Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Chemistry Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 9241 - 9270 of 33218

Full-Text Articles in Chemistry

ผลของเอทิลีน-ออกทีนโคพอลิเมอร์และโวลลาสโทไนต์ต่อสมบัติของไนลอน 6, บุษยา วิลาวรรณ Jan 2020

ผลของเอทิลีน-ออกทีนโคพอลิเมอร์และโวลลาสโทไนต์ต่อสมบัติของไนลอน 6, บุษยา วิลาวรรณ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้ พอลิเมอร์ผสมของไนลอน 6 กับเอทิลีน-ออกทีนโคพอลิเมอร์และเอทิลีน-ออกทีนโค พอลิเมอร์กราฟต์มาเลอิกแอนไฮไดรด์ ได้ถูกเตรียมด้วยกระบวนการผสมแบบหลอมเหลวโดยใช้เครื่องอัดรีดแบบสกรูคู่และขึ้นรูปชิ้นทดสอบด้วยเครื่องฉีดแบบ เพื่อศึกษาเปรียบเทียบสมบัติทางกายภาพ สมบัติเชิงกล สมบัติทางความร้อน และสัณฐานวิทยา พบว่าความทนแรงกระแทกของพอลิเมอร์ผสมไนลอน 6/เอทิลีน-ออกทีน โคพอลิเมอร์ทุกอัตราส่วนมีค่าต่ำกว่าไนลอน 6 ล้วน ทั้งที่อุณหภูมิ 23 องศาเซลเซียส และ -30 องศาเซลเซียส และมีค่าลดลงเมื่อปริมาณเอทิลีน-ออกทีนโคพอลิเมอร์เพิ่มขึ้น เนื่องจากความไม่เข้ากันของพอลิเมอร์ผสม ในขณะที่พอลิเมอร์ผสมไนลอน 6/เอทิลีน-ออกทีนโคพอลิเมอร์กราฟต์มาเลอิกแอนไฮไดรด์ทุกอัตราส่วนมีค่าความทนแรงกระแทกสูงกว่าไนลอน 6 และเพิ่มขึ้นตามปริมาณของเอทิลีน-ออกทีนโคพอลิเมอร์กราฟต์มาเลอิกแอนไฮไดรด์ เนื่องจากการเกิดอันตรกิริยาที่ดีของพันธะไฮโดรเจนระหว่างหมู่อะมิโนกับหมู่แอนไฮไดรด์ในเมทริกซ์ของไนลอน 6 สอดคล้องกับภาพที่ได้จากกล้องจุลทรรศน์อิเล็กตรอนแบบส่องกราด นอกจากนี้ยังพบว่าพอลิเมอร์ผสมทุกอัตราส่วนแสดงอัตราการหลอมไหล, ความถ่วงจำเพาะ, สมบัติความทนแรงดึง, สมบัติความทนแรงดัดโค้ง, ความแข็งแบบร็อคเวลล์, อุณหภูมิอ่อนตัวด้วยความร้อน, ร้อยละความเป็นผลึก, มอดุลัสสะสม และความต้านทานการหดตัวในแม่พิมพ์มีค่าลดลง เนื่องจากพฤติกรรมของความเป็นอิลาสโตเมอร์ของเอทิลีน-ออกทีนโค พอลิเมอร์ในพอลิเมอร์ผสม และจากสมบัติเชิงกลที่เหมาะสมจึงเลือกอัตราส่วน 85/15 (ร้อยละโดยน้ำหนัก) ของไนลอน 6/เอทิลีน-ออกทีนโคพอลิเมอร์กราฟต์มาเลอิกแอนไฮไดรด์สำหรับเตรียมคอมพอสิตกับโวลลาสโทไนต์ ที่ 10, 20 และ 30 ส่วนต่อเรซิน 100 ส่วน ผลการวิจัยพบว่าความถ่วงจำเพาะ, ยังส์มอดุลัส, มอดุลัสดัดโค้ง, อุณหภูมิอ่อนตัวด้วยความร้อน, มอดุลัสสะสม, ความต้านทานการหดตัวในแม่พิมพ์และความต้านทานการหลอมหยดเพิ่มขึ้น ในขณะที่ความทนแรงกระแทกที่ 23 องศาเซลเซียส และ -30 องศาเซลเซียส, ความทนแรงดึงและการยืดตัว ณ จุดขาด มีค่าลดลงเนื่องจากการเกิดอันตรกิริยาระหว่างโวลลาสโทไนต์และเมทริกซ์ต่ำ

Go to article

Sugar-Derived Oleogels In Cosmetics And Food Applications: A Case Study Of Trehalose- And Mannitol-Based Gelators, Polina Tsupko Jan 2020

Sugar-Derived Oleogels In Cosmetics And Food Applications: A Case Study Of Trehalose- And Mannitol-Based Gelators, Polina Tsupko

Dissertations and Theses

Gels represent an indispensable part of our everyday lives with direct applications in food, medicine, cosmetics and other industries. Amphiphilic molecules have been shown to act as low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) and are becoming the main focus of several research groups. Their ability to self-assemble into various morphologies from micelles to bilayer sheets, and remain stable due to noncovalent forces responsible for the formation of the 3D network—Self-Assembled Fibrillar Network (SAFiNs)—is in the core of their ability to produce molecular gels. Those amphiphilic molecules capable of adsorbing at the interface and behaving as surface active agents are known as …

Go to article

Reductions By Cobalt-Catalyzed Production Of Hydrogen Gas From Nabh4 In A Two-Chamber System, Joshua K. Mitchell Jan 2020

Reductions By Cobalt-Catalyzed Production Of Hydrogen Gas From Nabh4 In A Two-Chamber System, Joshua K. Mitchell

Dissertations and Theses

The work outlined in this thesis describes a bench-scale methodology involving a two-chamber system for conducting catalytic hydrogenation reactions by obtaining hydrogen (H2) gas from stable sodium borohydride (NaBH4). Whereas NaBH4 is widely used for a variety of reductions and is known to produce H2 gas in protic media, to our knowledge, there has been scant use of NaBH4 in catalytic hydrogenation chemistry where it has been used as a source of H2 gas. In this work, addition of a catalytic amount of CoCl2•6H2O as an aqueous solution …

Go to article

Synthesis, Structures, Optical And Electronic Properties Of Functional Inorganic And Hybrid Materials, Sura Menda Ginting Jan 2020

Synthesis, Structures, Optical And Electronic Properties Of Functional Inorganic And Hybrid Materials, Sura Menda Ginting

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Synthesis of complex functional inorganic and hybrid material is desirable because complex composition allows more degree of freedom and tunable materials where the properties differ from those of their parent components. As a test of concept, we have synthesized a series of LnMOFs with the general formula of [Ln(NDC)(DMA)2(NO3)]n (Ln=Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb). These materials are isostructural, adopting the orthorhombic P b c a space group. They are relatively stable under drying and heating treatment and have more metal coordination numbers compared to transition metal MOFs. There are theoretically sizable channels and free space inside the structure, allowing …

Go to article

Screening Of Catalysts For The Subcritical Water Depolymerization Of Lignin, Balawanthrao Jadhav Jan 2020

Screening Of Catalysts For The Subcritical Water Depolymerization Of Lignin, Balawanthrao Jadhav

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The current world population is completely rely on the non-renewable resources such as coal, fossils, and natural gas to get the energy, fuel and value-added chemicals. The increasing the demand of utilizing non renewable resources leads to severe problems such as global warming, climate changes, and environmental pollution. The renewable resources such as wind, solar energy, and biomass is an alternative sources to overcome these problems and to save the environment. Biomass made up with the cellulose, hemicellulose, and Lignin. Lignin is a copolymer of phenolic monomers and inexpensive naturally occurring complex material to produce the value-added chemicals and various …

Go to article

Development And Validation Of Advanced Analytical Methods For Pesticides, Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances, And Opioids In Soil And Drinking Water, Christopher Skaggs Jan 2020

Development And Validation Of Advanced Analytical Methods For Pesticides, Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances, And Opioids In Soil And Drinking Water, Christopher Skaggs

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Environmental pollution from contaminants is a serious concern in a world where more and more pesticides and pharmaceuticals are being used, sometimes improperly and in excess. Since pesticides are used on practically every crop on Earth, it’s no surprise that these compounds are detected in soil, water, and processed agricultural commodities meant for human consumption. Additionally, because of the ubiquity of pharmaceuticals, specifically opioids, and their inherent addictive properties, these compounds are being over-consumed. Because current waste-water treatments can be insufficient to remove them from water sources, this consumption has led to the detection of these compounds in drinking water. …

Go to article

Mild Deprotection Of The N-Tert-Butyloxycarbonyl (N-Boc) Group Using Oxalyl Chloride, Nathaniel George, Samuel Ofori, Sean R. Parkin, Samuel G. Awuah Jan 2020

Mild Deprotection Of The N-Tert-Butyloxycarbonyl (N-Boc) Group Using Oxalyl Chloride, Nathaniel George, Samuel Ofori, Sean R. Parkin, Samuel G. Awuah

Chemistry Faculty Publications

We report a mild method for the selective deprotection of the N-Boc group from a structurally diverse set of compounds, encompassing aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic substrates by using oxalyl chloride in methanol. The reactions take place under room temperature conditions for 1–4 h with yields up to 90%. This mild procedure was applied to a hybrid, medicinally active compound FC1, which is a novel dual inhibitor of IDO1 and DNA Pol gamma. A broader mechanism involving the electrophilic character of oxalyl chloride is postulated for this deprotection strategy.

Go to article

Structural Annotation Of Electro- And Photochemically Generated Transformation Products Of Moxidectin Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Lisa Kotthoff, Sarah-Louise O'Callaghan, Jan Lisec, Tanja Schwerdtle, Matthias Koch Jan 2020

Structural Annotation Of Electro- And Photochemically Generated Transformation Products Of Moxidectin Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Lisa Kotthoff, Sarah-Louise O'Callaghan, Jan Lisec, Tanja Schwerdtle, Matthias Koch

Articles

Moxidectin (MOX) is a widely used anthelmintic drug for the treatment of internal and external parasites in food-producing and companion animals. Transformation products (TPs) of MOX, formed through metabolic degradation or acid hydrolysis, may pose a potential environmental risk, but only few were identified so far. In this study, we therefore systematically characterized electro- and photochemically generated MOX TPs using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Oxidative electrochemical (EC) TPs were generated in an electrochemical reactor and photochemical (PC) TPs by irradiation with UV-C light. Subsequent HRMS measurements were performed to identify accurate masses and deduce occurring modification reactions of derived TPs …

Go to article

September 2019 Therapeutic Delivery Update, Elaine Harris Jan 2020

September 2019 Therapeutic Delivery Update, Elaine Harris

Articles

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Determination Of Upconversion Quantum Yields Using Charge-Transfer State Fluorescence Of Heavy-Atom-Free Sensitizer As A Self-Reference, Natalia Kiseleva, Dmitry Busko, Bryce Richards, Mikhail Filatov, Andrey Turshatov Jan 2020

Determination Of Upconversion Quantum Yields Using Charge-Transfer State Fluorescence Of Heavy-Atom-Free Sensitizer As A Self-Reference, Natalia Kiseleva, Dmitry Busko, Bryce Richards, Mikhail Filatov, Andrey Turshatov

Articles

The efficiency of photon upconversion via triplet–triplet annihilation is characterized by an upconversion quantum yield (ΦUC); however, uncertainties remain for its determination. Here, we present a new approach for the relative measurement of ΦUC for green-to-blue upconversion using BODIPY–pyrene donor–acceptor dyad (BD1) as a heavy-atom-free triplet sensitizer. This new approach exploits broad fluorescence from a charge-transfer (CT) state of BD1, which possesses (i) a significant Stokes shift of 181 nm in dichloromethane and (ii) a comparably high CT-fluorescence quantum yield (Φref = 7.0 ± 0.2%), which is independent from oxygen presence and emitter (perylene) concentration while …

Go to article

Exploration Of Cis-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane-Based Conformationally Locked Chiral Ligands In Asymmetric Synthesis, Carim Van Beek Jan 2020

Exploration Of Cis-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane-Based Conformationally Locked Chiral Ligands In Asymmetric Synthesis, Carim Van Beek

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Natural products have been demonstrated to be of great significance to the pharmaceutical industry in the development of new drugs and medicine. Unfortunately, synthetic approaches to obtain these natural products often prove increasingly challenging due to the complexity of synthesizing the target drug in the proper stereochemistry. The availability of enantioselective reactions can play a pivotal role in overcoming this challenge, yielding access to optically pure intermediates and products. Chiral ligands based on a trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane motif are often employed for this purpose and their complexes with transition metals have been demonstrated to act as efficient chiral catalysts in asymmetric reactions. …

Go to article

The Development Of Pet Imaging Agents For Neurodegenerative Disorders, Christine Morgan Kinstedt Jan 2020

The Development Of Pet Imaging Agents For Neurodegenerative Disorders, Christine Morgan Kinstedt

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

With the intent to synthesize a potent and viable PET imaging agent for Alzheimer’s disease and/or Parkinson’s disease utilizing tau protein aggregates or alpha-synuclein aggregates as the ailments’ respective targets, researchers in this investigation synthesized derivatives of the chalcone scaffold in order to determine a lead molecule for further drug development. This molecular structure, which due to its ability to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB), has demonstrated efficiency in a number of neurodegenerative diseases and constitutes a convenient starting point for the development of potential imaging agents for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Since simple chalcones have been demonstrated to …

Go to article

Design, Synthesis, And Characterization Of Chemical Tools To Study Peroxisomal Import, Jhalak N. Timilsena Jan 2020

Design, Synthesis, And Characterization Of Chemical Tools To Study Peroxisomal Import, Jhalak N. Timilsena

Masters Theses

Peroxisomes are dynamic and interconnected single lipid membrane bound organelles found in the eukaryotic cells which are involved in various biochemical processes including the b-oxidation of very long chain and branched chain fatty acids, metabolism of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and reduction of hydrogen peroxide among others. These organelles are known to host numerous proteins and enzymes depending on the cellular environment. All of the proteins needed in the peroxisomes are encoded in the nucleus and synthesized in the cytosol which are then transported to the peroxisomes with the help of a sophisticated protein-transport machinery. Pex5 is one of …

Go to article

Chronic Chemogenetic Stimulation Of The Nucleus Accumbens Produces Lasting Reductions In Binge Drinking And Ameliorates Alcohol-Related Morphological And Transcriptional Changes, Dar'ya Y. Pozhidayeva, Sean Farris, Calla Goeke, Evan Firsick, Kayla G. Townsley, Marina Guizzetti, Angela Ozburn Jan 2020

Chronic Chemogenetic Stimulation Of The Nucleus Accumbens Produces Lasting Reductions In Binge Drinking And Ameliorates Alcohol-Related Morphological And Transcriptional Changes, Dar'ya Y. Pozhidayeva, Sean Farris, Calla Goeke, Evan Firsick, Kayla G. Townsley, Marina Guizzetti, Angela Ozburn

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Binge drinking is a dangerous pattern of behavior. We tested whether chronically manipulating nucleus accumbens (NAc) activity (via clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) and Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADD)) could produce lasting eects on ethanol binge-like drinking in mice selectively bred to drink to intoxication. We found chronically increasing NAc activity (4 weeks, via CNO and the excitatory DREADD, hM3Dq) decreased binge-like drinking, but did not observe CNO-induced changes in drinking with the inhibitory DREADD, hM4Di. The CNO/hM3Dq-induced reduction in ethanol drinking persisted for at least one week, suggesting adaptive neuroplasticity via transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. Therefore, we defined this …

Go to article

Singlet Fission In A Hexacene Dimer: Energetics Dictate Dynamics, Samuel N. Sanders, Elango Kumarasamy, Kealan J. Fallon, Matthew Y. Sfeir, Luis M. Campos Jan 2020

Singlet Fission In A Hexacene Dimer: Energetics Dictate Dynamics, Samuel N. Sanders, Elango Kumarasamy, Kealan J. Fallon, Matthew Y. Sfeir, Luis M. Campos

Publications and Research

Singlet fission (SF) is an exciton multiplication process with the potential to raise the efficiency limit of single junction solar cells from 33% to up to 45%. Most chromophores generally undergo SF as solid-state crystals. However, when such molecules are covalently coupled, the dimers can be used as model systems to study fundamental photophysical dynamics where a singlet exciton splits into two triplet excitons within individual molecules. Here we report the synthesis and photophysical characterization of singlet fission of a hexacene dimer. Comparing the hexacene dimer to analogous tetracene and pentacene dimers reveals that excess exoergicity slows down singlet fission, …

Go to article

Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of Phase Behaviour And Structural Studies Of Guanidinium Triflate Ionic Liquid And Its Mixture With Water And N-Methyldiethanolamine For Carbon Dioxide Removal, Naimah Haron Jan 2020

Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of Phase Behaviour And Structural Studies Of Guanidinium Triflate Ionic Liquid And Its Mixture With Water And N-Methyldiethanolamine For Carbon Dioxide Removal, Naimah Haron

Student Works (2020-2029)

Molecular dynamics (MDs) simulations with an all-atom force field have been carried out to understand the phase equilibrium behaviour of aqueous guanidinium triflate [gua][OTf] ionic liquid (IL) (binary system) at 440.15 K, as well as the phase equilibrium behaviour of N-methyl diethanolamine (MDEA) with aqueous [gua][OTf] IL (ternary system) at 298.15 K. This work further elaborated the understanding of absorption mechanism of carbon dioxide (CO2) into ternary system at 298.15 K. For binary system, the simulations measured changes in different physical properties such as density, structural, bonding properties (radial distribution function (RDF)), water clustering and hydrogen bonding) and dynamic property …

Go to article

Phytochemical Investigations Of Goniothalamus Tapis And G. Tapisoides, And Kinetic Mechanism Studies Of Goniothalamin, Pei Theng Rosalind Kim Jan 2020

Phytochemical Investigations Of Goniothalamus Tapis And G. Tapisoides, And Kinetic Mechanism Studies Of Goniothalamin, Pei Theng Rosalind Kim

Student Works (2020-2029)

Phytochemical studies on two species of Annonaceae; Goniothalamus tapis and Goniothalamus tapisoides have been carried out. Isolation and purification of the crude extract of stem bark of G. tapis and G. tapisoides yielded seventeen compounds. G. tapis gave nine compounds; goniothalamin 1, isoaltholactone 41, 3-acetylisoaltholactone 151, cheliensisin A 22, garvensintriol 4, goniopyyprone 26, 7-epi-goniofufurone 49, stigmasterol 133 and β-sitosterol 134. Out of nine compounds, 3-acetyl-isoaltholactone 151 was identified as a new styryl-lactone. The skeleton is similar as the major compound, isoaltholactone 41. But 3-acetylisoaltholactone 151 have different functional group compared to hydroxyl group in isoaltholactone 41, which is acetyl group. …

Go to article

A Biophysical Investigation Of Stability, Ligand Binding, And Iron State Of Cyp102a1, Catherine A. Denning-Jannace Jan 2020

A Biophysical Investigation Of Stability, Ligand Binding, And Iron State Of Cyp102a1, Catherine A. Denning-Jannace

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are cysteine ligated Fe-heme monooxygenases that are found in all domains of life. In mammals, they have a role in xenobiotic metabolism and steroid synthesis, making them a fundamental requirement for survival. In addition, their ability to perform a variety of chemical reactions on an array of substrates makes CYPs highly sought for biotechnical applications such as wastewater remediation, production of potential drug candidates, and creation of drug metabolites. By mutating specific amino acids, these enzymes can be engineered to change their substrate binding profiles and achieve stereo- and regio-specific chemistry. While these mutations are essential to …

Go to article

Derivatization Of Stable, Soluble Redox-Active Organic Materials For Non-Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries, Thilini Malsha Suduwella Jan 2020

Derivatization Of Stable, Soluble Redox-Active Organic Materials For Non-Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries, Thilini Malsha Suduwella

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

In screening active materials for redox flow batteries (RFBs) – in which solubility is important to raise the volumetric energy density – scientists are slave to trial and error, modifying organic molecules in an attempt to optimize (increase) solubility without compromising other important properties such as stability and redox potential. A trained chemist can often predict the trends of solubility with the structural modifications in the neutral state of the materials, but when it’s come to the charged state of the materials, it doesn’t follow the same trend as the neutral species and relative values are hard to predict. The …

Go to article

Laser Ablation In Liquid For The Controlled Production Of Photoluminescent Graphene Quantum Dots And Upconverting Nanoparticles, Rosemary Lynn Calabro Jan 2020

Laser Ablation In Liquid For The Controlled Production Of Photoluminescent Graphene Quantum Dots And Upconverting Nanoparticles, Rosemary Lynn Calabro

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Photoluminescent­ (PL) nanomaterials play an important role in areas including displays, sensing, solar, photocatalysis, and bio applications. Traditional methods to prepare PL materials suffer many drawbacks such as harsh chemical precursors, complicated synthetic steps, and production of many byproducts. Laser ablation in liquid (LAL) has emerged as a promising alternative to prepare materials that is single-step, fast, uses fewer precursors, produces fewer side products, and has simple purification steps. During LAL, a solid target is irradiated with a pulsed laser source. The laser pulses cause plasma plumes of the target material to form which are cooled, condensed, and can react …

Go to article

Uncovering Structure-Property Relationships Of Inorganic Nanomaterials Via Transmission Electron Microscopy, Melonie Thomas Jan 2020

Uncovering Structure-Property Relationships Of Inorganic Nanomaterials Via Transmission Electron Microscopy, Melonie Thomas

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

The rapid increase of research in nanoscale devices and nanotechnology in the past few decades has revealed that nanomaterials may possess exceptional properties that are significantly different from the bulk counterpart, due to local rearrangements of the atoms at surfaces and defects. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is an indispensable tool when it comes to the characterization of nanomaterials, primarily due to its ability to resolve the local-structure of materials at the atomic-scale. To study dynamic processes, however, regular TEM experiments are inadequate, as they provide only before and after information rather than the real-time data essential to understanding a reaction …

Go to article

Structure, Surface, And Interfacial Modifications Of Carbon And Supported-Metal Electrodes For Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Conversion, Namal Wanninayake Jan 2020

Structure, Surface, And Interfacial Modifications Of Carbon And Supported-Metal Electrodes For Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Conversion, Namal Wanninayake

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Currently, the global emission of greenhouse CO2 is over 36 billion tons per year. Consequently, the atmosphere's CO2 concentrations have exceeded 400 ppm, which is the highest reported in the last three million years. The accumulation of CO2 is the most critical origin for today's climate change; thus, closing the carbon cycle is vital to reverse the detrimental impacts of climate change. Under this goal, the electrochemical reduction of CO2 into commodity fuels and chemicals via renewable energy is one of the most promising strategies to recycle CO2. Despite significant progress made in electrocatalysis, …

Go to article

Multi-Component Material For Solar Energy Conversion And Fundamentals Of Lead Acid Batteries, Crystal Ferels Jan 2020

Multi-Component Material For Solar Energy Conversion And Fundamentals Of Lead Acid Batteries, Crystal Ferels

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Synthesis of complex inorganic materials is desirable because their complex composition allows more degrees of freedom and tunability, whose properties differ from their parent components. As an expansion on this concept, we synthesized a quinary compound Ce3FeWS3O6, using a molten flux method and a solvothermal method. The compound crystallizes into a hexagonal crystal system with space group P63/m. Its electric partition shows an anion with the form [(Ce3+)3W6+(S2-)3(O2-)6]3- forcing the transition metal Fe3+ state and leaving no conduction electrons, making the material a semiconductor. This compound is the right candidate as photoelectric material capable of absorbing photons from the solar …

Go to article

Fundamental Study Of Supported Metal Catalysts Prepared By Metal In Lithium Solution For Energy Science, Haiping Xu Jan 2020

Fundamental Study Of Supported Metal Catalysts Prepared By Metal In Lithium Solution For Energy Science, Haiping Xu

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) is a promising technique for energy conversion and storage from intermittent electricity sources (ie. wind and solar). By coupling electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R) to a renewable energy source atmospheric CO2 could be converted back into a fuel such as ethanol, or a commodity chemical such as ethanol or acetic acid. These products could then be consumed for energy or used to generate more valuable chemical products effectively removing CO2 from the atmosphere. To commercialize this process, it is highly desired to prepare catalysts that selectively reduce CO2 at low overpotential with long durability. Research …

Go to article

Rational Design Of Memory-Based Sensors: The Case Of Molecular Calorimeters, Obianuju Augusta Nwokolo Jan 2020

Rational Design Of Memory-Based Sensors: The Case Of Molecular Calorimeters, Obianuju Augusta Nwokolo

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Thermodynamic characterization is crucial for understanding molecular interactions. However, methodologies for measuring heat changes in small open systems are extremely limited. We document a new approach for designing molecular sensors that function as calorimeters: sensors based on memory. To design a memory-based sensor, we take advantage of the unique kinetic properties of nucleic acid scaffolds. Particularly, we elaborate on the differences in folding and unfolding rates in nucleic acid quadruplexes. DNA-based i-motifs unfold fast in response to small heats but do not fold back when the system is equilibrated with surroundings. We translated this behaviour into a molecular memory function …

Go to article

Effects Of Hole Transporting Layers And Surface Ligands On Interface Energetics And Photovoltaic Performance Of Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskites, So Min Park Jan 2020

Effects Of Hole Transporting Layers And Surface Ligands On Interface Energetics And Photovoltaic Performance Of Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskites, So Min Park

Theses and Dissertations--Chemical and Materials Engineering

Organic metal halide perovskites are promising materials for various optoelectronic device applications such as light emitting diodes (LED) and photovoltaic (PV) cells. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown dramatic increases in power conversion efficiency over the previous ten years, far exceeding the rate of improvement of all other PV technologies. PSCs have attracted significant attention due to their strong absorbance throughout the visible region, high charge carrier mobilities, color tunability, and ability to make ultralight weight devices. However, organic metal halide perovskites still face several challenges. For example, their environmental stability issue must be overcome to enable widespread commercialization. Meeting …

Go to article

Applications Of Drones In Atmospheric Chemistry, Travis J. Schuyler Jan 2020

Applications Of Drones In Atmospheric Chemistry, Travis J. Schuyler

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

The emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) has changed the composition of the atmosphere during the Anthropocene. A major technical and scientific challenge is quantifying the resulting fugitive trace gas fluxes under variable meteorological conditions. Accurately documenting the sources and magnitude of GHGs emission is an important undertaking for discriminating contributions of different processes to radiative forcing. Therefore, the adverse environmental and health effects of undetected gas leaks motivates new methods of detecting, characterizing, and quantifying plumes of fugitive trace gases. Currently, there is no mobile platform able to quantify trace gases at altitudes(UASs), or drones, can be deployed on-site in …

Go to article

Multiscale Modeling Of Structure-Function Relationships Of Organic Semiconductors, Shi Li Jan 2020

Multiscale Modeling Of Structure-Function Relationships Of Organic Semiconductors, Shi Li

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

While optoelectronic devices built from organic semiconductors (OSC) continue to find their way into the commercial landscape, there remain numerous challenges to overcome to supplant traditional semiconductors in many technologies. Chief among these are low performance metrics relative to devices with conventional semiconductors and device stability. In order to overcome these challenges, a wide range of new OSC and processing technologies have been developed. However, there remains limited fundamental understanding of the relationship between molecular structure, packing in the solid state, and the resulting materials properties. Here, we make use of multiscale molecular models and utilize classical all-atom molecular dynamic …

Go to article

Flavodoxin, The Hydrogen Atom Of Flavoproteins: A 19f Nmr Study Of Dynamics And Conformational Changes Utilizing Flavodoxin From Rhodopseudomonas Palustris, Taylor Varner Jan 2020

Flavodoxin, The Hydrogen Atom Of Flavoproteins: A 19f Nmr Study Of Dynamics And Conformational Changes Utilizing Flavodoxin From Rhodopseudomonas Palustris, Taylor Varner

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Flavodoxin is a small, highly stable protein that contain a single FMN cofactor used to transfer single electrons at low potentials. The organism Rhodopseudomonas palustris contains a long-chain flavodoxin. Long-chain flavodoxins are characterized by a 20 amino acid loop that is proposed to allow interactions with partner proteins. We plan to utilize this protein as a model to build our repertoire with protein fluorination and fluorine NMR in flavoproteins. This tool kit will then be applied to the study of a partner protein of interest that is capable of performing electron bifurcation. We have incorporated m-fluoro tyrosine into flavodoxin and …

Go to article

Synthesis Of Metal Oxide Surface And Interface Arrays By A Combined Solid-Liquid- Vapor/Vapor-Liquid-Solid Approach, Alexandra J. Riddle Jan 2020

Synthesis Of Metal Oxide Surface And Interface Arrays By A Combined Solid-Liquid- Vapor/Vapor-Liquid-Solid Approach, Alexandra J. Riddle

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

This project was motivated by an in situ heating experiment in the transmission electron microscope (TEM) in which gold (Au) nanoparticles were observed to dissolve tin dioxide (SnO2) nanowires (NWs) under vacuum. The explanation for this observation was that the high-temperature and low-pressure environment of the TEM caused the reverse reaction of the well-known vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) method commonly used to grow NWs. In the VLS process, a metal catalyst absorbs reactant vapor until it becomes supersaturated. The precipitation of the NW occurs at the liquid-solid interface, which ceases when there is no longer reactant vapor, and the diameter of the …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last