Chemistry Commons^™

Suitability Of Mobile Phase Recycling For Methylxanthine Quantification In Coffee Samples Using Hplc, Kaitlin O’Keeffe, Marcos Mariano, Brian Murphy

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Caffeine, theobromine and theophylline fall under a drug class known as methylxanthines. These three compounds are of major interest in the food industry due to their presence in popular foods and beverages such as tea, coffee, and chocolate. As these compounds can cause physical and mental stress at high dosages, their quantification is essential to ensure product safety and quality. Here, we describe an eco-friendly HPLC method developed to quantify the amount of these analytes in coffee samples sourced across the SETU Waterford, Cork Road campus. Using an isocratic mixture of water and methanol, a mobile phase recycling approach was …

Shrinkage Study In Photopolymerisable Hybrid Sol-Gel Through Holographic Patterning, Jamshed Aftab, Izabela Naydenova, Tatsiana Mikulchyk

Articles

Photopolymerisation induced shrinkage of holographic materials is one of the main factors which needs to be considered for designing holographic optical elements (HOEs) with high accuracy in light redirection with maximum efficiency. This work studies the shrinkage in photopolymerisable hybrid sol-gel (PHSG) by examining the properties of volume transmission gratings recorded in PHSG layers. It explores both the dependence of shrinkage on the holographic grating parameters (thickness, spatial frequency, slant angle) and the effect of material aging. By using the fringe-plane rotation model, shrinkage is found to have the maximum value of 1.37 % at 765 lines/mm (19.36° slant angle) …

Surface Modifications Of Titanium Alloys For Biomedical Applications, Justynne Fabian

Doctoral

Hip implant failure remains a critical concern in healthcare, primarily driven by poor bone integration and bacterial infection. These issues contribute to a rising number of revision surgeries, posing significant challenges that must be addressed, particularly in light of an ageing global population. Titanium surface anodisation emerges as a promising solution for biomedical applications, offering a cost-effective, controllable, and efficient process. The anodisation technique results in the formation of titanium dioxide nanotubes (TiO2 NTs) on the metal surface. These nanostructures offer several advantages, including enhanced mechanical properties, and potential for surface modification through the incorporation of antibacterial and osteoinductive properties. …

Confocal Raman Spectroscopy Coupled With In Vitro Permeation Testing To Study The Effects Of Formalin Fixation On The Skin Barrier Function Of Reconstructed Human Epidermis, Hichem Kichou, Franck Bonnier, Amanda C. Caritá, Hugh Byrne, Igor Choupra, Emilie Munnier

Articles

Confocal Raman Spectroscopy is recognised as a potent tool for molecular characterisation of biological specimens. There is a growing demand for In Vitro Permeation Tests (IVPT) in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic areas, increasingly conducted using Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE) skin models. In this study, chemical fixation of RHE in 10% Neutral Buffered Formalin for 24 hours has been examined for storing RHE samples at 4°C for up to 21 days. Confocal Raman Spectroscopy, combined with Principal Components Analysis, revealed the molecular-level effects of fixation, notably in protein and lipid conformation within the stratum corneum and viable epidermis. IVPT by means …

Thermal Effects On The Voc-Sensitive Polydimethylsiloxane Holographic Gratings, Aleksandra Hernik, Faolan Radford Mcgovern, Patrick Iftime, Izabela Naydenova

Conference Papers

The imperative for monitoring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emerges from their harmful impact on human health when inhaled excessively over a long term. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), valued for its transparency and excellent flexibility, has already been demonstrated as a promising biocompatible and cost-effective transducer for optical VOCs sensing. Moreover, it facilitates further functionalisation with adsorbing materials to enhance sensitivity and selectivity for specific VOCs detection. We fabricated and examined PDMS-based surface diffraction gratings after exposure to selected VOCs, demonstrating different response for polar and non-polar molecules. Investigated gratings were prepared by replicating sinusoidal surface relief structures inscribed in acrylamide photopolymer using …

Investigation Of The Uv-Resistance Of Photopolymerisable Glass For Space Applications, Luca Sorridente, Tatsiana Mikulchyk, Izabela Naydenova, Kevin Murphy

Articles

The progress of space based scientific research leads to an increasing demand for more efficient and less bulky instruments. Conventional refractive elements make up a critical part of many optical instruments launched into space; however, they can be bulky and heavy. Holographic optical elements are an efficient alternative to replace the conventional optical elements as they are lightweight and can be miniaturized. Current materials typically used for volume holographic optical elements are not robust enough for use in space environment. Recently a promising photopolymerisable glass has been developed using a sol-gel technique, which can provide dry layers suitable for holographic …

Photopolymer Material Durability And Safety In Holographic Diffusers For Visual Applications, Matthew Hellis, Alan Casey, Edoardo Splendi, Suzanne Martin, Matthew Sheehan, Kevin Murphy

Articles

This study introduces novel holographic diffuser applications employing acrylamide- or diacetone acrylamide-based photopolymers, patterned within the volume on a micron scale by a single-beam holographic recording process. These diffusers have previously been presented as potential treatments for amblyopia and diplopia. This work has now been extended to spectrometric analysis to determine their properties under broadband light. Diffusive elements with higher diffusion efficiencies exhibited a marginal reduction (< 5%) in diffusion efficiency across most of the visible spectrum. Given the intended application of these holographic diffusers, cytotoxicity assessments were also performed. This is significant as there is a difference in toxicity between the crystalline acrylamide (classified as a category 3 material) and diacetone acrylamide (classified as a category 4 material). The findings indicated substantially lower toxicity in holograms produced with diacetone acrylamide-based photopolymer. The accelerated ageing of both formulations of holographic diffusers indicated that the acrylamide-based holographic diffusers did not reduce efficacy in the 292 days of ageing. The diacetone acrylamide-based holographic diffusers exhibited reduced efficacy by day 182. Despite this, both formulations have been shown to perform for prolonged periods as the treatment modality would require. These results emphasise that holographic diffusers exhibit minimal spectral impact, and longevity on the scale of treatment regimes which are crucial considerations for their prospective use case as treatments for amblyopia and diplopia.

Holographic Multiplexing In A Photopolymerisable Hybrid Sol-Gel, Pamela Stoeva, Tatsiana Mikulchyk, Izabela Naydenova, Kevin Murphy

Articles

Holographic multiplexing techniques enhance functionality and information storage by leveraging the inherent selectivity of holograms. This is crucial for advancing holographic sensors, which excel in simultaneously detecting multiple parameters from a single input signal. This study explores the potential of the recent photopolymerisable hybrid sol-gel (PHSG) material for application in Space sensing systems through the investigation of its holographic angular multiplexing capabilities. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, we report the successful recording of up to five angularly multiplexed gratings with diffraction efficiencies (DE) ≥ 15% in 187 ± 18 µm PHSG layers. A 3 mW/cm2 …

Zno Varistors—Preparation Of Nano And Micro Sized Powders By Mechanical Methods For Low And High Voltage Varistors, Maura Kelleher

Books/Book Chapters

ZnO-Bi2O3-Sb2O3 varistors are as essential today as they have been since their discovery five decades ago. Their role is to protect other electronic components against oncoming surges of electrons and survive. The demands on varistors are increasing. Electronic components are becoming smaller and more sensitive, and the metal oxides from which varistors are made are precious. Every aspect of their structure (macro, micro, nano and atomic) determines how they perform and survive. Each stage and variable within the powder metallurgy process is important. The mechanical methods in preparing nano and micro sized metal oxide powders are outlined in this chapter.

Synthesis And Characterisation Of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers On Functionalised Silica Gel Designed For The Selective Extraction And Detection Of Nitroaromatic Compounds Coupled With Colorimetric Methods, Raymond Tang

Masters

HPLC and LC-MS are analytical instruments used to detect the trace explosives, however, the instrumental methods are expensive and require specially trained operators to prepare the samples and interpret the results, and these methods are not suitable for use in conflict zones. The overall aim is to deliver a method for the selective, sensitive and rapid detection of trace explosives in the field.

Balancing Quality Assurance & Innovation In Pharma, Emma Ramnarine

Level 3

At the Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science Team (PRST) workshop on ICH Q9(R1), held at the Technological University Dublin in early June 2023, Boehringer Ingelheim US Biopharma Operations Product Management & Development Operations Head Emma Ramnarine shared her insights on balancing quality assurance and innovation in pharmaceutical manufacturing. She addressed: ● patient-centered transformation ● a watershed moment in her career ● understanding the drug shortage problem ● disruptive collaboration, and ● systems thinking

approaches. Click here for the slides accompanying Ramnarine’s remarks. She connected some of her remarks for the pharmaceutical industry to those made in the previous talk by Ed Hoffman, …

Introducing Research Collaboration And Gmp Human Resource Development At Three Universities With Gmp Laboratories In Japan, Shingou Sakurai, Osamu Hiruta, Ryoko Naruse

Level 3

This paper summarises initiatives presented on June 1^st 2023 at a seminar during a visit to Technological University Dublin. The authors travelled from 3 universities in Japan to share some of the collaborative research, education and training initiatives developed by them,

In their presentation the authors gave an overview of the current situation of Knowledge Management and Quality Culture in Japan, highlighting some recent issues and challenges, and presented some initiatives under development to specifically address these challenges.

Ipq Descriptor

Level 3

No abstract provided.

Preface, Anne Greene, Martin Lipa, Bill Paulson

Level 3

No abstract provided.

Hpra’S Kevin O’Donnell On The Ich Q9 Revision And Considerations For Its Implementation, Kevin O'Donnell

Level 3

At the June 2023 PRST meeting on the ICH Q9 revision, HPRA Market Compliance Manager and Senior GMP Inspector Kevin O’Donnell, who has been serving as rapporteur for ICH Q9 (R1), addressed the changes introduced in the revision, the practicalities of implementation, and his “personal thoughts” on the implementation process. Click here for ICH Q9(R1) with the changes highlighted by O’Donnell, and here for the slides accompanying O’Donnell’s remarks. Formatting

changes and other minor edits have been made for clarity by IPQ. Expressions of thanks to the meeting organizers/attendees and disclaimers that the presentation represents the speaker’s views and not …

Quality Reborn, Anders Vinther

Level 3

It is time for Quality leaders to not only fulfill the traditional role of ensuring cGMP compliance within the company but also take the Quality profession to the level of business leadership like Deming did in Japan after World War II. FDA has recently stated that they have low confidence in quality management maturity of the pharmaceutical industry.

For quality leaders to also become good business leaders we must educate them in ways that are different from what we currently do. The education should be in the 6 areas

• Visibly Demonstrating Responsibility of Quality
• Risk-Informed Decision Making and Communication
• Engaging …

Leveraging Advanced Analytics In The Pharmaceutical Industry, Patrick O'Sullivan

Level 3

This article is a transcribed and lightly edited version of Patrick O’Sullivan’s oral presentation to a seminar hosted on 1 June 2023 by the Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science Team (PRST), TU Dublin, titled ICH Q9(R1): The Next Frontier – An audience with international thought leaders exploring how the effective use of knowledge can enhance QRM outcomes to benefit the patient. Patrick presented an overview of how one could leverage advanced analytics in the pharmaceutical Industry.

Risk-Based Decision-Making – Using Knowledge Of Risk Throughout The Lifecycle, Michael Schousboe

Level 3

This article is based on a presentation given at the event ICH Q9(R1): The Next Frontier hosted by TU Dublin, Grangegorman 01-June-2023

An audience with international thought leaders exploring how the effective use of knowledge can enhance QRM outcomes to benefit the patient

Valerie Mulholland On Improving Rbdm Effectiveness, Valerie Mulholland

Level 3

No abstract provided.

Achieving Warranted Acceptance Of Biotechnologies, Emily Grayek, Baruch Fischhoff

Level 3

The U.S. has faced long-standing shortages of generic drugs, causing negative health effects and spikes in drug costs. To address these shortages, investments in critical technologies and policies to support their adoption will be needed. The success of these technologies and policies depends on public acceptance. We studied public acceptance using the mental model approach, which identifies gaps in understanding that can be addressed with communications. We began with semi-structured interviews with experts in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Based on these interviews, we developed and conducted surveys of the general public, physicians, and pharmacists. Similar strategies could be applied to improve communications …

Exploring The Role Of Knowledge In The Pharma Workplace Of The Future: An Interactive Workshop Exploring Culture, Km And Opex, Stephanie Friedrichsen, Nuala Calnan (Editor), Martin J. Lipa

Level 3

This article presents a summary of an interactive workshop facilitated by Nuala Calnan and Stephanie Friedrichsen during the conference: ‘ICH Q9(R1): The Next Frontier’ held in Technological University Dublin, Ireland, on 1 June 2023. The summary was prepared by the workshop facilitators in conjunction with Martin Lipa who was a participant at the workshop. The article is written to give a high-level overview of the discussions which took place during the workshop and is not intended to be a complete representation of all the activities, insights and findings.

Regulators Are Exploring With Industry How To Strengthen Quality Risk Management Practices, With Revision Of Ich Q9 A Key Focal Point, ( Ipq )

Level 3

No abstract provided.

Industry/Regulator Dialogue On Knowledge Management Is Intensifying In Wake Of Ich’S Q12 Initiative, ( Ipq )

Level 3

No abstract provided.

Agenda From June 1st Conference

Level 3

No abstract provided.

Speaker Bios

Level 3

No abstract provided.

Links To Prst Past Monographs And Level 3 Special Editions

Level 3

No abstract provided.

Ipq Bibliography Pac Km Qrm 2010 - 2023

Level 3

No abstract provided.

Raman Spectral Cytopathology For Cancer Diagnostic Applications, Fiona Lyng, Damian Traynor, Isha Behl, Declan O'Dea, Hugh Byrne

Books/Book Chapters

Histopathology is currently regarded as the “gold standard” patient sampling technique for cancer diagnostics. It involves extraction of a tissue sample, or biopsy, which is then sectioned and stained for evaluation by a pathologist [1]. Cytopathology, on the other hand, is the field of disease diagnosis at the cellular level [2], necessitating only the microscopic evaluation of samples of cells which can be harvested by less invasive methods such as exfoliative brushing, needle probes or from biofluids. Based on the identification of abnormalities in cellular appearance, cytopathology is currently widely used to aid in the screening of cancer, as well …

Electromechanical Coupling In Collagen Measured Under Increasing Relative Humidity, Arwa Bazaid, Fengyuan Zhang, Qiancheng Zhang, Sabine Neumayer, Denise Denning, Stefan Habelitz, Ana Marina Ferreira, Brian J. Rodriguez

Articles

The functional role of collagen piezoelectricity has been under debate since the discovery of piezoelectricity in bone in 1957. The possibility that piezoelectricity plays a role in bone remodelling has generated interest in the investigation of this effect in relevant physiological conditions; however, there are conflicting reports as to whether collagen is piezoelectric in a humid environment. In macroscale measurements, the piezoelectricity in hydrated tendon has been shown to be insignificant compared to dehydrated tendon, whereas, at the nanoscale, the piezoelectric effect has been observed in both dry and wet bone using piezo response force microscopy (PFM). In this work, …

Design, Synthesis And Biological Evaluation Of A Novel Bioactive Indane Scaffold 2-(Diphenylmethylene)C-2,3-Dihydro-1h-Inden-1-One With Potential Anticancer Activity, Tao Zhang, Vilmar Bandero, Claire Corcoran, Ismael Obaidi, Manuel Ruether, John O'Brien, Lorraine O'Driscoll, Neil Frankish, Helen Sheridan

Articles

Over the past decades, designing of privileged structures has emerged as a useful approach to the discovery and optimisation of novel biologically active molecules, and many have been successfully exploited across and within different target families. Examples include indole, quinolone, isoquinoline, benzofuran and chromone, etc. In the current study, we focus on synthesising a novel hybrid scaffold constituting naturally occurring benzophenone (14) and indanone (22) ring systems, leading to a general structure of 2-(diphenylmethylene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (23). It was hypothesised this new hybrid system would provide enhanced anti-cancer activity owing to the presence of the common features associated with the tubulin binding …