Exercise Physiology Commons^™

Effect Of Single Set Dynamic And Static Stretching Exercise On Jump Height In College Age Recreational Athletes, Jeffrey C. Murphy Dr., Elizabeth F. Nagle, Robert J. Robertson Dr., Jean L. Mccrory Dr.

International Journal of Exercise Science

This study examined the effects of single set dynamic and static stretching on vertical jump height and hip and knee range of motion in a sample of college age recreational males. Forty-two males (aged 18-24) healthy, physically active volunteers participated as subjects in this investigation and were randomly assigned to one of three groups (1 set of 20 seconds dynamic stretch, 1 set of 20 second static stretch, or control). The knee and hip range of motion, sit and reach, and jump height were measured before and after the treatment condition. The same measures were performed on the control group …

Challenging The Accuracy Of A Single-Test Lactate Threshold Protocol In Collegiate Rowers, Erica A. Soma, Michael M. Lockard, Stasinos Stavrianeas

International Journal of Exercise Science

Elite rowers use lactate threshold (LT) estimates as a basis for training intensity in order to achieve the greatest training volume. For convenience, LT is usually determined in a maximal LT/VO_2max test. This simultaneous test is problematic because it requires a large power increment, which may not give the most accurate LT. PURPOSE: To challenge the validity of a simultaneous LT/VO_2max test to estimate LT in rowers. METHODS: Collegiate rowers (n=20, 16F and 4M, age 19.3±1.3 years, height 171.5±7.1 cm, weight 70±14 kg, VO_2max 44.6±5.5 ml•kg^-1•min^-1) performed two LT tests. Participants completed an …

Racial/Ethnic Differences In Bone Mineral Density Of Young Adults, Linda D. Wilkin, Tristan D. Sims, Matthew C. Jackson, Bryan L. Haddock

International Journal of Exercise Science

An estimated 1.5 million people suffer a bone disease-related fracture every year. Most work investigating bone mineral density (BMD) focuses on post-menopausal females but a report from the Surgeon General in 2004 stated that of particular concern are men, racial and ethnic minorities, poor individuals, individuals with disabilities, and individuals living in rural areas. The purpose of this study was to examine the racial/ethnic differences in bone mineral density of young adults and to investigate any correlations with variables suggested to influence BMD. BMD was assessed at a younger age than most studies based on the assumption that osteoporosis is …

The Association Between Soft Drink Consumption And Body Fat In Females Age 16 To 24, Megan M. Costello, Kate A. Heelan, Deborah A. Mowry, Bryce Abbey

International Journal of Exercise Science

American soft drink consumption (SDC) has increased since the 1960’s surpassing all other kinds of beverage consumption. In recent years, the scientific literature has suggested that SDC has been linked to the rising epidemic of obesity in children and adolescents. However, there is lack of information in scientific literature on the effects of SDC on body fat (BF%) in young females. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between SDC and BF% in young women, ages 16-24 years. Sixty-six females were asked to complete a 3-day food record, food frequency questionnaire, and an assessment BF% by dual-energy …

An Investigation Of Lower-Extremity Functional Asymmetry For Non-Preferred Able-Bodied Walking Speeds, John Rice, Matthew K. Seeley

International Journal of Exercise Science

Functional asymmetry is an idea that is often used to explain documented bilateral asymmetries during able-bodied gait. Within this context, this idea suggests that the non-dominant and dominant legs, considered as whole entities, contribute asymmetrically to support and propulsion during walking. The degree of functional asymmetry may depend upon walking speed. The purpose of this study was to better understand a potential relationship between functional asymmetry and walking speed. We measured bilateral ground reaction forces (GRF) for 20 healthy subjects who walked at nine different speeds: preferred, +10%, +20%, +30%, +40%, -10%, -20%, -30%, and -40%. Contribution to support was …

Riding Position And Lumbar Spine Angle In Recreational Cyclists: A Pilot Study., Samantha J. Schulz, Susan J. Gordon

International Journal of Exercise Science

This pilot study investigated the reliability of an inclinometer to assess lumbar spine angle in three different cycling positions, and explored the relationship between lumbar spine angle and riding position, anthropometry, bike measures and low back pain (LBP).

Cyclists were recruited from two cycle clubs. Anthropometric variables and bike set-up were measured before participants’ bikes were secured in a wind trainer. Cyclists then adopted three positions for riding, upright on the handlebars, on the brake levers and on the drops, according to a random allocation. The angle of the lumbar spine was measured, using an inclinometer, at zero minutes and …

Type Of Encouragement Influences Peak Muscle Force In College-Age Women, Ruth M. Amagliani, John K. Petrella, Alan P. Jung

International Journal of Exercise Science

Purpose: To investigate if the type of encouragement during a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) had an influence on peak muscle force in strength-trained versus untrained collegiate women. Methods: Eleven strength-trained (20.4 + 1 yr) and twelve untrained (20.8 + 1 yr) women participated in three, five-second MVICs of seated knee extension. The three trials consisted of verbal only encouragement, verbal + visual encouragement, and verbal + pain avoidance encouragement. In all three trials, the participants received the same verbal encouragement. Trials were counterbalanced to minimize any possible order effects. A repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyze data. Any …

Exercise Science Academic Programs And Research In The Philippines, Norberto Madrigal, Josephine Joy Reyes, Jeffrey Pagaduan, Reil Vinard Espino

International Journal of Exercise Science

In this invited editorial, professors from leading institutions in the Philippines, share information regarding their programs relating to Exercise Science. They have provided information on academic components such as entrance requirements, progression through programs, and professional opportunities available to students following completion; as well as details regarding funding available to students to participate in research, collaboration, and specific research interests.

Full Abstract Program

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

2010 International e-Conference on Kinesiology and Integrated Physiology. Full Abstract Program.

A Phenomenological Investigation Of Women's Experiences With Personal Training, Melissa N. Madeson, Cherilyn Hultquist, Amy Church, Leslee A. Fisher

International Journal of Exercise Science

Personal training is a rapidly growing industry in a country that is in dire need of physical fitness and health improvements. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to better understand women’s experiences with personal training. To address the research question, eight female participants ages 24 to 54 years were interviewed using the following phenomenological question: “When you think about your current experience with personal training what stands out for you?” The interviews were conducted, transcribed, and qualitatively analyzed to identify themes in participants’ responses. The ground that emerged was positive experience within which existed four figural themes: Relationships, trainer …

The Impact Of A Pilot Community Intervention On Health-Related Fitness Measures In Overweight Children, Jenny G. Hutchens, Jennifer L. Caputo, Janet M. Colson, Richard S. Farley, Matthew S. Renfrow, Eric P. Seguin

International Journal of Exercise Science

The purpose of this study was to pilot a 5-week community-based intervention on improving measures of health-related fitness in overweight children. Data were obtained from 8 overweight and obese 8- to 14-year-old children. Measurements included muscular fitness (curl-ups and modified pull-ups), aerobic capacity (20 meter progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run [PACER] test), body composition (tricep and calf skinfolds), body mass index (BMI), and flexibility (back saver sit-and-reach). A significant reduction in BMI was observed at post-test compared to baseline (p = .03). There was a significant decrease in body fat at post-test for boys (p = .013).

Resistance And Aerobic Training Sequence Effects On Energy Consumption In Females, Rachael Cutts, Steve Burns

International Journal of Exercise Science

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of sequence of resistance and aerobic training on energy consumption on sedentary overweight females. Methods: Participants were 15 sedentary overweight females (age = 28.6 ±12 yrs; BMI = 28.1±7.8) Subjects did a counterbalanced intervention: resistance training (circuit training) first (intervention RT) or aerobic exercise first (intervention AT), while oxygen consumption was continuously measured for 80 min. Subjects performed a warm-up on the treadmill at 40% of their heart rate reserve for 5 minutes, then for 30 minutes did continuous walking or jogging on the treadmill at ~67% of their …

Longitudinal, Diet-Induced Weight Gain Is Associated With Increased Blood Monocytes And Reduced Tlr4 Expression, Kelley Strohacker, Richard J. Simpson, Katie C. Carpenter, Whitney L. Breslin, Brian K. Mcfarlin

International Journal of Exercise Science

Excessive weight gain increases systemic inflammation resulting in increased disease risk. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) reportedly mediates increases in inflammation; however, its role has not been fully evaluated. Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine the longitudinal effect of diet-induced weight gain on blood monocyte concentration and cell-surface TLR4 expression. Research Methods & Procedures. Male CD-1 mice were randomly assigned to high-fat (HF, n = 12) or low-fat (LF, n = 13) groups. Non-lethal, saphenous vein blood samples were collected at 0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment. Three-color flow cytometry was used to measure monocyte (CD11b+/CD14+) …

Does A Physical Education Bout Alter Percent Body Fat And The Adiposity Health Risk Classification When Using Leg-To-Leg Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis In Girls?, Elise Fitzgerald, Angela Fatool, Curt B. Dixon, Joseph L. Andreacci

International Journal of Exercise Science

Purpose: The purposes of this investigation were to determine: 1) whether a structured in-school physical education exercise bout altered percent body fat (%BF) determined by leg-to-leg bioelectrical impedance analysis (LBIA); and 2) whether the potential exercise-induced %BF magnitude of change altered the health risk classification of the child. Methods: Seventy-six girls (age: 12.2 ± 1.0 yr; height: 153.9 ± 7.5 cm; body mass: 51.9 ± 15.5 kg; BMI: 21.7 ± 5.4 kg/m2) participated in this investigation. LBIA measured %BF values were obtained immediately before and within five minutes after completing a structured, in-school, physical education class. Results: Significant reductions (p < 0.0001) in mean %BF (25.0 ± 10.2 vs. 24.4 ± 10.3 %) were observed for the group following the physical education class. For the majority of the girls (88%), the %BF alteration was less than ± 2.0 %BF. More specifically, the %BF magnitude of change was ± 1.0 %BF in 64.5% of the girls, between 1.1 and 2.0 %BF in 23.7% of the girls, and by more than 2.0 %BF in 11.8% of the girls. Regardless of the %BF magnitude of change, all girls remained in the same adiposity classification category (healthy vs. unhealthy body fat) following exercise. Conclusion: Adhering to the pre-test exercise guideline appears unnecessary when using LBIA to categorize the health risk of an adolescent girl.

Does Standing On A Cycle-Ergometer, Towards The Conclusion Of A Graded Exercise Test, Yield Cardiorespiratory Values Equivalent To Treadmill Testing?, Joshua Mitchell, William B. Kist, Kendall Mears, Jesse Nalls, Kyle Ritter

International Journal of Exercise Science

Graded exercise testing (GXT), per a cycle-ergometer (CE), offers safety and monitoring advantages over treadmill (TM) GXT. Unfortunately, CE-VO2max and some other cardiorespiratory (CR) variables are frequently lower than TM-GXT values. It has been difficult to compare TM and CE-GXT values. However, it was hypothesized that standing towards the conclusion of the CE-GXT (Stand-CE) might increase CE values to those equal to TM-GXT. If Stand-CE and TM-GXT CR values were equal, Stand-CE-GXT could become the method of choice for GXT for the general population. The purpose of this investigation was to investigate the effect of Stand-CE on CR variables. An …

Perceived Muscle Soreness In Recreational Female Distance Runners, Dave Burnett, Steve Burns, Kevin Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science

ABSTRACT PERCEIVED MUSCLE SORENESS IN FEMALE RUNNERS D. Burnett†, K. Smith†, S. Burns‡, C. Smeltzer*, K. Young†. Health and Human Performance. University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, Mo; email: [email protected] Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if rating of perceived exertion correlated with perceived muscle soreness during delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in female runners. This study examined the pre and post running economy measures and perceived muscle soreness before and after a 30 minute downhill run (DHR) at - 15% grade and 70% of the subjects predetermined maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 peak). Methods: Six female recreational runners …

Monitoring Training Load In Indian Male Swimmers., Pralay Majumdar Dr., Sri Vidhya Jr.

International Journal of Exercise Science

The present study was taken up to monitor the training load and the impact of training load to the hormone concentrations such as testosterone, cortisol and T/C (Testosterone/Cortisol) ratio during the three phases of training viz preparatory phase, pre-competitive phase and competitive phase in Indian male swimmers. Blood samples were collected at the completion of each phase and the hormone concentrations were quantified. Our results reveal that the testosterone and T/C ratio significantly decreases whereas cortisol increases in the subsequent periodised cycle and concludes that the hormone concentration changes with the intensity and duration of exercise i.e. when the intensity …

Association Of Body Surface Area And Body Composition With Heart Structural Characteristics Of Female Swimmers, Bahreh Sheikh Saraf, Hojat Allah Nikbakht, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani

International Journal of Exercise Science

In healthy nonathletic populations, some left ventricle (LV) parameters such as LV mass (LVM) and LV end diastolic dimension (LVEDD) can be predicted by some of body size parameters such as body surface area (BSA), fat-free mass (FFM), and height (H). These body size parameters use to remove covariate influence of body size from cardiac dimension variables and allow comparisons to be made between individuals and groups of different body size. Endurance exercise has been associated with changes in LV size and body composition of athletes. The aim of this study was to evaluate in 30 trained female swimmers (age …

Objective And Subjective Assessments Of ‘Normal’ Walking Pace, In Comparison With That Recommended For Moderate Intensity Physical Activity, Kathryn L. Taylor, Claire Fitzsimons, Nanette Mutrie

International Journal of Exercise Science

Abstract Despite its common application and widely reported health benefits, walking, in relation to pace and intensity, is under-researched. Few studies have addressed whether people normally walk at a pace which meets the public health recommendations for moderate intensity physical activity (1.34-1.79 ms-1) and there is no known research on individuals’ perceptions of factors which influence walking pace. This study aimed to objectively assess if participants were reaching the pace required for moderate intensity physical activity during ‘normal’ walking. This was examined via a Global Positioning System (GPS) over a 1 km outdoor walk and a timed 150 m trial. …

Prevalence Of Plagiarism In Manuscript Submissions And Solutions, Brian K. Mcfarlin, T Scott Lyons, James W. Navalta

International Journal of Exercise Science

No abstract provided.