Genome Assembly Of The Brassicaceae Diploid
Orychophragmus Violaceus Reveals Complex
Whole-Genome Duplication And Evolution
Of Dihydroxy Fatty Acid Metabolism,
2023
Huazhong Agricultural University
Genome Assembly Of The Brassicaceae Diploid Orychophragmus Violaceus Reveals Complex Whole-Genome Duplication And Evolution Of Dihydroxy Fatty Acid Metabolism, Fan Huang, Peng Chen, Xinyu Tang, Ting Zhong, Taihua Yang, Chinedu Charles Nwafor, Chao Yang, Xianhong Ge, Hong An, Zaiyun Li, Edgar B. Cahoon, Chunyu Zhang
Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications
Orychophragmus violaceus is a Brassicaceae species widely cultivated in China, particularly as a winter cover crop in northern China because of its low-temperature tolerance and low water demand. Recently, O. violaceus has also been cultivated as a potential industrial oilseed crop because of its abundant 24- carbon dihydroxy fatty acids (diOH-FAs), which contribute to superior high-temperature lubricant properties. In this study, we performed de novo assembly of the O. violaceus genome. Whole-genome synteny analysis of the genomes of its relatives demonstrated that O. violaceus is a diploid that has undergone an extra whole-genome duplication (WGD) after the Brassicaceae-specific α-WGD event, …
Plant Breeding Advancements
With “Crispr-Cas” Genome
Editing Technologies Will Assist
Future Food Security,
2023
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Plant Breeding Advancements With “Crispr-Cas” Genome Editing Technologies Will Assist Future Food Security, M. Ahmad
Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications
Genome editing techniques are being used to modify plant breeding, which might increase food production sustainably by 2050. A product made feasible by genome editing is becoming better known, because of looser regulation and widespread acceptance. The world’s population and food supply would never have increased proportionally under current farming practices. The development of plants and food production has been greatly impacted by global warming and climate change. Therefore, minimizing these effects is crucial for agricultural production that is sustainable. Crops are becoming more resilient to abiotic stress because of sophisticated agricultural practices and a better understanding of the abiotic …
An International Wheat Diversity Panel Reveals Novel Sources Of Genetic Resistance To Tan Spot In Australia,
2023
University of Adelaide
An International Wheat Diversity Panel Reveals Novel Sources Of Genetic Resistance To Tan Spot In Australia, Julian Taylor, Dorthe Jorgensen, Caroline S. Moffat, Ken J. Chalmers, Rebecca Fox, Grant J. Hollaway, Melissa J. Cook, Stephen M. Neate, Pao Theen See, Manisha Shankar
Biosecurity Research Articles
Tan spot is a foliar disease in wheat caused by the fungal pathogen Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr) and has been reported to generate up to 50% yield losses under favourable disease conditions. Although farming management practices are available to reduce disease, the most economically sustainable approach is establishing genetic resistance through plant breeding. To further understand the genetic basis for disease resistance, we conducted a phenotypic and genetic analysis study using an international diversity panel of 192 wheat lines from the Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), the International Centre for Agriculture in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) and Australian (AUS) wheat …
Analysis And Installation Of A Demonstration Agroforestry Orchard For Californian Mediterranean Plant Communities,
2023
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Analysis And Installation Of A Demonstration Agroforestry Orchard For Californian Mediterranean Plant Communities, Brandon Hurd
Master of Science in Environmental Sciences and Management Projects
Climate-appropriate agroforestry can provide low-input food security and ecosystem services for local Californian Mediterranean climates, while conserving natural resources (e.g., water, nitrogen, etc.). This project showcases a variety of agroforestry methods for five common plant communities of California and other analogous Mediterranean climates at the CAFES Experimental Farm on the campus of Cal Poly San Luis Obispo. Plant community species and their ethnobotanical uses were analyzed to mimic and incorporate aspects of native flora. Agricultural plants were also characterized to represent each of the five selected plant communities. GIS was used to assess the project site for soil, slope, and …
Validation Of Newly Designed Ssr Markers For Eight Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Genotypes With Variable Heat Tolerance Responses Based On Agromorphic Data And Pollen Fertility Analysis [Research Note],
2023
University of the Philippines Diliman
Validation Of Newly Designed Ssr Markers For Eight Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Genotypes With Variable Heat Tolerance Responses Based On Agromorphic Data And Pollen Fertility Analysis [Research Note], Monaliza B. Magat, Norvie L. Manigbas, Jessica D. Rey
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
Rice is one of the most valuable staple food crops in the world. However, several challenges greatly affect production, one of which is the threat imposed by heat stress. To address this, researchers are developing varieties that are heat stress tolerant with genetic markers aid. In this study, eight rice genotypes, namely Dular, Nagina 22, NSIC Rc 222, Milyang 23, EL15, EL92, EL85, and IR52 were observed for agromorphic data, which included plant height, panicle length, filled and unfilled grains, and grain yield. Flower samples were collected to determine the effect of heat stress on pollen fertility. Molecular markers were …
M. ‘Teresita Lantin-Rosario’ And M. ‘Dolores A. Ramirez’ – New Varieties Of Mussaenda [Research Note],
2023
University of the Philippines Los Banos
M. ‘Teresita Lantin-Rosario’ And M. ‘Dolores A. Ramirez’ – New Varieties Of Mussaenda [Research Note], Gerlie P. Antesco, Jennelyn C. Bengoa, Maria Luisa D. Guevarra
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
An outstanding selections of Mussaenda developed in the Institute of Plant Breeding (IPB), College of Agriculture and Food Science (CAFS), University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) were registered to the National Seed Industry Council as new varieties. These are Mussaenda ‘Teresita Lantin-Rosario’ and Mussaenda ‘Dolores A. Ramirez’, named after an ornamental plant breeder and a National Scientist, respectively, in recognition to their significant contributions in the fields of genetics and plant breeding. Mussaenda ‘Teresita Lantin-Rosario’ is a hybrid and a progeny from a cross between M. ‘Maria Makiling’ and M. ‘Diwata’. The calyx lobes are all petaloid, numerous, and …
A Genome-Wide Association Study And Genomic Prediction For Fiber And Sucrose Contents In A Mapping Population Of Lcp 85-384 Sugarcane,
2023
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
A Genome-Wide Association Study And Genomic Prediction For Fiber And Sucrose Contents In A Mapping Population Of Lcp 85-384 Sugarcane, Haizheng Xiong, Yilin Chen, Yong-Bao Pan, Ainong Shi
Horticulture Faculty Publications and Presentations
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) is an economically important crop for both sugar and biofuel industries. Fiber and sucrose contents are the two most critical quantitative traits in sugarcane breeding that require multiple-year and multiple-location evaluations. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) could significantly reduce the time and cost of developing new sugarcane varieties. The objectives of this study were to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify DNA markers associated with fiber and sucrose contents and to perform genomic prediction (GP) for the two traits. Fiber and sucrose data were collected from 237 self-pollinated progenies of LCP 85-384, the most popular …
Morphological Characterization Of Intraspecific Variation For Trichome Traits In Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum),
2023
The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Morphological Characterization Of Intraspecific Variation For Trichome Traits In Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum), Satinderpal Kaur, Neetu Khanal, Robert Dearth, Rupesh Kariyat
Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Trichomes, the hairlike protuberances in plants, have been well known to act as the first line of defense against herbivores, and abiotic stresses, along with other structural defenses such as spines, thorns, and waxes. We previously reported the tremendous variation in trichome traits among different wild and cultivated Solanum species and demonstrated that trichomes types and density are traditionally miscalculated and often misnamed. However, intraspecific variation in trichome traits is poorly understood, although this has implications for stress tolerance and resistance breeding programs in economically important crop species and can also mediate ecological interactions at multiple trophic levels in their …
Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Performance Tests 2022,
2023
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Performance Tests 2022, J. F. Carlin, R. B. Mulloy, R. D. Bond
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
Corn and grain sorghum performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture. The tests provide information to companies marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating recommendations for producers. The 2022 corn performance tests contained 68 hybrids and were conducted at the Northeast Rice Research and Extension Center (NERREC) at Harrisburg, the Northeast Rice Research and Extension Center (NEREC) at Keiser, the Lon Mann Cotton Research Station (LMCRS) near Marianna, the Rohwer Research Station (RRS) near Rohwer, and the Rice Research and Extension Center (RREC) …
Sphingolipid Long-Chain Base Signaling In Compatible And
Non-Compatible Plant–Pathogen Interactions In Arabidopsis,
2023
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo
Sphingolipid Long-Chain Base Signaling In Compatible And Non-Compatible Plant–Pathogen Interactions In Arabidopsis, Mariana Saucedo-García, Ariadna González-Solís, Priscila Rodríguez-Mejía, Guadalupe Lozano-Rosas, Teresa De Jesús Olivera-Flores, Laura Carmona-Salazar, A. Arturo Guevara-García, Edgar B. Cahoon, Marina Gavilanes-Ruíz
Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications
The chemical diversity of sphingolipids in plants allows the assignment of specific roles to special molecular species. These roles include NaCl receptors for glycosylinositolphosphoceramides or second messengers for long-chain bases (LCBs), free or in their acylated forms. Such signaling function has been associated with plant immunity, with an apparent connection to mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MPK6) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). This work used in planta assays with mutants and fumonisin B1 (FB1) to generate varying levels of endogenous sphingolipids. This was complemented with in planta pathogenicity tests using virulent and avirulent Pseudomonas syringae strains. Our results indicate that the …
The Trojan Horse Of The Paddy Field: Determining The Genetic Origins Of Seed Shattering In Spanish Weedy Rice,
2023
Gallaudet University
The Trojan Horse Of The Paddy Field: Determining The Genetic Origins Of Seed Shattering In Spanish Weedy Rice, Eric Heinze
Undergraduate University Honors Capstones
Weedy rice, or red rice, is an agricultural weed that has evolved independently in different parts of the world from cultivated rice. Significant crop damage has resulted from weed infestations, leading to a loss of income for farmers and a severe reduction in crop yield. Seed shattering is one of the most distinctive and problematic characteristics of weedy rice, as it allows seeds to disperse and persist in soil for long periods and limit the effectiveness of current weed control efforts. While previous studies have identified a mutation causing a reduction in shattering between wild and cultivated rice, the exact …
Enhancing Tomato Fruit Quality: Application Of Crispr/Dcas9-Mediated Methylation On The Pg Gene Promoter Region,
2023
University of Connecticut
Enhancing Tomato Fruit Quality: Application Of Crispr/Dcas9-Mediated Methylation On The Pg Gene Promoter Region, Irena Komninakas
Holster Scholar Projects
Commercially produced tomatoes are typically harvested well before maturation in order to withstand domestic and international distribution. While this process ensures unspoiled goods, the nutritional value of the fruits have been curtailed as a result of premature harvesting. Previous research has found that the polygalacturonase gene (PG gene) is responsible for cell wall degradation of the tomato. In this study, CRISPR/dCas9 technology was employed to increase methylation levels in the promoter regions of the PG gene. This method is significant in that it epigenetically modifies the tomato genome using a technique that has the potential to develop non-genetically modified progeny …
Genome-Wide Association Studies And Advanced Genomic Selection Strategies: Towards The Optimization Of Oat (Avena Sativa L) Breeding,
2023
South Dakota State University
Genome-Wide Association Studies And Advanced Genomic Selection Strategies: Towards The Optimization Of Oat (Avena Sativa L) Breeding, Girma Ayana
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Oats are important cereal crops worldwide, primarily valued for their nutritional and health benefits. The primary goal of oat breeding programs is to accelerate genetic gain to develop oat varieties with the desired product profiles, with the aim of meeting the needs and expectations of growers, processors, and consumers. Achieving this goal involves conducting extensive and resource-intensive field trials, particularly for traits such as crop yield and grain quality, which are strongly influenced by environmental factors. The availability of cost-effective molecular markers and tools like genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic selection have the potential to accelerate the oat breeding …
Sequencing Antisense Transcriptome Of Populus Through Antisense/Sense Transcript Pair Enrichment,
2023
Michigan Technological University
Sequencing Antisense Transcriptome Of Populus Through Antisense/Sense Transcript Pair Enrichment, Emma V. Burke
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
Past transcriptome research on plants focused primarily on protein coding genes, and only recently researchers began looking into the non-protein coding regions that may play significant roles in gene regulation. Antisense RNA transcripts that are found naturally in the cell share complementary sequence with sense transcripts and have been shown to regulate expression of their sense counterparts. Since antisense RNA has been largely under-studied and difficult to sequence because of their low relative abundance, new methods are needed to target antisense RNA for efficient genome-wide profiling. To address this gap in methods to efficiently and cost effectively enrich antisense RNA …
Floral And Genetic Divergence Across Environmental Gradients Is Moderated By Inter-Population Gene Flow In Platanthera Dilatata (Orchidaceae),
2023
Old Dominion University
Floral And Genetic Divergence Across Environmental Gradients Is Moderated By Inter-Population Gene Flow In Platanthera Dilatata (Orchidaceae), Lisa E. Wallace, Marlin L. Bowles
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Understanding how natural selection acts on intraspecific variation to bring about phenotypic divergence is critical to understanding processes of evolutionary diversification. The orchid family is well known for pollinator-mediated selection of floral phenotypes operating among species and along environmental or geographic gradients. Its effectiveness at small spatial scales is less understood, making the geographic scale at which intraspecific floral variation is examined important to evaluating causes of phenotypic divergence. In this study, we quantified phenotypic variation in the orchid Platanthera dilatata across 26 populations in coastal Southeast Alaska and compared this to edaphic and genetic variation at microsatellite loci. We …
Winter Rye (Secale Cereale L.) Management And Production Profitability In Kentucky, And Heritability Of Sensory Attributes,
2023
University of Kentucky
Winter Rye (Secale Cereale L.) Management And Production Profitability In Kentucky, And Heritability Of Sensory Attributes, Elzbieta Szuleta
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
Winter rye (Secale cereale L.) is a small grain crop characterized by outstanding tolerance to drought, low temperatures, soil salinity and relatively low nutritional requirements. Rye is widely used as a cover crop, well known for its deep root system and outstanding nitrogen scavenging ability. This crop is widely used as a feed for livestock but also it is beneficial in human nutrition. Because of its versatile use, nutritional benefits and unique aroma and flavor, especially for bread and whiskey, there is an increasing interest in this crop in the United States. Unfortunately, rye grain production in the United …
Improving Baking Quality Of Soft Red Winter Wheat In Kentucky Through Breeding And Sulfur-Nitrogen Fertility Management,
2023
University of Kentucky
Improving Baking Quality Of Soft Red Winter Wheat In Kentucky Through Breeding And Sulfur-Nitrogen Fertility Management, Maria Paula Castellari
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
Soft Red Winter (SRW) wheat is an important crop grown on about 400,000 acres in Kentucky as a pivotal cash crop in the 3-crops-in-2-years rotation of corn, wheat, and soybean. The humid environment of Kentucky generates a high yielding wheat crop, with low protein concentration and weak gluten strength. This wheat is mainly sold to millers and used by the industry for cakes, pastries, cookies, and crackers. Conversely, there is a rapidly growing interest in identifying other value-added markets for this wheat different to commodity commercialization, such as artisan-baked goods and craft-distilled beverages. Evaluating the quality characteristics of wheat grown …
Intraspecific Hybrid Identification Of Black Walnuts Via Marker Assisted Selection,
2023
Missouri State University
Intraspecific Hybrid Identification Of Black Walnuts Via Marker Assisted Selection, Makenna B. Thompson
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
The improvement of Eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) cultivars could increase market expansion. Improved cultivars with superior qualities would increase profitability for both the seller and the buyer. Agronomically and economically important traits such as heavier nut weight, disease resistance, tree structure integrity, and yearly nut production can be efficiently improved by breeding black walnuts via marker-assisted selection. Microsatellite/simple sequence repeat markers were used in this research to determine potential intraspecific hybrids between ‘Football’ and ‘Sparrow’ cultivars. Intraspecific is defined as of the same genus and species. This quality makes it more difficult to identify hybrids because the parent …
Morphological And Genetic Analysis Of The Root System In Two American Grapevines (Vitis Species),
2023
Missouri State University
Morphological And Genetic Analysis Of The Root System In Two American Grapevines (Vitis Species), Parinaz Mohtasebi
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
The North American grapes species Vitis rupestris Scheele and Vitis riparia Michx have been the pillars of rootstock breeding for many decades. Though a large body of viticultural knowledge has been accumulated on their impact on grafted scions, the genetic basis of their root system architecture (RSA) has received limited scientific attention. In this study, I generated and analyzed adventitious root systems from dormant cuttings of 22 V. riparia and 19 V. rupestris accessions, as well as 162 interspecific F1 hybrid progeny from a cross between V. rupestris (♀) and V. riparia (♂). I photographed the roots and then extracted …
Comparative Genomics Of The Putatively Asexual Powder Lichens Lepraria And Other Lecanoromycete Lichens,
2023
Eastern Washington University
Comparative Genomics Of The Putatively Asexual Powder Lichens Lepraria And Other Lecanoromycete Lichens, Bubba Pfeffer
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
No abstract provided.
