Botany Commons^™

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Midget Quillwort (Isoetes Minima), Lindsey K. Wise

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for midget quillwort (Isoetes minima) using NatureServe methodology, 2024.

Revisiting Fr13a For Submergence Tolerance: Beyond The Sub1a Gene, Waseem Hussain, Mahender Anumalla, Abdelbagi M. Ismail, Harkamal Walia, Vistas Kumar Singh, Ajay Kohli, Sankalp Bhosale, Hans Bhardwaj

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Rice landrace FR13A is the original donor of the SUB1A gene. FR13A harbors hidden genetic variation that surpasses the submergence tolerance level of SUB1A. Here, we provide an overview of the unique features of FR13A associated with exceptional recovery ability that have been overlooked since the significant discovery of the SUB1 locus. We present a detailed overview of how to underpin the new genes associated with the recovery ability seen in FR13A. Finally, we propose a unique approach to develop rice cultivars that surpass submergence tolerance beyond the SUB1 locus from FR13A.

Novelties In Funalia And The Status Of Fomitella (Polyporaceae, Basidiomycota), Virton Rodrigo Targino De Oliveira, Paulo Roberto De Assis Alves, Nelson Correia De Lima-Júnior, Carla Santos, Nelson Lima, Leif Ryvarden, Josef Vlasák, Tatiana Baptista Gibertoni

Turkish Journal of Botany

During studies on the taxonomical delimitation of some species of Funalia, some inconsistencies were observed in the genus. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, Fomitella supina was positioned within the Funalia clade, thus the synonymization of the genus and the new combination of F. supina are proposed. Funalia glabrorigens is also combinated in the genus, while Coriolopsis hainanensis is suggested as a synonym of F. floccosa and F. rigida is assumed as a distinct species from F. floccosa. A table with morphological comparison of the 10 Funalia species confirmed by molecular analyses is also presented.

Corrigendum To “Two New Species Of Inocybe (Inocybaceae: Agaricomycetes) From Türkiye Based On Morphological Characteristics And Phylogenetic Evidence [Turkish Journal Of Botany 48 (3) 2024 145-154 ], Oğuzhan Kaygusuz, Ditte Bandini, Henning Knudsen, Meike Piepenbring

Turkish Journal of Botany

This corrigendum is to address an issue regarding the manuscript's previous publication, specifically Fig. 5.Regrettably, the authors have noticed that the Figure 5 is missing among the figures although there is an incite reference within the text. To rectify this oversight and ensure the accuracy of the published work, the Figure 5 is included for your reference.

Link to the original article: https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/botany/vol48/iss3/3/

Mattiastrum Pulumurense (Cynoglossinae, Boraginaceae), A New Endemic Species From Türkiye, Asli Doğru Koca, Mustafa Gökmen, Gülderen Yilmaz, Mehmet Yavuz Paksoy

Turkish Journal of Botany

A new species, Mattiastrum pulumurense, has been described from Tunceli in eastern Turkey. It is generally distinguished from other species (except M. racemosum var. scabridum) by a sparsely hairy or glabrescent above-ground part. It is most similar morphologically to M. longipes, M. calycinum and Paracaryum hedgei (P. hedgei is potential a member of the genus Mattiastrum). However, it differs from M. longipes and M. calycinum by its 3-3.5 mm long and linear lanceolate scales, 2.5-4.5 mm long anthers, and 10-15 mm long styles; it differs from Paracaryum hedgei by its 3-3.5 mm long scales, 2.5-4.5 mm long anthers. In addition, …

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Cusick's Camassia (Camassia Cusickii), Nora Dunkirk

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Cusick's camassia (Camassia cusickii) using NatureServe methodology, 2024.

The Role Of Exogenous Gibberellic Acid (Ga3) Application In Breaking Seed Dormancy In Clematis Hirsutissima​, Ashley Grace Ogle

2024 Symposium

Seed germination in plants is controlled by several mechanisms, including the presence of phytohormones like gibberellins, as well as environmental conditions, such as temperature, light, and moisture. Germination of dormant seeds can be promoted by the exogenous application of Gibberellic Acid (GA3). GA3 acts as a natural endogenous regulator of dormancy. Clematis hirsutissima, commonly known as Sugarbowls, in the plant family Ranunculaceae, is an important perennial species that contributes to biodiversity in western prairie ecosystems by providing habitat for pollinators and wildlife; and it is also a species that shows characteristic embryo dormancy. This native to Washington, has been used …

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Mountain Townsendia (Townsendia Montana), Lindsey K. Wise

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for mountain townsendia (Townsendia montana) using NatureServe methodology, 2024.

Oregon State Rank Assessment For Chambers' Paintbrush (Castilleja Chambersii), Lindsey K. Wise

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

Oregon state conservation status assessment for Chambers' paintbrush (Castilleja chambersii) using NatureServe methodology, 2024.

Scientific Note: An Incursion Of The Widely-Cultivated Katsura (Cercidiphyllum Japonicum, Cercidiphyllaceae) In Pennsylvania, Kayleigh R. Long, Melody P. Sain, Elizabeth H. Williams, Christopher T. Martine

Faculty Journal Articles

Cercidiphyllum japonicum (katsura) is a dioecious tree native to China and Japan. Although imperiled in parts of its natural distribution, the species has become quite common as a cultivated tree in temperate North America. The species is noted as occasionally escaping cultivation in the eastern United States, but few records of established incursions (and the conditions under which they might recruit) exist in the literature. We here report an incursion of C. japonicum in central Pennsylvania, along with notes on seedling recruitment on the Bucknell University campus.

Turtleheads, Iridoids, And Checkerspots, W. John Hayden

Biology Faculty Publications

This article follows the story of how a plant, a molecule, and an herbivore interact with each other. The plant, of course, is White Turtlehead (Chelone glabra), the 2024 VNPS Wild􀏐lower of the Year; the molecule is something called an iridoid glycoside; and the herbivore is the Baltimore Checkerspot Butterfly (Euphydras phaeton).

New Insights On Hybridization In Potamogeton Floridanus (The Florida Pondweed), Kaitlyn R. Sampson

Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2019 - present)

Freshwater ecosystems are some of the most important and highest threatened habitats in the world, and aquatic plants play an important, but often-overlooked, role in maintaining them. Potamogeton is a diverse and ecologically important aquatic plant genus well known for taxonomic difficulty and rampant hybridization. lbis study aimed to 1) test the hypothesis that Potamogeton jloridanus (Florida pondweed) is a hybrid between P. oakesianus and P. pulcher, and 2) to investigate correlations in ecological conditions for the focal species. This study revealed the discovery of a new population of P. jloridanus in Big Coldwater Creek in Santa Rosa Co., FL, …

Long-Term Patterns And Mechanisms Of Plant Invasions In Forests: The Role Of Forest Age And Land-Use History, Chad C. Jones, Matthew H. Yamamoto

Botany Faculty Publications

It has become increasingly apparent that even mature forests are susceptible to plant invasions. However, invasive plants are often more abundant in younger forest stands. It is difficult to disentangle possible mechanisms that would explain this pattern due to the scarcity of long-term studies in successional forests. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain patterns of invasions as forests age, including biotic resistance, window of opportunity, historical legacies, and invasion debt. We explored patterns and potential mechanisms of plant invasions over 70 years in a regenerating forest with different land-use histories in the Bolleswood Natural Area, Connecticut, USA. We examined …

Climate And Shared Evolutionary History Drive Trait Variation Among Species Of Neotropical Understory Monocots, Eleinis Ávila-Lovera, Oscar M. Vargas, Jennifer L. Funk, Kathleen M. Kay, Gregory R. Goldsmith

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Environmental variation commonly drives functional trait diversity within species, among species, and across communities. Climate and shared evolutionary history can both influence trait–environment relationships. We studied variation in plant functional traits among closely related Costus species occurring across environmental gradients, the extent to which this variation occurs within single species, and how that variation may be influenced by shared evolutionary history. We measured leaf, aboveground stem, rhizome, and fine root traits of 17 species of Costus in eight sites in Costa Rica and Panama, which varied in elevation, temperature, and precipitation. We then assessed the relationships among traits and environmental …

Tissue‑ And Time‑Dependent Metabolite Profiles During Early Grain Development Under Normal And High Night‑Time Temperature Conditions, Nathan Abshire, Andrew L. Hauck, Harkamal Walia, Toshihiro Obata

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Background Wheat grain development in the first few days after pollination determines the number of endosperm cells that influence grain yield potential and is susceptible to various environmental conditions, including high night temperatures (HNTs). Flag leaves and seed-associated bracts (glumes, awn, palea, and lemma) provide nutrients to the developing seed. However, the specific metabolic roles of these tissues are uncertain, especially their dynamics at different developmental stages and the time in a day. Tissue- and time-dependent metabolite profiling may hint at the metabolic roles of tissues and the mechanisms of how HNTs affect daytime metabolic status in early grain development. …

How Different Modes Of Photosynthesis Impact Stormwater Runoff And Weed Growth On Ecoroof Trays During Early Establishment?, Michelle Hesek

University Honors Theses

Ecoroofs remove of stormwater runoff from the combined sewer system in Portland, Oregon. Reducing runoff is essential in cities considering how impervious surfaces promote flooding. A limited number of studies focus on comparing stormwater retention of ecoroof plants during their establishment period within Portland's climate. Different photosynthetic pathways in plants may impact stormwater runoff based on their water use efficiency. This study undertook a one-year study to determine the effect of plant establishment on water retention for a C4 and CAM species in six ecoroof trays. Weeds were investigated as a factor in water retention, and whether plant type within …

On The Importance Of Sequence Alignment Inspections In Plastid Phylogenomics – An Example From Revisiting The Relationships Of The Water-Lilies, Jessica A. Roestel, John H. Wiersema, Robert K. Jansen, Thomas Borsch, Michael Gruenstaeudl

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The water-lily clade represents the second earliest-diverging branch of angiosperms. Most of its species belong to Nymphaeaceae, of which the “core Nymphaeaceae”—comprising the genera Euryale, Nymphaea and Victoria—is the most diverse clade. Despite previous molecular phylogenetic studies on the core Nymphaeaceae, various aspects of their evolutionary relationships have remained unresolved. The length-variable introns and intergenic spacers are known to contain most of the sequence variability within the water-lily plastomes. Despite the challenges with multiple sequence alignment, any new molecular phylogenetic investigation on the core Nymphaeaceae should focus on these noncoding plastome regions. For example, a new plastid phylogenomic study on …

From Pixels To Plants: Remote Sensing Of California Invasive Plants, Kenneth Rangel

Master's Projects and Capstones

Invasive plants cause significant impacts to ecosystems, the economy, and human health. California has experienced significant plant invasions and is well suited to future invasion because of its Mediterranean climate and human disturbance. Eradication or control of invasive plant species requires a detailed understanding of their spatial distribution, which typically involves on the ground surveys that can be expensive or inconsistent. Remote sensing offers a potential alternative or supplement to in-person invasive plant mapping. This study performed a comparative analysis of 41 remote sensing studies that mapped the distribution of California invasive plants. I found that while high spectral resolution …

Comparing Long‑Term Patterns Of Spread Of Native And Invasive Plants In A Successional Forest, Matthew H. Yamamoto, Chad C. Jones

Botany Faculty Publications

A fundamental question in invasive plant ecology is whether invasive and native plants have different ecological roles. Differences in functional traits have been explored, but we lack a comparison of the factors affecting the spread of co-occurring natives and invasives. Some have proposed that to succeed, invasives would colonize a wider variety of sites, would disperse farther, or would be better at colonizing sites with more available light and soil nutrients than natives. We examined patterns of spread over 70 years in a regenerating forest in Connecticut, USA, where both native and invasive species acted as colonizers. We compared seven …

Adopting Yield-Improving Practices To Meet Maize Demand In Sub-Saharan Africa Without Cropland Expansion, Fernando Aramburu-Merlos, Fatima A. M. Tenorio, Nester Mashingaidze, Alex Sananka, Stephen Aston, Jonathan J. Ojeda, Patricio Grassini

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Maize demand in Sub-Saharan Africa is expected to increase 2.3 times during the next 30 years driven by demographic and dietary changes. Over the past two decades, the area croppedwithmaize has expanded by 17million hectares in the region, with limited yield increase. Following this trend could potentially result in further maize cropland expansion and the need for imports to satisfy domestic demand. Here, we use data collected from 14,773 smallholder fields in the region to identify agronomic practices that can improve farm yield gains. We find that agronomic practices related to cultivar selection, and nutrient, pest, and crop management can …