Determining The Physiological And Behavioral Aspects Of Salinity Tolerance In The Asian Clam, Corbicula Fluminea,
2018
East Tennessee State University
Determining The Physiological And Behavioral Aspects Of Salinity Tolerance In The Asian Clam, Corbicula Fluminea, John Roden
Undergraduate Honors Theses
The Asian clam, Corbicula fluminea, is an invasive bivalve species that now occurs through most of the lower 48 United States. While a significant degree of salinity tolerance has been observed in C. fluminea, owing to its estuarine lineage, the physiological and behavioral responses to changes in salinity by these organisms are not completely understood. It was hypothesized that Corbicula would initially avoid elevated salinity levels (>1 g/L) behaviorally through valve closure, but would eventually have to open to dispel anaerobic waste products and deal with the salinity. To explore this, Corbicula were collected and put through …
Exercise Preconditioning And Tfam Overexpression Diminish Skeletal Muscle Atrophy.,
2018
University of Louisville
Exercise Preconditioning And Tfam Overexpression Diminish Skeletal Muscle Atrophy., Nicholas Todd Theilen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation is an analysis of skeletal muscle atrophy and a molecular assessment of potential preventative treatments. Chapter I begins with a background of skeletal muscle atrophy along with an analysis of associated molecular pathways. Here, we discuss how skeletal muscle atrophy is the consequence of protein degradation exceeding protein synthesis and can occur when a muscle is abnormally disused. The development of therapies prior to skeletal muscle atrophy settings to diminish protein degradation is scarce and could be useful to prevent negative clinical outcomes of patients who must unload and disuse musculature over extended periods. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated …
The Effect Of Cellular Dehydration On Glucose Regulation In Lean And Obese Females,
2018
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
The Effect Of Cellular Dehydration On Glucose Regulation In Lean And Obese Females, Chunbo Yang
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
A chronically elevated vasopressin level has been associated with an impaired glucose regulation system in humans. A recent study in patients with diabetes suggested that low water intake is associated with impaired glucose regulation. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of hypertonic saline infusion on glucose regulation in healthy females. Thirty healthy, non-diabetic females performed a 2-h infusion followed by a 4-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Every subject participated in two trials separated by one month, in a counterbalanced order. Two trials were identical in the procedure, differing in the concentration of saline infusion, with …
Success Rates Of Second Semester Anatomy Students In Online And On-Ground Classes At A Community College In East Tennessee,
2018
East Tennessee State University
Success Rates Of Second Semester Anatomy Students In Online And On-Ground Classes At A Community College In East Tennessee, William Sproat
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Educators expect the number of institutions offering online courses and the number of students enrolling in these courses to increase as many students, particularly nontraditional students, discover the advantages of online content delivery. Online courses require new methods of communication between students and faculty as well as discovering new ways to build relationships, earn student trust, conduct appropriate assessment, and deliver useful course content. Many institutions—public, private, and for-profit—offer a wide variety of online coursework but faculty, employers, and the public have expressed concerns about the quality of online course content. In particular, online delivery of coursework in the natural …
The Effect Of Ethanol On Skeletal Muscle Endocrine Function And The Novel Myokines Myonectin And Irisin,
2018
East Tennessee State University
The Effect Of Ethanol On Skeletal Muscle Endocrine Function And The Novel Myokines Myonectin And Irisin, Kendra Hagood
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Excessive alcohol consumption is a leading cause of death and disability globally and can lead to diseases such as alcoholic skeletal myopathy. Skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the human body and functions to regulate whole-body energy homeostasis. Additionally, skeletal muscle can function as an endocrine organ via secretion of myokines. Two myokines, myonectin and irisin, present a wide range of effects upon metabolism, inflammation, and tissue survival- signaling. We hypothesized that chronic alcohol consumption will result in reduced circulating myonectin and irisin levels. Mice were fed an ethanol-containing or control diet for 10 days or 6 weeks. Tissues …
The Effect Of Alcohol Consumption On Adipokine Secretion,
2018
East Tennessee State University
The Effect Of Alcohol Consumption On Adipokine Secretion, Ashley Degroat
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (AFLD) is caused by excessive alcohol consumption and is a leading cause of liver related mortalities, with currently no treatments available. The goal of this project was to establish the effect of alcohol consumption on adipose tissue-derived secreted factors, adiponectin and C1q TNF Related Proteins 1-3 (CTRP1-3). We propose that excessive alcohol consumption will reduce circulating levels of adiponectin and CTRPs 1-3. Mice were fed a Lieber-Decarli control or alcohol diet for 10-days with a gavage (NIAAA model) or 6-weeks with no gavage (chronic model). Serum and adipose tissue were collected and CTRPs 1-3 and adiponectin …
Regulation Of The Tubulin Homolog Ftsz In Escherichia Coli,
2018
CUNY Graduate Center
Regulation Of The Tubulin Homolog Ftsz In Escherichia Coli, Monika S. Buczek
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Escherichia coli is a well-known pathogen, and importantly, a widely used model organism in all fields of biological sciences for cloning, protein purification, and as a model for Gram-negative bacterial species. And yet, researchers do not fully understand how this bacterium replicates and divides. Every year additional division proteins are discovered, which adds complexity to how we understand E. coli undergoes cell division. Due to their specific roles in cytokinesis, some of these proteins may be potential targets for development of antibacterials or bacteriostatics, which are much needed for fighting the current global antibacterial deficit. My thesis work focuses on …
The Effectiveness Of Men's Lacrosse Shoulder Pads In The Attenuation Of Linear Impact Forces 2018,
2018
SUNY College Cortland
The Effectiveness Of Men's Lacrosse Shoulder Pads In The Attenuation Of Linear Impact Forces 2018, Ryan S. Dambach
Master's Theses
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Men’s lacrosse is a sport that is growing in popularity. The mandatory shoulder pads have no limit of use standards and are rarely studied. The purpose of the study was to measure peak impact force (IF) of new and used lacrosse shoulder pads. METHODS: Six lacrosse shoulder pads, three new models (Warrior MPG 8.0 shoulder pad, STX Jolt shoulder pad and Warrior Player’s Club Hitlyte shoulder pad) and three used models of the same shoulder pads with at least four seasons of use (Warrior MPG shoulder pad, STX Jolt shoulder pad and Warrior Player’s Club Hitlyte shoulder pad) were …
The Effects Of A Short-Term, Unilateral, Lower-Body Resistance Training Program On Balance In College-Aged Resistance-Trained Participants 2018.,
2018
SUNY College Cortland
The Effects Of A Short-Term, Unilateral, Lower-Body Resistance Training Program On Balance In College-Aged Resistance-Trained Participants 2018., Daniel Semprini
Master's Theses
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a short-term, unilateral, lower-body resistance training program would significantly improve static and dynamic balance in experienced college-aged resistance-trained participants when compared to a control group’s regular, bilateral lower-body resistance training program. Participants: A total of twenty-four participants were recruited to participate in the study. Four participants ended up dropping out due to injury and time constraints, leaving the final total sample size at twenty. Methods: Participants completed a series of three questionnaires (International Fitness Scale, International Physical Activity, and Sociodemographic Questionnaire) and the informed consent. The participants were randomly divided …
Escaping The Arrhenius Tyranny: Metabolic Compensation During Exposure To High Temperature In Daphnia,
2018
East Tennessee State University
Escaping The Arrhenius Tyranny: Metabolic Compensation During Exposure To High Temperature In Daphnia, Bret L. Coggins
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Poikilothermic organisms experience trade-offs by differential physiological demands generated by temperature extremes. Many such organisms exhibit acclimatory effects, adjusting their metabolism and physiology to recently experienced temperatures. One such acclimatory effect is metabolic compensation, the deceleration of biological rates below Arrhenius expectations. Daphnia magna is eurythermal, and if acclimated to mildly stressful temperatures first, survives longer in lethal temperatures. This study examined the effect of ambient temperature (5°C-37°C) and acclimation history (lifetime at 10°C or 25°C) on the oxygen consumption rates of 8 genotypes of Daphnia with high or low acute temperature tolerance. There were decelerations of respiratory rates across …
Function Of The Posterior Laryngeal Constrictor In The Túngara Frog (Engystomops Pustulosus),
2018
University of the Pacific
Function Of The Posterior Laryngeal Constrictor In The Túngara Frog (Engystomops Pustulosus), Ashna Rahman Haque, Marcos Gridi-Papp
Pacific Research & Scholarship Day
No abstract provided.
Effects Of A Form Of Equine-Facilitated Learning On Heart Rate Variability, Immune Function, And Self-Esteem In Older Adults,
2018
University of Arizona
Effects Of A Form Of Equine-Facilitated Learning On Heart Rate Variability, Immune Function, And Self-Esteem In Older Adults, Ann L. Baldwin, Barbara K. Rector, Ann C. Alden
People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice
Equine-facilitated learning (EFL) helps people access their immediate sensations and feelings because horses, as prey animals, are continually aware of their environment and provide instant feedback to human behaviors and emotions. We hypothesize that during EFL, older people become more aware of their bodily sensations and emotions, leading to increased heart rate variability (HRV), improved self-esteem (Rosenberg scale), and improved immune function. Twenty-four subjects (age > 55) participated in a single 15-minute EFL activity, Con Su Permiso, during which they focused on their bodily sensations and the responses of the horse as they moved toward and around the horse. Subjects …
Determining The Effects Of Quercetin On Cadmium Toxicity In Kidney Cells,
2018
Bellarmine University
Determining The Effects Of Quercetin On Cadmium Toxicity In Kidney Cells, Elizabeth Dugan
Undergraduate Theses
Cadmium is a heavy transition metal that causes kidney disease via prolonged, low-level exposure due to circulating metallothioneins. These proteins transport cadmium ions to the proximal convoluted tubule, where they induce the creation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative damage from ROS can lead to kidney dysfunction and eventually failure. Previous studies have shown that antioxidants, including quercetin, which is found in most fruits and vegetables, can lessen cadmium-induced toxicity. In this study, human embryonic kidney cells were pretreated for one hour with varying concentrations of quercetin ranging from 10 - 100 μM. This was followed by 24-hour treatment with …
Reconstitution Of Gabaergic Postsynapses In Host Cells,
2018
University of Connecticut
Reconstitution Of Gabaergic Postsynapses In Host Cells, Karthik Kanamalla
Honors Scholar Theses
Type A GABA receptors (GABAARs) can be found embedded in postsynaptic membranes or in a variety of extrasynaptic locations. Receptors with synaptic function are recruited to the postsynapse by submembranous scaffolds composed of gephyrin and collybistin (CB). This study was aimed at assessing whether the ability to interact with the scaffold differentiates synaptic from non-synaptic receptors. Using HEK293 cells as an expression system, and indirect immunofluorescence (IF), co-localization of extrasynaptic receptors α1β3δ and α4β3δ with the CB-gephyrin scaffold was assessed and compared with that of the synaptic receptor α1β3γ2. Results indicated that both extrasynaptic receptors were able to colocalize with …
The Effect Of Stance Width And Anthropometrics On Joint Range Of Motion In The Lower Extremities During A Back Squat,
2018
School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University
The Effect Of Stance Width And Anthropometrics On Joint Range Of Motion In The Lower Extremities During A Back Squat, Eric Demers, Jonathan Pendenza, Valentin Radevich, Richard Preuss
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 11(1): 764-775, 2018. The purpose of this study was to assess whether changing the stance width has an effect on the range of motion of hip flexion, knee flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion during an unloaded back squat, and whether these joint movements are affected by anthropometric differences. Thirty-two healthy, young adults performed unloaded back squats at three different stance widths, normalized to pelvic width. Joint angles were assessed using electromagnetic motion capture sensors on the sacrum, and thigh, shank and foot of the dominant leg. ANOVA comparison of joint angles for the three stance widths, …
Peak Power Output In Loaded Jump Squat Exercise Is Affected By Set Structure,
2018
Aalborg University
Peak Power Output In Loaded Jump Squat Exercise Is Affected By Set Structure, Nikolaj Koefoed, Mads Lerche, Bjørn K. Jensen, Pia Kjær, Sebastian Dam, Rasmus Horslev, Ernst A. Hansen
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 11(1): 776-784, 2018. A priority in strength and power exercise might be to train with as high quality as possible for the shortest possible duration. In this context, peak power output could reflect quality. Designing an exercise session as a cluster set structure, as compared to a traditional set structure, may be a way to obtain higher peak power output in the session. But it is unknown whether that is obtainable for non-elite individuals performing loaded jump squat exercise. The aim of the present study was therefore to test the hypothesis that peak power output …
The Effects Of Low Dissolved Oxygen Concentrations On Diving Behavior And Lactate Accumulation In Lithobates Pipiens,
2018
College of Saint Benedict/Saint John's University
The Effects Of Low Dissolved Oxygen Concentrations On Diving Behavior And Lactate Accumulation In Lithobates Pipiens, Benjamin R. Thompson, Tristen M. Zimmerman
Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)
Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations in bodies of water can differ based on geographic location, time of day, or even climate change. Because frogs acquire approximately 20% of their oxygen across the skin, decreases in DO could negatively affect diving behavior by increasing reliance on anaerobic metabolism and formation of lactate. To evaluate this possibility, we measured pulmonary and cutaneous oxygen exchange as well as blood lactate levels before and after a 30-minute dive period under both saturated DO (8.341 ± 0.042 mg/L) and low DO conditions (3.918 ± 0.597 mg/L). Although frogs diving in a low oxygen environment tended to …
Evaluation Of A Novel Finite Element Model Of Active Contraction In The Heart,
2018
University of Kentucky
Evaluation Of A Novel Finite Element Model Of Active Contraction In The Heart, Xiaoyan Zhang, Zhan-Qiu Liu, Kenneth S. Campbell, Jonathan F. Wenk
Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications
Finite element (FE) modeling is becoming a widely used approach for the investigation of global heart function. In the present study, a novel model of cellular-level systolic contraction, which includes both length- and velocity-dependence, was implemented into a 3D non-linear FE code. To validate this new FE implementation, an optimization procedure was used to determine the contractile parameters, associated with sarcomeric function, by comparing FE-predicted pressure and strain to experimental measures collected with magnetic resonance imaging and catheterization in the ventricles of five healthy rats. The pressure-volume relationship generated by the FE models matched well with the experimental data. Additionally, …
Selecting The Best Of The Best: Associations Between Anthropometric And Fitness Assessment Results And Success In Police Specialist Selection,
2018
Tactical Research Unit, Bond University
Selecting The Best Of The Best: Associations Between Anthropometric And Fitness Assessment Results And Success In Police Specialist Selection, Robin (Rob) Marc Orr, Erin Caust, Benjamin Hinton, Rodney Pope
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 11(4): 785-796, 2018. To successfully complete specialist police selection, officers must be physically fit. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between performance on selected anthropometric and fitness tests and successful selection into a specialist police unit. Thirty-two male police officers (mean age = 29.48±4.99 years) participated in a Barrier Fitness Assessment (BFA), followed by a Specialist Selection Course (SSC). The BFA spanned two consecutive days of testing (pull-ups, push-ups, seven-stage sit-ups, a timed loaded pack march, a Multi-Stage Fitness Test, an agility run, a lift and carry task and a 300m …
Neuromuscular Adaptations Following Training And Protein Supplementation In A Group Of Trained Weightlifters,
2018
Sacred Heart University
Neuromuscular Adaptations Following Training And Protein Supplementation In A Group Of Trained Weightlifters, Christopher B. Taber, Kevin Carroll, Brad H. Deweese, Kimitake Sato, Charles Stuart, Mary Howell, Kenton Hall, Caleb D. Bazyler, Michael H. Stone
ETSU Faculty Works
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a recovery supplement compared with a placebo on muscle morphology in trained weightlifters. Vastus lateralis and muscle fiber cross sectional area of type I and type II fibers were compared between groups using a series of 2 × 2 (group × time) repeated measure ANOVAs. Both groups on average improved cross-sectional area of the vastus lateralis, type I and type II muscle fibers from pre-to-post but individual response varied within both groups. Greater magnitude of changes in type I and type II muscle fibers were observed for the placebo …
