The Effect Of Foam Rolling Of The Hamstrings On Proprioception At The Knee And Hip Joints,
2019
Barry University
The Effect Of Foam Rolling Of The Hamstrings On Proprioception At The Knee And Hip Joints, Erin David, Tal Amasay, Kathryn Ludwig, Sue Shapiro
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(1): 343-354, 2019. The purpose of this study was to determine the acute effect of hamstring foam rolling on proprioception at the knee and hip joints. Twenty-five participants completed two proprioceptive tests on separate days, in a random order. The joint position matching test used no visual feedback. Participants were verbally guided to a target lunge position, which was maintained for six seconds while right hip and knee angles were recorded. After rest, participants reproduced this position without guidance for six seconds. Three trials were completed at baseline, and zero, 10, and 20 minutes post-intervention. …
The Effects Of Ocular Dominance On Visual Processing In College Students,
2019
James Madison University
The Effects Of Ocular Dominance On Visual Processing In College Students, William Alexander Holland
James Madison Undergraduate Research Journal (JMURJ)
The role of ocular dominance in processing visual memory and analytic tasks is unknown. Research has variably showed both significant effects and no effect of ocular dominance on visual perception, motor control, and sports performance. The goal of this study was to determine if there is a relationship between ocular dominance and visual processing under a variety of computer gaming tasks. This was accomplished by first determining subjects’ ocular dominance through the Miles test, and then examining the subjects’ visual performance on four different Lumosity games under three conditions: left eye, right eye, and both eyes. Results suggest a relationship …
Identification Of The Alternative Oxidase Gene And Its Expression In The Copepod Tigriopus Californicus,
2019
Wilfrid Laurier University
Identification Of The Alternative Oxidase Gene And Its Expression In The Copepod Tigriopus Californicus, Allison Mcdonald, Carly E. Tward, Willie Cygelfarb, Jaspreet Singh
Biology Faculty Publications
In addition to the typical electron transport system (ETS) in animal mitochondria responsible for oxidative phosphorylation, in some species there exists an alternative oxidase (AOX) pathway capable of catalyzing the oxidation of ubiquinol and the reduction of oxygen to water. The discovery of AOX in animals is recent and further investigations into its expression, regulation, and physiological role have been hampered by the lack of a tractable experimental model organism. Our recent DNA database searches using bioinformatics revealed an AOX sequence in several marine copepods including Tigriopus californicus. This species lives in tidepools along the west coast of North …
Association Between Perceived Physical Activity And Cognitive Function In Older Adults,
2019
University of Mississippi
Association Between Perceived Physical Activity And Cognitive Function In Older Adults, Paul D. Loprinzi, Emily Frith
Faculty and Student Publications
© The Author(s) 2018. There is irrefutable evidence that regular participation in physical activity is favorably associated with numerous positive health outcomes, including cognitive function. Emerging work suggests that perceived physical activity, independent of actual physical activity behavior, is inversely associated with mortality risk. In this study, we evaluate whether perceived physical activity, independent of actual physical activity, is associated with cognitive function, a robust indicator of mortality risk. Data from the cross-sectional 1999–2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were employed (N = 2352; 60+ years of age). Actual physical activity was assessed via a validated survey. Perceived physical …
Solution-Focused Therapy Changes Neurophysiological Activation In Collegiate Athletes: An Intervention Study,
2019
George Fox University
Solution-Focused Therapy Changes Neurophysiological Activation In Collegiate Athletes: An Intervention Study, Kyler T. Shumway
Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)
Neurophysiological research has begun to uncover how therapy produces change in the brain. To examine this phenomenon, many studies have controlled for specific symptoms to identify where therapy has the greatest effect (Linden, 2006). In athletic performance, anxiety represents a significant struggle for college athletes (Mabweazara, Leach, & Andrews, 2017). The present study intended to examine the impact of brief therapy on brain activation and competition anxiety in college athletes. A sample of collegiate athletes (n = 17) participated in a pre-post intervention study. Pre- and post-intervention measures included electroencephalogram (EEG), galvanic skin response (GSR), self-report anxiety measures (SAS-2, GAD-7), …
Acute Treadmill Exercise Discriminately Improves The Skeletal Muscle Insulin-Stimulated Growth Signaling Responses In Mice Lacking Redd1,
2019
University of Kentucky
Acute Treadmill Exercise Discriminately Improves The Skeletal Muscle Insulin-Stimulated Growth Signaling Responses In Mice Lacking Redd1, Cory M. Dungan, Bradley S. Gordon, David L Williamson
Physical Therapy Faculty Publications
A loss of the regulated in development and DNA damage 1 (REDD1) hyperactivates mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) reducing insulin‐stimulated insulin signaling, which could provide insight into mechanisms of insulin resistance. Although aerobic exercise acutely inhibits mTORC1 signaling, improvements in insulin‐stimulated signaling are exhibited. The goal of this study was to determine if a single bout of treadmill exercise was sufficient to improve insulin signaling in mice lacking REDD1. REDD1 wildtype (WT) and REDD1 knockout (KO) mice were acutely exercised on a treadmill (30 min, 20 m/min, 5% grade). A within animal noninsulin‐to‐insulin‐stimulated percent change in skeletal muscle …
Revised Scientific Review: Minimum Age For Swim Lessons,
2019
Bowling Green State University - Emeritus Professor, Developmental Aquatic Kinesiology
Revised Scientific Review: Minimum Age For Swim Lessons, Stephen J. Langendorfer Ph.D.
International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education
The question addressed in the original scientific review (2009) was rephrased as Does sufficient scientific evidence exist to support setting a minimum age for swimming lessons? for this triennial review. Addressing the research question is significant because strong differences of opinion about the appropriate age(s) for initiating learn-to-swim lessons have existed among the pediatric medical profession, aquatic professionals and agencies, and proprietary programs and swim schools for over four decades. The question has implications for the appropriate purposes, pedagogies, and outcomes associated with swimming experiences for infants and young children that will be addressed in a subsequent review. The revised …
Human Skeletal Muscle Macrophages Increase Following Cycle Training And Are Associated With Adaptations That May Facilitate Growth,
2019
University of Kentucky
Human Skeletal Muscle Macrophages Increase Following Cycle Training And Are Associated With Adaptations That May Facilitate Growth, R. Grace Walton, Kate Kosmac, Jyothi Mula, Christopher S. Fry, Bailey D. Peck, Jason S. Groshong, Brian S. Finlin, Beibei Zhu, Philip A. Kern, Charlotte A. Peterson
Center for Muscle Biology Faculty Publications
Skeletal muscle macrophages participate in repair and regeneration following injury. However, their role in physiological adaptations to exercise is unexplored. We determined whether endurance exercise training (EET) alters macrophage content and characteristics in response to resistance exercise (RE), and whether macrophages are associated with other exercise adaptations. Subjects provided vastus lateralis biopsies before and after one bout of RE, after 12 weeks of EET (cycling), and after a final bout of RE. M2 macrophages (CD11b+/CD206+) did not increase with RE, but increased in response to EET (P < 0.01). Increases in M2 macrophages were positively correlated with fiber hypertrophy (r = 0.49) and satellite cells (r = 0.47). M2c macrophages (CD206+/CD163+) also increased following EET (P < 0.001), and were associated with fiber hypertrophy (r = 0.64). Gene expression was quantified using NanoString. Following EET, the change in M2 macrophages was positively associated with changes in HGF, IGF1, and extracellular matrix genes. EET decreased expression of IL6 (P < 0.05), C/EBPβ (P < 0.01), and MuRF (P < 0.05), and increased expression of IL-4 (P < 0.01), TNFα (P < 0.01) and the TWEAK receptor FN14 (P < 0.05). The change in FN14 gene expression was inversely associated with changes in C/EBPβ (r = −0.58) and MuRF (r = −0.46) following EET. In cultured human myotubes, siRNA inhibition of FN14 increased expression of C/EBPβ (P < 0.05) and MuRF (P < 0.05). Our data suggest that macrophages contribute to the muscle response to EET, potentially including modulation of TWEAK-FN14 signaling.
The Effects Of Beetroot Juice On Vo2max And Blood Pressure During Submaximal Exercise,
2019
Georgia Southern University
The Effects Of Beetroot Juice On Vo2max And Blood Pressure During Submaximal Exercise, Jose M. Perez, John Dobson, Amy Jo Riggs, Greg Ryan
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(2): 332-342, 2019. Beetroot juice (BR) has been shown to reduce blood pressure (BP) at rest and improve several performance parameters during exercise. However, the effect of BR on BP during submaximal exercise has not been investigated and its effects on VO2max are inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of BR on VO2max and BP during submaximal exercise. 20 healthy, recreationally trained volunteers (age 21.8±2.35 years, weight 75.10±10.62 kg, height 177.4±6.39 cm) participated in this study, which had a double-blind placebo controlled randomized crossover design. Participants …
Development Of The Physical Activity Tracking Preference Questionnaire,
2019
Yale School of Public Health
Development Of The Physical Activity Tracking Preference Questionnaire, Emily Fu, Marney A. White, Jaclyn M. W. Hughto, Bella Steiner, Erik Willis
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(5): 297-309, 2019. The present study aims to develop the Physical Activity Tracking Preference Questionnaire (PATPQ), a measure of unit (distance, steps, calories, minutes) preference for tracking physical activity. The PATPQ was developed in two phases. During Phase One, the initial PATPQ was created (24 items), was assessed by an expert panel for face validity, and tested in 557 adults. Results were used to revise and modify the PATPQ. In Phase Two, the item pool was expanded and tested in 374 adults. Kuder‐Richardson Formula 20 scores for internal consistency and interclass correlations for test-retest reliability …
Concordance Among Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Measures Of Percent Body Fat In Athletic Young Adults,
2019
Lenoir-Rhyne University
Concordance Among Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Measures Of Percent Body Fat In Athletic Young Adults, Benjamin M. Carrion, Ashley Wells, Jerry L. Mayhew, Alexander J. Koch
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(4): 324-331, 2019. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the agreement among three bioelectrical impedance analysis devices (BIA) in athletic young adults. Fifty-one participants (26 men and 25 women) were assessed for percent body fat (PBF) using an arm-to-arm bipolar single-frequency device (ABIA), a leg-to-leg single-frequency device (LBIA), and an octopolar multi-frequency BIA device (MFBIA). PBF was measured with the three devices in a randomized, counterbalanced order. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant (p < 0.001) differences in PBF estimates among all devices (ABIA = 19.1 ± 7.2%, LBIA = 21.6 ±7.5%, and MFBIA = 22.9 ± 8.8%). Pearson’s Correlations revealed a strong relationship between ABIA and MFBIA in both men (r = 0.948) and women (r = 0.947) and a moderately-strong relationship between LBIA and MFBIA (r …
Effect Of Self-Selected Music On Affective Responses And Running Performance: Directions And Implications,
2019
University of Utah
Effect Of Self-Selected Music On Affective Responses And Running Performance: Directions And Implications, Nile Brandt, Selen Razon
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(5): 310-323, 2019. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different types of music (i.e., self-selected, researcher-selected, and no music) on affective responses to an exercise task and the subsequent running performance, with an untrained population of college students in a field setting. Twenty-seven college students (17 female, 10 male, Mage = 22.11, SD = 5.12), ran one mile on three separate occasions and either listened to self-selected music, music selected by the researcher (i.e., Audiofuel), or no music at all. Affective responses were assessed before, during, and after …
Critical Power Concept: Males Vs. Females And The Impact Of Muscle Fiber Composition,
2019
Minnesota State University, Mankato
Critical Power Concept: Males Vs. Females And The Impact Of Muscle Fiber Composition, Michael A. Kantor, Jessica Albers, Katelyn Weed, Zachary Erickson
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(4): 277-286, 2019. CP describes the highest metabolic rate resulting in complete oxidative energy provision (steady state). Between the heavy and severe domain of exercise, CP will be surpassed, and the finite work capacity known as W' will be used up. The purpose of the study is to test CP and W’ and its relationship in males and females, while assessing type I and II muscle fiber distribution in the leg. A 3 MT and isokinetic leg dynamometer muscle fiber typing protocol of 25 consecutive leg extensions were completed. W' for the sample (n …
Antioxidant Supplementation Impairs Changes In Body Composition Induced By Strength Training In Young Women,
2019
Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Brasilia, Brazil
Antioxidant Supplementation Impairs Changes In Body Composition Induced By Strength Training In Young Women, Maurilio T. Dutra, Savio Alex, Alyson F. Silva, Lee E. Brown, Martim Bottaro
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(2): 287-296, 2019. Strength training (ST) is known to promote muscle hypertrophy and body composition adaptations. However, only a few studies investigated the effects of ST combined with antioxidant supplementation (AS) on these adaptations. The aim of this study was to investigate chronic effects of ST combined with AS on fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) of young women. In a double-blinded design, thirty-three subjects (22.9 ± 2.5 years, 57.7 ± 8.4 kg, 1.6 ± 0.6 m) were allocated into three groups: 1) vitamins (n=12), 2) placebo (n=11) and 3) control (n=10). Vitamins and …
The Effects Of Self-Presentation To Engage In Physical Activity,
2019
Michigan State University
The Effects Of Self-Presentation To Engage In Physical Activity, Duygu Gurleyik, Alison Ede, Deborah Feltz
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(5): 263-276, 2019. In order to improve physical activity levels, it has previously been suggested that the use of rewards can potentially have an impact on exercise behavior. One type of reward, the opportunity to present a good impression in the eyes of others (e.g., self-presentation), has not been previously examined in an experimental task. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate if linking an exercise task to a prosocial, self-presentational reward in the form of a charitable giving opportunity influences the amount of effort expended in a single bout of exercise on …
Impact Of Psychological And Physical Stressors On The Exercise-Induced Immune Response In Collegiate Swimmers,
2019
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Impact Of Psychological And Physical Stressors On The Exercise-Induced Immune Response In Collegiate Swimmers, Connor Alexander Kuremsky
LSU Master's Theses
Evidence suggests high-intensity exercise training increases incidence of upper respiratory infection in young-adult athletes (Spence et al. 2007). Collegiate athletes experience chronic stress, which has been shown to result in increased proportions of late-differentiated CD8+ T-cells of a dysfunctional phenotype (Bosch et al. 2009). However, many studies fail to consider possible moderators such as psychological stress and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Purpose: To examine the impact of psychological stress, CMV infection, and exercise on proportions of early- and late-differentiated CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in collegiate swimmers over a 7-month training period. Methods: Data were collected from NCAA …
Cerebrovascular Smooth Muscle Cells As The Drivers Of Intramural Periarterial Drainage Of The Brain,
2019
University of Southampton, UK
Cerebrovascular Smooth Muscle Cells As The Drivers Of Intramural Periarterial Drainage Of The Brain, Roxana Aldea, Roy O. Weller, Donna M. Wilcock, Roxana O Carare, Giles Richardson
Physiology Faculty Publications
The human brain is the organ with the highest metabolic activity but it lacks a traditional lymphatic system responsible for clearing waste products. We have demonstrated that the basement membranes of cerebral capillaries and arteries represent the lymphatic pathways of the brain along which intramural periarterial drainage (IPAD) of soluble metabolites occurs. Failure of IPAD could explain the vascular deposition of the amyloid-beta protein as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), which is a key pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease. The underlying mechanisms of IPAD, including its motive force, have not been clarified, delaying successful therapies for CAA. Although arterial pulsations from …
State Population Influences Athletic Performance Combine Test Scores In High School-Aged American Football Players,
2019
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
State Population Influences Athletic Performance Combine Test Scores In High School-Aged American Football Players, Zachary M. Gillen, Marni E. Shoemaker, Brianna D. Mckay, Joel T. Cramer
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(6): 256-262, 2019. This study compared athletic performance differences among high school American football combine participants originating from states of different population sizes. High school-aged American football players (n=7,214) who had participated in athletic performance combines between March 2015 and January 2016 were included in this analysis. Data included combine date and location, school state of origin, football position, class, height, weight, 10-, 20-, and 40-yd dash times, pro-agility, L-cone drill, vertical jump, broad jump, and power push-up. Participants were separated into high- (state population>10,000,000; HIGH; n=2,804), mid- (state population=5,000,000-9,999,999; MID; n=2,911), or low-population …
Physiological And Perceptual Responses To High-Intensity Circuit Training Using Body Weight Resistance Exercise: Are There Sex-Specific Differences?,
2019
Western Kentucky University
Physiological And Perceptual Responses To High-Intensity Circuit Training Using Body Weight Resistance Exercise: Are There Sex-Specific Differences?, Bethanne A. Clayton, Rachel A. Tinius, Lee J. Winchester, Brenna R. Menke, Michelle C. Reece, Jill Maples
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(4): 245-255, 2019. High-intensity circuit training (HICT) using body weight as resistance is a popular fitness trend and an ideal exercise modality in terms of functionality and economy. Given the popularity of HICT, evidence suggests that sex may elicit unique physiological and perceptual responses to this mode of exercise and there is a need for further work in this area. The purpose of this study was to examine physiological and perceptual responses of females and males to HICT using body weight resistance exercise. Forty-five participants (23 females and 22 males) completed baseline testing and a …
Beyond Peak, A Simple Approach To Assess Rowing Power And The Impact Of Training: A Technical Report,
2019
Skidmore College
Beyond Peak, A Simple Approach To Assess Rowing Power And The Impact Of Training: A Technical Report, Julian D. Egan-Shuttler, Rohan Edmonds, Cassandra Eddy, Veronica O’Neill, Stephen Ives
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 12(6): 233-244, 2019. Recently, rowing power has been shown to be a key determinant of rowing performance. However, rowing power testing can vary greatly, and is not standardized. Here we sought to evaluate rowing power over a 15 sec rowing test utilizing a stroke-by-stroke analysis before and after 4 weeks of training in youth rowers. Methods: 18 adolescent male rowers were assigned to complete either 4 weeks of plyometric training (PLYO, n=9), or steady state cycling (Control, n=9), for 30 minutes before on water training three days/week. Each group was matched for training volume. Peak …
