Chemistry Commons^™

Investigating The Activity Of Alternative Warheads For Targeted Covalent Inhibition Of The Inhibitor Vertebrate Lysozyme Protein From Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Katie Hambrick

Master of Science in Chemical Sciences Theses

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes blood and lung infections in hospital environments due to its ability to survive on improperly sterilized medical equipment. P. aeruginosa has developed several multi-drug resistance mechanisms that make it very difficult to treat with current antibiotics.¹ This presents the need for a new class of antibiotics that cannot be overcome by P. aeruginosa’s mechanisms of resistance.

The primary goal of this project was to develop a small library of inhibitors that could later be incorporated into lead compounds for novel antibiotic drug discovery. One of P. …

Tio2 Crystallization At Room Temperature And Preparation Of Transparent Carbon Counter Electrode For Low-Cost Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, Muhammad Iqbal Syauqi, Afiten Rahmin Sanjaya, Mohammad Jihad Madiabu, Munawar Khalil, Jarnuzi Gunlazuardi

Makara Journal of Science

We developed a low-cost dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) using TiO₂ fabricated via rapid breakdown anodization (RBA) and ultrafast room-temperature crystallization (URTC). The prepared TiO₂ was deposited on a self-made fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) conductive glass, and the FTO/TiO₂ system was sensitized using curcumin dye. The DSSC was constructed by sandwiching the FTO/TiO₂/curcumin electrode with an I⁻/I₂ electrolyte and a transparent carbon counter electrode prepared using a liquid–liquid interface system. The characterization results showed that the TiO₂ freshly prepared via URTC was transformed into an anatase crystalline phase, which exhibited a 3.10 …

Study Of Antioxidant Activity Of The Derivatives Of Quinoline-4-Carboxylic Acids By The Modification Of Isatin Via Pfitzinger Reaction, Sakti Hidayati Fikriya, Antonius Herry Cahyana

Makara Journal of Science

In this study, a quinoline-4-carboxylic acid derivative was synthesized through Pfitzinger reaction. In this reaction, isatin is modified via its reaction with ketone and refluxed for 24 h to obtain quinoline-4-carboxylic acid. The presence of a carboxylic group was identified by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry. The results showed that the absorption peaks of C=O and O–H stretching’s were detected in the range of 1724–1708 and 3436–3242 cm⁻¹, respectively. In the UV-vis spectrum, a shift in the absorption peak was observed toward a larger wavelength, which is referred as a bathochromic shift. The formation …

Physicochemical Changes And Role Of Analytical Chemistry In Black Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) Processing, Surjani Wonorahardjo, Dian Puspita Sari, Arini Salsabila, Estiyawati Estiyawati, Dewi Yuliani, Anugrah Ricky Wijaya, Suharti Suharti, Irma Kartika Kusumaningrum, Chariztya Anggita Maharani, Thjiong Angelina Noviyanti

Makara Journal of Science

Black garlic is a traditional spice having potential of herbal medicine; however, continuous heating darkens its color and changes its taste due to chemical processes and new equilibrium in the system. In this study, fresh garlic was processed into black garlic at 60 °C for 24 days. Changes in physical and chemical parameters, such as browning and protein content, reducing sugar content, and antioxidative components were recorded. Protein content was measured by Kjeldahl method, brown color development was analyzed using a color reader, reducing sugar was examined using a dinitro salicylic DNS reagent, and antioxidative activities were studied with a …

Symbiotic Ucyn-A Strains Co-Occurred With El Niño, Relaxed Upwelling, And Varied Eukaryotes Over 10 Years Off Southern California, Colette Fletcher-Hoppe, Yi-Chun Yeh, Yubin Raut, J. L. Weissman, Jed A. Fuhrman

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Biological nitrogen fixation, the conversion of N₂ gas into a bioavailable form, is vital to sustaining marine primary production. Studies have shifted beyond traditionally studied tropical diazotrophs. Candidatus Atelocyanobacterium thalassa (or UCYN-A) has emerged as a focal point due to its streamlined metabolism, intimate partnership with a haptophyte host, and broad distribution. Here, we explore the environmental parameters that govern UCYN-A’s presence at the San Pedro Ocean Time-series (SPOT), its host specificity, and statistically significant interactions with non-host eukaryotes from 2008-2018. 16S and 18S rRNA gene sequences were amplified by “universal primers” from monthly samples and resolved into Amplicon …

Applications In Opioid Analysis With Faims Through Control Of Vapor Phase Solvent Modifiers, Nathan Grimes

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Field Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometry (FAIMS), often coupled with mass spectrometry (MS), offers rapid analytical ion filtration, useful in reducing matrix interference and differentiating isomeric compounds. This study focuses on augmenting FAIMS-MS analyses through the incorporation of gas phase solvents, or "modifiers," inducing dynamic microsolvation, a particularly potent method of analysis enhancement.

Initially, the research utilized a bubbler-based system, incorporating a humidity sensor, improving modifier concentration control when using water. Our application in opioid detection and differentiation revealed considerable advancements. Notably, an increased peak capacity in an opioid mixture and successful separation of the isobaric opioid pair, alfentanil and ortho-isopropyl …

Study On Versatile S(Vi) Reagents Towards Synthesis Of S(Iv) And S(Vi) Functional Groups, Shun Teng

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation mainly covers the latest methodology development in the field of sulfur-containing functional groups in synthetic chemistry. There are two parts. The first part is the asymmetric synthesis of sulfoximines, sulfonimidamides, sulfonimidoyl fluorides, and sulfinamides enabled by a versatile enantiopure S(VI) reagent. The second part is the Grignard reagent-triggered divergent S-editing synthesis via a bench-stable S(VI) reagent.

In the first part, the asymmetric synthesis of sulfoximines, sulfonimidamides, sulfonimidoyl fluorides, and sulfinamides is reported. This report focuses on the development of a bifunctional S(VI) reagent and its utility in synthesis. It employed the enhanced stability of sulfonimidoyl fluorides and the …

Synthesis, Characterization, And Separation Of Loaded Liposomes For Drug Delivery, Sandra Khalife

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Liposomes are viable candidates for drug delivery vehicles due to their ability to protect loaded compounds, dampen side effects of drugs, and be delivered to target sites in the body. The amphipathic nature of these lipid vesicles makes them very customizable through careful selection of bilayer and aqueous core components as well as synthetic and downsizing methods. However, synthetic methods may result in unencapsulated compounds remaining present alongside loaded liposomes, which require removal before the liposome suspension can be used.

This work explores the use of model DOPC as well as DOPC and CHOL liposomes and the methods that were …

Salinivibrio Sp. Eagsl As A Halophilic And Ectoine-Producing Bacteria For Broad Microbial Electrochemistry Applications, Isaac P.A. Guynn, Kevin Beaver, Erin M. Gaffney, Ana Bonizol Zani, Ashwini Dantanarayana, Shelley D. Minteer

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Salini vibrio sp. EAGSL (S. EAGSL) is an extremophile that was isolated from the Great Salt Lake (UT, USA) in 2017, and this strain has since been the focus of promising research in the field of microbial electrochemistry. Namely, S. EAGSL is an organism with both halotolerance and electroactivity, giving this microbe the unique ability to bridge the gap between power output and halotolerance in microbial fuel cells. While studying the genome, a biosynthetic gene for ectoine was identified. Ectoine is an osmolyte that is deemed a value-added chemical due to its ability to stabilize proteins and other biomolecules in …

Computational Qsar & Molecular Docking Of Anti- Inflammatory Asthma Drugs Against Human Serum Albumin: A Computational Approach Towards Drug Design & Drug Discovery, Sara Alkarimy

Theses and Dissertations

There is a growing need for medications to fight deep-rooted and new diseases because of their socioeconomic consequences, as evidenced by the COVID-19 epidemic which slowed down the economy and affected the social life of mankind globally. This work is a step among many other steps undertaken by research around the world in order to achieve this objective. Asthma is one of the diseases that causes the death of thousands of lives every year. This work aims at the development of novel anti-inflammatory asthma drugs where the quantum chemical descriptors of eleven anti-inflammatory asthma drugs including Ambroxol, Amoxicillin, Budesonide, Fluticasone, …

Effect Of Dual Inhibition Of Atypical Pkc Signaling And Pi3k/Akt Signaling On Cell Viability And Apoptosis In Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (Ccrcc)., Khandker M. Khalid

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer (85%); 75% of the cases involve conventional clear cell RCC (ccRCC). The choice of treatments recommended for clear cell carcinoma and non-clear cell carcinoma include partial nephrectomy (Stage I), radical nephrectomy (Stages II and III), and chemotherapy (stage IV). Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors can be a viable candidate in the chemotherapy of ccRCC because the PI3K/Akt pathway is frequently activated in RCC. Hence, PI3K inhibitors like Alpelisib (BYL719) can be chosen as a treatment. In addition, aPKCs (PKC-ί and PKC ζ) are overexpressed in most cancer cells, and they …

Investigation Of Challenging Transformations In Gold Catalysis, Qi Tang

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation mainly contains three parts: 1) Divergent gold catalysis for alkyne trifunctionalization, encompassing three distinct modes to achieve the simultaneous formation of C-N, C-O, and C-C bonds in a single step 2) the study and development of a new method to synthesize azaborine derivatives; and 3) the construction of benzotriazole boranes (BTAB) as stable four-coordinate N-B heterocycles through gold-catalyzed alkyne hydroboration.

In the first part, alkyne trifunctionalization via divergent gold catalysis will be introduced. This novel approach involves a sequence of reactions that combine gold π-activation, vinyl gold nucleophilic addition, and gold (III) reductive elimination. By utilizing this methodology, …

Cationic Polymer Coating Increases The Catalytic Activity Of Gold Nanoparticles Toward Anionic Substrates, Nicholas Langer, Mason Legrand, Ofer Kedem

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Organic coatings on catalytic metal nanoparticles (NPs) typically hinder their activity due to the blocking of active sites. Therefore, considerable effort is made to remove organic ligands when preparing supported NP catalytic materials. Here, cationic polyelectrolyte coatings are shown to increase the catalytic activity of partially embedded gold nanoislands (Au NIs) toward transfer hydrogenation and oxidation reactions with anionic substrates compared to the activity of identical but uncoated Au NIs. Any potential steric hindrance caused by the coating is countered by a decrease in the activation energy of the reaction by half, resulting in overall enhancement. The direct comparison to …

Square-Wave Voltammetry Enables Measurement Of Light-Activated Oxidations And Reductions On N-Type Semiconductor/Metal Junction Light-Addressable Electrochemical Sensors, Enock G. Arthur, Hana Ali, Armeen Hussain, Glen D. O’Neil

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Light-addressable electrochemical (LAE) sensing is a photoelectrochemical technique that enables high-density, individually addressed electrochemical measurements using light to activate an electrochemical reaction at the surface of a semiconducting photoelectrode. However, one major challenge is that only one electrochemical reaction (oxidation or reduction) will be activated by light. Here, we used square-wave voltammetry (SWV) to enable measurement of both types of electrochemical reactions using n-Si/Au NP LAE sensors. We demonstrated this approach for the oxidation of ferrocene methanol and the reduction of ruthenium hexamine and methylene blue. We found that for all molecules, SWV showed dramatic improvements in current under illumination …

Gold-Catalyzed Diyne-Ene Cyclization: Synthesis Of Hetero Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons And 1,2-Dihydropyridines, Jingwen Wei

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Homogeneous gold catalysts are known as a powerful tool for selectively activating alkynes and are well-developed in the construction of C-C, C-N, and C-O bonds to form complex compounds that are widely used in pharmaceuticals, industries, agriculture, etc. The investigation of gold(I) catalysis on conjugated diyne (compounds having two acetylene groups) enriches the complexity of the bond construction and allows the building of interesting skeletons in organic synthesis. One typical kind of substrate, diyne-ene, has both a conjugated diyne part and a 1,6- enyne part. We developed a new methodology to allow its divergent synthesis to heterocycles.

This dissertation mainly …

Raw Diffraction Data For 1tel-Aa-Vwa (Sumo), Wwpdb Id: 7n1o, Moriah H. Mathis, Braydan D. Bezzant, Diana T. Ramírez, Supeshala D. Nawarathnage, Tzanko I. Doukov, James Moody

ScholarsArchive Data

This X-ray diffraction dataset was collected on October 21Oct2020 at SSRL Beamline BL9-2. The crystal was of Batch 1 1TEL-AA-vWa (SUMO) The solved structure used frames 1-999 and has been deposited in the wwPDB under the PDB ID 7N1O. This data can be readily processed using XDS, AutoProc, CCP4, HKL2000/3000, or other crystallographic X-ray diffraction data processing software. The files have a human-readable header but are otherwise binary.

Raw Diffraction Data For 3tel-Hlx-Darpin (Sumo), Wwpdb Id: 7n2b, Supeshala D. Nawarathnage, Parag Laljibhai Gajjar, Derick R. Bunn, Cameron Stewart, Tzanko I. Doukov, James Moody

ScholarsArchive Data

This X-ray diffraction dataset was collected on October 21Oct2020 at SSRL Beamline BL9-2. The crystal was of 3TEL-hlx-DARPin (SUMO) The solved structure used frames 1-1799 and has been deposited in the wwPDB under the PDB ID 7N2B. This data can be readily processed using XDS, AutoProc, CCP4, HKL2000/3000, or other crystallographic X-ray diffraction data processing software. The files have a human-readable header but are otherwise binary.

Investigating The Structure Of The Oxide On Ni-Cr-Mo Alloys While Presenting A Method For Analysis Of Complex Oxides Using Quases, Adam M. Morgan, Jeffrey D. Henderson, Brad A. Kobe, Mark Biesinger, James J. Noel

Chemistry Publications

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a technique that is widely used to studythin oxide films because of its extremely high surface sensitivity. Utilizing theQUASES (Quantitative Analysis of Surfaces by Electron Spectroscopy) software pack-age developed by Sven Tougaard (University of Southern Denmark), a user canobtain additional information that is not extracted in conventional XPS analysis, spe-cifically the composition as a function of depth. Presented here is the QUASES analy-sis of four Ni-Cr-Mo alloys performed while testing various inelastic mean free path(IMFP) determination methods in the context of providing a framework for the analy-sis of complex oxides in QUASES. Ni-Cr-Mo alloys are …

Atomistic Assessment Of Drug-Phospholipid Interactions Consequent To Cancer Treatment: A Study Of Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity, Yara Elsayed Ahmed

Theses and Dissertations

Despite being one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents developed to date, Anthracyclines are notorious for their cardiotoxicity. Their clinical use is frequently limited both in dosage and in prescription due to the severe cardiac damage they cause. The mechanism of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is not yet fully understood. However, it is hypothesized that interactions with the myocardial membrane play an important role in imparting cardiotoxicity. In this study, we use molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations to study the anthracycline drug molecules and the interactions that they have with the myocardial membrane. We construct a myocardial membrane model …

Long-Term Degradation Mechanisms In Application-Implemented Radical Thin Films, Ewa Malgorzata Nowik-Boltyk, Tobias Junghoefer, Mathias Glaser, Erika Giangrisostomi, Ruslan Ovsyannikov, Shuyang Zhang, Chan Shu, Andrzej Rajca, Arrigo Calzolari, M. Benedetta Casu

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Blatter radical derivatives are very attractive due to their potential applications, ranging from batteries to quantum technologies. In this work, we focus on the latest insights regarding the fundamental mechanisms of radical thin film (long-term) degradation, by comparing two Blatter radical derivatives. We find that the interaction with different contaminants (such as atomic H, Ar, N, and O and molecular H₂, N₂, O₂, H₂O, and NH₂) affects the chemical and magnetic properties of the thin films upon air exposure. Also, the radical-specific site, where the contaminant interaction takes place, plays …

Stepwise Assembly Of Quinary Multivariate Metal−Organic Frameworks Via Diversified Linker Exchange And Installation, Yuchen Hu, Xin Zhang, Rebecca Shu Hui Khoo, Christian Fiankor, Xu Zhang, Jian Zhang

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Multivariate MOFs (MTV-MOFs) constructed from multiple components with atomistic precision hold the promise for many fascinating developments in both fundamental sciences and applications. Sequential linker installation can be an effective method to introduce different functional linkers into an MOF that contains coordinatively unsaturated metal sites. However, in many cases, these linkers must be installed according to a specific sequence and the complete synthetic flexibility and freedom is yet to be realized. Here, we rationally decreased the size of the primary ligand used in NPF-300, a Zr-MOF with scu topology (NPF = Nebraska Porous Framework), and synthesized its isostructure, NPF-320. NPF-320 …

Simulations Of Intruder-Free X-Ray Transient Absorption And Time-Resolved X-Ray Scattering For Probing Attosecond Electron Dynamics, Mengqi Yang

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The motion of electrons plays a fundamental role in both physics and chemistry, and capturing such dynamics requires the ability to resolve changes at the attosecond timescale, which is enabled by the advent of ultrashort laser pulses. This dissertation aims to facilitate the interpretation of ultrafast electron dynamics and attosecond spectroscopy by real-time time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT) simulations. The first part of this dissertation focuses on improving the simulation of X-ray transient absorption spectra (XTAS) with Gaussian basis sets in RT-TDDFT by applying a filter to the transition dipole matrix. Due to the spatial limitation of atom-centered Gaussian functions, …

Supramolecular Architectures Generated By Self-Assembly Of Guanosine And Isoguanosine Derivatives, Mengjia Liu

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation is primarily divided into three parts: 1) Anion, solvent-mediated, tunable self-assemblies of isoguanosine (isoG). 2) Post-assembly modification of the non-covalent isoG-pentaplex for Cesium extraction. 3) Supramolecular asymmetric amine catalysis.

The structural conformational design of the isoG decamer was employed for systematic investigations involving various substituted groups at the C8 position of purine and ribose. A series of isoG analogs with C8-phenyl substitutions were synthesized and utilized for Cesium coordination. The proximity between purine and ribose structures limited pentaplex formation for C8-phenyl substituted isoG derivatives. Based on this observation, a deoxy isoG derivative with a modified ribose was employed …

Gold(I)-Hydroarylation In Polymer Modification – Alkynes And Alkenes With Unexpected Reactivity, Samuel B. Hunt

Dissertations

Polymer modification is crucial for developing new properties and materials from recalcitrant waste polymers. Synthetically, polymers possess a chemical inertness that renders their functionalization challenging. Specifically, the omnipresence of C–H bonds in all commercial polymers endows their chemical resistance. Thus, developments in C–H activation chemistry are crucial to polymer diversification processes and allow for fundamental insight into the role of material processing conditions on novel chemical reactions. Au(I)-chemistry has recently come to the fore owing to a unique chemical reactivity nonexistent with other transition metals. The alkynophilicity of Au(I), in tandem with their insensitivity to common polymer processing conditions (air, …

Environmental Impact Assessment (Eia) Of As, Se, Sn, And Hg In Water And Sediments From The Egyptian Red Sea Ports, Lamiaa I. Mohamedein, Khalid M. El-Moselhy, Mohamed A. El-Sawy

Blue Economy

Background: Pollution monitoring is an important tool to protect the marine ecosystems where ports had been seen as a source of contamination affecting the public wellbeing. Methods: Therefore, in the present study, surface seawater and surficial sediment samples were collected from 19 stations covering six ports of the Egyptian Red Sea during summer 2017 and winter 2018. The concentrations of As, Se, Sn, and Hg were determined using the Hydride system MH10 coupled with atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: The obtained data revealed that mean values of AS, Se, Sn and Hg for water samples were ranged between …

Implementation And Assessment Of A Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience (Cure) In General Chemistry, Alissa Potts

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) are growing in popularity in the chemistry community to replace traditional laboratory courses. This approach creates a research experience for a larger number of students than traditional research mentorship experiences offered at universities. CUREs can help students take ownership of projects, learn to design and troubleshoot experimental setups, problem-solve experiments that don’t have a “known answer”, and gain confidence in the laboratory. To assess the effectiveness of a general chemistry laboratory-based CURE course with DePaul students, the Experimental Design Ability Test (EDAT) and the Meaningful Learning in the Laboratory Instrument (MLLI) survey were given to …

Chemical And Genetic Composition Analysis Of Organic And Nonorganic Tortilla Chips, Aubrey White-Day

Honors Theses

The aim of this study was to explore the chemical and genetic differences between organic and nonorganic tortilla chips using GC-MS and PCR. Twenty chip brands were selected: 10 organic and 10 nonorganic. A survey on shopping preferences was created and distributed to compare results of public opinion to experimental data. It yielded 212 responses. All organic chip brands, and one out of ten nonorganic chip brands, tested negative for GMOs. This study concluded that there are minimal chemical differences based on Jaccard similarity indicies and stark genetic differences between organic and nonorganic tortilla chips. In comparing statistical analyses to …

Simulating Water Adsorption In Metal–Organic Frameworks With Open Metal Sites Using The 12-6-4 Lennard–Jones Potential, Alicia Y. Leem, Haoyuan Chen

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Chemistry)

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with coordinatively unsaturated open metal sites (OMSs) are promising sorbent materials in atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) systems at low relative humidity (RH) due to their strong interactions with water molecules. However, accurate computational modelling of water adsorption in those materials are challenging, as standard force fields (FFs) based on the 12-6 Lennard–Jones (L–J) potential cannot properly describe the water–OMS interactions. In biomolecular simulations, the 12-6-4 L–J potential has been successfully used to model metal ion–water interactions in which the extra 1/r4-term is for charge-induced dipole electrostatics. In this work, we adopted this strategy and used …

Updating The Dual C And O Isotope—Gas-Exchange Model: A Concept To Understand Plant Responses To The Environment And Its Implications For Tree Rings, Rolf T. W. Siegwolf, Marco M. Lehmann, Gregory R. Goldsmith, Olga V. Churakova (Sidorova), Cathleen Mirande-Ney, Galina Timoveeva, Rosmarie B. Weigt, Matthias Saurer

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

The combined study of carbon (C) and oxygen (O) isotopes in plant organic matter has emerged as a powerful tool for understanding plant functional responses to environmental change. The approach relies on established relationships between leaf gas exchange and isotopic fractionation to derive a series of model scenarios that can be used to infer changes in photosynthetic assimilation and stomatal conductance driven by changes in environmental parameters (CO₂, water availability, air humidity, temperature, nutrients). We review the mechanistic basis for a conceptual model, in light of recently published research, and discuss where isotopic observations do not match our …

A Streptomyces Tendae Specialized Metabolite Inhibits Quorum Sensing In Group A Streptococcus, Vanessa M. Nepomuceno, Kaitlyn M. Tylor, Skylar Carlson, Michael J. Federle, Brian T. Murphy, Tiara Perez Morales

Pacific Faculty Work

Quorum sensing (QS) is a means of bacterial communication accomplished by microbe-produced signals and sensory systems. QS systems regulate important population-wide behaviors in bacteria, including secondary metabolite production, swarming motility, and bioluminescence. The human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus [GAS]) utilizes Rgg-SHP QS systems to regulate biofilm formation, protease production, and activation of cryptic competence pathways. Given their reliance on small-molecule signals, QS systems are attractive targets for small-molecule modulators that would then affect gene expression. In this study, a high-throughput luciferase assay was employed to screen an Actinobacteria-derived secondary metabolite (SM) fraction library to identify small molecule inhibitors …