Changes In Intragastric Temperature Reflect Changes In Heat Stress Following Tepid Fluid Ingestion But Not Ice Slurry Ingestion,
2015
University of Newcastle, Australia
Changes In Intragastric Temperature Reflect Changes In Heat Stress Following Tepid Fluid Ingestion But Not Ice Slurry Ingestion, Christopher J. Stevens, Ben Dascombe
Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments
This study examined the effects of fluid and ice slurry ingestion on the relationship between intragastric temperature and rectal temperature in humans during physical activity. The purpose was to identify a technique to quantify changes in heat stress in situations when temperature probes are not feasible and when time constraints do not allow for a period long enough for an indigestible temperature capsule to reach the lower gastrointestinal tract. Eight moderately trained male runners inserted a rectal probe and ingested a telemetric capsule before randomized, crossover, pre-exercise ingestion of 7.5 mL x kg-1 x BM-1tepid fluid (22°C) …
Hepatic Nutrient And Hormonal Regulation Of The Pancreatic-Derived Factor (Pander) Promoter,
2015
University of South Florida
Hepatic Nutrient And Hormonal Regulation Of The Pancreatic-Derived Factor (Pander) Promoter, Whitney Ratliff
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
PANcreatic-DERived factor (PANDER, FAM3B) has been shown to regulate glycemic levels via interactions with both pancreatic islets and the liver. Although PANDER is predominantly expressed from the endocrine pancreas, recent work has provided sufficient evidence that the liver may also be an additional tissue source of PANDER production. At physiological levels, PANDER is capable of disrupting insulin signaling and promoting increased hepatic glucose production. As shown in some animal models, strong expression of PANDER, induced by viral delivery within the liver, induces hepatic steatosis. However, no studies to date have explicitly characterized the transcriptional regulation of PANDER from the liver. …
Chemical-Free Technique To Study The Ultrastructure Of Primary Cilium,
2015
Chapman University
Chemical-Free Technique To Study The Ultrastructure Of Primary Cilium, Ashraf M. Mohieldin, Wissam A. Aboualaiwi, Min Gao, Surya M. Nauli
Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research
A primary cilium is a hair-like structure with a width of approximately 200 nm. Over the past few decades, the main challenge in the study of the ultrastructure of cilia has been the high sensitivity of cilia to chemical fixation, which is required for many imaging techniques. In this report, we demonstrate a combined high-pressure freezing (HPF) and freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy (FFTEM) technique to examine the ultrastructure of a cilium. Our objective is to develop an optimal high-resolution imaging approach that preserves cilia structures in their best natural form without alteration of cilia morphology by chemical fixation interference. Our …
Bdnf Contributes To Angiotensin Ii-Mediated Reductions In Peak Voltage-Gated K+ Current In Cultured Cath.A Cells.,
2015
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Bdnf Contributes To Angiotensin Ii-Mediated Reductions In Peak Voltage-Gated K+ Current In Cultured Cath.A Cells., Bryan K. Becker, Han-Jun Wang, Changhai Tian, Irving H. Zucker
Journal Articles: Cellular & Integrative Physiology
Increased central angiotensin II (Ang II) levels contribute to sympathoexcitation in cardiovascular disease states such as chronic heart failure and hypertension. One mechanism by which Ang II increases neuronal excitability is through a decrease in voltage-gated, rapidly inactivating K(+) current (IA); however, little is known about how Ang II signaling results in reduced IA. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has also been demonstrated to decrease IA and has signaling components common to Ang II. Therefore, we hypothesized that Ang II-mediated suppression of voltage-gated K(+) currents is due, in part, to BDNF signaling. Differentiated CATH.a, catecholaminergic cell line treated with BDNF for …
The Anatomy Of Porcine And Human Larynges: Structural Analysis And High Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of The Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve,
2015
Brigham Young University - Provo
The Anatomy Of Porcine And Human Larynges: Structural Analysis And High Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of The Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve, Nena Lundgreen Mason
Theses and Dissertations
The recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) innervates all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx that are responsible for human vocalization and language. The RLN runs along the tracheoesophageal groove bilaterally and is often accidentally damaged or transected during head and neck surgical procedures. RLN palsy and vocal cord paralysis are the most common and serious post op complications of thyroid surgeries. Patients who suffer from RLN injury can develop unilateral or bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP). Theoretically, selective reinnervation of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle would be the best treatment for BVFP. The phrenic nerve has been shown in several studies to …
Effects Of Prenatal Environment Are Revealed By Post-Natal Challenges: Embryonic Hormone Exposure, Adrenocortical Function And Food In Seabird Chicks,
2015
Bucknell University
Effects Of Prenatal Environment Are Revealed By Post-Natal Challenges: Embryonic Hormone Exposure, Adrenocortical Function And Food In Seabird Chicks, Z. Morgan Benowitz-Fredericks, Jannik Schultner, Alexander S. Kitaysky
Faculty Journal Articles
The interaction between prenatal environments and postnatal environments is an important source of phenotypic variability. We examined the ability of prenatal steroid exposure and postnatal energy restriction to explain adrenocortical function and fledging age in captive seabird chicks. We proposed and tested two hypotheses: (1) the strength of prenatal effects is attenuated by challenging postnatal environments (postnatal override) and (2) the strength of prenatal effects increases with the severity of postnatal challenges (postnatal reveal). We reared common murre (Uria aalge) chicks and measured prenatal exposure to corticosterone (CORT) and testosterone (T) from allantoic waste. Adrenocortical function was assessed after 10 …
Steroid Receptor Isoform Expression In Drosophila Nociceptor Neurons Is Required For Normal Dendritic Arbor And Sensitivity,
2015
University of New England
Steroid Receptor Isoform Expression In Drosophila Nociceptor Neurons Is Required For Normal Dendritic Arbor And Sensitivity, Aidan L. Mcparland, Taylor L. Follansbee, Gwendolyn D. Vesenka, Alexandra E. Panaitiu, Geoffrey K. Ganter
Biology Student Publications
Steroid hormones organize many aspects of development, including that of the nervous system. Steroids also play neuromodulatory and other activational roles, including regulation of sensitivity to painful stimuli in mammals. In Drosophila, ecdysteroids are the only steroid hormones, and therefore the fly represents a simplified model system in which to explore mechanisms of steroid neuromodulation of nociception. In this report, we present evidence that ecdysteroids, acting through two isoforms of their nuclear ecdysone receptor (EcR), modulate sensitivity to noxious thermal and mechanical stimuli in the fly larva. We show that EcRA and EcRB1 are expressed by third instar larvae in …
P53: "The Wall Watcher",
2015
Old Dominion University
P53: "The Wall Watcher", Nektarios Barabutis, John D. Catravas
Bioelectrics Publications
No abstract provided.
An Unattended Mask Makes An Attended Target Disappear,
2015
Universite Paris Descartes
An Unattended Mask Makes An Attended Target Disappear, Arielle A. Veenemans, Patrick Cavanagh
Dartmouth Scholarship
In pattern masking, the target and mask are presented at the same location and follow one another very closely in time. When the observer attends to the target, he or she must also attend to the mask, as the switching time for attention is quite slow. In a series of experiments, we present mask–target–mask sequences staggered in time and location (Cavanagh, Holcombe, & Chou, 2008) that allow participants to attentively track the target location without attending to the masks. The results show that the strength of masking is on average unaffected by the removal of attention from the masks. Moreover, …
Rfx Transcription Factors Are Essential For Hearing In Mice,
2015
Tel Aviv University, Israel
Rfx Transcription Factors Are Essential For Hearing In Mice, Ran Elkon, Beatrice Milon, Laura Morrison, Manan Shah, Sarath Vijayakumar, Manoj Racherla, Carmen C. Leitch, Lorna Silipino, Shadan Hadi, Michèle Weiss-Gayet, Emmanuèle Barras, Christoph D. Schmid, Aouatef Ait-Lounis, Ashley Barnes, Yang Song, David J. Eisenman, Efrat Eliyahu, Gregory I. Frolenkov, Scott E. Strome, Bénédicte Durand, Norann A. Zaghloul, Sherri M. Jones, Walter Reith, Ronna Hertzano
Physiology Faculty Publications
Sensorineural hearing loss is a common and currently irreversible disorder, because mammalian hair cells (HCs) do not regenerate and current stem cell and gene delivery protocols result only in immature HC-like cells. Importantly, although the transcriptional regulators of embryonic HC development have been described, little is known about the postnatal regulators of maturating HCs. Here we apply a cell type-specific functional genomic analysis to the transcriptomes of auditory and vestibular sensory epithelia from early postnatal mice. We identify RFX transcription factors as essential and evolutionarily conserved regulators of the HC-specific transcriptomes, and detect Rfx1,2,3,5 and 7 in the developing HCs. …
Topological Data Analysis For Discovery In Preclinical Spinal Cord Injury And Traumatic Brain Injury,
2015
University of California - San Francisco
Topological Data Analysis For Discovery In Preclinical Spinal Cord Injury And Traumatic Brain Injury, Jessica L. Nielson, Jesse Paquette, Aiwen W. Liu, Cristian F. Guandique, C. Amy Tovar, Tomoo Inoue, Karen-Amanda Irvine, John C. Gensel, Jennifer Kloke, Tanya C. Petrossian, Pek Y. Lum, Gunnar E. Carlsson, Geoffrey T. Manley, Wise Young, Michael S. Beattie, Jacqueline C. Bresnahan, Adam R. Ferguson
Physiology Faculty Publications
Data-driven discovery in complex neurological disorders has potential to extract meaningful syndromic knowledge from large, heterogeneous data sets to enhance potential for precision medicine. Here we describe the application of topological data analysis (TDA) for data-driven discovery in preclinical traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) data sets mined from the Visualized Syndromic Information and Outcomes for Neurotrauma-SCI (VISION-SCI) repository. Through direct visualization of inter-related histopathological, functional and health outcomes, TDA detected novel patterns across the syndromic network, uncovering interactions between SCI and co-occurring TBI, as well as detrimental drug effects in unpublished multicentre preclinical drug trial data …
Prediction Of Maximal Oxygen Consumption From Rating Of Perceived Exertion (Rpe) Using A Modified Total-Body Recumbent Stepper,
2015
University of Louisville
Prediction Of Maximal Oxygen Consumption From Rating Of Perceived Exertion (Rpe) Using A Modified Total-Body Recumbent Stepper, John P. Mcculloch, Douglas J. Lorenz, Michael A. Kloby, Matthew D. Love, Daniela G.L. Terson De Paleville Phd
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 8(4): 414-424, 2015. Exercise training is crucial to improve cardiovascular health and quality of life in people with spinal cord injuries (SCI). A key limitation is the lack of validated submaximal tests to evaluate and predict cardiovascular fitness in this population. The purpose of this study was to validate a submaximal test to predict maximal oxygen consumption for individuals with SCI. Ten able-bodied participants and two individuals with SCI completed a rating of perceived exertion (RPE)-based submaximal oxygen consumption test and a graded maximal oxygen consumption test on a NuStep T4 recumbent stepper. Prediction of …
Assessment Of Dietary Behaviors, Body Composition, And Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among College Club Rugby Team,
2015
Elon University
Assessment Of Dietary Behaviors, Body Composition, And Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among College Club Rugby Team, Carly R. Macdougall, Gytis Balilionis, Svetlana Nepocatych
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 8(4): 403-413, 2015. The purpose of this study was to evaluate dietary behaviors, body composition, and potential cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among college club rugby team players. 15 athletes completed demographics, three 24-hour dietary recalls, body composition and blood lipid profile assessments following an overnight fast. Mean ± SD age of participants was 20 ± 1 years; weight 81 ± 16 kg; BMI 25.7 ± 3.2 kg/m2; body fat 13 ± 5%; total cholesterol 133 ± 37 mg/dl; high-density lipoprotein 49 ± 18 mg/dl; low-density lipoproteins 77 ± 26 mg/dl; triglycerides 86 …
The Influence Of Short-Term Quercetin Supplementation On Peak Oxygen Uptake During Simulated Altitude Exposure In Trained Cyclists,
2015
Castleton State College
The Influence Of Short-Term Quercetin Supplementation On Peak Oxygen Uptake During Simulated Altitude Exposure In Trained Cyclists, Justin A. Carlstrom
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 8(4): 394-402, 2015. Endurance performance and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) decline as altitude increases. Some data exist suggesting that quercetin supplementation improves aerobic capacity in trained and untrained individuals at sea-level (normobaric normoxic conditions). Few studies have examined the effects of quercetin on endurance performance during simulated altitude exposure (normobaric hypoxic conditions). The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of consuming 1000 mg·day-1 of quercetin for two weeks on cycling VO2peak in healthy trained male cyclists performing under normobaric normoxic and hypoxic conditions (NP and HP, respectively). Fourteen …
Efficacy Of Vibration Exercise As A Warm-Up Modality For Overground Sprinting,
2015
RMIT University
Efficacy Of Vibration Exercise As A Warm-Up Modality For Overground Sprinting, Victoria Moddie, Amanda C. Benson, Brett A. Gordon, Noel Lythgo
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 8(4): 385-393, 2015. This study investigated the efficacy of vibration exercise (VbX) as a warm-up modality for maximal overground sprinting. Ten national level sprinters participated in a randomized crossover design (14.0 ± 7.4 days washout period). A VbX warm-up was compared to a warm-up involving sprint-specific exercises (control condition). The VbX warm-up involved 10 ´ 1 minute bouts delivered by a Galileo 900 side-alternating plate (frequency = 26 Hz, peak-to-peak displacement = 9 mm) with 30 s rest between bouts (total time = 15 minutes). The sprint-specific warm-up involved jogging, dynamic exercises and sprinting drills …
A Multi-Directional Treadmill Training Program For Improving Gait, Balance, And Mobility In Individuals With Parkinson’S Disease: A Case Series,
2015
University of Dayton
A Multi-Directional Treadmill Training Program For Improving Gait, Balance, And Mobility In Individuals With Parkinson’S Disease: A Case Series, Kimberly Smith, Kurt Jackson, Kimberly Edginton-Bigelow, Lloyd Laubach
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 8(4): 372-384, 2015. Treadmill training is a commonly used intervention for improving gait in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, little is known about how treadmill training may also influence balance and other aspects of mobility. The purpose of this case series was to explore the feasibility and possible benefits of multi-directional treadmill training for individuals with PD. Four participants (62.3 ± 6.5 yrs, Hoehn & Yahr 2-4) performed 8 weeks of treadmill training 3 times per week. Weeks 1-4 included forward walking only, while weeks 5-8 included forward and multi-directional walking. Participants were tested …
Seasonal Variation In The Distribution Of Daily Stepping In 11-13 Year Old School Children,
2015
University of Glasgow
Seasonal Variation In The Distribution Of Daily Stepping In 11-13 Year Old School Children, Paul Mccrorie, Elaine Duncan, Malcolm Granat, Benedict Stansfield
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 8(4): 358-371, 2015. Seasonality studies in adolescent’s physical activity (PA) tend to report total PA (e.g. steps/day) rather than more specific detail such as steps/hour. This study compared the detailed changes in PA between seasons. Thirty three adolescents (baseline age 12.2 ± 0.3y) wore the activPAL activity monitor for 8 days on two occasions. Steps/day were higher in summer (Mdn = 12,879) than winter (Mdn = 10,512), p.05), however, boys had significantly higher step counts in summer between ’13:00-14:00’ (p=.023), ’19:00-20:00’ (p=.032) and ‘20:00-21:00’ (p=.023). Total steps/day masked sex differences within specific hours of the …
Tactical Athletes: An Integrated Approach To Understanding And Enhancing The Health And Performance Of Firefighters-In-Training,
2015
UW-Milwaukee
Tactical Athletes: An Integrated Approach To Understanding And Enhancing The Health And Performance Of Firefighters-In-Training, Stacy L. Gnacinski, Barbara B. Meyer, David J. Cornell, Jason Mims, Kathryn R. Zalewski, Kyle T. Ebersole
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 8(4): 341-357, 2015. In an effort to reduce the rates of firefighter fatality, injury, and workplace stress, there has been a call for research to advance knowledge of firefighting performance and injury prevention. Physical and psychological variables important to firefighter health and performance have been identified, yet the interrelated nature of these variables has been overlooked. Given the overlap between the physical and psychological demands of firefighting and sport, and given that an integrated framework has been used in the sport domain to guide athlete health and performance research and practice, firefighter organizations could benefit …
Performance And Perceptual Responses Of Collegiate Female Soccer Players To A Practical External And Internal Cooling Protocol,
2015
University of North Alabama
Performance And Perceptual Responses Of Collegiate Female Soccer Players To A Practical External And Internal Cooling Protocol, Rachel L. Holm, Veronika Pribyslavska, Samantha L. Johnson, Jordan B. Lowe, Mary C. Stevenson-Wilcoxson, Eric M. Scudamore, James M. Green, Charlie P. Katica, Eric K. O'Neal
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 8(4): 331-340, 2015. This study examined practical pre- and mid practice cooling interventions on running performance, perceived exertion (RPE), and thermal sensation (TS) during soccer. During two formal pre-season practices female, NCAA Division II soccer players participated in three, 15 min scrimmage bouts followed by a 4th 10 min bout. Following the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd bouts, 8 field position players completed competitive sets of two, 30 yard sprints against other team members with time recorded between 5 and 30 yards. After the 4th bout, players completed an …
Validation Of Maximal Heart Rate Prediction Equations Based On Sex And Physical Activity Status,
2015
University of Pittsburgh
Validation Of Maximal Heart Rate Prediction Equations Based On Sex And Physical Activity Status, Stephen J. Roy, J.L. Mccrory
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 8(4): 318-330, 2015. The purpose of the study was to determine if measured maximal heart rate (HRmax) was affected by sex or aerobic training status, and to determine the accuracy of three common clinical age-prediction maximal heart rate regression equations used to predict HRmax: HRmax = 220 – age, HRmax = 226 – age, and HRmax = 208 – (0.7 ∙ age). Fifty-two participants in total, 30 of which were in the active group (15 M, 15 F) and 22 subjects in the sedentary group (9 M, …
