Statistical Models Commons^™

Nonparametric Finite Mixture Of Ising Graphical Models, Manal Hamadi Alloqmani

Dissertations

Statistical applications in fields such as bioinformatics, genomics, speech processing, image processing, and communications often involve large-scale models in which thousands or millions of random variables are linked in complex ways. Graphical models provide a general methodology for approaching these problems, and indeed many of the models developed by researchers in these applied fields are instances of the general graphical model formalism. This formalism gives a nice framework for capturing complex dependencies among the random variables and building a large-scale model for high-dimensional data. Recently, high-dimensional data are more assumed to come from one population and follow a parametric or …

Statistical Inference For Noisy Matrix Completion Incorporating Auxiliary Information, Shujie Ma, Po-Yao Niu, Yichong Zhang, Yinchu Zhu

Research Collection School Of Economics

This article investigates statistical inference for noisy matrix completion in a semi-supervised model when auxiliary covariates are available. The model consists of two parts. One part is a low-rank matrix induced by unobserved latent factors; the other part models the effects of the observed covariates through a coefficient matrix which is composed of high-dimensional column vectors. We model the observational pattern of the responses through a logistic regression of the covariates, and allow its probability to go to zero as the sample size increases. We apply an iterative least squares (LS) estimation approach in our considered context. The iterative LS …

Linking Water Quality And Climate Change To Long-Term Trends In Species Abundance In Norwalk Harbor, Viktoria Savatorova, Aidan Kieft, Nicole C. Spiller, Kasey Burns

Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics

This study examines the effects of environmental changes on fish populations in Norwalk Harbor, focusing on winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus), cunner (Tautogolabrus adspersus), northern pipefish (Syngnathus fuscus), and naked goby (Gobiosoma bosci) as examples of species responding to climate-related shifts. We analyze how water temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen correlate with fish abundance. To assess statistically significant differences in catch per unit effort (CPUE) across harbor regions, we applied the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post-hoc test. Seasonal variations in CPUE were examined by comparing monthly catch data for each species. K-means …

Discounting Effect Size When Borrowing External Data In Clinical Studies, Zhuanzhuan Ma, Chul Ahn, Bin Wang, Xuefeng Li

Research Symposium

Background: When borrowing information from external data to augment a current trial, many available methods discount the sample size but retain the effect size from previous studies. Discounting the sample size is just one way to discount the prior information. It may not be appropriate if the underlying assumption of unbiased treatment effect does not hold, for example, when the treatment effect in the historical study is likely higher than the one expected in the current trial.

Methods: To tackle this potential issue, we study some methods to shrink the effect size from previous studies assuming that the prior effect …

Sparse Bayesian Variable Selection Using Global-Local Shrinkage Priors For The Analysis Of Cancer Datasets, Zhuanzhuan Ma

Research Symposium

Background: With a rapid development of data collection technology, high dimensional data, whose model dimension k may be growing or much larger than the sample size n, is becoming increasingly prevalent in different fields of study, such as ecology, genetics, among others. This data deluge is introducing new challenges to traditional statistical procedures and theories and is thus generating a renewed interest in the problems of variable selection and classification in high dimensional regression models. In large k, small n settings, variable selection is usually the first step for dimension reduction to uncover significant covariates, which contribute to …

Effect Of Pre-Adsorbed Species On High-Pressure Adsorption Of Methane In Zeolite 5a Using Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (Gcmc) Simulations, Kanhamardi Lao, Brooks D. Rabideau

Shelby Hall Graduate Research Forum Posters

Natural gas upgrading, which removes impurities from methane (CH4), is essential for industrial applications, including liquefied natural gas (LNG) production and power generation, as well as for residential use. Removing non-hydrocarbon impurities such as carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), and water vapor (H2O), among others, along with separating heavier hydrocarbon gases from raw natural gas, is required to achieve high- purity methane and prevent pipeline corrosion. Zeolite 5A is a microporous aluminosilicate material with a pore size of approximately 5 Å, containing sodium and calcium cations that balance the framework’s negative charge. Its structure offers high thermal stability and a …

Filters For Forecasting Crop Health: Analyzing And Projecting The Temporal Evolution Of Landsat Ndvi Data Using Dynamic Linear Models And The Kalman Filter, Kamal Albousafi, Hossein Moradi, Jung-Han Kimn

SDSU Data Science Symposium

Accurately forecasting food availability is a critical task. One approach involves utilizing remote sensing data, such as satellite images, to observe the health of crop fields using different Vegetation Indices (VI). The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) provides a sound metric to track the “greenness” of crops over time. In this research, we develop statistical models that capture the dynamics of NDVI time series data to make better predictions of its future values. The median NDVI of the pixels of a farm located in Edmunds County, South Dakota, is obtained using imagery from the Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 satellites, …

Kroger Post-Pandemic Customer Segmentation, Mario Mata, Joey Truitt, Renn Spigelmyer, Dhanuja Kasturiratna, Lisa Holden, Nitish Baidya, Hanna Tafari

Posters-at-the-Capitol

The grocery retail industry landscape has changed greatly in the wake of the pandemic. Specifically, delivery and pickup services have become more popular and customer buying habits have evolved. At the same time, improvements in data collection and analysis have allowed grocery marketing strategies to become highly individualized.

We worked with 84.51, an analytics firm, to identify customer segments for the Kroger Company based on data from 2023. Using clustering techniques, we organized customers into groups, or segments, based on similar characteristics. We identified and profiled four distinct groups of customers. Three segments were characterized by high frequency and spending …

Estimation And Model Misspecification For Recurrent Event Data With Covariates Under Measurement Errors, Ravinath Alahakoon, Gideon K.D. Zamba, Xuerong Meggie Wen, Akim Adekpedjou

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

For subject i, we monitor an event that can occur multiple times over a random observation window [0, (Formula presented.)). At each recurrence, p concomitant variables, (Formula presented.), associated to the event recurrence are recorded—a subset ((Formula presented.)) of which is measured with errors. To circumvent the problem of bias and consistency associated with parameter estimation in the presence of measurement errors, we propose inference for corrected estimating equations with well-behaved roots under an additive measurement errors model. We show that estimation is essentially unbiased under the corrected profile likelihood for recurrent events, in comparison to biased estimations under a …

On The Gumbel-Weibull{Cauchy} Distribution, Jennifer D. Pippin

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Developing new statistical distributions and seeking higher flexibility in modeling different shapes of data remain a strong emphasis in research. The T-R{Y } framework, introduced in [3], utilizes three statistical distributions in order to generate a new distribution. Many research papers appeared in literature to develop distributions based on the T-R{Y } framework. In this thesis, a member of the T-R{Y } framework, namely the Gumbel-Weibull{Cauchy} (GWC), is introduced. Statistical properties of the GWC are studied, such as the quantile function, the hazard function, transformations, Shannon entropy, the …

Predicting Superconducting Critical Temperature From Composition-Derived Features: A Transparent Linear And Regularized Regression Study, Md Ahiduzzaman

Data Science and Data Mining

We study prediction of superconducting critical temperature (Tc) from 81 composition-derived descriptors across 21,263 materials. To keep the analysis transparent and repro- ducible, we focus on linear models: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Ridge, Lasso, and Elastic Net (ENet). All models share a single evaluation protocol (5-fold cross-validation with standardized inputs) and are compared on RMSE, MAE, and R2. On this feature set, OLS attains the best cross-validated performance (RMSE = 17.6 K, MAE = 13.3 K , R2 = 0.735), with Lasso/ENet essentially tied next (RMSE ≈ 17.7 K , R2 ≈ 0.734); Ridge underperforms (RMSE = 18.9 K , …

Comparative Analysis Of Lasso, Ridge, And Elastic Net For Variable Selection In High-Dimensional Maize Data, Md Ahiduzzaman

Data Science and Data Mining

In high-dimensional genomic data analysis, traditional linear regression techniques often struggle due to the presence of a large number of predictor variables relative to observations. Penalized regression methods such as LASSO, Ridge, and Elastic Net have emerged as effective solutions by imposing regularization, which helps in managing multicollinearity and enhancing prediction accuracy. This study applies these techniques to the Maize dataset to model the time to male flowering, selecting relevant genetic markers as predictors. Our findings suggest that Elastic Net is particularly effective for high-dimensional data with correlated variables, achieving a balance between prediction accuracy and variable selection. The results …

An Evaluation On The Uncertainty For The Routine Of Dosimetry Calibration At The National Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory, Albania, Klotilda Nikaj

International Journal of Nuclear Security

Every employer must, in relation to any work with ionizing radiation that they undertake, take all necessary steps to restrict so far as is reasonably practicable the extent to which their employees and other persons are exposed to ionizing radiation. This goal leads to an increased awareness about the proper maintenance and annual calibration of the personal dosimeters to ensure an accurate and precise radiation dose. The present work has described the performance of the radiation system of the ¹³⁷Cs source at the National Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory (SSDL), located at the Institute of Applied Nuclear Physics at the …

Beyond Homogeneity: Exploring Causal Heterogeneity In Psychopathology, Philip B. Vinh

Theses and Dissertations

Traditional models in psychiatric research often impose assumptions of causal homogeneity, treating population-level associations as reflective of uniform underlying mechanisms. This dissertation challenges that assumption by introducing statistical and machine learning frameworks designed to detect and model causal heterogeneity in the development of psychopathology. Central to this approach is the advancement of finite mixture structural equation modeling (FM-SEM) to identify latent subgroups characterized by distinct, and sometimes opposing, causal pathways.

The dissertation comprises three integrated empirical studies. The first introduces mixDoC, a finite mixture extension of the classical Direction of Causation (DoC) model applied to twin data, enabling the detection …

Predicting Capture And Survival Probabilities Of The Arizona Tiger Salamander: A Comparison Of Capture-Recapture Models, Brittney Nelson

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

Capture-recapture models are essential tools for estimating population dynamics in ecological studies. A fundamental component of these models is the capture history matrix, which records individual detection over time and serves as the basis for estimating survival and capture probabilities. This presentation explores three statistical approaches to these estimations: the Cormack-Jolly-Seber (CJS) model, the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) for CJS, and the Bayesian CJS model. The CJS model provides a likelihood-based framework for estimation, and the HMM CJS incorporates latent states into the model to account for uncertainty in detection. The Bayesian CJS extends this same analysis by integrating prior …

‘Waves Of Imagination’ Unconditional Spectogram Diffusion Using Diffusion Architecture., Rahul Vanukuri

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

The swift evolution of wireless communication technologies,particularly in the field of rf signals or in CBRS bands,demands increasingly sophisticated signal processing techniques to ensure efficient transmission, reception, and spectrum management.Traditional approaches to signal generation and reconstruction, although effective in controlled environments, often struggle to cope with the challenges presented by real-world noisy conditions, hardware constraints, and limited access to large-scale datasets. In response to these limitations, this thesis explores the application of diffusion models—a class of generative models known for their ability to produce high-fidelity samples—to the domain of spectrogram generation for communication signals.

Different from conventional strategies to simulate …

Analyzing Factors Influencing Employee Turnover In Tech Companies: A Predictive Modeling Approach, Shinjon Ghosh

Theses and Dissertations

Employee turnover poses substantial challenges for technology firms, and understanding its key drivers through predictive modeling is essential for developing effective retention strategies. This study investigates factors influencing employee turnover in technology companies by implementing a predictive modeling approach on the IBM HR Analytics Employee Attrition dataset. The research aims were identifying key factors contributing to employee attrition, developing predictive models to forecast turnover risk, and analyzing interactions among significant predictors. By examining a range of features, the results highlight significant variables (Over Time, Monthly Income, Marital Status, etc.) of attrition and offer actionable insights for developing targeted employee retention …

Analysis Of Sled Dog Biomechanics, Natalie Bender

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This paper is an analysis of data collected by Dr Rachel Olson and her team. The data was collected from the same set of sled dogs before and after training for the Iditarod race. The goal of this paper is to draw conclusions on whether the gait of sled dogs’ change with fitness level. The data was cleaned in R to find the average peak for forelimb joint angles per run for each dog. The data was analyzed with 3 different ANOVAs – one including both the shoulder and carpus, one for just the shoulder, and one for just the …

Time Series Modeling Of Akron Air Quality Index (Aqi) Data, Mason Yurich

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

With the increase in population and industrialization around the world, climate has become a major concern for many researchers. One measure that has drawn much interest is air quality. There are available resources that track the Air Quality Index (AQI) in most large cities, but there is a general lack of information regarding Air Quality forecasts, even for one day in the future. This project aims to find a useful statistical model for representing and predicting the AQI measure in Akron, Ohio over time. By using historical air quality data from the United States Environmental Protection Agency and AQI.in, an …

Analyzing Car Theft Trends In Central Texas: A Comparative Study Of Waco, College Station, And Killeen, Daniel Njogu

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This study examines motor vehicle theft (MVT) trends from 2019 to 2023 in three Central Texas cities—Waco, College Station, and Killeen—using temporal analysis, geospatial hotspot mapping, and make/model data. In Killeen, thefts generally rose over the period, with notable peaks in October and on Mondays. College Station saw an overall decline in thefts but experienced a seasonal spike each March, and Waco’s thefts increased until around 2021 before beginning to fall. Local festivals—such as the Spirit of Texas in College Station and the Heart O’ Texas Fair in Waco—appear to coincide with these seasonal upticks. Hyundais and Kias were most …

Hybrid Mixtures Of Factor Analyzers For High Dimensional Data, Kazeem Abiodun Kareem

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Factor analysis is a powerful tool for modeling latent structures in high-dimensional data, traditional approaches assume a single global structure, limiting their ability to capture heterogeneity. The Mixture of Factor Analyzers (MFA) extends classical factor analysis by modeling data as a mixture of Gaussian-distributed local subspaces, effectively uncovering cluster-specific latent structures. However, MFA relies on Gaussian mixtures, making it sensitive to outliers and ill-suited for heavy-tailed data. The Mixture of $t$-Factor Analyzers (M$t$FA) addresses these limitations by incorporating multivariate $t$-distributions, improving robustness. Despite their advantages, both MFA and M$t$FA face significant computational challenges in high-dimensional settings, particularly due to costly …

Methods In Statistics, Machine Learning, And Deep Learning For Combining Multi-Omics Dataset, Md Mutasim Billah

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) have emerged as a powerful strategy to bridge genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with gene regulatory mechanisms by integrating genotypic data with gene expression data. While early TWAS methods typically rely on linear models and single-tissue expression references, recent advances underscore the need for flexible, multi-tissue approaches that can capture heterogeneous regulatory architectures and tissue-specific expression patterns. This dissertation introduces a three‑part research project that advances multi‑tissue transcriptome‑wide association studies (TWAS) along complementary axes of methodology, statistical power, and modelling flexibility.

In chapter One, TWAS‑CTL introduces a two‑stage cross‑tissue learner that trains any user‑chosen single‑tissue imputers (STLs) …

A Time Series Analysis Of The Macroeconomic Indicators, Mia Houston

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Understanding inflation—particularly across regions and categories—is crucial for effective policymaking, strategic business decisions, and safeguarding vulnerable populations, as it highlights the diverse drivers and impacts of price changes within the economy. This has become increasingly crucial in recent years between the volatile inflation conditions introduced by the COVID-19 pandemic, energy price shocks, and renewed trade tensions and tariffs. This thesis analyzes 77 U.S. monthly inflation time series from 2003 to 2023 using two forecasting approaches: an elementwise Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model and a Factor-Augmented Vector Autoregressive (FAVAR) model. The data obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics …

“Regression To The Mean”: The Confluence Of Eugenics And Statistics In The 19th And 20th Centuries, Emrys G. King

Pomona Senior Theses

The work of this thesis is twofold — first, qualitatively characterizing the confluence between the British eugenics and statistics movements in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and second, quantitatively analyzing the effect of this foundation on pedagogical materials in the growing field of statistics between 1880 and 1970. Towards the first goal, the history of the method of least squares, state statistics, and positive and negative eugenics are outlined, followed by a close reading of the foundational texts authored by Francis Galton and Karl Pearson that introduced linear regression. Towards the latter goal, English-language statistics textbooks published between …

Further Results On Learning Quantum Measurement Classes: Quantum Pac Model For Povm Hypothesis Classes, Arka Prabha Das

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)

This thesis investigates the problem of learning from quantum systems, where each example consists of a quantum state paired with a classical outcome. The task centers on choosing an effective measurement rule from a fixed set to enable accurate prediction of the classical outcome from the quantum state. A central focus lies in understanding whether joint measurement strategies that cannot be separated into local operations offer a real benefit in terms of the number of examples needed for successful learning. We examine conditions under which a non-separable measurement within a given hypothesis class achieves strictly better sample complexity bounds compared …

Theoretical Foundations And Applied Performance Of Periodicity-Aware Imputation: Variable Bandpass Block Bootstrap Methods For Incomplete Time Series, Asmaa Ahmad

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)

Time series data are prevalent across a wide range of disciplines, including health surveillance, public policy, and environmental monitoring. In the presence of underlying cyclical patterns, the integrity of time series analysis depends critically on the ability to detect, model, and impute structured missing data without compromising the temporal structure. This dissertation introduces and validates a novel imputation framework that integrates the Variable Bandpass Periodic Block Bootstrap (VBPBB) into multiple imputation procedures, improving the accuracy, robustness, and interpretability of time series models under high rates of missingness and noise. The overarching goal of this dissertation was to develop and evaluate …

Integrating Sentiment Analysis In Predictive Models: A Comparative Study On Game Popularity On Steam, Khaleefa Alhemeiri

CMC Senior Theses

Over the past decades, the gaming industry has managed to evolve into a multi-billion-dollar enterprise. Gaming platforms such as Steam foster unprecedented amounts of engagement among players worldwide daily. In this thesis, we investigate the effect of incorporating sentiment-driven metrics, specifically YouTube view counts and positive reviews, into predictive models for game popularity. In addition, by comparing our linear regression sentiment-based approach to the Bayesian hierarchical folded normal model used by De Luisa et al. (2021), we can understand the many differences, strengths, and limitations of each methodology. In our thesis, we focus on three games. Each is of varying …

Forecasting Equity Betas Using Option-Implied Moments, Ivan Kolesnikov

CMC Senior Theses

Traditional beta estimates are constructed from historical stock‑and‑market returns and therefore adjust only as fast as realized data accrue. This thesis investigates whether the forward‑looking information embedded in equity‑option prices can enhance beta forecasts. Using near‑end‑of‑day quotes for 236 S&P 500 firms between 2007 and 2024, I extract risk‑neutral variance and skewness, construct five alternative beta estimators (historical, option‑implied, and three hybrids), and evaluate them against realized betas over six‑, twelve‑, and twenty‑four‑month windows. Rolling‑OLS beta remains the most accurate benchmark at short horizons, yet option‑implied moments add economically and statistically significant value when systematic exposure is expected to change …

The Presence Of Outer Giant Planets And Their Role In Inner Planet Formation With And Without Their Influence, Mateo E. Guerra Toro

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

We performed dynamical simulations of the giant impact phase of planet formation to investigate the formation of inner terrestrial planets under the influence of 4 solar system-like outer giant planets. We developed a new code using the N-body simulation suite REBOUND and REBOUNDx (Rein et al. (2019) and Tamayo et al. (2019)) to simulate 2 stages of planetary formation: a residual gaseous protoplanetary disk phase and subsequent dynamical evolution after the disk photoevaporates. The initial conditions for the inner planetary embryos were taken by Morrison et al. (2020) based on a range of solid surface densities that produced Super-Earth terrestrial …

Developing Consensus-Based Methods For The Examination And Interpretation Of Contemporary Vehicle, Architectural, And Portable Electronic Device Glasses By Micro-X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, Zachary Bailey Andrews

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Glass is a trace material that is commonly encountered during investigations of violent crimes. When glass is recovered at crime scenes, it can be used to establish links between suspects, victims, and the scene itself. The most discriminatory form of analysis for glass evidence is elemental analysis, and micro-X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (µXRF) is becoming an increasingly common technique used for this purpose. Recent advances in µXRF technology, such as the introduction of silicon drift detectors (SDD) and improved polycapillary optics are promising in enhancing the capabilities for the examination of glass evidence in forensic investigations. However, along with these advances …