Exercise Physiology Commons^™

The Effect Of Kipping On The Performance Of A Pull-Up, John D. Prater, Jimmy Smith, Scott P. Mclean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The high prevalence of obesity and sedentary lifestyle contribute to the growing burden of health care costs, incidence of disease, and mortality, making a lifestyle that includes regular physical activity increasingly important. Low intensity resistance training has been studied as a possible intervention to increase physical activity in inactive individuals. To determine the effects of a weighted vest treatment (WV) on steady state VO2, O2 deficit, VO2max, body mass index (BMI), and resting blood pressure (RBP). Fourteen college age women participated in a 4 week trial and completed both pre and posttest evaluations. These evaluations included a submaximal exercise bout, …

Effect Of Adopting An External Focus On The Acquisition Of A Motor Sequence, Katherine Mcdonald

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Introduction. Numerous factors make the acquisition of choreography difficult for students, however, contemporary motor learning theory offers insight into tools instructors can use to make the process of acquisition less frustrating for students. Previous research suggests that for the purposes of acquiring skill at a single task, e.g., shooting a basketball, it is optimal for the student to adopt an external focus, rather than an internal focus or no focus at all. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of an external focus on the acquisition of a motor sequence. Methods. 18 university students were assigned …

Hemodynamics At Maximum Exercise And Exercise Recovery In Freshman Football Recruits At A Bcs School, Krystal Doughty, Steven Martin, Brad Lambert, Jon Oliver, David Wier, John Tanguay, Justin Dobson, Katie Mccammon, S.F Crouse Facsm, J.S. Green Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

To determine if blood pressures assessed during max exercise and exercise recovery differ in Freshman football player recruits classified according to body mass index categories (BMICAT). A group of 107 freshman football recruits (mean age=18.2yrs, mean height=187.2 cm, mean weight = 103.0 kg, mean BMI=27.4 kg/meters squared, mean percent fat= 18.3%.) underwent graded exercise testing on a treadmill. Height and weight were assessed and BMI was calculated as weight (kg) / height (m) squared. All 97 subjects were classified as either “normal weight”(NW) (N=38), “overweight” (OW)(N=41) or “obese” (OB)(N=28) according to the National Institutes of Health guidelines. Body fat percentage …

Active V. Passive Recovery: The Most Effective Level Relative To Swimming Performance, Kassie Krusely, Scott Mclean, Jimmy Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

To examine the effects of active recovery at two levels of intensity, as compared to passive recovery, on subsequent performance. Four male (height, 174.4 ± 8.1 cm; body mass, 73.5 ± 5.6 kg) and five female (height, 164.1 ± 7.9 cm; body mass, 65.0 ± 4.9 kg) members of a collegiate swim team participated in this study. All participants completed three randomly assigned experimental sessions that consisted of a 100-yd maximal-effort swim (TT1) followed by a 10 min recovery period at a specified intensity, and a subsequent 100-yard maximal effort swim (TT2). The PAS recovery condition involved passively resting on …

The Effects Of An Obesogenic Diet On Liver Oxysterol Metabolism In C57bl/6j Mice, Joshua S. Wooten, Huaizhu Wu, Joe L. Raya, Amir Mansoori, Xiao-Yuan Dai Perrard, Jerry Perrard, Ron C. Hoogeveen

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Oxysterols are key regulators of lipid metabolism and play a role in the etiology of atherosclerosis; however, our current understanding of tissue levels of oxysterols during different disease states such as obesity is limited. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of obesity induced by a high fat-cholesterol (HFC) diet on liver oxysterol metabolism. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a standard control diet (5.0% w/w fat, 0.03% w/w chol) or a HFC (21.0% w/w fat, 0.15% w/w chol) diet for 24 weeks. Comparisons between dietary groups were made with independent sample t-tests. Total body mass and …

Predictors Of Employee Adherence To Worksite Weight Loss Exercise And Nutrition Program, Brittany Crim, John Bartholomew

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Background: Worksite wellness programs (WWP) are becoming a popular means of addressing the obesity epidemic due to their convenience and potential benefit to insurance costs. Unfortunately, few have been evaluated. GET FIT (GF) is a theory-based, worksite exercise and nutrition program that is designed to prevent and treat obesity. Purpose: Adherence is the primary predictor of success to a weight loss program. This study was designed to identify predictors of: adherence to GF; and weight loss in conjunction with GF. Methods: Data was collected for 175 participants (n = 133 female). The mean age was 44.21 yrs. (+/-12.04). Body weight …

The Effect Of Short And Long Recovery Periods On The Contribution Of Oxidative Processes To Energy Expenditure During Multiple Bouts Of Supramaximal Exercise, Eric C. Olson, Kenneth V. Christensen, Adam Jajtner, Jen Copeland, Matt Unthank, Joel B. Mitchell

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Effect of Short and Long Recovery Periods on the Contribution of Oxidative Processes to Energy Expenditure During Multiple Bouts of Supramaximal Exercise

Olson, E. (undergraduate), Christensen, K., Jajtner, A., Copeland, J., Unthank, M., and Mitchell, J. Exercise Physiology Lab, Texas Christian University, Ft. Worth, TX.

The contribution of oxidative energy production to multiple sprint exercises is of interest due to implications for the training needs of people engaging in anaerobic activities. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of short and long active recovery durations on oxidative and anaerobic contributions to energy output during maximal …

Effects Of Multiple Bouts Of Long-Duration Hindlimb Unloading And Recovery On Rat Plantaris Muscle, Emily E. Jaroszewski, Kevin L. Shimkus, Yasaman Shirazi-Fard, Harry A. Hogan, James D. Fluckey

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Exposure to microgravity results in a rapid reduction of muscle mass. However, few studies exist designed to examine the effects of multiple long-term exposures to microgravity with alternating recovery periods on skeletal muscle. To determine what happens to the recovery of skeletal muscle when faced with subsequent unloading and recovery periods. Male Sprague-Dawley (6 mo) were assigned to the following groups as shown in figure 1 below: 28d hindlimb unloading (1HU), 28d HU session followed by a 56d recovery bout of normal cage ambulation at 1g (1HU+REC), 2 cycles of 28d HU with a 56d recovery period between unloadings (2HU), …

Artificial Sweetener Sensing In The Human Mouth And Effect On Exercise Performance, James Mock

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Many studies have suggested that oral rinsing of a sweet carbohydrate can positively affect exercise performance by stimulating reward centers in the brain. However, few studies have been performed which compared the effects of a sweet carbohydrate with a sweet artificial sweetener. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a sweet carbohydrate rinse, an artificial sweetener rinse, and a water rinse on exercise performance. Eight college students completed a ten-minute trial ride and were able to perform significantly more work when rinsing with the carbohydrate or artificial sweetener rinses (Total work= 116.63 (20.3) kJ p=0.003, 117.04 …

Physical, Cardiovascular, & Metabolic Effects Of Non-Exercise Weighted Vest Training, Mattie A. Mccain, Scott P. Mclean Phd, Jimmy C. Smith Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Introduction: The high prevalence of obesity and sedentary lifestyle contribute to the growing burden of health care costs, incidence of disease, and mortality, making a lifestyle that includes regular physical activity increasingly important. Low intensity resistance training has been studied as a possible intervention to increase physical activity in inactive individuals. Purpose: To determine the effects of a weighted vest treatment (WV) on steady state VO2, O2 deficit, VO2max, body mass index (BMI), and resting blood pressure (RBP). Methods: Fourteen college age women participated in a 4 week trial and completed both pre and posttest evaluations. These evaluations included a …

Effects Of Aging On Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation In Cerebral Arteries, Amanda De Jong, Landon Evans, Elisa Boyd, Scott A. Spier

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) decreases with aging. This reduction may be due to a diminished endothelium-dependent vasodilation in large cerebral arteries with aging in the absence of disease. The posterior communicating arteries (PCoA) supply blood flow to the midbrain areas where age-related regional decreases in blood flow have been observed. Furthermore, the PCoA appear to be clinically relevant in age-related cerebrovascular disorders. However, age-related changes in the vasoreactivity of PCoA have not been investigated in the absence of disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of aging on endothelium-dependent vasodilation of PCoA in rats. Posterior …

Vitamin D Status Relative To Diet, Lifestyle, Injury, And Illness In College Athletes, Tanya M. Halliday, Nikki J. Peterson, Joi J. Thomas, Kent Kleppinger, Bruce W. Hollis, D. Enette Larson-Meyer

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Vitamin D deficiency is endemic in the general population; however, there is much to be learned about the vitamin D status of athletes. Purpose: The purposes of this study were to assess the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in collegiate athletes and to determine whether 25(OH)D concentrations are related to vitamin D intake, sun exposure, body composition, and risk for illness or athletic injury. Methods: 25(OH) vitamin D concentrations were measured in 41 athletes (18 men/23 women, 12 indoor/29 outdoor athletes) throughout the academic year. Dietary intake and lifestyle habits were assessed via questionnaire, bone density was measured by dual …

Ros-Mediated Localization Of Caveolin-3 In The Sarcolemma During Short-Term Mechanical Unloading, Jeff M. Hord, Mary Kunst, Kumar Joshi, Yang Lee, Daniel A. Martinez, John M. Lawler

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The dystroglycan complex (DGC) is a latticework of cell membrane proteins that provide a mechanical link to the cytoskeleton and initiate cell signaling that provides integrity, regulates protein turnover, stimulates growth, etc. Caveolin-3 has been identified as a muscle-specific isoform of the caveolin family of proteins, and in skeletal muscle, caveolin-3 is localized in caveolae within the sarcolemma. Evidence from Duchenne and Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophies suggests the involvement of caveolin-3 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the disruption of the DGC and thus myopathy. We examined ROS as upstream activators of caveolin-3 sarcolemmal localization in skeletal muscle during disuse atrophy. …

Effect Of Text Messaging And Cellphone Use On A Multi-Sensory Tracking Task, John-Paul Connell, Carla Brown, Chelsey Hannah, Shane Huff, Dr. Scott Marzilli

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

This experiment studied subjects’ performance on a continuous multisensory tracking task. Different theories suggest that there is a decrease in performance due to attentional capacity; furthermore, talking or texting on a mobile phone will negatively affect task performance. Twenty-four college-age students were recruited to be tested on the Biodex Balance System SD with the texting condition, talking on a mobile phone condition, and control condition. Results showed that text messaging while performing a continuous multisensory tracking task negatively affected performance. There was no significant difference, however, between the control condition and talking on a mobile phone while completing the task. …

Promoting Awareness Of Healthy Eating And Physical Activity In Hispanic Women To Reduce Cancer Risk, Donaji Stelzig, Nathalie Folch, Norma Olvera

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Latino population is one of the fastest growing minority groups in the United States. As the Latino population continues to increase, chronic diseases such as cancer and obesity will increase. Thus, the development of interventions that promote awareness of healthy eating and an active lifestyle among Latinos are greatly needed. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a community-based wellness intervention for Latino women in promoting healthy eating and physical activity. Method: Twenty-four Latino women between the ages 30-65 years participated in a eight-week intervention that included nutrition education focusing on nutrition labeling, selecting healthy food …

Community Support, School Health Programs, And Effective Management On Childhood Obesity, Ling Zhu, Breanca Thomas

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

No Abstract

Introducing “Symbolic Weightism”: Discourses Of Agency And Morality In Obesity Stigma, Meredith B. Stockton

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Title: INTRODUCING “SYMBOLIC WEIGHTISM”: DISCOURSES OF AGENCY AND MORALITY IN OBESITY STIGMA

Author: Meredith B. Stockton, MS

Affiliations: Institute of Social Psychology, London School of Economics and Political Science

Purpose: With the increasing obesity rates in the United States and the United Kingdom, the number of weight-based discrimination cases continues to rise. This study compares obesity stigma to racial stigma, a link first proposed by Crandall (1994), to frame weight-based discrimination as an equally legitimate and severe form of prejudice. Method: Using a social psychological perspective, a thematic and critical discourse analysis was conducted on 170 YouTube video comments and …

Community Based Nutritition Education: A Model For Raising Awareness Of Childhood Obesity, Selina M. Ahmed

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Background: Since 2003, Texas Southern University has coordinated conferences to educate Houston’s Third Ward community about strategies to combat childhood obesity. Presenters included faculty and students as speakers and activity coordinators. Participants indicated that these conferences are helpful in increasing awareness of health problems and the availability of community health resources. Purpose: To address the high rate of childhood obesity in Houston’s Third Ward and its costs in terms of health and long-term productivity on that community, faculty at Texas Southern University (TSU) coordinated annual conferences to educate community members about strategies to combat childhood obesity. Methods: Seven conferences intended …

Is There Less Access To Quality Grocery Stores In Minority And Poor Neighborhoods In Houston, Texas?, Chin-Hsing Chen, Lei Zhou, Deborah Banerjee, Monica Slentz

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: There has been an enormous increase in obesity and diet-related diseases in the past decade. Limited access to nutritious foods and easier access to unhealthy foods is believed to be among those at fault. However, access to healthy foods, although studied extensively, does not have a standard measure and is conceptualized in multiple ways by researchers. The relationships between availability of quality grocery store and the socio-demographic profile of the neighborhood are not well understood, particularly in an ethnically and socially diverse city, such as Houston. Our study aims to explore the relationships between distribution of small, medium or …

Engaging Latino Adolescent Girls In Physical Activity Intervention Planning In A Low-Income, Urban Environment, Laura A. Esparza, Daisy Y. Morales-Campos, Cynthia M. Mojica, Deborah Parra- Medina

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: Latino adolescent girls are less physically active than the general adolescent population, which puts them at increased risk for obesity and chronic disease. The Physical Activity Partnership for Girls (PG) uses a community-based participatory research approach to assess community needs and priorities related to physical activity (PA) behaviors of middle school girls living in low-income, urban sectors of San Antonio, Texas. Input was sought from girls, parents, and youth-serving agencies serving the community to inform the development of an innovative PA intervention utilizing low-cost, mobile technology (texting) and social media that will be delivered through Girl Scout troops. We …