Gene Expression Microarray Data From Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells Supplemented With A Low Concentration Of Niacin,
2016
Western University
Gene Expression Microarray Data From Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells Supplemented With A Low Concentration Of Niacin, Nica M. Borradaile, Jennifer M. Hughes-Large
Physiology and Pharmacology Publications
The systemic lipid modifying drug, niacin, can directly improve human microvascular endothelial cell angiogenic function under lipotoxic conditions, possibly through activation of niacin receptors [1]. Here we provide accompanying data collected using Affymetrix GeneChip microarrays to identify changes in gene expression in human microvascular endothelial cells treated with 10 μM niacin. Statistical analyses of robust multi-array average (RMA) values revealed that only 16 genes exhibited greater than 1.3-fold differential expression. Of these 16, only 5 were identified protein coding genes, while 3 of the remaining 11 genes appeared to be small nuclear/nucleolar RNAs. Altered expression of EFCAB4B, …
Optogenetic Stimulation Of Drosophila Heart Rate At Different Temperatures And Ca2+ Concentrations,
2016
University of Kentucky
Optogenetic Stimulation Of Drosophila Heart Rate At Different Temperatures And Ca2+ Concentrations, Yuechen Zhu, Henry Uradu, Zana R. Majeed, Robin L. Cooper
Biology Faculty Publications
Optogenetics is a revolutionary technique that enables noninvasive activation of electrically excitable cells. In mammals, heart rate has traditionally been modulated with pharmacological agents or direct stimulation of cardiac tissue with electrodes. However, implanted wires have been known to cause physical damage and damage from electrical currents. Here, we describe a proof of concept to optically drive cardiac function in a model organism, Drosophila melanogaster. We expressed the light sensitive channelrhodopsin protein ChR2.XXL in larval Drosophila hearts and examined light‐induced activation of cardiac tissue. After demonstrating optical stimulation of larval heart rate, the approach was tested at low temperature …
Sensory Integration In Zebrafish Larvae,
2016
Brigham Young University
Sensory Integration In Zebrafish Larvae, Hannah Waddel, Dr. Arminda Suli
Journal of Undergraduate Research
A major task of the central nervous system is to make sense of the environment and mount an appropriate reaction. The ability to organize and integrate inputs from different sensory systems is critical for survival in animals. Sensory integration dysfunction is implicated in human disorders such as autism and dyslexia. Swimming behaviors such as rheotaxis, defined as swimming against a current, require the integration of different sensory systems such as mechanosensory hair cells, the visual system, and the vestibular system. In this project, we attempted to create an assay to measure the rheotaxis behavior of Danio rerio (zebrafish) larvae, in …
The Role Of Subtelomeric Silencing In Aging,
2016
Brigham Young University
The Role Of Subtelomeric Silencing In Aging, Mark Roth, Jonathan Alder, Phd
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Telomeres, located at the ends of chromosomes, are repetitive DNA sequences composed of TTAGGG repeated thousands of times. Each time a cell copies its DNA a small amount of telomeric DNA is lost due to the end replication problem. Because of this, telomeres are eventually lost. New telomeres are synthesized by telomerase. Telomerase has both a protein reverse transcriptase component (TERT) and an RNA template (TERC) that it uses to synthesize new telomeres; however, expression is tightly controlled and is not expressed in most cells in our bodies. This limits the number of times that most of our cells can …
Exercising To Stay Mentally Fit,
2016
Brigham Young University
Exercising To Stay Mentally Fit, Tyler Hammond, Dr. Jerffrey Edwards
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Both exercise and stress have an impact on learning and memory. Exercise appears to have positive effects on learning and memory while stress appears to have negative effects on learning and memory. Previous work in our lab has demonstrated that exercise enhances long-term potentiation mediated by electrical stimulus in the hippocampus and that stress decreases long-term potentiation mediated by electrical stimulus in the hippocampus. Long-term potentiation is a measure of the strengthening of the synapses following an electrical stimulus intended to model learning and memory. The hippocampus is the area of the brain commonly deemed responsible for long-term declarative memories.
Sex Differences In Fatigability Of Dynamic Contractions,
2016
Marquette University
Sex Differences In Fatigability Of Dynamic Contractions, Sandra K. Hunter
Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications
Women are usually less fatigable than men during single-limb isometric contractions, primarily because of sex-related differences in contractile mechanisms. It is less clear whether these sex differences in muscle fatigue occur for dynamic fatiguing tasks. This review highlights new findings that the sex difference in fatigability for dynamic shortening contractions with a single limb is dependent on the contraction velocity and the muscle group involved. Recent studies demonstrate that women are less fatigable than men for a dynamic task as follows: (i) the elbow-flexor muscles at slow- but not high-velocity contractions; and (ii) the knee-extensor muscles when muscle fatigue was …
Dietary Supplementation With Organoselenium Accelerates Recovery Of Bladder Expression, But Does Not Improve Locomotor Function, Following Spinal Cord Injury,
2016
University of Kentucky
Dietary Supplementation With Organoselenium Accelerates Recovery Of Bladder Expression, But Does Not Improve Locomotor Function, Following Spinal Cord Injury, Carolyn A. Meyer, Ranjana Singh, Mackenzie T. Jones, Chen-Guang Yu, Ronan F. Power, James W. Geddes
Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center Faculty Publications
Selenium is an essential element required for activity of several antioxidant enzymes, including glutathione peroxidase. Because of the critical role of the antioxidant system in responding to traumatic events, we hypothesized that dietary selenium supplementation would enhance neuroprotection in a rodent model of spinal cord injury. Rats were maintained on either a control or selenium-enriched diet prior to, and following, injury. Dietary selenium supplementation, provided as selenized yeast added to normal rat chow, resulted in a doubling of selenium levels in the spinal cord. Dietary selenium reduced the time required for recovery of bladder function following thoracic spinal cord injury. …
Gender Representation In The Vision Sciences: A Longitudinal Study,
2016
Dartmouth College
Gender Representation In The Vision Sciences: A Longitudinal Study, Emily A. Cooper, Ana Radonjic
Dartmouth Scholarship
Understanding the current status and historical trends of gender representation within a research field is an important component of fostering a diverse and inclusive scientific community. Here, we report on the gender representation of a large sample of the vision science research community—the attendees of the Annual Meeting of the Vision Sciences Society (VSS). Our analysis shows that the majority of scientists at all career levels in our sample are male. This imbalance is most pronounced for the senior scientists, whereas predoctoral students are nearly balanced between the genders. Historically, the gender imbalance was larger than it is at present, …
Estrogen Receptor Alpha (Esr1)-Dependent Regulation Of The Mouse Oviductal Transcriptome,
2016
University of Kentucky
Estrogen Receptor Alpha (Esr1)-Dependent Regulation Of The Mouse Oviductal Transcriptome, Katheryn L. Cerny, Rosanne A. C. Ribeiro, Myoungkun Jeoung, Chemyong Ko, Phillip J. Bridges
Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications
Estrogen receptor-α (ESR1) is an important transcriptional regulator in the mammalian oviduct, however ESR1-dependent regulation of the transcriptome of this organ is not well defined, especially at the genomic level. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate estradiol- and ESR1-dependent regulation of the transcriptome of the oviduct using transgenic mice, both with (ESR1KO) and without (wild-type, WT) a global deletion of ESR1. Oviducts were collected from ESR1KO and WT littermates at 23 days of age, or ESR1KO and WT mice were treated with 5 IU PMSG to stimulate follicular development and the production of ovarian estradiol, and the …
Utilization Of An Anti-Gravity Treadmill In A Physical Activity Program With Female Breast Cancer Survivors: A Pilot Study,
2016
Ohio State University - Main Campus
Utilization Of An Anti-Gravity Treadmill In A Physical Activity Program With Female Breast Cancer Survivors: A Pilot Study, Ciaran M. Fairman, Kristina L. Kendall, Brandonn S. Harris, Kenneth J. Crandall, Jim Mcmillan
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 101- 109, 2016. Breast Cancer survivors can experience a myriad of physical and psychological benefits as a result of regular exercise. This study aimed to build on previous research using lower impact exercise programs by using an anti-gravity (Alter-G®) treadmill to administer cardiovascular training. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness a physical activity program, including an Alter-G® treadmill, for improving physiological and psychosocial measures in female breast cancer survivors. A 14-week intervention using an AB-AB study design was employed. Six female breast cancer survivors were recruited to participate in the …
The Effect Of Cardiowaves Interval Training On Resting Blood Pressure, Resting Heart Rate, And Mind-Body Wellness,
2016
Brigham Young University, Provo, UT
The Effect Of Cardiowaves Interval Training On Resting Blood Pressure, Resting Heart Rate, And Mind-Body Wellness, Camilla M. Nielson, Barbara D. Lockhart, Ronald L. Hager, James D. George, Dennis L. Eggett, Patrick R. Steffen, Ulrike H. Mitchell, Bruce W. Bailey
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 89-100, 2016. An experimental study to examine the effects of CardioWaves interval training (CWIT) and continuous training (CT) on resting blood pressure, resting heart rate, and mind-body wellness. Fifty-two normotensive (blood pressure <120/80 mmHg), pre-hypertensive (120–139/80–89 mmHg), and hypertensive (>140/90 mmHg) participants were randomly assigned and equally divided between the CWIT and CT groups. Both groups participated in the assigned exercise protocol 30 minutes per day, four days per week for eight weeks. Resting blood pressure, resting heart rate, and mind-body wellness were measured pre- and post-intervention. A total of 47 participants (15 females and 32 males) were included in the …
Oxygen Consumption And Substrate Utilization During And After Resistance Exercises Performed With Different Muscle Mass,
2016
University of Rio de Janeiro State
Oxygen Consumption And Substrate Utilization During And After Resistance Exercises Performed With Different Muscle Mass, Paulo Farinatti, Antonio G. Castinheiras Neto, Paulo Rs Amorim
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 77-88, 2016. This study investigated the energy expenditure (EE) and substrate utilization reflected by the respiratory-exchange ratio (RER) during and after resistance exercises performed with different muscle mass. Ten male volunteers (mean±SD; 26±4yr, 179±6cm, 77±8kg) performed multiple sets of the horizontal leg press (LP) and chest fly (CF) (5 sets of 10 repetitions with 15 repetition-maximum, 1-minute between-set intervals) in a counterbalanced design. Oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production were measured during 40 minutes of resting; resistance exercise protocols (sets and intervals); 90 minutes of post-exercise recovery. Total fat and carbohydrate oxidation rates were …
Energy Expenditure And Enjoyment Of Active Television Viewing,
2016
University of Pittsburgh
Energy Expenditure And Enjoyment Of Active Television Viewing, Lori A. Portzer, Renee J. Rogers, Bethany Barone Gibbs, Andrea L. Hergenroeder, Amy D. Rickman, John M. Jakicic
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 64-76, 2016. This study examined energy expenditure and enjoyment during sedentary television viewing (SED-TV), stepping in place during television commercials (COMM-TV), and physical activity prompted by common character phrases/mannerisms within a television program (PA-TV). Adults (N=38, age: 27.0±8.0 years, BMI: 25.4±4.2 kg/m2) completed three 30-minute sessions in random order: SED-TV, COMM-TV, and PA-TV. Energy expenditure and heart rate were assessed during each session. Enjoyment was assessed after the initial experimental session and at completion of the study. Energy expenditure was greater in the active versus sedentary sessions (COMM-TV vs SED-TV: difference = 32.7±1.9 kcal, …
The Relationship Between Aerobic Capacity And Bone Health In Young Women,
2016
University of Massachusetts Amherst
The Relationship Between Aerobic Capacity And Bone Health In Young Women, Brittany R. Masteller, Curt B. Dixon, Eric S. Rawson, Joseph L. Andreacci
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 56-63, 2016. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the relationship between maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and bone health in young women. Eighty-three participants (age=21.0±2.2 years; BMI=22.4±3.0 kg/m2) reported for testing on two occasions separated by 48 hours. During visit 1 body composition assessment via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and during visit 2, a VO2max test performed on a motorized treadmill. Weak correlations were found between absolute VO2max (L/min) and whole-body bone mineral density (WB-BMD: r=0.24, p=0.031) and whole-body bone mineral content (WB-BMC: …
Validation Of Self-Reported Anthropometrics In Female College Freshmen,
2016
Bowling Green State University - Main Campus
Validation Of Self-Reported Anthropometrics In Female College Freshmen, Ryan J. Leone, Amy Morgan, Mary-Jon Ludy
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 47-55, 2016. Most investigations concerning the validity of self-reported anthropometrics focus on weight, height, and body mass index. This study extends those investigations by exploring the impact of self-reporting bias on the disease risk indicators of waist circumference and body fat percentage. Female college freshmen (n=128) self-reported weight and height, then underwent measurements for weight, height, waist circumference, and body fat percentage. Self-reporting bias was defined as self-reported minus directly-assessed anthropometric value. Despite no differences in self-reported versus directly-assessed weight or height for the total group, students with high waist circumference and excess fat …
Leukocyte Subset Changes In Response To A 164-Km Road Cycle Ride In A Hot Environment,
2016
University of North Texas
Leukocyte Subset Changes In Response To A 164-Km Road Cycle Ride In A Hot Environment, Hui Ying Luk, Amy L. Mckenzie, Anthony A. Duplanty, Ronald G. Budnar, Danielle Levitt, Alex Fernandez, Elaine C. Lee, Lawrence E. Armstrong, Jakob L. Vingren
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 34-46, 2016. The purpose of this observational study was to determine the circulating leukocyte subset response to completing the 2013 Hotter’N Hell Hundred recreational 164-km road cycle event in a hot and humid environmental condition. Twenty-eight men and four women were included in this study. Whole blood samples were obtained 1-2 hours before (PRE) and immediately after (POST) the event. Electronic sizing/sorting and cytometry were used to determine complete blood counts (CBC) including neutrophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte subsets. The concentration of circulating total leukocytes (103·µL-1) increased 134% from PRE to …
An Analysis Of The Medical Costs Of Obesity For Fifth Graders In California And Texas,
2016
University of North Texas
An Analysis Of The Medical Costs Of Obesity For Fifth Graders In California And Texas, Danielle E. Levitt, Allen W. Jackson, James R. Morrow Jr.
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 26-33, 2016. The prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States increased more than three-fold from 1976 – 1980 to 2007 – 2008. The Presidential Youth Fitness Program’s FitnessGram® is the current method recommended by the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports & Nutrition for assessing health-related fitness factors, including body composition. FitnessGram® data from California and Texas, the two most populous states, over a three-year time span indicate that more than one-third of fifth grade students, typically ten-year-olds, are obese. Previous studies report that an obese ten-year-old child who remains obese into adulthood will …
Comparison Of Affect And Cardiorespiratory Training Responses Between Structured Gym Activities And Traditional Aerobic Exercise In Children,
2016
Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics
Comparison Of Affect And Cardiorespiratory Training Responses Between Structured Gym Activities And Traditional Aerobic Exercise In Children, David A. White, Scott David Rothenberger, Laura A. Hunt, Fredric L. Goss
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 16-25, 2016. Physical activities (PA) that are pleasurable are likely to be repeated. Structured gym activities (SGA) are defined as dodging, chasing, and fleeing games. Traditional aerobic exercises (TAE) are defined as treadmill, cycle ergometer, and elliptical exercise. The purpose of this investigation was to compare affect and cardiorespiratory training responses between SGA and TAE in children. Thirty-two participants (9.3±0.2) were randomized to either the SGA or TAE group. Exercise training was seven weeks, with two sessions per week, for 35 minutes per session. Affect was measured by the (+5 (pleasurable) to -5 (displeasurable)) …
Effects Of A Supportive Audience On A Handgrip Squeezing Task In Adults,
2016
Ball State University
Effects Of A Supportive Audience On A Handgrip Squeezing Task In Adults, Brianna N. Leitzelar, Selen Razon, Umit Tokac, Shannon Dieringer, Cindy Book, Lawrence A. Judge
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 4-15, 2016. The role of social facilitation by way of audience effect in select exercise-related variables during an isometric handgrip task was assessed using a mixed design. Fifty three moderately active participants (Mage= 21.76 + 5.27) were recruited from the Midwestern United States. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: supportive audience or control. Audience members provided positive verbal encouragement to participants in the experimental condition throughout the task performance. Participants in the control group performed the task in the absence of an audience and did not receive any …
2015 International Journal Of Exercise Science Reviewer List,
2016
Western Kentucky University
2015 International Journal Of Exercise Science Reviewer List
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1) : 1-3, 2016.
