International Relations Commons^™

Political Uncertainty And Firm-Level Stock Market Reactions In The United States, Nozomi Tanaka

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

Political uncertainty has become an increasingly important feature of the global economy, with major geopolitical events often triggering rapid reactions in financial markets. This study examines how geopolitical shocks affect firm-level stock market performance in the United States. Using an event study framework, the analysis evaluates cumulative returns and stock return volatility for fourteen publicly traded firms across nine major geopolitical events between 2016 and 2022, including the Brexit referendum, the U.S.–China trade war, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Russia–Ukraine war.

The results indicate that most firms experienced negative abnormal returns around geopolitical events, suggesting that political uncertainty is generally …

Beyond The Legal Black Hole: Hyper-Legality, Deferral, And Detention In Northeast Syria, Grace T. Harmon

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines the detention of suspected ISIS affiliates and their family members held in facilities administered by the Kurdish-led authorities in North-East Syria. Thousands of foreign nationals remain detained without trial, without repatriation, and in conditions widely criticized as inhumane. Existing scholarship and political discourse often describe these facilities as legal voids, limbo, or black holes where law has broken down or ceased to apply. This thesis challenges that characterization. Rather than existing outside the law, the facilities are governed through overlapping frameworks of international humanitarian law, international human rights law, counterterrorism security resolutions, and domestic laws. I argue …

Egypt’S Accession To Brics: Hedging And Strategic Positioning In A Multipolar Order, Daria Konstantinova

Theses and Dissertations

Amid Egypt’s longstanding, multifaceted cooperation with the U.S. and Western institutions, spanning political support, economic partnerships, and IMF/World Bank programs, 2024 BRICS expansion included Egypt as one of the new group’s members. This move might be explained by leadership strategic vision, domestic constraints, and geopolitical global and regional dynamics. This research explains the drivers behind Egypt’s accession to BRICS and the way this decision reflects Egypt’s strategic positioning in a changing global order, using agency-centered approach and the theoretical framework of strategic hedging.

While existing literature on BRICS expansion partially explains the reasons behind the new members’ accession and its …

The Functioning Of The Refugee Regime In The Global South, Rihem Sejil

Theses and Dissertations

Why do states continue to sign compacts and reaffirm responsibility-sharing, even as protection burdens fall increasingly on the Global South? This thesis argues that this concentration is a direct result of, rather than an exception to, international cooperation. It introduces the concept of "selective cooperation" to explain how states maintain formal commitments to protection while repurposing cooperation: shifting it from a remedial tool designed to assist burdened hosts to one focused on containment and preventing arrivals. Three mechanisms facilitate this shift: donor retrenchment, resettlement contraction, and externalization, with each mechanism closing gaps left by the others. Analyzing cases spanning resettlement, …

Pathways Of Influence: Indigenous Peoples’ Agency And Leadership In Arctic Governance, Justin Barnes

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

For the peoples and communities who have lived in the Arctic since time immemorial, Arctic governance is not only about international cooperation, environmental management, or geopolitical competition. It is also about sustaining and advocating for Indigenous livelihoods, relationships with land and water, rights and responsibilities, and opportunities for future generations – all themes directly affected by political decisions made across local, regional, national, and international levels. This dissertation begins from a central question about how Indigenous Peoples exercise their agency and influence in Arctic governance despite operating within an international system largely organized around states. It examines this phenomenon by …

Us Security Re-Framing On China Peaceful Narrative In The Indo-Pacific Region, Evita Christiana, Idil Syawfi, Kishino Bawono

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

Amerika Serikat pada awalnya menunjukkan sikap kooperatif dengan mendukung liberalisasi ekonomi Tiongkok melalui perjanjian bilateral dan melibatkannya dalam forum multilateral, yang sejalan dengan narasi damai dalam kebijakan luar negeri Tiongkok. Hal ini membuat hubungan Amerika Serikat dan Tiongkok saling menguntungkan. Namun, sikap ini berubah ketika terjadinya krisis ekonomi global 2008 dan ketika Amerika Serikat mengeluarkan strategi Pivot to Asia yang diinisiasi pada tahun 2011, dimana Amerika Serikat menunjukkan sifat yang lebih kompetitif terhadap Tiongkok. Berdasarkan perubahan tersebut, penelitian ini fokus untuk menjawab pertanyaan, “Bagaimana Amerika Serikat membingkai ulang Narasi Damai Kebijakan Luar Negeri Tiongkok di kawasan Indo-Pasifik sebagai ancaman?” Dengan …

Trade Remedies And Export Deflection: Indonesia’S Mozambique Pta In Southern Africa, Ilham Dary Athallah, Hayara Khairia, Tsabita Husna

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

The Indonesia–Mozambique Preferential Trade Agreement (IM-PTA), signed in 2019 and in force since 6 June 2022, is Indonesia’s first bilateral trade agreement with an African state. This article asks how the agreement facilitates the diversification of Indonesian paper exports under trade-remedy pressure and how far Mozambique can function as a gateway to Southern Africa. A qualitative case study and process-tracing design covering 2010–2023 compares the treaty, implementing regulations, trade disputes, official negotiating agendas, and HS 48 (paper articles) export data. The findings show that the IM-PTA’s tariff concessions and rules of origin reduce entry costs in Mozambique and are consistent …

Localising Norms Of Moderate Islam: Lessons From Nahdlatul Ulama In Hong Kong And The United Kingdom, Rumadi Ahmad, Idris Masudi, Muh Afit Khomsani

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This article examines how Nahdlatul Ulama localises moderate Islamic values abroad through its special branches (Pengurus Cabang Istimewa, PCI) in Hong Kong and the United Kingdom. Drawing on Acharya’s theory of norm localisation, it asks how PCI NU in each setting frames the Aswaja values of tasamuh (tolerance), tawassuth (moderation), and tawazun (balance), and how these values condition and account for the differences. The study uses a qualitative comparative design based on in-depth interviews with PCI NU leaders and a literature study. In Hong Kong, where members are mostly Indonesian migrant workers in a semi-authoritarian setting, the organisation operates …

Climate Migration And Reparations: Reflections On The Icj Advisory Opinion On Climate Change, Carmen G. Gonzalez

Pace Environmental Law Review

Climate mobility governance is at an inflection point. Major developments, such as the International Court of Justice (ICJ) Advisory Opinion on climate change, are opening legal pathways to climate reparations and reshaping global policy debates on climate-induced migration. Climate-vulnerable states and peoples are calling for reparations for the intertwined injustices of slavery, colonialism and climate change and for legal frameworks that recognize the right to stay and the right to migrate based on the right to self-determination. This article examines the legal and ethical basis for reparative approaches to climate-induced migration. The article discusses the link between climate change and …

El Golfo De América: Blanquitud, Intervencionismo Y Securitarismo En La Relación Estados Unidos-México, Luis Enrique Escamilla Frías

CUNY Mexican Studies Institute

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

No abstract provided.

List Of Abbreviations

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

No abstract provided.

Foreword, Corey Tazzara

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

No abstract provided.

A Mediterranean Puzzle: Paternity Leave Divergence In Italy And Spain, Ricardo Camacho

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

In 2019, the European Union (EU) adopted legislation establishing the right to paternity leave for fathers and second parents, advancing the equitable distribution of caregiving responsibilities and gender equality in labor markets. This paper examines why Italy and Spain—two Southern European Member States with shared historical, cultural, and religious legacies—have diverged significantly in their paternity leave entitlements: Spain offers nineteen weeks of full-paid paternity leave, while Italy provides just two. This paper finds that Spain’s more expansive paternity leave policy reflects higher levels of descriptive representation, effective interest group dynamics, and positive policy framing, with institutional design and cultural norms …

Best For Denmark: Monetary Sovereignty And Nationhood In Denmark’S Campaign For Euro Membership, 1999-2000, Maria S. Cheng

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

This mixed-methods, analytical-empirical paper traces the development of the 2000 Danish euro referendum. Despite its long-term fixed exchange rate, Denmark opted out of Economic and Monetary Union in 1993 and rejected euro membership in 2000 through a series of national referenda. This apparent contradiction raises the question of how political elites of the time framed the preservation of a national currency constrained by its choice of monetary regime. I argue that, as they grappled with the nascent euro’s uncertainties, the Social Democrat government sought to redefine Danish sovereignty from that of isolationism to a concept only realized through European regionalism. …

Explaining Divergent Healthcare Entitlements For Undocumented Migrants: A Comparative Analysis Of Spain And Denmark, Jimin Jeong

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

This paper examines the puzzling divergence in healthcare entitlements for undocumented migrants in Spain and Denmark. Despite being a wealthy social democratic welfare state, Denmark restricts undocumented migrants to emergency-only care. Spain, a Mediterranean welfare state with fewer resources and a larger undocumented population, extends universal access to healthcare. This paper evaluates six theoretical explanations from the social policy scholarship to explore why Spain has adopted more generous healthcare entitlements for undocumented migrants than Denmark. The findings suggest that three mechanisms play the most significant role in explaining these differences: party configuration, elite framing, and the strength of interest group …

Converging, But Not Together: Regional Growth After Eu Enlargement, Armine Kardashyan

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

Using annual NUTS-3 data for eleven Central and Eastern European member states from 2000 to 2023, this paper studies whether regional catch-up after EU enlargement reflects absolute or conditional convergence. I estimate rolling ten-year convergence regressions within a steady-state framework in which regional GDP per capita depends on investment, human capital, and EU exposure. The results show strong conditional convergence during the early and middle phases of enlargement: Regions above their predicted steady states grow more slowly, consistent with adjustment toward heterogeneous long-run targets. This relationship weakens over time and becomes statistically indistinguishable from zero in later windows. Absolute convergence …

Slow Violence In French Polynesia: Where The Cold War Got Hot, Gillian G. Maynard

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

Between 1966 and 1996, France conducted a series of atmospheric and underground nuclear tests on the atolls of Mururoa and Fangataufa, exposing Polynesian communities to radioactive fallout. The paper seeks to illustrate how France’s nuclear testing program in French Polynesia produced gendered and slow forms of violence extending long after the cessation of testing. Combining environmental history, feminist political ecology, and the analysis of declassified government documents, the paper traces how radioactive contamination entered food systems, damaged reef geology, and generated intergenerational health burdens. The paper additionally examines the gendered impacts of radiation exposure, arguing that Polynesian women experienced a …

Iran Strikes And Shifting Sands: America And A Remade Middle East, Jeffrey Feltman

Brookings Scholar Lecture Series

As part of the Brookings Scholar Lecture Series, Brookings Fellow in Foreign Policy Jeffrey Feltman discusses the post-Iran war landscape, new regional alignments, and the impact on U.S. interests and relations. We are living through what could be the most transformative period in the Middle East since the Iranian Revolution of 1979. New, informal alliances are scrambling traditional politics, while longstanding diplomatic taboos (such as prohibiting direct Israeli-Lebanese negotiations) are tossed aside. Syria, its transitional leadership embraced by the Trump Administration, no longer serves as Iran’s land bridge to Hezbollah but risks becoming a flashpoint in escalating Israeli-Turkish tensions. Middle …

All That Glitters Is Not Gold: Consuelo Vanderbilt And Transatlantic Marriages In The Gilded Age, Katie M. Cassady

Bound Away: The Liberty Journal of History

Between 1865 and the onset of World War I, wealthy American women increasingly married titled European men. These marriages played a critical role for both parties: the newly moneyed elite asserted its claim to social status, and depleted European nobility regained the funds so essential to their longevity. By 1915, 454 American heiresses had married into the European aristocracy. In one famous example, Consuelo Vanderbilt was forcibly wed to the ninth Duke of Marlborough. As the Vanderbilt family labored to assimilate themselves into old-money New York society, the opportunity to tie their family name to English nobility could catapult the …

Diaspora Activism Of The Ukrainian Congress Committee Of America Since The 2022 Russian Invasion, Nadejda K. Marinova

Political Science Faculty Research Publications

This paper focuses on the Ukrainian Congress Committee of America (UCCA), an organization actively advocating for Ukraine since the 2022 Russian invasion. UCCA is an association of 29 secular, religious, cultural and professional diaspora organizations. Established in 1940, its wide-ranging representation makes it a unique case study for analyzing how 1.2 million Ukrainian-Americans have responded to the Russian invasion. The paper posits that the Ukrainian diaspora has been very active in humanitarian initiatives, in conjunction with the Ukrainian World Congress, as well as in media outreach, public and Congressional advocacy and organized demonstrations. UCCA’s activities illustrate diaspora philanthropy and diaspora …

Editor's Note, Leandrit Mehmeti

Journal of Peace, Conflict, and Security Studies

This issue of the Journal of Peace, Conflict and Security Studies (JPCSS) marks the beginning of the journal’s second volume. Building on the foundations established during our first year of publication, Volume 2, Issue 1 continues our commitment to providing a multidisciplinary platform for scholarship addressing contemporary questions of peace, conflict, security, statehood and international affairs

Muharremi, Robert, And Alisa Ramadani. Transforming A Guerrilla Into A Regular Army: From The Kosovo Liberation Army To The Army Of The Republic Of Kosovo. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2024., Besa Kabashi Ramaj

Journal of Peace, Conflict, and Security Studies

Robert Muharremi and Alisa Ramadani’s Transforming a Guerrilla into a Regular Army: From the Kosovo Liberation Army to the Army of the Republic of Kosovo seeks to provide an accessible, academic narrative of Kosovo’s security transformation. It traces the evolution from the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), through the Kosovo Protection Corps (KPC), to the current Kosovo Security Force (KSF). The result of this evolution is a military force which today holds a full-fledged defense mission.

Visoka, Gëzim. The Derecognition Of States. Ann Arbor: University Of Michigan Press, 2024., Aidan Hehir

Journal of Peace, Conflict, and Security Studies

Gëzim Visoka describes the derecognition of states as “a puzzling feature in world politics” (p. 114). This is certainly true. For many decades derecognition was a peripheral concern given it was rarely practiced after the UN was established in 1945; one notable exception being the derecognition of Taiwan, which has been ongoing since the 1950s. In recent years, however, it has become of significantly greater interest as it has become more common; of the five cases Visoka examines – Taiwan, Western Sahara, Abkhazia, South Ossetia, and Kosovo – four are very definitely products of the post-Cold War era. Despite this, …

Hehir, Aidan. Kosovo And The “Internationals”: Hope, Hubris, And The End Of History. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2024, Sead Zimeri

Journal of Peace, Conflict, and Security Studies

Hope is enjoying a scholarly renaissance. Building on the “standard account” of hope as a desire for an outcome believed to be possible, recent work by Luc Bovens, Victoria McGeer, Adrienne Martin, Darrel Moellendorf, Michael Milona, and Katie Stockdale has refined the concept, distinguishing it from optimism and expectation, and asking when hoping is rational and what it requires. Yet this literature has remained largely within moral psychology; sustained tests against concrete political history are rare. Conversely, the enormous literature on humanitarian intervention and state-building has had much to say about power, legitimacy, and paternalism, and almost nothing about hope. …

Global Tax Governance And The Digital Economy: The Limits Of Democratizing From Below?, Yujia He, Michael Tyrala

Patterson School of Diplomacy and International Commerce Faculty Publications

As Big Tech firms exploit existing rules to minimize their tax obligations, calls to reform the institutions of global tax governance that have historically favored capitalist elites in advanced economies have amplified. Progressive movements have garnered international pressure on the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to undertake major reforms and address uneven power relations in international negotiations, which have historically produced a skewed distribution of taxing rights. Despite increasing democratization of global tax governance, substantial challenges remain, particularly as intensifying hegemonic resistance threatens to negate reform efficacy and perpetuate power asymmetries. This essay outlines this complex issue and …

Constitutional War Powers: Law & Strategy From The Revolution To Cyberconflict, Matthew C. Waxman

Faculty Books

Many believe that the power to start wars is the most important issue of constitutional war powers-and perhaps the most important issue of constitutional law altogether. Yet this fixation on the power to start wars obscures equally important questions. Who has the power to prepare for war, deter it, conduct it, decide its aims, or end it? Although many democracies wrestle with these constitutional questions, the United States stands apart in that no other written constitution has had to function over time across such dramatic transformations in national military power and radical swings in strategy for wielding it. To show …

Support For Human Rights, Megan G. Shipp

Undergraduate Research Symposium

This project is important because it seeks to understand why the United States fails to implement human rights frameworks into its laws. Despite being at the center of the international system, the US thinks itself above international law while evading following international standards. It fits into the discussion of at what point human rights ideals are encouraged by the public. This research delves further into at what point human ideals are encouraged by the public, and what ideals are most encouraged, if any. The United States does not educate its citizens on the concept of international human rights, leaving it …

Politics Of Maritime Security Governance: Institutional Fragmentation, Securitization And Community Engagement In Decentralized Border Area Of Indonesia, Suhirwan Suhirwan, Siswo Hadi Sumantri, Lukman Yudho Prakoso, Ahmad Gafuri Dohamid

Jurnal Wacana Politik

ABSTRACT. Decentralized archipelagic states face governance challenges in translating national security frameworks into localized institutional practices. This paper analyses the formalization of coastal community participation into maritime security governance in Batam, Indonesia through multi-layered political mechanisms. The study uses a qualitative case study design incorporating insights from securitization theory and multi-level governance frameworks. Data were collected between March and July 2025, comprising 18 semi-structured interviews, policy document analysis, mapping of institutional coordination, and field observations. The findings reveal a persistent multi-level securitization gap: national threat narratives, particularly those articulated in terms of sovereignty, have not been proportionally translated into regional …

Democratic Ambivalence And The Tolerance Of Power Abuse: Evidence From Urban Voters In Indonesia, Faris Widiyatmoko, Hasyim Nawawi Agustianto

Jurnal Wacana Politik

This study examines the discrepancy between normative judgments regarding alleged abuse of power and voters’ electoral behavior in the context of the 2024 general election in Indonesia. Using survey data from urban voters in Jakarta, this study operationalizes democratic ambivalence as the tension between normative attitudes toward the candidacy of Gibran Rakabuming Raka (Gibran) and respondents’ voting behavior. The results of descriptive analysis, cross-tabulation, and multinomial logistic regression indicate that the discrepancy between normative evaluation and electoral preference is the norm for the respondents. The “conflicted accept” category (53.1% of respondents) is made up of those who accept the continuation …