International Economics Commons^™

Cuba's De-Dollarization Program: Policy Measures, Main Objectives, And Principal Motivations, Mario A. Gonzalez-Corzo

Publications and Research

This paper examines the main characteristics of Cuba’s de-dollarization program, the objectives of these policy measures, and their principal causes and motivations. The paper is organized in three sections. The first section describes the policy measures associated with the process of de-dollarization, followed by a detailed account of their main objectives (section two), and an analysis of their principal causes and motivations (section three).

Taxes And Competitiveness, Michael S. Knoll

All Faculty Scholarship

Around the world, the tax laws are shaped by concerns with competitiveness. This paper provides a general theory of how taxes impact competitiveness. As part of that theory, this paper also introduces the concept of tax-based competitiveness neutrality. A tax system is competitively neutral when taxes do not cause competitors to change their relative valuations of any investments. This paper then uses that theory to evaluate tax policy in two high profile and important areas. The paper begins by describing two models of competitiveness, called the conduit or new money model and the investor or old money model. The central …

Editor's Note, Padraig O'Malley

New England Journal of Public Policy

The editor's note at the beginning of this journal briefly speaks about each article within. The author touches upon learning, the challenges to an education, the effects of the growth of technology, how world politics interfere with economy, and how employment is affected by technology.

Malaysia In The Global Economy: Crisis, Recovery, And The Road Ahead, Daniel E. Charette

New England Journal of Public Policy

This article offers an analysis of contemporary economic development in Malaysia, focusing especially on the causes and consequences of the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis. Malaysia offers an excellent case study in international development due to its role as an export-dependent developing country with a high degree of integration in the global economy. In attempting to determine why Malaysia was enveloped by a financial crisis in July of 1997, a two-level political economy approach is used to separate international policy influences from domestic influences. My findings suggest that a combination of ill-advised, full capital account liberalization (Washington Consensus / international influence) …

La Política Comercial De La República Oriental De Uruguay: La Integración En El Mercosur Y Las Negociaciones De Libre Comercio Con Los Estados Unidos, Patrick Hudson

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This study analyzes the foreign economic policy of Uruguay, concentrating specifically on the current administration’s proposed policy changes as reflected in recent free-trade negotiations with the United States. The paper begins with an historical evaluation of Uruguay’s current strategy of international insertion via the Common Market of the South (MERCOSUR), a fifteen year-old economic bloc also including Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. The first section then concludes with a brief examination of Uruguayan-American bilateral trade negotiations leading up to the 2006 Free Trade Agreement (FTA) talks. The second part of the study identifies three possible future scenarios of Uruguayan foreign economic …

Import Competition And The Probability Of Job Displacement In Us Manufacturing, 1983-1999, Roger White

Economics

The trade-displacement relationship is examined using observations from the 1984- 2000 Displaced Worker Surveys and corresponding industry data. Increases in import penetration and decreases in import prices correlate with higher displacement rates. Considerable variation in the effects of import competition on displacement probabilities is found across worker types. For example, the estimated displacement probability for a minority female who is not a union member but who has completed some college coursework ranges from 6.44 to 7.13 percent. This is significantly higher than the range estimated (1.02 to 1.24 percent) for collegeeducated, white, male union members. Setting import competition values equal …

Assessment Of Capital Returns And Economics Of Investment In Khartoum Stock Exchange Market, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Financial markets in a country are parts of modern economic systems and have definite impacts of its economic performance. However, in an underdeveloped economic structure there can be other targets o hidden activities for them. Such assumptions are provoked under totalitarian economic systems that impose cartel monopolies in a autocratic compradorism that own most of the companies and their stocks. The institutional structure of the prevailing economic system avails negative cost/benefits dealings to continue unaffected as the main profits have to come from other resources, e.g., money laundry. The private sector has to be monopolized in order to sustain the …

Perturbaciones Cambiarias En El Mercosur Y Su Impacto Sobre Paraguay, Francisco Carlos Ruiz Diaz, Rosa Ortellado

Francisco Carlos Ruiz Diaz

La mayor integración entre los países del MERCOSUR generó una profundización de las relaciones comerciales entre los miembros del bloque, explicado esencialmente por la eliminación de las barreras arancelarias. El objetivo del presente documento es analizar que tan sensible se ha vuelto este mayor nivel de intercambio frente a las perturbaciones cambiarias regionales. El trabajo reviste un énfasis especial en relación a como estos choques cambiarios pueden afectar la economía paraguaya. La evidencia es clara en relación al desempeño de la Tasa de Cambio Real (TCR). Notándose una elevada sensibilidad de la TCR de nuestro país ante cambios en el …

Protection For Sale Under Monopolistic Competition: An Empirical Investigation, Pao Li Chang, Myoung-Jae Lee

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper proposes a general empirical framework to estimate the protection-for-sale model, where the protection regime shifts according to a sector's market structure (perfectly or monopolistically competitive). We base the protection structure on Grossman and Helpman (1994) for the subset of perfectly competitive sectors and on Chang (2005) for the subset of monopolistically competitive sectors. The two protection regimes are simultaneously estimated with joint constraints. The results of the J-test consistently reject the homogeneous (perfect competition) protection-for-sale model often adopted in previous literature and suggest a direction of improvement toward the proposed heterogeneous protection structure model.

The Dynamic Effects Of European Services Liberalisation, Henk Lm Kox

Henk LM Kox

#1; A single European market for services? #1; Estimated static effects of liberalisation #1; Dynamic effects of services liberalisation #1; Conclusions and possible policy implications

Reviewed Work: Understanding Institutional Diversity By Elinor Ostrom, Jonathan G.S. Koppell

Publications from President Jonathan G.S. Koppell

No abstract provided.

Urban Resurgence And The Consumer City, Joshua D. Gottlieb, Edward L. Glaeser

Joshua D. Gottlieb

Determinants Of Workers' Remittances: The Case Of Turkey: A Review., Magnus O. Abeng

Economic and Financial Review

The paper is focused on the determinants of workers remittances using Turkey as a case study.

Are Immigrants Remittance Flows A Source Of Capital For Development?: A Review, Phebian N. Omanukwue

Economic and Financial Review

The paper seeks to develop a remittance model that would indicate if immigrant remittances were a source of capital flows for development.

Green Revolutions And Miracle Economies: Agricultural Innovation, Trade And Growth, Brishti Guha

Research Collection School Of Economics

The purpose of this paper is to develop a simple model of an economy in which growth is driven by a combination of exogenous technical change in agriculture and a rising world demand for labor-intensive manufactured exports. We explore the relative roles of an exogenous agricultural productivity shock and rising export demand in a model with two traded industrial goods and a non-traded agricultural good, food. When the non-traded sector uses a specific factor, we show that technical change in agriculture may be the key to factor migration into industry, in particular driving intersectoral labor migration. A key assumption is …

Assessment Of Capital Returns And Economics Of Investment In Khartoum Stock Exchange Market, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Financial markets in a country are parts of modern economic systems and have definite impacts of its economic performance. However, in an underdeveloped economic structure there can be other targets o hidden activities for them. Such assumptions are provoked under totalitarian economic systems that impose cartel monopolies in a autocratic compradorism that own most of the companies and their stocks. The institutional structure of the prevailing economic system avails negative cost/benefits dealings to continue unaffected as the main profits have to come from other resources, e.g., money laundry. The private sector has to be monopolized in order to sustain the …

Regulation And Freedom In Global Business Education, Stefano Harney, Cliff Oswick

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Purpose: This paper seeks to confront the orthodoxy of global business education with some insights from postcolonial theory in order to develop a new critical pedagogy adequate for a global sociology of management and accounting. Design/methodology/approach: Reviewing the state of play in postcolonial theory and noting the new politicisation in that field, the paper asks what relevance this politicisation might have for an alternative to orthodox global business education. Findings: The paper finds that the texts available to postcolonial theory present a wealth beyond the regulation of colonial and neo‐colonial regimes and in contrast critical management studies do not have …

Economic Impacts Of The 2004 Services Directive, Henk Lm Kox

Henk LM Kox

#1; About CPB #1; Our research on Services Directive #1; Policy differences as market-entry barrier #1; Effects of Services Directive on trade and FDI #1; Macroeconomic effects #1; Role country-of-origin principle #1; The way ahead

An Optimum Currency Area In South Asia: Is It Plausible?, Nilanjan Banik, Basudeb Biswas, Peter J. Saunders

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Business

This article is an empirical investigation of the potential feasibility of an optimum currency area (OCA) in South Asia. Under an OCA, member countries share a common currency (like the Euro), and forego autonomy with respect to monetary policy instruments. Countries are good candidates for forming an OCA if there is a long-run relationship in the trend (permanent) component of output. Our results indicate existence of such a long-run relationship in the trend component of gross domestic product (GDP) among the member countries in South Asia. Hence, the South Asia region has the potential to form an OCA.

Labor Struggles, New Social Movements, And America's Favorite Pastime: New York Workers Take On New Era Cap Company, Victoria Carty

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

Contemporary economic globalization, which is driven and regulated primarily by multinational corporations, has a direct impact on workers' lives. Trade agreements such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) tend to be controlled by corporate interests in the wealthy, industrialized nations. Those countries set the agenda to protect the interests of foreign investors and facilitate the mobility of capital, but they do little to protect the interests of labor. In response, workers in both the global North and South have been forced to rely on their own individual efforts to protect themselves against unfair labor practices. This article presents …

Intra-Industry Specialization And Trade Expansion In U.S. Trade With The Free Trade Areas Of The Americas (Ftaa), John R. Ledgerwood, E. M. Ekanayake, Mihalis Halkides

Publications

This paper aims to explain the extent of vertical and horizontal intra-industry trade (IIT) in United State's foreign trade with the other 33 members of the Free Trade Areas of the Americas (FTAA). It also attempts to identify the country- and industry-specific determinants of vertical and horizontal IIT. This study uses detailed trade data at the 10-digit Harmonized System (HS) industry level and covers a longer and more recent period, 1990 through 2005. The Grubel-Lloyd intra-industry trade index is used to calculate the intensity of these two types of intra-industry trade. One of the main findings is that, with the …

Privatizing Public Enterprises In The European Union 1960-2002: Ideological, Pragmatic, Inevitable?, Judith Clifton, Daniel Díaz-Fuentes, Francisco Comín

Judith Clifton

Privatization, recognized as one of the most important economic policy reforms from the 1970s, has attracted significant attention from scholars, and the literature on the topic is now vast. Yet there is little agreement on the reasons why governments privatized. Three dominant paradigms explaining European Union (EU) privatization put forward distinct motivations. The ‘British paradigm’ assumed that market-friendly ideology played a significant role in a path towards a global programme inspired by the UK experience. The ‘multiple logics’ approach observed that the UK was an anomaly, not a leader, and that EU privatization was so diverse that there were few, …

Icts As Appropriate Technologies For Africa's Development, Cosmas Milton Obote Ochieng Ochieng

Cosmas Milton Obote Ochieng Ochieng

No abstract provided.

Officials’ Asset Declaration Laws: Do They Prevent Corruption?, Omer Gokcekus, Ranjana Mukherjee

Omer Gokcekus

No abstract provided.

China In Asean-Led Multilateral Forums, Serene Hung

Maryland Series in Contemporary Asian Studies

No abstract provided.

Have Cafe Standards Reduced The Effect Of Gasoline Prices On Domestic Automobile Manufacturers’ Market Share Of The Us Market?, Abdelwahed Tazi

Gettysburg Economic Review

One of macroeconomists’ major concerns is GDP volatility, and understanding what causes this volatility is essential when attempting to reduce it. For decades, the automotive industry has been a major component of US GDP. Therefore, understanding the driving forces behind this industry indirectly contributes to the study of GDP volatility. This paper focuses on CAFE standards and how they change the effect of oil prices on US automobile sales.

What motivates this paper is the fact that during the mid-to-late 80s, fluctuations in the market share of domestic automobile manufacturers diminished substantially. Figure 1 presents the sales of domestic automakers’ …

The Gettysburg Economic Review, Volume 1, Spring 2006

Gettysburg Economic Review

No abstract provided.

The Subtlety Of Political Risk With Foreign Direct Investment: The Case Of The Vietnamese Sugar Industry, Tom Arnold, Bonnie Buchanan, Janice Lo

Finance Faculty Publications

Political risk entails more than a host country taking advantage of investment from foreign sources. A more subtle form of political risk is attributable to the host government's mismanagement of policies that may be intended to attract foreign direct investment, but may have unintended consequences. A perfect example is the ''One Million Tonne Sugar Program " sponsored by the government of Vietnam during the mid-1990s. What appears to be a very lucrative investment for foreign investors becomes a financial disaster due to the inability of the government to allocate resources efficiently and police its borders from smugglers.

Inter-Industry Gender Wage Gaps By Knowledge Intensity: Discrimination And Technology In Korea, William C. Horrace, Beyza P. Ural, Jin Hwa Jung

Center for Policy Research

A new gender wage gap decomposition methodology is introduced that does not suffer from the identification problem caused by unobserved non-discriminatory wage structure. The methodology is used to measure the relative size of Korean gender wage gaps from 1994 to 2000 across industries, differentiated by industrial knowledge intensity, where knowledge intensity is the extent to which industries produce or employ high-technology products. Korea represents an important case study, since it possesses one of the fast growing knowledge-intensive economies, among industrialized countries. Empirical results indicate that over this period, discrimination (the unexplained portion of the gender wage gaps) in Korea was …

Cisg Article 31: When Substantive Law Rules Affect Jurisdictional Results, Ronald A. Brand

Articles

No abstract provided.