Summaries Of Arkansas Cotton Research 2023,
2024
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Summaries Of Arkansas Cotton Research 2023, Fred Bourland
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
With current production costs and cotton prices, either record or near-record yields are needed for profitable cotton production in Arkansas. As usual, price volatility in 2023 added another level of difficulty in the quest for being profitable. Cotton futures traded between 80 and 90 cents per pound in 2023, with brief times below 80 cents and above 90 cents. In April, cotton futures dropped below 80 cents per pound, the lowest level in almost four months. This was due to an increase in certificated stocks, declining demand, and a growing world carryover. The average cotton price received by U.S. growers …
Identification Of Downy Mildew Resistance In Wild Arugula And Evaluation Of Downy Mildew Causing Pathogens And Management Practices,
2024
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Identification Of Downy Mildew Resistance In Wild Arugula And Evaluation Of Downy Mildew Causing Pathogens And Management Practices, Reilly B. Blair
Master's Theses
Downy mildew has been a potentially devastating constraint to crop production within the Brassicaceae family worldwide (CABI, 2022) and on the Central Coast of California (Smukler, et al, 2008; Koike, et al. 2007). Downy mildew is a foliar disease, caused by the pathogens in the Hyaloperonospora genus on plants within the Brassicaceae family (Goker, et al, 2009). Downy mildew is a disease that is common in region of the world with Coastal climates that provide humidity and moderate temperatures (Sarahan, et al, 2017). Crops within the Brassicaceae family maintain a predominant role in agricultural systems worldwide (Cartea, et al, 2011) …
Reaction-Diffusions System Simulated On Irregular Shapes And Surfaces Model Petal Spot Patterns In Monkeyflower Hybrids,
2024
William & Mary
Reaction-Diffusions System Simulated On Irregular Shapes And Surfaces Model Petal Spot Patterns In Monkeyflower Hybrids, Emily Simmons, Arielle M. Cooley, Joshua R. Puzey, Gregory D. Conradi Smith
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
The De-Domestication Of Ornithopus Sativus Brot. To Develop Cultivars With Physical Dormancy (Hardseed),
2024
Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia
The De-Domestication Of Ornithopus Sativus Brot. To Develop Cultivars With Physical Dormancy (Hardseed), Robert J. Harrison, Bradley J. Nutt, Ronald J. Yates, Belinda F. Hackney, John G. Howieson
Grain and Other Field Crops Research Articles
Ornithopus sativus Brot. (French serradella) is a forage legume that is well adapted to acidic coarse textured soils (sands) which are characterized by poor nutrition and an inability to retain water. During the process of domestication of O. sativus, there was an unintentional loss of seed physical dormancy (PY) thus compromising its self-regeneration after a cropping interval. Through mass screening of seed, we identified for the first time that heritable sources of PY exist in three populations of O. sativus. This rare genetic material was then incorporated into suitable genetic backgrounds of differing maturity through targeted hybridization. We demonstrated …
Transcriptomic Profile Of Armillaria Root Rot Fungi Affecting The U.S. Stone Fruit Industry,
2024
Clemson University
Transcriptomic Profile Of Armillaria Root Rot Fungi Affecting The U.S. Stone Fruit Industry, Jared Weaver
All Theses
Armillaria Root Rot (ARR) is a significant replant disease threatening the future of the United States stone fruit industry. Economic loss in South Carolina peach orchards is estimated to be $8M annually due to approximately 3-4% of annual tree deaths caused by ARR on replant sites. Management solutions are insufficient and can at best extend the life of the orchards on replant sites. The only solution to solving the ARR problem, apart from abandoning the replant site for peach production, is planting orchards on ARR-resistant rootstock. Significant progress has been made towards providing growers with genetically resistant rootstock, however, for …
Post-Translational Regulation Of A Bidomain
Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Catalyzing Glycerol
Synthesis Under Salinity Stress In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii,
2024
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Post-Translational Regulation Of A Bidomain Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Catalyzing Glycerol Synthesis Under Salinity Stress In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Itzela Cruz-Powell, Binita Subedi, Yeongho Kim, Daniela Morales-Sánchez, Heriberto D. Cerutti
Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications
Core chlorophytes possess glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenases (GPDs) with an unusual bidomain structure, consisting of a glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase (GPP) domain fused to canonical GPD domains. These plastid-localized enzymes have been implicated in stress responses, being required for the synthesis of glycerol under high salinity and triacylglycerols under nutrient deprivation. However, their regulation under varying environmental conditions is poorly understood. C. reinhardtii transgenic strains expressing constitutively bidomain GPD2 did not accumulate glycerol or triacylglycerols in the absence of any environmental stress. Although the glycerol contents of both wild type and transgenic strains increased significantly upon exposure to high salinity, cycloheximide, an inhibitor of …
Enhancement Of Applied Rice Breeding Programs: Exploring Factors Impacting Genomic Selection Accuracy And Discovery Of A Novel Gene For Grain Shape,
2024
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Enhancement Of Applied Rice Breeding Programs: Exploring Factors Impacting Genomic Selection Accuracy And Discovery Of A Novel Gene For Grain Shape, Maria G. Montiel
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Plant breeding is a crucial tool in addressing global challenges such as climate change, population growth, and the need for more resilient crops. Rice serves as a staple food for a significant portion of the global population and has served as a model crop for genetic and genomic studies. Genomic selection (GS) has become valuable tool in plant breeding, allowing breeders to predict breeding lines’ performance based on their genotypes. The training (TS) set is a central component of genomic selection and the optimization of the training set is crucial for efficient implementation of genomic selection. The first two objectives …
Assessment Of The Genotoxic Effect Of Pesticide (Profenophos And Cypermethrin) On Allium Cepa L. Through Comet Assay,
2024
Department of Botany Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
Assessment Of The Genotoxic Effect Of Pesticide (Profenophos And Cypermethrin) On Allium Cepa L. Through Comet Assay, Ali Hasnian, Muhammad Rizwan, Hamed Dadkhah-Aghdash ., Zahid Mehmood, Ayesha Iqbal, Zarbab Zulfiqar, Bin Yameen, Hafiz Naveed Anjum, Sohaib Muhammad, Muhammad Luqman, Andleeb Anwar Sardar, Muhammad Umer Farooq
Journal of Bioresource Management
Pesticides are specially designed to control pests and help in increasing the yield of crops. This study aims to investigate the genotoxic effect of the major ingredients of commonly used pesticides (Profenophos and Cypermethrin) on Allium cepa L. in different regions of the province of Punjab, Pakistan. Profenophos and Cypermethrin pesticides are extensively used by local farmers. Six different dilutions of Profenophos and Cypermethrin pesticide ranging from, 0.5 ml/L, 1 ml/L, 1.5 ml/L, 2 ml/L, 2.5 ml/L and 3.0 ml/L were applied initially on seeds germination. Seeds grown in a 3.0 ml/L concentration showed a lower radical length percentage as …
Genomes Of Multicellular Algal Sisters To
Land Plants Illuminate Signaling Network
Evolution,
2024
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Genomes Of Multicellular Algal Sisters To Land Plants Illuminate Signaling Network Evolution, Xuehuan Feng, Jinfang Zheng, Iker Irisarri, Huihui Yu, Bo Zheng, Zahin Ali, Sophie De Vries, Jean Keller, Janine M. R. Fürst-Jansen, Armin Dadras, Jaccoline M. S. Zegers, Tim P. Rieseberg, Amra Dhabalia Ashok, Tatyana Darienko, Maaike J. Bierenbroodspot, Lydia Gramzow, Romy Petroll, Fabian B. Haas, Noe Fernandez-Pozo, Orestis Nousias, Tang Li, Elisabeth Fitzek, W. Scott Grayburn, Nina Rittmeier, Charlotte Permann, Florian Rümpler, John M. Archibald, Günter Theißen, Jeffrey P. Mower, Maike Lorenz16, Henrik Buschmann, Klaus Von Schwartzenberg, Lori Boston, Richard D. Hayes, Chris Daum, Kerrie Barry, Igor V. Grigoriev, Xiyin Wang, Fay-Wei Li, Stefan A. Rensing, Julius Ben Ari, Noa Keren, Assaf Mosquna, Andreas Holzinger, Pierre-Marc Delaux, Chi Zhang, Jinling Huang, Marek Mutwil6,, Jan De Vries, Yanbin Yin
Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications
Zygnematophyceae are the algal sisters of land plants. Here we sequenced four genomes of filamentous Zygnematophyceae, including chromosome-scale assemblies for three strains of Zygnema circumcarinatum. We inferred traits in the ancestor of Zygnematophyceae and land plants that might have ushered in the conquest of land by plants: expanded genes for signaling cascades, environmental response, and multicellular growth. Zygnematophyceae and land plants share all the major enzymes for cell wall synthesis and remodifications, and gene gains shaped this toolkit. Co-expression network analyses uncover gene cohorts that unite environmental signaling with multicellular developmental programs. Our data shed light on a molecular …
Up-Regulation Of Non-Photochemical Quenching Improves
Water Use Efficiency And Reduces Whole-Plant Water
Consumption Under Drought In Nicotiana Tabacum,
2024
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Up-Regulation Of Non-Photochemical Quenching Improves Water Use Efficiency And Reduces Whole-Plant Water Consumption Under Drought In Nicotiana Tabacum, Benjamin Turc, Seema Sahay, Jared Haupt, Talles De Oliveira Santos, Geng Bai, Katarzyna Glowacka
Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications
Water supply limitations will likely impose increasing restrictions on future crop production, underlining a need for crops that use less water per mass of yield. Water use efficiency (WUE) therefore becomes a key consideration in developing resilient and productive crops. In this study, we hypothesized that it is possible to improve WUE under drought conditions via modulation of chloroplast signals for stomatal opening by up-regulation of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Nicotiana tabacum plants with strong overexpression of the PsbS gene encoding PHOTOSYSTEM II SUBUNIT S, a key protein in NPQ, were grown under differing levels of drought. The PsbS-overexpressing lines lost …
Arkansas Cotton Variety Tests 2023,
2024
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Arkansas Cotton Variety Tests 2023, F. Bourland, J. Gann, B. Milano, B. Guest, L. Martin, J. Mcalee
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
The primary goal of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Tests is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties and advanced breeding lines in the major cotton-growing areas of Arkansas. This information helps seed companies establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant. These annual evaluations will then facilitate the inclusion of new, improved genetic material in Arkansas cotton production. Adaptation of varieties is determined by evaluating the lines at five University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture research sites (Manila, Keiser, Judd Hill, Marianna, and Rohwer). The 2023 tests at Keiser were adversely affected …
The Emerging Role Of Non-Coding Rnas (Ncrnas) In Plant
Growth, Development, And Stress Response Signaling,
2024
Michigan State University
The Emerging Role Of Non-Coding Rnas (Ncrnas) In Plant Growth, Development, And Stress Response Signaling, Amit Yadav, Jyotirmaya Mathan, Arvind Kumar Dubey, Anuradha Singh
Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications
Plant species utilize a variety of regulatory mechanisms to ensure sustainable productivity. Within this intricate framework, numerous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a crucial regulatory role in plant biology, surpassing the essential functions of RNA molecules as messengers, ribosomal, and transfer RNAs. ncRNAs represent an emerging class of regulators, operating directly in the form of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). These ncRNAs exert control at various levels, including transcription, posttranscription, translation, and epigenetic. Furthermore, they interact with each other, contributing to a variety of biological processes and mechanisms associated with stress resilience. …
Technological Bottlenecks And Innovative Developments For Rubber Tree Breeding In China,
2024
Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna 666303, China
Technological Bottlenecks And Innovative Developments For Rubber Tree Breeding In China, Yongshuai Sun, Weimin Tian, Deli Zhai, Yongping Yang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Superior varieties of rubber trees are crucial elements in achieving stable production and supply of natural rubber. In China, rubber tree planting areas are situated at the northern edga of the world’s tropical zone and thus belong to non-traditional rubber tree planting areas with climatic conditions inferior to the traditional ones in Southeast Asia. The planted rubber trees are frequently damaged by low temperatures and diseases. Therefore, an urgent need in natural rubber production is to develop varieties with highyield potential and strong stress-tolerance. The scarcity of such varieties is mainly ascribed to the highly heterozygous genome, a long juvenile …
Regulatory Landscapes: Transcriptome And Microrna Regulated Senescence And Dormancy In Grapevines And Gene Regulatory Networks In Nitrogen-Fixing Soybean Nodules,
2024
South Dakota State University
Regulatory Landscapes: Transcriptome And Microrna Regulated Senescence And Dormancy In Grapevines And Gene Regulatory Networks In Nitrogen-Fixing Soybean Nodules, Ramandeep Kaur
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Grapevine and soybean are two economically important crops, each with unique yet equally crucial physiological processes that profoundly influence their growth and productivity. Grapevine (Vitis sp.), a temperate fruit crop, employs dormancy to withstand winter challenges and can grow in various regions worldwide. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in dormancy in Vitis species, is crucial for improving grapevine selection for resilience in northern temperate regions. Dormancy induction is modulated by decreasing photoperiods in some Vitis species, enhancing their ability to prepare for winter stress conditions. Understanding the molecular underpinnings of response to photoperiod will provide potential markers for selecting genotypes …
The Genetic Diversity Of An Endangered Buttercup, Ranunculus Triternatus,
2024
Central Washington University
The Genetic Diversity Of An Endangered Buttercup, Ranunculus Triternatus, Ryan Garcia
All Graduate Projects
Ranunculus triternatus, a rare endemic species of the Columbia River Gorge, faces conservation challenges due to its limited range and fragmented populations. This study assesses the genetic diversity of R. triternatus and compares it with its widespread congener, Ranunculus glaberrimus, using inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers. Genetic data from 80 individuals across eight populations were analyzed using Nei’s genetic diversity, Shannon’s diversity index, and AMOVA. Results showed R. triternatus had higher genetic diversity than western populations of R. glaberrimus, with eastern populations of R. glaberrimus displaying greater diversity than western ones. PCA, UPGMA, and STRUCTURE analysis revealed …
Quantitative Trait Loci Influencing Elemental Content In Grapevine Leaves,
2024
Missouri State University
Quantitative Trait Loci Influencing Elemental Content In Grapevine Leaves, Jesse L. Krokower
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
In grapevine, the influence of the plant’s elemental composition (the ionome) on fruit and wine quality is well established, but its genetic underpinnings have received limited scientific attention. In this study, I analyzed the leaf ionome of 131 interspecific F1 hybrid progeny plants from a cross between a Vitis rupestris Scheele (♀) and a Vitis riparia Michx (♂) parents, which were replicated in four different environments: Southwest Missouri, Central Missouri, South Dakota, and New York. I sampled leaves at three different times during the growing season at all four locations and had the concentration of 20 elements measured using ICP-MS. …
Cold Hardiness In Vitis Interspecific Hybrid 'Chambourcin'-Based Population,
2024
Missouri State University
Cold Hardiness In Vitis Interspecific Hybrid 'Chambourcin'-Based Population, Tabinda Shahid
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
The susceptibility of grapevines to low-temperature injury presents a significant challenge, particularly in the United States. Traditional European grape cultivar, Vitis vinifera ‘Cabernet sauvignon’, faces bud damage at temperatures below freezing. On the other hand, Vitis interspecific hybrid ‘Chambourcin’, exhibits greater tolerance to sub-zero temperatures. The objective of this research was to conduct Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) on 273 F1 hybrid genotypes generated from a cross of ‘Chambourcin’ × ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ to quantify bud cold hardiness by identifying the freezing exothermic reactions. Low temperature exotherm (LTE) profiles, over two dormant seasons (December to February 2022-2024), revealed 15 interspecific hybrid …
The Genetic Diversity Of An Endangered Buttercup, Ranunculus Triternatus,
2024
Central Washington University
The Genetic Diversity Of An Endangered Buttercup, Ranunculus Triternatus, Ryan Garcia
All Master's Theses
Ranunculus triternatus, a rare endemic species of the Columbia River Gorge, faces conservation challenges due to its limited range and fragmented populations. This study assesses the genetic diversity of R. triternatus and compares it with its widespread congener, Ranunculus glaberrimus, using inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers. Genetic data from 80 individuals across eight populations were analyzed using Nei’s genetic diversity, Shannon’s diversity index, and AMOVA. Results showed R. triternatus had higher genetic diversity than western populations of R. glaberrimus, with eastern populations of R. glaberrimus displaying greater diversity than western ones. PCA, UPGMA, and STRUCTURE analysis revealed …
Natural And Artificial Selection Of Multiple Alleles Revealed Through Genomic Analyses,
2024
Marshall University
Natural And Artificial Selection Of Multiple Alleles Revealed Through Genomic Analyses, Jana Biová, Ivana Kaňovská, Yen On Chan, Manish Sridhar Immadi, Trupti Joshi, Kristin Bilyeu, Mária Škrabišová
Biomedical Sciences
Genome-to-phenome research in agriculture aims to improve crops through in silico predictions. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) is potent in identifying genomic loci that underlie important traits. As a statistical method, increasing the sample quantity, data quality, or diversity of the GWAS dataset positively impacts GWAS power. For more precise breeding, concrete candidate genes with exact functional variants must be discovered. Many post-GWAS methods have been developed to narrow down the associated genomic regions and, ideally, to predict candidate genes and causative mutations (CMs). Historical natural selection and breeding-related artificial selection both act to change the frequencies of different alleles of …
Identifying Physiological, Morphological, And Genetic Drivers Of Key Intermediary Phenotypic Traits Associated With Stalk Lodging Resistance Within Genetically Diverse Maize Germplasm And Sorghum,
2024
University of Kentucky
Identifying Physiological, Morphological, And Genetic Drivers Of Key Intermediary Phenotypic Traits Associated With Stalk Lodging Resistance Within Genetically Diverse Maize Germplasm And Sorghum, Norbert Bokros
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
Maize stalk lodging reduces grain yields due to the permanent breakage or deformation of stalk tissue before grain harvest. To reveal new insights into the complex problem of maize stalk lodging, this dissertation will examine three primary objectives. First, the direct, diurnal influence of turgor pressure will be shown to have only marginal effects on stalk bending strength, a key trait associated with stalk lodging resistance. Up to a dozen individual stalks, grown to physiological maturity within the same field, were tested using a DARLING testing device. In parallel, stalk turgor status as measured by leaf water potential and turgor …
