Plant Breeding and Genetics Commons^™

First Detection Of Naturally Introgressed Bt Cry1ab In Asian Corn Borer [Ostrinia Furnacalis (Guenée)] - Resistant Traditional Maize (Silangan) In The Philippines, Merdelyn T. Caasi-Lit, Eureka Teresa C. Ocampo, Artemio Salazar, Jefferson Paril, Bryan Novio, Bernard Panabang, Angelyn Marta Marmeto

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Resistance against insect pests is one of the most promising and highly favored characteristics of an economically important crop. In the Philippines, the Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), is the most destructive insect pest of maize. The discovery of Bacillus thuringiensis and the Bt toxin, which led to the development of Bt corn, effectively controlled this pest. In this study, four traditional varieties of maize that showed resistance against ACB were tested for the presence of Bt Cry1Ab protein. Out of these four, a traditional variety from San Carlos City, Pangasinan, which was initially thought to have natural …

Epinasty Accompanies Potassium Nitrate-Induced Flower Bud Break In 'Carabao' Mango [Research Note], Ulysses Besas, Calixto Protacio

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

The hypothesis that potassium nitrate application promotes epinasty in ‘Carabao’ mango through increased ethylene production was investigated. The degree of drooping, apical primordium growth as affected by shoot ethylene and levels after potassium nitrate spraying were monitored. Evidence presented established for the first time in ‘Carabao’ mango that epinasty occurred just before flower emergence, coinciding with visible bud break, and extended up to 18 days, marking floral anthesis. The possible reasons could be the higher levels of ethylene at 0.31% and earlier increase of ethylene in the shoot apex at four hours and apical primordium growth. Increased ethylene levels at …

Fine Mapping Of Chilling Requirement And Bloom Date To Enable Marker-Assisted Breeding Of Climate Resilient Peach, Gizem Demirel

All Theses

Peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) fruit is a delicious summer treat appreciated for its sweet, juicy, and aromatic taste all over the globe. With only 44 calories and zero fat per fruit, peach has a great popularity among consumers and producers for its nutritional and economic value. Peach production is threatened by unpredictable climate changes, rising temperatures that reduce winter chill, especially in the warmer growing areas, resulting in fruit and yield loss. Therefore, it is necessary to develop cultivars that are resilient to environmental changes. Peach breeding takes a long time, and this process can benefit from the …

Genetic Control Of Sweetness, Acidity, And Seediness In Blackberry, Carly Elizabeth Godwin

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The global blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) industry has experienced rapid growth during the past 15 years. Even so, many industry stakeholders report complaints from consumers and grocers stating blackberries are often too tart, too seedy, or not sweet enough for their liking. The development of molecular markers for high sweetness, low acidity, and reduced seediness would allow breeding programs to expeditiously make selection and crossing decisions in the early stages of the breeding pipeline. The objective of this study was to use a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) to identify marker-trait associations, locate quantitative trait loci (QTL), and find …

Crispr Gene Editing Drivers, Barriers And Prospects: A Comparative Study Among Plant Scientists Globally, Adriaan Johannes De Lange

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The introduction of CRISPR gene editing into food crops has potential to contribute to food security and sustainable food production globally. To date, most scientific studies have focused on consumer perception of CRISPR gene edited foods or the potential benefits and risks of the CRISPR technology and none have focused on the perceptions of plant scientists concerning CRISPR gene editing. This study aimed to explore the investments, functions, barriers, benefits for specific crops and beneficiaries of CRISPR gene editing according to plant scientists, by distributing an online survey in which 1,040 plant scientists active across six continents and in both …

Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Performance Tests 2021, J. F. Carlin, R. B. Morgan, R. D. Bond

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Corn and grain sorghum performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture. The tests provide information to companies marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating recommendations for producers. The 2021 corn performance tests contained 70 hybrids and were conducted at the Northeast Research and Extension Center (NEREC) at Keiser, the Lon Mann Cotton Research Station (LMCRS) near Marianna, the Bell Farming Company (BFC) near Des Arc, the Rohwer Research Station (RRS) near Rohwer, and the Rice Research and Extension Center (RREC) near Stuttgart. The …

Arkansas Soybean Research Studies 2020, Jeremy Ross

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The 2020 Arkansas Soybean Research Studies includes research reports on topics pertaining to soybean across several disciplines from breeding to post-harvest processing. Research reports contained in this publication may represent preliminary or only data from a single year or limited results; therefore, these results should not be used as a basis for long-term recommendations. Several research reports in this publication will appear in other University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture’s Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station publications. This duplication is the result of the overlap in research coverage between disciplines and our effort to inform Arkansas soybean producers of the research …

Establishment Of The In Vitro Culture And Plant Regeneration Of Anubias Barteri Var. Nana 'Mini', Kuan-Hung Lin, Chih-Peng Kuo, Li-Ru Chen

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Anubias barteri is an ornamental aquatic plant of economic importance worldwide. Effective removal of contaminants has been a major problem for the in vitro propagation of A. barteri. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was applied as a pre-disinfectant to treat rhizome bud explants of A. barteri var. nana ‘Mini’ followed by disinfection with mercuric chloride (HgCl₂) to eliminate in vitro contamination. However, application of 0.1% HgCl₂ for 5 min without pre-disinfecting with H₂O₂ significantly reduced the contamination rate to 44.4% compared to other combinations. Moreover, in vitro shoots of A. barteri …

Estimation Of Genetic Diversity Among Canola Accessions Using Simple Sequence Repeat Markers, Jaleel Ahmad, Muhammad Baber, Wajid Nazeer, Sana Hamdullah, Aleena Ahmad Somroo, Shaiza Ali, Rameen Fatima, Seema Aslam

Journal of Bioresource Management

Genetic studies through molecular markers proved important to find out the genetic diversity of canola. In this study, 50 lines of canola were used to find the polymorphism using 15 SSR primers and investigated the genetic diversity, PIC values, frequency-based genetic distance, and allelic frequencies. Mean gene diversity, frequency-based genetic distance, and PIC values were 0.8777, 0.233 and 0.8666, respectively for the canola lines. A good range of genetic diversity was found among studied canola lines with value 85.91% polymorphism. Maximum and minimum genetic distances among 50 lines were 1 and 0.26, respectively. Accessions ACC-26068, ACC-24241, ACC-24244, ACC-24233, ACC-24423 and …

Hyperspectral Reflectance-Based Phenotyping For Quantitative Genetics In Crops: Progress And Challenges, Marcin Grzybowski, Kuwan K. Wijewardane, Abbas Atefi, Yufeng Ge, James C. Schnable

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Many biochemical and physiological properties of plants that are of interest to breeders and geneticists have extremely low throughput and/or can only be measured destructively. This has limited the use of information on natural variation in nutrient and metabolite abundance, as well as photosynthetic capacity in quantitative genetic contexts where it is necessary to collect data from hundreds or thousands of plants. A number of recent studies have demonstrated the potential to estimate many of these traits from hyperspectral reflectance data, primarily in ecophysiological contexts. Here, we summarize recent advances in the use of hyperspectral reflectance data for plant phenotyping, …

2022 Western Australian Crop Sowing Guide, B. Shackley, B. Paynter, J. Bucat, M. Seymour, S. Power

Bulletins 4000 -

Welcome to the 2022 edition of the Crop Sowing Guide for WA, which introduces 27 new variety releases: three wheat, nine barley (three recently accredited for malt and six currently under malt evaluation), twelve canola, two field pea and a lentil.

The Crop Sowing Guide for WA has been compiled by officers in the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development. It provides information to support variety decisions for each of the major crops for the upcoming season.

In this edition, lupin agzones have been reduced from 8 agzones to 6 so that all varieties for each of the major …

Mutations In Several Auxin Biosynthesis Genes And Their Effects On Plant Phenotypes In Arabidopsis, Gabriela Hernandez, Lauren Huebner, Bethany Karlin Zolman

Undergraduate Research Symposium

Auxins are important hormones in plants that regulate growth and development. Disruptions in the auxin biosynthesis pathway result in morphological changes in phenotypes in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, including differences in root and leaf formation. Mutations in the Tryptophan Aminotransferase of Arabidopsis (TAA1) and YUCCA (YUC4) genes interfere with the plant's ability to synthesize Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the primary auxin involved in plant development. IBR1 and IBR3 act in the multistep conversion of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to IAA. ILL2, IAR3, and ILR1 hydrolyze IAA-amino acid conjugates into free IAA. The goal of …

Efficacy Study Of Selected Maize (Zea Mays L.) Genotypes Against The Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia Furnacalis (Guenée), Yoryncita Marfori, Merdelyn Caasi-Lit, Tonette Laude

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Laboratory and screen house studies were conducted to assess the efficacy of selected twenty-six maize varieties against Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée). Hierarchical tree based on resistance parameters clearly revealed that the twenty-six maize varieties are best classified into three groups, viz. resistant, intermediate, and susceptible. In laboratory test, the varieties RCS2, RCS4, RCS5, 'IPB Var13', Bt2, Bt3, and Bt4 were consistently identified as highly resistant. Further examinations in stalk feeding assay showed that the resistant varieties had sharp decline in larval survival (LS) on the 2^nd to the 5^th day of larval feeding in …

Spectral Lights Based Treatment Enhanced Biomass Accumulation And Secondary Metabolites Production In Callus Culture Of Citrus Reticulata, Faiza Anum, Naveed Iqbal Raja, Tahira Sultana, Abeer Kazmi, Amir Ali, Bushra Qayyum, Anza Afzal, Aneela Nijibat, Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani, Abeer Kazmi

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Citrus reticulata is a common fruit, belongs to the family Rutaceae. It contains terpenes, phenolics, flavonoids, and vitamin C in conjugation with sugars, amino acids, minerals, organic acids and other biologically important compounds. Application of light elicitation strategies in in vitro plant cultures is acquiring more interest for their potential in feasible biomass accumulation and therapeutically important secondary metabolites production. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of different monochromatic lights (white, red, blue, green, and yellow) on the proliferation and secondary metabolites accumulation in callus cultures of Citrus reticulata raised in response to treatment with AgNPs and …

Genetic Diversity And Population Structure Of Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Collected From Seven Philippine Regions For Use As Breeding Stocks For Crop Improvement, Jan Leandro Acedera, Jhun Laurence Rasco, Jemimah Banganan, Antonio Lalusin

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

Selection of parents for hybridization relies on the information on their genetic relationship and diversity which are essential in any breeding program. This study aimed to estimate the extent of genetic diversity and population structure of 76 sugarcane accessions from seven regions in the Philippines using 57 morphological characters and 50 microsatellite markers. The sugarcane collections exhibited moderate to high diversity with mean of H’ = 0.72 for qualitative and H’ = 0.75 for quantitative morphological characters, respectively. This is corroborated by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) of agronomic parameters, except for stalk length. Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic …

Three Lc-Ms Plant Metabolomics Studies Of Hop (Humulus) Species: Wild H. Neomexicanus, Drought Stress, And Agricultural Terroir, Taylan Morcol

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The hop plant (Humulus L., Cannabaceae) is a dioecious, perennial, twining vine with a long history of human use. Nowadays, hop plants are generally grown for their inflorescences (“cones”), which are used in brewing for their phytochemical metabolites. Many of these metabolites are involved in plant stress response and communication. Genetics and environment are two major factors that affect plant metabolism. In three separate metabolomics studies, this project examined the effects of both genetic and environmental factors on hop phytochemistry.

In the first study, 23 hop genotypes were grown in two different locations in the Pacific Northwest region of …

Primary Industries Development Research Highlights 2021, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Tim Scanlon

Books & book chapters

The Primary Industries Development Research Highlights 2021 showcases the breadth and depth of the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development’s research and development activities over the past several years.

Stories featured in Research Highlights 2021 stem from about 60 (of 140) current and recently-completed projects undertaken by the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development’s (DPIRD) 1100 scientists, technical experts and economists throughout the State.

Explore our Research Highlights 2021.

The publication demonstrates the innovative and applicable research that DPIRD and its collaborators and investment partners deliver to Western Australia.

Download the Research Highlights 2021 here. Alternatively, …

Oil Bodies Sizes Variation Analyses Of Rapeseed In Two Locations As A Novel Trait For Genetic Engineering, Rita Andini, Muhammad Ikhsan Sulaiman, Murna Muzaifa, Yulia Dewi Fazlina, Christian Moellers

Jurnal Kultivasi

Tanaman raps (Brassica napus L.) adalah tanaman penghasil minyak utama di negara dengan iklim dingin seperti di Jerman. Minyak raps (Brassica napus L.) digunakan untuk bahan pangan, biodiesel, dan sebagai pakan ternak. Kandungan minyaknya bisa mencapai 33 – 48%. Tanaman minyak seperti kedelai (Glycine max), raps (Brassica napus L.), bunga matahari (Helianthus annuus) pada umumnya menyimpan kandungan minyaknya dalam suatu organela penyimpanan dikenal dengan ‘oil body’ yang mempunyai diameter antara 0,6 hingga 2,0 µm, tergantung dari spesies tanaman. Peningkatan kandungan minyak merupakan salah satu target pemuliaan di banyak tanaman minyak, termasuk di raps. Tulisan ini menceritakan tentang isolasi ‘oil body’ …

Evaluasi Kegenjahan Dan Daya Hasil Jagung Manis Hibrida Indonesia Menggunakan Analisis Gge Biplot Pada Lingkungan Yang Berbeda, Dedi Ruswandi, Jajang Supriatna, Edi Suryadi, Nyimas Poppi Indriani, Noladhi Wicaksana, Muhammad Syafii

Jurnal Kultivasi

Uji multilokasi merupakan fase yang penting dalam menyeleksi hibrida jagung yang stabil pada lingkungan yang luas dan menyeleksi hibrida superior untuk lokasi spesifik. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kegenjahan dan daya hasil hibrida Padjadjaran, serta menentukan interaksi genotip dengan lingkungan (G x E), stabilitas, dan adaptabilitas karakter kegenjahan hibrida Padjadjaran di tiga lokasi selama dua musim yang berbeda di Jawa Barat. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan delapan belas perlakuan yang terdiri dari enam belas hibrida Padjadjaran dan dua kultivar cek. Percobaan dilaksanakan selama dua tahun berturut- turut yaitu tahun ke-1 (Maret sampai Juli, 2014) dan …

Stabilitas Hasil Dan Adaptabilitas Galur-Galur Harapan Kacang Bogor Di Tiga Lokasi, Darmawan Saptadi, Descha Giatri Cahyaningrum, Noer Rahmi Ardiarini, Budi Waluyo

Jurnal Kultivasi

Kacang Bogor (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) potensial dikembangkan sebagai komoditi pangan rendah lemak. Pengembangan dan peningkatan hasil komoditas ini dapat dilakukan melalui penyediaan varietas unggul. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hasil enam galur harapan kacang Bogor, yaitu GSG 2.1.1, GSG 2.5, GSG 1.5, CCC 1.4.1, PWBG 5.3.1, dan BBL 6.1.1. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga lokasi yang memiliki karakteristik ketinggian tempat, kondisi lahan, dan musim tanam berbeda. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis varians gabungan. Analisis regresi digunakan untuk menentukan stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hasil berdasarkan Eberhart-Russell dan Finlay-Wilkinson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan …