments (i11 situ). Promising material will in future be handed over to private breeders.
A Study On The Promising Ecotypes Of Secale Montaanum Guss.,
2024
University of Tehran
A Study On The Promising Ecotypes Of Secale Montaanum Guss., Bahram Peymani-Fard
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Secale montamum (mountain rye) has been identified as a well-adapted species for rehabilitation of the substeppic rangelands of Iran. Further investigation on the quality and quantity values of different ecotypes of this species was required. The main objective of this study was to determine phenological stages, herbage yield and protein percentage of the promising native ecotypes of Secale montanum. This research was conducted on 7 ecotypes in which early growth started in late April and heading occurred in late May. Comparison of the 4-year total herbage yield indicated significant differences among the ecotypes, Secale momtanum (10091), which was the previously …
Breeding Systems Of Several Vicia Species,
2024
Auburn University
Breeding Systems Of Several Vicia Species, J A. Mosjidis, X Zhang
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Lack of or limited knowledge of 1he breeding systems of most of the Vicia speci1;s in the National Plant Germplasm System (USA) makes difficult the regeneration of the accessions as well as the maintenance of their genetic variability. Twenty-three accessions of V. arliculata, V. benghalensis, V. cracca, V. ervilia, V. lutea, V. narbonensis, V. pamionica and V. villosa were grown in the field in 1989 and 1990. Some plants were left uncovered outside"cages until fully mature while others were enclosed in cages when the first flower buds appeared. Plowers of the plants placed inside cages were subjected to the following …
Forage Quality Determinants Of Mott Elephantgrass And Pennisetum Hybrids,
2024
University of Florida
Forage Quality Determinants Of Mott Elephantgrass And Pennisetum Hybrids, L E. Sollenberger, J E. Moore, J A. Flores-C, C J. Chaparro, B Macoon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Daily gains of cattle grazing Mott elephantgrass (MB; Pennisteum purpureIum Schum.) arc approximately twice those obtained on other warm-season perennial grasses grown in Florida, USA, but plant characteristics responsible for the high forage quality of MB have not been identified. Three experiments were conducted during 1987- 1991 to determine factors that explain the high forage quality of MB and to assess the quality potential of P. purpureum x P. glaucum (L.) [R.Br.J x clephantgrass hybrids. Higher organic matter (OM) digestibility and intake of MB than Pensacola bahiagrass (PB; Paspalum nonatum Flugge) were associated with a lesser percentage of sclercnchyma (1.6 …
Characterisation Of Us Collection Of Clover And Special Purpose Legume Germplasm,
2024
USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Characterisation Of Us Collection Of Clover And Special Purpose Legume Germplasm, R R. Smith, K H. Quesenberry
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Systematic collection of forage legume germplasm by the USA from the centers of origin was initiated in the 1890s. Since then over 11 000 accessions of clover and special-purpose legume species have been introduced into the US. These accessions are catalogued and maintained by the National Plant Germplasm System with working collections located at 4 locations in the US. Appropriate passport and evaluation data are available in the US Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). The Clover and Special Purpose Legume Crop Advisory Commitlee is responsible for providing advice to the National Plant Germplasm System on the collection, mnintenance, evaluation and …
Determination Of Extractable And Bound Condensed Tannins In Forage Species,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Determination Of Extractable And Bound Condensed Tannins In Forage Species, G B. Douglas, P Donkers, A G. Foote, T N. Barry
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The levels of condensed tannins (CT) in 12 herbaceous species growing at 2 sites were determined using a recently modified butanolHCL procedure. The method measured CT extractable in 70:30 acetone: water, and CT bound to protein and fibre, using ground, freeze-dried material. Total plant CT levels ranged from trace to 8% OM, with high concentrations (5-8% DM) being detected in 3 Dorycnium spp. and Lotus pedunculatus. Coronilla varia, Hedysarum coronarium and Lotus corniculatus had CT levels of 2-4% DM which may be appropriate for optimum nutritional value. CT content in ·n. rect11m, D. pe11taphyl/11m and L. pedunculatus was higher …
Herbaceous And Shrub Legumes Of Queensland: A Resource For Forage And Crop Improvement,
2024
CSIRO
Herbaceous And Shrub Legumes Of Queensland: A Resource For Forage And Crop Improvement, J B. Hacker
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The potential for pasture or crop improvement of legume species native to Queensland, Australia is discussed. The most promising genera are Cajanus, Desmodlum, Glycine, Psoralea, Sesbanla and Vigna. Genera endemic to Australia offer little immediate scope for use in pasture or crop improvement. Some species, particularly in the genera Acacia, Crotalaria, Gastroloblum, Indigofera and Neptunia, can be toxic to livestock.
