Botany Commons^™

Seedling, Erin C. Rowekamp, Eric B. Borth, Julia I. Chapman, Ryan W. Mcewan

Data Files

No abstract provided.

Aquatic Coarse Woody Debris, Erin C. Rowekamp, Julia I. Chapman, Ryan W. Mcewan

Data Files

No abstract provided.

Biofilm Ash Free Dry Mass And Chlorophyll A, Kevin W. Custer, Sean D. Mahoney, Mitchell J. Kukla, Corey Kuminecz, Joseph Murphy, Julia I. Chapman, Ryan W. Mcewan

Data Files

No abstract provided.

Resolving The Position Of Astragalus Borysthenicus Klokov Within The Astragalus L. Species, Nataliia Karpenko, Viktoriia Martyniuk, Oksana Tyshchenko, Andrii Tarieiev, Ayten Tekpinar, Vitaliia Didenko, Igor Kostikov

Turkish Journal of Botany

The present study is focused on several species from the genus Astragalus L. with the aim to clarify the taxonomic status of Ukrainian local endemic species Astragalus borysthenicus Klokov, which is sometimes considered a synonym to A. onobrychis L. In this study, the morphological features, current taxonomy, taxonomical history, and phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA Bayesian inference, as well as comparative analysis of ITS1 and ITS2 secondary structures, were investigated. It was found that A. borysthenicus is distant from A. onobrychis according to phylogenetic analysis. Moreover, A. borysthenicus has differences from the investigated taxa in its secondary structures of ITS1 …

Floral Resource Availability And Butterfly Community Characteristics In Cp-42 Pollinator Habitat Plantings, Ethan Marburger, Corinne Myers, Mark Myers

Undergraduate Student Work

Prairies once covered approximately 85% of Iowa, but due to extensive habitat loss less than 0.1% of native prairies remain (Smith 1998). Habitat loss in Iowa has been driven by agricultural expansion and intensification, and has resulted in the decline of many native insect pollinators. To curb habitat loss and restore habitat for pollinators, USDA’s Farm Service Agency (FSA) provides private landowners incentives to enroll agricultural land into the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Pollinator Habitat (CP-42) practice. The CP-42 conservation practice requires landowners to seed at least 9 species of pollinator friendly wildflowers, legumes, or shrubs on enrolled lands. CP-42 …

Correlation Between Wild Bee Populations And Vegetative Resources In The Conservation Reserve Program’S Pollinator Enhancement Plantings, Olivia Willoughby, Alyssa Burgert, Nathan Theel, Ai Wen

Undergraduate Student Work

Wild bee populations are in decline; and one of the main factors that caused this is habitat loss, which diminishes floral resources that bees utilize for nectar and pollen (Watanabe 2013)

The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) aims to combat habitat loss by implementing ecological restorations that provide resources for a variety of different wildlife

In 2011, the CRP established a Pollinator Habitat Initiative called CP-42, which encompasses forbs and grasses to create adequate habitat for pollinators

A primary goal of this program is to enhance pollinator abundance and diversity

Soil Characteristics Affecting Weed Invasion On Conservation Reserve Program Pollinator Habitats, Jennifer Pauley

Undergraduate Student Work

The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) is a land conservation program administered by the US Department of Agriculture Farm Service Agency (FSA) to improve water quality, prevent soil erosion, and create wildlife habitat.

• The CP-42 program provides cost share and an annual rental payment to farmers in order to establish native prairie species for pollinator habitat.

County NRCS technical staff make recommendations for seed mix to match the dominant soil moisture class in a parcel (e.g. dry, mesic, wet) with the appropriate plant species.

• There has been little to no research prior to the Biology SURP initiative to monitor …

Bioremoval Of Toxic Dye By Using Different Marine Macroalgae, Hanan Omar, Adel El-Gendy, Khairia Al-Ahmary

Turkish Journal of Botany

The removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution by Ulva lactuca, Sargassum crassifolium, and Gracilaria corticata has been demonstrated in order to examine their potential use as low-cost adsorbents. The optimum pH (8.0), temperature (25 °C), contact time (150 min), and biomass (2.0 g) for removal of dye by algae are reported. The maximum removal percentage of the dye ranged between 95.6% and 98.3% by using Sargassum crassifolium at the optimal conditions. Minimum removal of dye by algae (69%-77.1%) was observed with the high dye concentration of 35 mg L-1 at the optimal conditions. Adsorption of the dye by …

A New Species Of Hygrophorus, H. Yadigarii Sp. Nov. (Hygrophoraceae), With An Isolated Systematic Position Within The Genus From The Colchic Part Of Turkey, Ertuğrul Sesli̇, Vladimir Antonin, Marco Contu

Turkish Journal of Botany

Hygrophorus yadigarii (Hygrophoraceae/Basidiomycota) is described as a new species for science based on basidiomata collected from Maçka, Trabzon, Turkey. The new taxon is quite different even from the closest relatives, easily distinguished by the other species because of its grayish to ash-colored, gregarious to subcaespitose, sticky basidioma; a slightly umbonate to depressed pileus; a cylindrical to clavate, grayish stipe; ellipsoid and smooth basidiospores; quite long basidia; clavate, cylindrical or narrowly utriform, apically pyriform or strangulated cheilocystidia; and gelatinous pileipellis. A description with field and micromorphological illustrations, a phylogenetic tree, a simple key, a comparison chart including similar species, and a …

Habitat Effects And Differences In The Reproductive Success Oforchis Punctulata And Orchis Purpurea (Orchidaceae), Spyros Tsiftsis, Vladan Djordjevic

Turkish Journal of Botany

The pollination success of two nonrewarding orchids in two coarse habitats was examined. The comparative results of Orchis punctulata and O. purpurea showed a significant differentiation. The fruit set of O. purpurea was significantly greater compared to O. punctulata, whereas both species also had significantly higher fruit set in the grassland compared to the forest. Although the pollination success of O. purpurea was not significantly correlated with plant height, inflorescence size, or nearest neighbor distance, these factors were found to be significantly correlated to the pollination success of O. punctulata. Among these factors, the nearest neighbor distance had the highest …

Pollen Morphology Of Scaligeria Dc. (Apiaceae) In Turkey, Ayşe Baldemi̇r, Şenol Alan, Aydan Acar Şahi̇n, Mehmet Yavuz Paksoy, Nur Münevver Pinar

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, the pollen morphology of all Scaligeria DC. species distributed in Turkey were studied with light and scanning electron microscopy for the first time. The aim is to contribute to knowledge of the variation among seven Scaligeria species, which have taxonomic problems, based on pollen morphological characteristics by population analysis. The pollen is radially symmetrical, isopolar, and tricolporate in all examined species. Pollen grains are prolate and subprolate with the polar axes ranging from 18.4 to 37 μm and the equatorial axes from 9.8 to 30 μm. Their polar shapes are triangular, triangular to subcircular, circular to subcircular, …

Phenetic Assessment Among Heliotropium L. S.L. Species, Azza El-Hadidy, Asmaa Olwey, Salah El-Naggar

Turkish Journal of Botany

Genus Heliotropium L. (Boraginaceae s.l . ) is one of the difficult taxonomic complexes. The validity of phenetic investigations is often questioned in contrast to the modern phylogenetic approaches. In this study, 120 different populations of 17 Heliotropium taxa were analyzed, using 169 macro- and micromorphological characters to assess the phenetic relationships between taxa. The macromorphology of all parts of the studied taxa (vegetative, floral, and fruit) was investigated, along with some micromorphological characters including indumentum and anatomy. The most significant characters were calyx asymmetry, corolla color and lobe shape, anther connation in young flowers, staminal connective tissue prolongation, shape …

Growth, Fitness, And Overwinter Survival Of A Shattercane (Sorghum Bicolor Ssp. Drummondii) × Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor Ssp. Bicolor) F2 Population, Jared J. Schmidt, Melinda K. Yerka, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, John L. Lindquist

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Although sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ssp. bicolor] is the fifth most important grain crop in terms of global production, no commercial hybrids carry genetically engineered (GE) traits for resistance to insect pests or herbicides due to regulatory concerns about gene flow to weedy relatives. However, non-GE herbicide resistance currently is being developed in grain sorghum and will likely transfer to related weeds. Monitoring the impact of this new nuclear technology on the evolution and invasiveness of related weeds requires a baseline understanding of the population biology of grain sorghum genes once they transfer to in situ weed …

Investigating The Ecology Of A Rare Species On St. John, Usvi: Reintroducing Solanum Conocarpum In Light Of Climate Change, Cecilia Rogers

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Approximately two thirds of St. John is National Park territory. However, the land has been threatened with tourism and development, greatly impacting island biodiversity. One species that may become extinct due to this degradation is Solanum conocarpum. S. conocarpum is a rare shrub, endemic to the dry tropical forests of St. John, USVI. This plant is a species of conservation concern and is one of very few native and endemic plants on this island. Very little is known about the ecology and reproduction of S. conocarpum. Most plants are found on the southern half of the island. Recent observations …

Primula Veris Plants Derived From In Vitro Cultures And From Seeds: Genetic Stability, Morphology, And Seed Characteristics, Iwona Jedrzejczyk, Maria Morozowska, Renata Nowinska, Andrzej Jagodzinski

Turkish Journal of Botany

Flow cytometry measurement confirmed the genetic stability of Primula veris L. (cowslip) plants obtained during the micropropagation process. The mean 2C DNA content was 0.97 pg/2C and P. veris can be classified in the group of plants of very small genomes. Comparative morphological analysis of cowslip plants regenerated in vitro and derived from seeds was carried out in three subsequent years under common garden conditions, which limited the effects of environmental factors. The origin of specimens significantly influenced most of the morphological traits examined. Plants that originated from seeds were characterized by more intensive development rate and higher total seed …

Callus Production And Analysis Of Some Secondary Metabolites In Globularia Trichosantha Subsp. Trichosantha, Hati̇ce Çölgeçen, Havva Atar, Gülnur Toker, Gençay Akgül

Turkish Journal of Botany

This study describes the production of calli from Globularia trichosantha subsp. trichosantha and the quantitative determination of catalpol, aucubin, and verbascoside in the calli and the plant by HPLC. The seeds of the plant were sterilized and germinated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium without in vitro plant growth regulator. Hypocotyl, cotyledon, first leaf, epicotyl, apical meristem, and root explants were taken from the 30-day-old aseptic seedlings germinated in vitro. Explants were then transferred to MS media for callus production together with varying concentrations of plant growth regulators. The best callus production occurred in the media containing 6 mg L?1 …

Genomic-Enabled Prediction Models Using Multi-Environment Trials To Estimate The Effect Of Genotype × Environment Interaction On Prediction Accuracy In Chickpea, Manish Roorkiwal, Diego Jarquin, Muneendra K. Singh, Pooran M. Gaur, Chellapilla Bharadwaj, Abhishek Rathore, Reka Howard, Samineni Srinivasan, Ankit Jain, Vanika Garg, Sandip Kale, Annapurna Chitikineni, Shailesh Tripathi, Elizabeth Jones, Kelly R. Robbins, José Crossa, Rajeev K. Varshney

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Genomic selection (GS) by selecting lines prior to field phenotyping using genotyping data has the potential to enhance the rate of genetic gains. Genotype × environment (G × E) interaction inclusion in GS models can improve prediction accuracy hence aid in selection of lines across target environments. Phenotypic data on 320 chickpea breeding lines for eight traits for three seasons at two locations were recorded. These lines were genotyped using DArTseq (1.6 K SNPs) and Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS; 89 K SNPs). Thirteen models were fitted including main effects of environment and lines, markers, and/or naïve and informed interactions to estimate prediction …

Plant Probiotic Bacteria Bacillus And Paraburkholderia Improve Growth, Yield And Content Of Antioxidants In Strawberry Fruit, Mosaddiqur Rahman, Abdullah As Sabir, Julakha Akter Mukrta, Mohibul Alam Khan, Mohammed Mohi-Ud-Din, Giashuddin Miah, Mahfuzur Rahman, M. Tofazzal Islam

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Strawberry is an excellent source of natural antioxidants with high capacity of scavenging free radicals.

This study evaluated the effects of two plant probiotic bacteria, Bacillus amylolequefaciens BChi1 and Paraburkholderia fungorum BRRh-4 on growth, fruit yield and antioxidant contents in strawberry fruits. Root dipping of seedlings (plug plants) followed by spray applications of both probiotic bacteria in the field on foliage significantly increased fruit yield (up to 48%) over non-treated control. Enhanced fruit yield likely to be linked with higher root and shoot growth, individual and total fruit weight/plant and production of phytohormone by the probiotic bacteria applied on plants. …

The Vascular Flora Of The Red River Gorge In Powell, Menifee, And Wolfe Counties Kentucky, Thomas Steele Mcfadden

Online Theses and Dissertations

The Red River Gorge (RRG) is a 26,283 ha natural area within Menifee, Powell, and Wolfe counties of Kentucky. This area is in the Cumberland Plateau Physiographic Section which is a southern subsection of the Appalachian Plateau Physiographic Province. It is a mecca of outdoor recreation, hosting thousands of visitors each year, while also being home to a unique flora worthy of continued protection. A vascular flora was conducted between the fall of 2016 and the summer of 2018. Additional vouchers donated by Dr. Ross C. Clark and the Stanton Ranger District office, as well as vouchers deposited at regional …

Comparison Of The Genome Size, Endoreduplication, And Issr Marker Polymorphism In Eight Lotus (Fabaceae) Species, Erik Ducar, Monika Rewers, Iwona Jedrzejczyk, Pavol Martonfi, Elwira Sliwinska

Turkish Journal of Botany

Several species within the genus Lotus are important forage crops, and many are endangered or rare. Despite the high genetic diversity of the genus, identification of Lotus species is problematic because of the limited number of reliable morphological markers. In search of a quick, inexpensive, and steady method for species identification, genome size and cell cycle/endoreduplication intensity of 14 accessions belonging to eight Lotus species were estimated by flow cytometry. ISSR-PCR was also applied to find sensitive molecular markers for genetic diversity estimation. Genome size estimation revealed that Lotus species possess very small genomes and this characteristic enables the identification …