International Economics Commons^™

The Global Correspondence Principle: A Generalization, Jagdish N. Bhagwati, Richard A. Brecher, Tatsuo Hatta

Faculty Scholarship

This paper generalizes the Global Correspondence Principle by extending, in two major ways, Paul Samuelson's 1971 analysis of the exchange rate response to an international purchasing-power transfer. We analyze the price effect of a shift in any parameter, not necessarily a transfer. We then explore the resulting adjustments in any nonprice variable such as we/fare. As our analysis shows, the direction of these adjustments depends neither on whether they are small or large nor on whether equilibrium is locally stable or unstable.

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1986, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

CBN annual report and statement of accounts for 1986 covers economic performance including key economic indicators such as inflation rate, GDP growth, exchange rate stability, banking sector performance, monetary policy, financial stability, fiscal policy, and regulatory updates for 1986. The development in 1986 were mixed. The GDP at constant 1977/78 factor cost was estimated at N25,290 million, representing a decline of 3.3 per cent and the decline was largely due to poor performance of the manufacturing, crude petroleum, wholesale and retail trade sectors. The trajectory of monetary aggregates was relatively in the download direction. Money supply indicated a 1.2 per …

Bark Or Bite Perspectives On Economic Sanctions For Foreign Policy Objectives, Rodney W. Skotty

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

Economic sanctions have been used throughout history to coerce target nations to acquiesce in the objectives of nations that impose them. The record of achievement, using sanctions as a tool of foreign policy, has been poor. Regardless, nations continue to use economic sanctions to attain their goals despite their relative ineffectiveness. And as nations apply sanctions frequently to resolve international conflicts, such frequency tends to impair the credibility of sanctions as an implement of foreign policy. The fact that they are imposed frequently, also reflects that they are used to rectify lesser violations of the international norm. In view of …

Ua68/2 Intercambio Internacional, Vol. X, No. 1, Wku Latin American Studies

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by WKU Latin American Studies program regarding science, politics and economic advances in Latin America as well as cooperative projects between WKU and universities across Latin America. The newsletter is written in both English and Spanish.

Gatt Ministerial Meeting Punta Del Este, Uruguay, Clayton K. Yeutter

Clayton K. Yeutter, United States Secretary of Agriculture: Papers

Mr. Chairman, fellow delegates, this week GATT faces an historic challenge. Our task is more difficult than any that has confronted world trade since the very creation of GATT in 1947. What we do in Punta del Este will determine whether GATT remains a functional, dynamic institution serving the interests of its members or declines into a static and passive association that is irrelevant to the needs of international trade.

Improving And Strengthening The Trade System, Clayton K. Yeutter

Clayton K. Yeutter, United States Secretary of Agriculture: Papers

The successful launching of a comprehensive round of negotiations will be the single, most important event in international trade this year. I urge our communique contain a vigorous, unequivocal endorsement for launching a new round with a comprehensive agenda, in September. Delegations in Geneva will go over the text of our communique very carefully, and they will judge our determination by both the tone and substance of our statement. We therefore must clearly set forth our desire to begin the new round, without delay.

National Accounts, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This folder includes:
Handwritten and typed note cards titled:

• Summary of Measures of G = c′ + v′ + s′ (12/14/77), with equations and derivations relating to national accounts aggregates
• Sales versus Production in National Income Accounts (10/28/77), on the relationship between sales and production measures
• Trade
• Current Account, on balance of payments categories
• National Accounts Concepts, including GNP measurement, real vs. nominal output, and treatment of government expenditure
• Real Wages, g-GNP, on taxes and government spending effects on GNP, with diamond merchant example on reverse
• State Expenditure and Underconsumption, on underconsumptionist theory and deficit-financed state …

Relative Price Changes And Exchange Rate Determination With Slow Price Adjustment: An Empirical Analysis, Clas Wihlborg, Madelyn Antoncic

Business Faculty Articles and Research

The general purpose of this paper is to analyze empirically sectoral price adjustment in the exchange rate adjustment process. Relative price changes may occur within a sector between countries, and within a country between sectors. Our main objective is to test the hypothesis that both kinds of relative price changes occur in the adjustment process to disturbances in money demand and supply. In particular, we expect that the relative prices among goods of different "tradedness"--ranging from perfectly traded to non-traded goods--are affected by such disturbances. Our second objective is to test empirically whether the nature of exchange rate adjustment is …

Price Leve L- Wages, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This folder includes:
Handwritten note cards titled:

• CRITIQUE of Morishima’s "Marx’s Economics"
• CAPITAL, REVENUE + PRICE-VALUE DEVIATIONS
• Price of Production and Value (multi-card set, pp. 3–8, with red underlines)
• Victor Perlo (see photostat) (1968)
• Bortkiewicz Critique (3/4/78)
• DEFINITION OF SURPLUS-VALUE AS AN INCREMENT OVER TOTAL ADVANCED CAPITAL (PROFIT)
• PRICE-VALUE DEVIATIONS and SURPLUS VALUE
• VALUE VARIATIONS DUE TO TECHNICAL CHANGE (multi-card set, with red underlines)
• Capitalist Cost-Price & Social Cost = Value (written in blue ink, with red annotations)
• Complete Mechanization & Capitalist Reproduction (1/15/85)
• Marx on Competition (1847) (6/86; multi-card set written in blue ink, with some red underlines and …

Ua68/2 Intercambio Internacional, Vol. Ix, No. 2, Wku Latin American Studies

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by WKU Latin American Studies program regarding science, politics and economic advances in Latin America as well as cooperative projects between WKU and universities across Latin America. The newsletter is written in both English and Spanish.

Public Personnel Administration In Cyprus: A Study Of Selected Aspects, Marina Micheal Alexandrou

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Trade And Financial Interdependence In The World Economy, Sven W. Arndt, Lawrence Bouton

CMC Faculty Publications and Research

With regard to the trading order, questions have arisen about the benefits from freer trade at a time when more countries are turning to managed trade and protectionist sentiment is on the rise. Some believe that the international financial system, for its part, no longer facilitates the transactions of goods but dominates them. This article discusses these issues and addresses the policy options available to government leaders.

Ambassador Clayton Yeutter United States Trade Representative Foreign Correspondents Club Tokyo, Japan August 13, 1985, Clayton K. Yeutter

Clayton K. Yeutter, United States Secretary of Agriculture: Papers

It's a pleasure to be here in Japan for my first major overseas trip since becoming U.S. Trade Representative on July 1. I have been hoping that my first major speech outside the United States would be in Japan. Thanks to the kind invitation of the Foreign Correspondents Club, that hope is now being realized.

Ambassador Clayton Yeutter United States Trade Representative Address To The World Economic Forum Geneva, Switzerland December 6, 1985, Clayton K. Yeutter

Clayton K. Yeutter, United States Secretary of Agriculture: Papers

I'm very pleased that e World Economic Forum has provided me with my first opportunity to address a European audience since becoming the United states Trade Representative on July 1. As you know, I had hoped to be here sooner, in September, but had to cancel that trip when President Reagan decided to take some tough new trade actions on September 7.

Trade Ii, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• A simple Marxian theory of the exchange rate [Typed and handwritten paper]. Shaikh, A. (1986, February). Unpublished manuscript.

• Economics G6903Y: International trade [Syllabus for Columbia University]. Findlay, R. (1973, Spring). Unpublished manuscript.

• Economics 251: International trade II [Reading list]. Shaikh, A. (1974, Spring). Unpublished manuscript.

• Economics G6904X: International trade and finance [Reading list for Columbia University]. Mathieson, D. J. (1971, Fall). Unpublished manuscript.

• Economics 251: International trade II [Reading list]. Shaikh, A. (1979, Spring). Unpublished manuscript.

• Economics 251: International trade II [Course outline and reading list]. Shaikh, A. (1975, Spring). Unpublished …

Cass Lectures, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Letter to Ye Gang regarding a lecturing trip to China [Manuscript letter]. Shaikh, A. (1985, April 29). Unpublished manuscript.

• Party sanctions aim to subdue “unhealthy tendencies” [Newspaper article discussing measures to address economic offences]. China Daily. (1985, May 18).

• Courts deal with varied workload [Newspaper clipping discussing court cases and sentencing in Guangdong Province]. (1985, May 20). Unpublished manuscript.

• Rural-based businesses lead the way [Newspaper article discussing the growth of rural industry]. China Daily. (1985, May 20).

• Search for a miracle cure [Magazine article featuring Martin Weitzman and his proposal …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1984, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

CBN annual report and statement of accounts for 1984 covers economic performance including key economic indicators such as inflation rate, GDP growth, exchange rate stability, banking sector performance, monetary policy, financial stability, fiscal policy, and regulatory updates for 1984. It also examines future economic outlook. In 1984, the index of industrial production fell by 10.2 per cent significantly due to the poor performance of the manufacturing sector whose index of production fell by 18.2 per cent. In respect of domestic prices, the supply-side factors were dominant in exerting upward pressures on prices. There were acute shortages in consumer goods and …

Ua68/2 Intercambio Internacional, Vol. Ix, No. 1, Wku Latin American Studies

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by WKU Latin American Studies program regarding science, politics and economic advances in Latin America as well as cooperative projects between WKU and universities across Latin America. The newsletter is written in both English and Spanish.

Developments In World Commodity Markets With Respect To Nigeria's Agricultural Commodities During The Third Quarter Of 1984, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn

Economic and Financial Review

This is a report on the developments in Nigeria's agricultural commodities in the third quarter of 1984. It covers beverages, vegetable oil and oil seeds, natural rubber, grains and sugar etc. it also has a statistical presentation of data.

Developments In The International ( London) Commodities' Market During The First Quarter,1984, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn

Economic and Financial Review

A report on the developments in the International (London) commodities' market during the first quarter,1984. The notable commodities includes coffee, cotton, palm-kernel and rubber. A number of factors accounted for the general improvement in commodity prices. Firstly, there was a decline in the supply of most of the commodities. The second factor was the uncertainty regarding production prospects in the immediate future . Finally, there was a general increase in the demand for most of the commodities.

"Stock Index Futures At The Merc", Clayton K. Yeutter

Clayton K. Yeutter, United States Secretary of Agriculture: Papers

GOOD MORNING AND THANK YOU FOR INVITING ME TO ADDRESS THIS GROUP. LAST YEAR, WHEN I TALKED TO YOU AT THE SCIA ANNUAL MEETING IN BURGENSTOCK, I TOLD YOU OF THE DYNAMIC GROWTH THE FUTURES INDUSTRY WAS UNDERGOING. I AM HAPPY TO REPORT THAT THAT GROWTH CONTINUED IN 1983. THE CHICAGO MERCANTILE EXCHANGE HAD ITS SEVENTH CONSECUTIVE RECORD-BREAKING YEAR, TOPPING 1982 TRADING VOLUME BY MORE THAN 13 PER CENT. SINCE 1972 WE HAVE SEEN OUR ANNUAL VOLUME GROW FROM 4.5 MILLION CONTRACTS TO 38.1 MILLION CONTRACTS--A TRULY PHENOMENAL RECORD!

The Outlook For U.S. Agriculture And Agribusiness, Clayton K. Yeutter

Clayton K. Yeutter, United States Secretary of Agriculture: Papers

Not since the 1930s have I been as concerned for the short term future of American agriculture as I am now. Last year's net farm income is estimated at only about $15.5 billion. In the aggregate, and in real term, that is the lowest it has been in decades. Fortunately, on a per capita or per farm basis the numbers are less depressing and, fortunately, they will begin to trend upward again in 1984. But it looks as if export tonnages will decline for the fourth year in a row, and farm land values may also decline for the fourth …

Finance Capital, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This folder includes:
Handwritten note cards titled:

• England and Portugal
• Kindleberger
• Basic Model: H.O. – Samuelson (Factor Proportions Model) (annotated in red ink)
• Trade and World Price Line Establishment (with diagrams)
• Neoclassical Variable Proportions & Community Production Possibilities (annotated in red ink)
• Internal Equilibrium and Trade (Normal Case) (annotated in red ink)
• Price-Value Deviations
• Note on Unequal Exchange
• Profit and Surplus Value (referencing Grundrisse, Notebook VII, Feb–June 1858)
• Surplus-Value and Profit (underlined in red ink)
• Profit and Surplus Value (referencing Vol. III, p. 36, Ch. I)
• Transformation
• Conditions of Problem
• Sweezy
• Connection, Value & Supply
• Effect of Wage Changes …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1983, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

In 1983, Nigeria's economy experienced severe stagflation, with GDP falling by 4.4%, more than the 3.4% decline recorded in 1982. Domestic inflation was 23.2%, more than three times the 7.7% recorded in 1982. The external sector also suffered from the general malaise, with the recorded value of external trade falling from N21.3 billion in 1982 to N17.3 billion in 1983. Agricultural production fell sharply due to severe droughts, bush fires, and diseases/pest infestations in livestock and crops. The volume of primary commercial energy consumed increased, with the index going up by 4.4% in 1983. Inflationary pressures intensified due to the …

Foreign Exchange Flows Through The Central Bank During The Third And Fourth Quarter Of 1983, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn

Economic and Financial Review

N11.9 million and a net outflow of N3.7 million during the third and fourth quarters of 1983 respectively. These compared with the net outflows of 13.2 and N171.9 million recorded during the counterpart periods of the preceding year (See Table 1). In line with these developments, official holdings of external reserves increased by N11.9 million during the 3rd quarter, recording N802.2 million at the end of September, 1983. They decreased by N3.7 million during the 4th quarter to N798.5 million at the end of December 1983. (See Table 3) .

Developments In World Commodity Markets During The Fourth Quarter Of 1983, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn

Economic and Financial Review

The International Commodity Markets weakened slightly during the fourth quarter of 1983, compared with the preceding quarter. The major fa ctors which influenced developments in the markets during the period included the reaction of specul ators to movements in the sterling exchange rate as well as forecasts of the state of supply of most of the commodities.

The Relevance Of Exchange Control In Nigeria's Balance Of Payments Adjustment Process, O. K. Anifowose

Economic and Financial Review

The objective of this paper is to evaluate the usefulness of exchange control in correcting Nigeria's Balance of Payments deficits during the period 1967-1981. The paper consists of four parts. In part one, a general review of the legal framework and exchange control practices in the period is undertaken. Part two offers an appraisal of exchange control as a policy for balance of payments adjustment in Nigeria. In part three exchange control is compared with other balance of payments policies to determine whether or not the country can dispense with the control regulations . The summary and main conclusions of …

Foreign Exchange Flows Through The Central Bank During The 3rd Quarter Of 1983, Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn

Economic and Financial Review

Movement of foreign exchange through the Central Bank during the third quarter of 1983 resulted in a net inflow of N 11.9 million compared with the net outflow of N 103.0 million and a net inflow of N 13.2 million during the preceding quarter and the corresponding period of l 982.

Ua68/2 Intercambio Internacional, Vol. Viii, No. 1, Wku Latin American Studies

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by WKU Latin American Studies program regarding science, politics and economic advances in Latin America as well as cooperative projects between WKU and universities across Latin America. The newsletter is written in both English and Spanish.

Essays On Sun Yat-Sen And The Economic Development Of Taiwan, Maria Hsia Chang, A. James Gregor

Maryland Series in Contemporary Asian Studies

No abstract provided.