Genome-Wide Association Mapping And Genomic Prediction For Enhancing Fhb Resistance In Hard Winter Wheat,
2022
South Dakota State University
Genome-Wide Association Mapping And Genomic Prediction For Enhancing Fhb Resistance In Hard Winter Wheat, Jinfeng Zhang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Wheat is one of the most important staple crops providing 20% of energy for 35% of the world population. Fusarium head blight (FHB), primarily caused by the fugal Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, is a damaging disease in wheat that affects global wheat production every year and causes food safety issues. The disease not only reduces the grain yield and quality but also produces mycotoxin in the diseased kernels making them unsuitable for human consumption or as livestock feeds. Breeding FHB resistant cultivar is the most effective and economical approach to managing the disease. This study combines genome-wide association study (GWAS) and …
Development Of Genomic Resources In Vitis Riparia For Discoveries On Pre- And Post-Transcriptional Molecular Regulators Of Early Induction Into Endodormancy,
2022
South Dakota State University
Development Of Genomic Resources In Vitis Riparia For Discoveries On Pre- And Post-Transcriptional Molecular Regulators Of Early Induction Into Endodormancy, Michael Robben
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Grapevine is one of the most important fruit crops in the world, responsible for billions in global sales annually. The largest threat to grapevine and other crop production is global climate change resulting human activities. This brings unpredictable and drastic changes in ambient air temperatures to many climates in which grapes are grown. Lower temperatures and inclement weather are already responsible for millions in lost revenue due to tissue damage of established plants. Thus, protecting grapevine crops from weather-related damage is the biggest concern to growers aside from pathogen- and diseaserelated crop damage. The primary mechanism for winter survival in …
Determinants Of Population Genetic Structure In Chamaecrista Fasciculata (Michx.) Greene (Fabaceae) In The Southeastern United States,
2022
Old Dominion University
Determinants Of Population Genetic Structure In Chamaecrista Fasciculata (Michx.) Greene (Fabaceae) In The Southeastern United States, Mahboubeh Hosseinalizadeh Nobarinezhad, Lisa E. Wallace
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Chamaecrista fasciculata is a widely distributed, phenotypically variable species in the eastern U.S. Whereas studies have demonstrated genetic structure and local adaptation in northern areas of its distribution, there has been no comparison of genetic variability among populations at the southern extent where phenotypic variation is more complex. We characterized genetic variation at 14 microsatellite loci for populations in Mississippi and Alabama and compared this to variation in a phenotypic trait, leaf pubescence. Geographic distance, climatic variables, and elevation were evaluated as factors to explain the observed patterns of genetic diversity. A significant amount of variation (19%) resided among populations, …
The Challenges Of Growing Orchids From Seeds For Conservation: An Assessment Of Asymbiotic Techniques,
2022
Old Dominion University
The Challenges Of Growing Orchids From Seeds For Conservation: An Assessment Of Asymbiotic Techniques, Devani Jolman, Martín I. Batalla, Alexis Hungerford, Pryce Norwood, Noah Tait, Lisa E. Wallace
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Lewis Knudson first successfully germinated orchid seeds asymbiotically on artificial medium in 1922. While many orchid species have since been grown asymbiotically, the tremendous variation in how species respond to artificial medium and growth conditions ex situ has also become apparent in the past century. In this study, we reviewed published journal articles on asymbiotic orchid seed germination to provide a summary of techniques used and to evaluate if these differ between terrestrial and epiphytic species, to identify areas where additional research is needed, and to evaluate whether asymbiotic germination could be used more often in ex situ conservation. We …
An Evaluation Of Eragrostis Tef For Future Cultivar Development,
2022
University of Kentucky
An Evaluation Of Eragrostis Tef For Future Cultivar Development, Eric Wayne Luteyn
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
The many benefits of utilizing teff (Eragrostis tef) as small grain is well documented in journal publications. Over time the domestication of this species has become essential to the diets of the local population and the livestock living in the African highlands. Current research points to a high diversity of trait characteristics found in many teff populations and the potential utilization of these traits to increase desirable characteristics in both grain and forage varieties. With the overarching goal of adding to what is already known about teff, this study evaluates the different traits that are of interest to …
Characterizing Drought Adaptations, Phenotypic Plasticity, And Fixed Gene Expression Patterns Within Quercus,
2022
Michigan Technological University
Characterizing Drought Adaptations, Phenotypic Plasticity, And Fixed Gene Expression Patterns Within Quercus, James K. Rauschendorfer
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
This dissertation was written on topics related to the genus Quercus with a primary focus on Quercus ellipsoidalis (northern pin oak) and Quercus rubra (northern red oak). Within this dissertation are chapters related to the setup of experimental common gardens within the Ford and Kellogg experimental forest, a literature review describing drought adaptations of Quercus sect. Lobatae (red oak group), identification of transcription factors within the Q. robur (English oak) and Q. rubra genomes, a study comparing leaf trait phenotypic plasticity of Q. ellipsoidalis and Q. rubra, and an RNA-seq experiment studying ecological speciation between Q. ellipsoidalis and Q. …
Getting To The Root Cause: The Genetic Underpinnings Of Root System Architecture And Rhizodeposition In Sorghum,
2022
West Virginia University
Getting To The Root Cause: The Genetic Underpinnings Of Root System Architecture And Rhizodeposition In Sorghum, Farren Smith
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Plants are some of the most diverse organisms on earth, consisting of more than 350,000 different species. To understand the underlying processes that contributed to plant diversification, it is fundamental to identify the genetic and genomic components that facilitated various adaptations over evolutionary history. Most studies to date have focused on the underlying controls of above-ground traits such as grain and vegetation; however, little is known about the “hidden half” of plants. Root systems comprise half of the total plant structure and provide vital functions such as anchorage, resource acquisition, and storage of energy reserves. The execution of these key …
Genomic Analysis Of Pollen Grains For Forensic Applications,
2022
University of Central Florida
Genomic Analysis Of Pollen Grains For Forensic Applications, Luz Kelley
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
With over 300,000 plant species on the planet and more than 90% of them relying on pollen for reproduction, palynology, the study of pollen grains plays a vital role in many research fields. One of them is forensic palynology, which uses pollen as a proxy to link individuals or objects to a location or instance. It relies on the fact that (1) pollen is an ever-present feature of the environment; (2) different locations have different pollen signatures, allowing for inference related to spatial tracking; (3) plants bloom at different times, allowing for temporal inference; and (4) pollen is exceptionally durable …
Keeping What You Sow: Intellectual Property Rights For Plant Breeders And Seed Growers,
2022
University of Montana
Keeping What You Sow: Intellectual Property Rights For Plant Breeders And Seed Growers, Paulina B. Jenney
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Over the last 150 years, the food system in the present-day United States has undergone a transformational restructuring, from a diversified, decentralized, network of farmers and seed growers, to one in which the majority of crop production is controlled by a few industrial corporations. The consolidation of power has been under-girded by the application of intellectual property rights (IPR)—especially utility patents—to plant varieties and genetic traits, which are leveraged to exclude small-scale seed growers from accessing quality germplasm. Patents and restrictive licensing agreements recapitulate colonial structures by appropriating common and traditionally community-held resources for profit, and by creating reliance on …
Phenotypic Evaluation And Genetic Analysis Of Seedling Emergence In A Global Collection Of Wheat Genotypes (Triticum Aestivum L.) Under Limited Water Availability,
2021
Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia
Phenotypic Evaluation And Genetic Analysis Of Seedling Emergence In A Global Collection Of Wheat Genotypes (Triticum Aestivum L.) Under Limited Water Availability, Michael G. Francki, Grantley Stainer, Esther Walker, Gregory J. Rebetzke, Katia T. Stefanova, Robert J. French
Grain and Other Field Crops Research Articles
The challenge in establishing an early-sown wheat crop in southern Australia is the need for consistently high seedling emergence when sowing deep in subsoil moisture ( > 10 cm) or into dry top-soil (4 cm). However, the latter is strongly reliant on a minimum soil water availability to ensure successful seedling emergence. This study aimed to: (1) evaluate 233 Australian and selected international wheat genotypes for consistently high seedling emergence under limited soil water availability when sown in 4 cm of top-soil in field and glasshouse (GH) studies; (2) ascertain genetic loci associated with phenotypic variation using a genome-wide association study …
Multi-Dimensional Leaf Phenotypes Reflect Root System Genotype In Grafted Grapevine Over The Growing Season,
2021
Saint Louis University
Multi-Dimensional Leaf Phenotypes Reflect Root System Genotype In Grafted Grapevine Over The Growing Season, Zachery N. Harris, Mani Awale, Niyati Bhaakta, Daniel H. Chitwood, Anne Fennell, Emma Frawley, Laura L. Klein, Laszlo G. Kovacs, Misha Kwasniewski, Jason P. Londo, Qin Ma, The Ohio State University Miogicovsky, Joel F. Swift, Allison J. Miller
Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications
Modern biological approaches generate volumes of multi-dimensional data, offering unprecedented opportunities to address biological questions previously beyond reach owing to small or subtle effects. A fundamental question in plant biology is the extent to which below-ground activity in the root system influences above-ground phenotypes expressed in the shoot system. Grafting, an ancient horticultural practice that fuses the root system of one individual (the rootstock) with the shoot system of a second, genetically distinct individual (the scion), is a powerful experimental system to understand below-ground effects on above-ground phenotypes. Previous studies on grafted grapevines have detected rootstock influence on scion phenotypes …
First Detection Of Naturally Introgressed Bt Cry1ab In Asian Corn Borer [Ostrinia Furnacalis (Guenée)] - Resistant Traditional Maize (Silangan) In The Philippines,
2021
Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College 4031 Laguna, Philippines
First Detection Of Naturally Introgressed Bt Cry1ab In Asian Corn Borer [Ostrinia Furnacalis (Guenée)] - Resistant Traditional Maize (Silangan) In The Philippines, Merdelyn T. Caasi-Lit, Eureka Teresa C. Ocampo, Artemio Salazar, Jefferson Paril, Bryan Novio, Bernard Panabang, Angelyn Marta Marmeto
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
Resistance against insect pests is one of the most promising and highly favored characteristics of an economically important crop. In the Philippines, the Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), is the most destructive insect pest of maize. The discovery of Bacillus thuringiensis and the Bt toxin, which led to the development of Bt corn, effectively controlled this pest. In this study, four traditional varieties of maize that showed resistance against ACB were tested for the presence of Bt Cry1Ab protein. Out of these four, a traditional variety from San Carlos City, Pangasinan, which was initially thought to have natural …
Epinasty Accompanies Potassium Nitrate-Induced Flower Bud Break In 'Carabao' Mango [Research Note],
2021
Assistant Professor, College of Agriculture and Related Sciences, University of Southeastern Philippines, Tagum City, Philippines
Epinasty Accompanies Potassium Nitrate-Induced Flower Bud Break In 'Carabao' Mango [Research Note], Ulysses Besas, Calixto Protacio
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
The hypothesis that potassium nitrate application promotes epinasty in ‘Carabao’ mango through increased ethylene production was investigated. The degree of drooping, apical primordium growth as affected by shoot ethylene and levels after potassium nitrate spraying were monitored. Evidence presented established for the first time in ‘Carabao’ mango that epinasty occurred just before flower emergence, coinciding with visible bud break, and extended up to 18 days, marking floral anthesis. The possible reasons could be the higher levels of ethylene at 0.31% and earlier increase of ethylene in the shoot apex at four hours and apical primordium growth. Increased ethylene levels at …
Establishment Of The In Vitro Culture And Plant Regeneration Of Anubias Barteri Var. Nana 'Mini',
2021
Department of Horticulture and Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan
Establishment Of The In Vitro Culture And Plant Regeneration Of Anubias Barteri Var. Nana 'Mini', Kuan-Hung Lin, Chih-Peng Kuo, Li-Ru Chen
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
Anubias barteri is an ornamental aquatic plant of economic importance worldwide. Effective removal of contaminants has been a major problem for the in vitro propagation of A. barteri. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was applied as a pre-disinfectant to treat rhizome bud explants of A. barteri var. nana ‘Mini’ followed by disinfection with mercuric chloride (HgCl2) to eliminate in vitro contamination. However, application of 0.1% HgCl2 for 5 min without pre-disinfecting with H2O2 significantly reduced the contamination rate to 44.4% compared to other combinations. Moreover, in vitro shoots of A. barteri …
Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Performance Tests 2021,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Performance Tests 2021, J. F. Carlin, R. B. Morgan, R. D. Bond
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
Corn and grain sorghum performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture. The tests provide information to companies marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating recommendations for producers. The 2021 corn performance tests contained 70 hybrids and were conducted at the Northeast Research and Extension Center (NEREC) at Keiser, the Lon Mann Cotton Research Station (LMCRS) near Marianna, the Bell Farming Company (BFC) near Des Arc, the Rohwer Research Station (RRS) near Rohwer, and the Rice Research and Extension Center (RREC) near Stuttgart. The …
Fine Mapping Of Chilling Requirement And Bloom Date To Enable Marker-Assisted Breeding Of Climate Resilient Peach,
2021
Clemson University
Fine Mapping Of Chilling Requirement And Bloom Date To Enable Marker-Assisted Breeding Of Climate Resilient Peach, Gizem Demirel
All Theses
Peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) fruit is a delicious summer treat appreciated for its sweet, juicy, and aromatic taste all over the globe. With only 44 calories and zero fat per fruit, peach has a great popularity among consumers and producers for its nutritional and economic value. Peach production is threatened by unpredictable climate changes, rising temperatures that reduce winter chill, especially in the warmer growing areas, resulting in fruit and yield loss. Therefore, it is necessary to develop cultivars that are resilient to environmental changes. Peach breeding takes a long time, and this process can benefit from the …
Genetic Control Of Sweetness, Acidity, And Seediness In Blackberry,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Genetic Control Of Sweetness, Acidity, And Seediness In Blackberry, Carly Elizabeth Godwin
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The global blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) industry has experienced rapid growth during the past 15 years. Even so, many industry stakeholders report complaints from consumers and grocers stating blackberries are often too tart, too seedy, or not sweet enough for their liking. The development of molecular markers for high sweetness, low acidity, and reduced seediness would allow breeding programs to expeditiously make selection and crossing decisions in the early stages of the breeding pipeline. The objective of this study was to use a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) to identify marker-trait associations, locate quantitative trait loci (QTL), and find …
Crispr Gene Editing Drivers, Barriers And Prospects: A Comparative Study Among Plant Scientists Globally,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Crispr Gene Editing Drivers, Barriers And Prospects: A Comparative Study Among Plant Scientists Globally, Adriaan Johannes De Lange
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The introduction of CRISPR gene editing into food crops has potential to contribute to food security and sustainable food production globally. To date, most scientific studies have focused on consumer perception of CRISPR gene edited foods or the potential benefits and risks of the CRISPR technology and none have focused on the perceptions of plant scientists concerning CRISPR gene editing. This study aimed to explore the investments, functions, barriers, benefits for specific crops and beneficiaries of CRISPR gene editing according to plant scientists, by distributing an online survey in which 1,040 plant scientists active across six continents and in both …
Arkansas Soybean Research Studies 2020,
2021
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Arkansas Soybean Research Studies 2020, Jeremy Ross
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
The 2020 Arkansas Soybean Research Studies includes research reports on topics pertaining to soybean across several disciplines from breeding to post-harvest processing. Research reports contained in this publication may represent preliminary or only data from a single year or limited results; therefore, these results should not be used as a basis for long-term recommendations. Several research reports in this publication will appear in other University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture’s Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station publications. This duplication is the result of the overlap in research coverage between disciplines and our effort to inform Arkansas soybean producers of the research …
Estimation Of Genetic Diversity Among Canola Accessions Using Simple Sequence Repeat Markers,
2021
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan
Estimation Of Genetic Diversity Among Canola Accessions Using Simple Sequence Repeat Markers, Jaleel Ahmad, Muhammad Baber, Wajid Nazeer, Sana Hamdullah, Aleena Ahmad Somroo, Shaiza Ali, Rameen Fatima, Seema Aslam
Journal of Bioresource Management
Genetic studies through molecular markers proved important to find out the genetic diversity of canola. In this study, 50 lines of canola were used to find the polymorphism using 15 SSR primers and investigated the genetic diversity, PIC values, frequency-based genetic distance, and allelic frequencies. Mean gene diversity, frequency-based genetic distance, and PIC values were 0.8777, 0.233 and 0.8666, respectively for the canola lines. A good range of genetic diversity was found among studied canola lines with value 85.91% polymorphism. Maximum and minimum genetic distances among 50 lines were 1 and 0.26, respectively. Accessions ACC-26068, ACC-24241, ACC-24244, ACC-24233, ACC-24423 and …
