Animal Sciences Commons^™

What Scatter-Hoarding Animals Have Taught Us About Small-Scale Navigation, Kristy L. Gould, Debbie M. Kelly, Alan Kamil

Avian Cognition Papers

Many animals use cues for small-scale navigation, including beacons, landmarks, compasses and geometric properties. Scatter-hoarding animals are a unique system to study small-scale navigation. They have to remember and relocate many individual spatial locations, be fairly accurate in their searching and have to remember these locations for long stretches of time. In this article, we review what is known about cue use in both scatter-hoarding birds and rodents. We discuss the importance of local versus global cues, the encoding of bearings and geometric rules, the use of external compasses such as the Sun and the influence of the shape of …

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World, Revised Edition [Complete Work], Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

The only one-volume comprehensive survey of the family Anatidae available in English, this book combines lavish illustration with information on the natural history, distribution and status, and identification of all the species.

After an introductory discussion of the thirteen tribes of Anatidae, separate accounts follow for each of the nearly 150 recognized species. These include scientific and vernacular names (in French, German, and Spanish as well as English), descriptions of the distribution of all recognized subspecies, selected weights and measurements, and identification criteria for both sexes and various age classes. The “Natural History” section of each species account considers habitats, …

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Merganettini (Torrent Duck), Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Torrent Duck
This remarkable stream-dwelling duck of the Andean mountains is certainly one of the most specialized of all waterfowl, and in part its anatomical and behavioral specializations have obscured its basic relationships, which appear to be with either the perching ducks or the dabbling ducks. In the absence of definitive evidence, it seems reasonable to maintain a separate tribe for this species, which exists as a series of relatively isolated populations between Venezuela and Tierra del Fuego that vary greatly in male plumage characteristics. Torrent ducks are essentially cavity- or ledge-nesting forms, although only a few nests have been …

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Index, Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

The following index is limited to the species of Anatidae; species of other bird families are not indexed, nor are subspecies included. However, vernacular names applied to certain subspecies that sometimes are considered full species are included, as are some generic names that are not utilized in this book but which are still sometimes applied to particular species or species groups. Complete indexing is limited to the entries that correspond to the vernacular names utilized in this book; in these cases the primary species account is indicated in italics. Other vernacular or scientific names are indexed to the section of …

Waterfowl Of North America: Perching Ducks, Tribe Cairinini, Paul A. Johnsgard

Waterfowl of North America, Revised Edition (2010) by Paul A. Johnsgard

The perching ducks and related gooselike forms are a diverse array of some fourteen species that are largely subtropical to tropical in occurrence. Although they vary in size from as little as about a half a pound in the "pygmy geese" (Nettapus) to more than twenty pounds in the spur-winged geese (Plectropterus), all possess some common features.*These include a tendency toward hole-nesting, especially in trees; sharp claws; associated perching abilities; and long tails that presumably increase braking effectiveness when landing in trees. Nearly all species exhibit extensive iridescent coloration in the body, especially on the upper …

Waterfowl Of North America: Sea Ducks, Tribe Mergini, Paul A. Johnsgard

Waterfowl of North America, Revised Edition (2010) by Paul A. Johnsgard

The sea ducks are a group of mostly arctic-adapted diving ducks that usually winter in coastal waters and typically breed in tundra situations or in northern forests. All twenty species (two of which are now extinct) depend predominantly on animal sources of food, and some feed exclusively on such materials. These foods include shellfish, mollusks, other invertebrates, and aquatic vertebrates such as fish. In general the sea ducks are thus not regarded as highly as table birds as are the surface-feeding ducks and some of the more vegetarian pochard species. Like the pochards, their legs are placed well to the …

Waterfowl Of North America: Black & White Photographs (Following Page 338), Paul A. Johnsgard

Waterfowl of North America, Revised Edition (2010) by Paul A. Johnsgard

Gadwall, Pair
Gadwall, Adult male
Baikal Teal, Pair
American Green-winged Teal, Pair
Baikal Teal, Adult male
American Green-winged Teal, Adult male
Common Mallard, Adult male
Common Mallard, Brooding female
Mexican Mallard, Pair
Florida Mallard, Pair
Northern Pintail, Adult male
Bahama Pintail, Adult male
Garganey, Adult male
Garganey, Pair
Blue-winged Teal, Pair
Cinnamon Teal, Pair
Northern Shoveler, Adult male
Northern Shoveler, Pair
Canvasback, Adult female
Canvasback, Pair
Redhead, Adult male
Redhead, Adult female
Ring-necked Duck, Pair
Ring-necked Duck, Pair
Tufted Duck, Pair
Greater Scaup, Pair
Greater Scaup, Adult male
Lesser Scaup, Pair
American Common Eider, Adult males
American Common Eider, Group …

Cracid News: Bulletin Of The Cracid Group Of The Iucn/Ssc-­‐Wpa Galliform Specialist Group 29-33, 35-36 (2010-2014), Iucn Ssc-Wpa Galliformes Specialist Group

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

Volume 29 (Spring 2010)

In memoriam: Dr. Jesus Estudillo Lopez, Juan Cornejo

Ecology and behavior of the bare-faced curassow (Crax fasciolata) in the Brazilian Pantanal, Arnaud Léonard Jean Desbiez

Algunas características de la población y hábitat de Crax alberti en el Eco-Parque los Besotes, Valledupar–Cesar, Irina Margarita Mendoza Polo, Dewing Miguel Ochoa Ramos, Rafael Antonio Borja Acuña, y Tomas Gutiérrez Hinojosa

Volume 30 (Fall 2010)

Registros de cacería del paujil copete de piedra (Pauxi pauxi) en el extremo norte de la cordillera oriental de los Andes, Colombia, Víctor Setina Liz, Diego J. Lizcano, Milena Morales Sandoval, …

Development And Usage Of Extension’S Horsequest: An Online Resource, E. A. Greene, A. S. Griffin, J. Whittle, C. A. Williams, A. B. Howard, Kathleen P. Anderson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

eXtension (pronounced e-extension) is an online resource transforming how faculty can collaborate and deliver equine education. As the first Community of Practice launched from eXtension, HorseQuest (HQ) offers free, interactive, peer-reviewed, online resources on a variety of equine-related topics at http://www.extension.org. This group has adapted traditional educational content to the online environment to maximize search engine optimization, to be more discoverable and relevant in the online world. This means that HQ resources are consistently being found on the first page of search results. Also, by researching key words searched by Internet users, HQ has guided new content direction and …

Nutritional And Management Methods To Decrease Nitrogen Losses From Beef Feedlots, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Nitrogen losses from open beef feedlots are a concern. Methods that decrease volatilization losses will lead to greater manure N, which is likely to be beneficial in open lot beef operations. Twelve or more pens were dedicated to N research whereby N intake, retention, and excretion were quantified and a mass balance conducted using manure, runoff, soil balance, and loss quantities. The objective was to decrease N volatilization losses or increase manure N or both. Dietary CP affects N excretion and N volatilization losses. Four experiments across 2 yr compared industry average CP (13%) to diets that were phase-fed to …

Evaluation Of In Vitro Gas Production And Rumen Bacterial Populations Fermenting Corn Milling (Co)Products, W. L. Williams, L. O. Tedeschi, Paul J. Kononoff, T. R. Callaway, S. E. Dowd, K. Karges, M. L. Gibson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to evaluate the fermentation dynamics of 2 commonly fed corn (co)products in their intact and defatted forms, using the in vitro gas production (IVGP) technique, and to investigate the shifts of the predominant rumen bacterial populations using the 16S rDNA bacterial tag-encoded FLX amplicon pyrosequencing (bTEFAP) technique. The bTEFAP technique was used to determine the bacterial profile of each fermentation time at 24 and 48 h. Bacterial populations were identified at the species level. Species were grouped by substrate affinities (guilds) for cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, starch, sugars, protein, lipids, and lactate. The 2 (co)products …

Evaluation Of Protein Fractionation And Ruminal And Intestinal Digestibility Of Corn Milling Co-Products, J. M. Kelzer, Paul J. Kononoff, L. O. Tedeschi, T. C. Jenkins, K. Karges, M. L. Gibson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Novel corn milling co-products developed from technological advancements in ethanol production vary widely in chemical composition and nutrient availability. The objectives of this study were to characterize feed protein fractions and evaluate differences in rumen-undegradable protein (RUP) and its digestible fraction (dRUP), amino acid concentration, and in vitro gas production of 7 corn milling co-products. The crude protein (CP; % of dry matter) of co-products was 12.7 for germ, 26.9 for dried distillers grains plus solubles that had no heat exposure before fermentation (DDGS1), 45.4 for highprotein dried distillers grains (HPDDG), 12.7 for bran, 30.2 for wet distillers grains plus …

Utilization Of Nitrogen In Cows Consuming Wet Distillers Grains With Solubles In Alfalfa And Corn Silage-Based Dairy Rations, A. M. Gehman, Paul J. Kononoff

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objectives of this experiment were to determine the effects of forage type on nutrient digestibility, purine derivative excretion, nitrogen utilization, and milk production in dairy cattle consuming rations containing high levels of wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS). Primiparous (n = 8) and multiparous (n = 20) Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square. Animals were fed 1 of 4 treatments during each 21-d period: 1) CONT-CS, 0% WDGS and high corn silage; 2) CONT-AS, 0% WDGS and high alfalfa silage; 3) WDGS-CS, 25% WDGS and high corn silage; and 4) WDGS-AS, 25% WDGS …

Effect Of Dietary Crude Protein Source On Hormone And Follicle Characteristics In Beef Heifers, J. L. Martin, D. M. Larson, H. L. Stroh, Andrea S. Cupp, Richard N. Funston

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Ground, raw soybeans (SB), or dried distillers grain plus solubles (DDGS) were utilized in heifer development diets to determine the effect of dietary fat and protein source on hormone and follicle characteristics and ADG. The experiment was conducted over 2 yr with 100 June-born heifers (199 ± 2 kg initial BW, n = 50 per yr). The experimental periods were 157 and 207 d in yr 1 and 2, respectively. Heifers were provided a dietary supplement (DM basis) of 1.23 kg of SB and 0.40 kg of corn or 1.65 kg of DDGS between weaning and breeding. Estrus was synchronized …

Prediction Of Genetic Values For Feed Intake From Individual Body Weight Gain And Total Feed Intake Of The Pen, A. J. Cooper, Calvin Ferrell, Larry V. Cundiff, L. D. Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Records of individual feed intake (FI) and BW gain (GN) were obtained from the Germ Plasm Evaluation (GPE) program at US Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC). Animals were randomly assigned to pens. Only pens with 6 to 9 steers (n = 289) were used for this study (data set 1). Variance components and genetic parameters were estimated using data set 1. Estimated genetic values (EGV) for FI were calculated by 5 methods using single and 2-trait analyses: 1) individual FI and individual GN, 2) individual FI alone, 3) 2-trait with individual GN but with FI missing, 4) individual GN and …

High-Throughput Sequencing Of The Dba/2j Mouse Genome, Xusheng Wang, Richa Agarwala, John A. Capra, Zugen Chen, Deanna M. Church, Daniel C. Ciobanu, Zhengsheng Li, Lu Lu, Khyobeni Mozhui, Megan K. Mulligan, Stanley F. Nelson, Katherine S. Pollard, Williams L. Taylor, Donald B. Thomason, Robert W. Williams

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The DBA/2J mouse is not only the oldest inbred strain, but also one of the most widely used strains. DBA/2J exhibits many unique anatomical, physiological, and behavior traits. In addition, DBA/2J is one parent of the large BXD family of recombinant inbred strains [1]. The genome of the other parent of this BXD family— C57BL/6J—has been sequenced and serves as the mouse reference genome [2]. We sequenced the genome of DBA/2J using SOLiD and Illumina high throughput short read protocols to generate a comprehensive set of ~5 million sequence variants segregating in the BXD family that ultimately cause developmental, anatomical, …

The Economic Effects Of Sorting Cattle By Weight And Time Of Year Into Different Production Systems1, D. R. Adams, T. J. Klopfenstein, G. E. Erickson, D. R. Mark, Matt K. Luebbe, W. A. Griffin

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A 2-yr study using 288 steers each year was conducted to determine the economic effects of sorting and feeding genetically similar cattle in different production systems. Steers were purchased at weaning in November and assigned randomly into sorted or unsorted groups. Unsorted steers were assigned randomly to 1 of 3 production systems: calf-fed steers (enter feedlot after weaning), summer yearling, or fall yearling; n = 48 steers per system yearly. For sorted steers, the heaviest third were calf fed and the remaining steers grazed cornstalks during winter. After winter grazing, the heaviest half of those steers were fed as summer …

Oxidative Stress In Shaal Sheep Of Different Age Groups, Jamileh Salar-Amoli, Ali Baghbanzadeh

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the etiology and/or progression of a number of diseases and aging. In this cross-sectional study, some oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde [MDA] as a lipid peroxidation biomarker, ferric reducing/antioxidant power [FRAP], and total nonprotein SH groups) in plasma samples of Shaal ewes of different age groups were assessed. For all 3 measured parameters, the youngest age group (10-30 months old) had the lowest amounts. Although FRAP levels increased slightly and age dependently, nonprotein SH group content showed a decreasing trend after a peak in the 31-50 months group. The highest MDA concentration was observed …

Cargo Of Birds To Arkansas, The Hurricanes In 2008 And The Swept Clean Hypothesis, Douglas A. James, Kimberly G. Smith, Joseph C. Neal, John G. Hehr

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Three hurricanes in the hurricane season of 2008 brought to Arkansas several unusual marine and other birds from southerly locations. There were 10 species noted, totaling 44 individual birds. Sooty Terns, numbering 15, were the most numerous. Laughing Gulls were next in abundance. In the mix of birds there was only 1 new species for the state, a Least Grebe. The hurricanes brought vastly different cargos of birds, and two hypotheses relating to how hurricanes transport birds are proposed. The findings supported the "swept clean" hypothesis over the "blown through" hypothesis.

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.