Chemistry Commons^™

Reversible Mechanical Deformations Of Soft Microchannel Networks For Sensing In Soft Robotic Systems, Abhiteja Konda, Donghee Lee, Taesun You, Xiaoyan Wang, Sangjin Ryu, Stephen Morin

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Microfluidics has enabled numerous applications in, for example, analytical chemistry, medical diagnostics, microelectronics, and soft robotics. In most of these applications, the geometries of the microchannels are of fixed dimensions that (ideally) remain invariant during operation. In soft robotics, however, the geometries of the microchannels contained in soft actuation systems are inherently dynamic, and the specific dimensions are expected to change during operation, and, by extension, the fluid transport properties of the system are variable. If this characteristic is not properly considered, or if methods are not developed to control it, the progress of soft robotic devices with distributed fluid …

Design Of Single-Molecule Multiferroics For Efficient Ultrahigh-Density Nonvolatile Memories, Qing Yang, Tingting Zhong, Zhengyuan Tu, Lin Zhu, Menghao Wu, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

It is known that an isolated single-molecule magnet tends to become super- paramagnetic even at an ultralow temperature of a few Kelvin due to the low spin switching barrier. Herein, single-molecule ferroelectrics/multiferroics is proposed, as the ultimate size limit of memory, such that every molecule can store 1 bit data. The primary strategy is to identify polar molecules that possess bistable states, moderate switching barriers, and polarizations fixed along the vertical direction for high-density perpendicular recording. First- principles computation shows that several selected magnetic metal porphyrin molecules possess buckled structures with switchable vertical polarizations that are robust at ambient conditions. …

Glycoform Analysis Of Alpha1-Acid Glycoprotein By Capillary Electrophoresis Using Electrophoretic Injection, Chenhua Zhang, William Clarke, David S. Hage

David Hage Publications

Human alpha₁-acid glycoprotein (AGP) is an acute phase glycoprotein that has a heterogeneous glycosylation pattern. This pattern can change in certain diseases, which has resulted in interest in using AGP glycoforms as potential biomarkers for these diseases. This report describes a method that uses capillary electrophoresis to characterize and analyze AGP glycoforms both in purified samples of AGP and in human serum. This method uses static and dynamic coatings of poly (ethylene oxide) that are applied to a silica capillary for separation of AGP glycoforms in the reversed-polarity mode of CE and in the presence of negligible electroosmotic …

Characterization Of The Microbial Phosphonate-Activating Pntc Enzymes, Kyle Rice

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

New strategies are urgently needed to combat infectious diseases in an era of rising antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, an emerging appreciation for the human microbiome’s role in maintaining health motivates discovery of species-specific antibiotics that minimally disrupt our native bacterial communities. Small molecule modifications to bacterial cell surfaces represent a potentially rich source of new targets for next generation antibiotics, as these molecules mediate virulence and evasion of the host immune response. Phosphocholine (PCho) is a rare cell surface modification that contributes to virulence, and modifications with phosphonates like 2-aminoethylphosphonate (AEP) are even more unusual and therefore provide opportunities for species- …

Nanoscale Building Blocks: Bridging The Gap Between Potential And Realized Applications, Nicole Ritter

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The vast potential of nanoparticles and nanotechnology remains largely untapped; the crucial bottleneck being the knowledge gap between making and using nanoparticles (NPs). This PhD work bridges this gap by focusing on synthesizing nanoparticles with applications at the forefront. Four peer-reviewed publications are presented in Chapters 3-6, a safety and toxicological perspective is given in Chapter 7, and current work and future progress are summarized in Appendix 1. Bimorphic silver nanoparticles were prepared, presenting an innovative method to synthesize diverse nanostructures using polymeric surface blocking to break symmetry in seeded regrowth (Chapter 3).¹ Silver stars with D_5h symmetry …

Electrochemical Amperometric Biosensor Applications Of Nanostructured Metal Oxides: A Review, Bünyamin Sahin, Tolga Kaya

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications

Biological sensors have been extensively investigated during the last few decades. Among the diverse facets of biosensing research, nanostructured metal oxides (NMOs) offer a plethora of potential benefits. In this article, we provide a thorough review on the sensor applications of NMOs such as glucose, cholesterol, urea, and uric acid. A detailed analysis of the literature is presented with organized tables elaborating the fundamental characteristics of sensors including the sensitivity, limit of detection, detection range, and stability parameters such as duration, relative standard deviation, and retention. Further analysis was provided through an innovative way of displaying the sensitivity and linear …

Nanomaterials For Double-Stranded Rna Delivery, Stuart Lichtenberg

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

RNA interference has enormous potential as a potent, specific, and environmentally friendly alternative to small molecule pesticides for crop protection. The use of exogenous double-stranded RNA offers flexibility in targeting and use in crops in which transgenic manipulation is not an option. The combination of RNAi with nanotechnology offers further advantages that are not available with dsRNA alone. In this work, I have evaluated several different combinations of nanomaterials and polymers for use in RNAi-based pest control systems. First, I have characterized the use of chitosan/dsRNA polyplex nanoparticles for gene knockdown using the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Though chitosan/dsRNA …

Water Dispersible Α-Mangostin By Self-Assembly Process, Jutamad Bumrung

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

α-Mangostin, major bioactive compounds in Garcinia mangostana Linn, displays various interesting biological activities. However, the poor water solubility of α-mangostin has limited its use in the cosmetics and pharmaceutics. Here, we solve α-mangostin's solubility by creating water dispersible α-mangostin particles through self-assembly process with no need of any auxiliary agents such as polymers or surfactants. The simple and upscalable process gives 100% pure α-mangostin spherical particles with nanometer sizes. FT-IR result suggests that intermolecular interaction among α-mangostin molecules in the nanoparticles is weaker than that of the original α-mangostin solid. The lower thermal stability of the particles as compared to …

การสังเคราะห์พรีเคอร์เซอร์เชื้อเพลิงชีวภาพผ่านแอลดอลคอนเดนเซชันของเฟอร์ฟิวรัลและ 2-บิวทาโนนบนตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยา Srtio3/Sba-15, ธนัทย์ชัย มีมานะ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้ศึกษาการสังเคราะห์พรีเคอร์เซอร์เชื้อเพลิงชีวภาพจากเฟอร์ฟิวรัลและ 2-บิวทาโนนผ่านแอลดอลคอนเดนเซชัน ตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาที่ใช้ในแอลดอลคอนเดนเซชันเป็นโลหะออกไซด์ผสมที่ได้จากสตรอนเทียมไททาเนต (SrTiO3) ที่มีปริมาณสตรอนเทียมไททาเนตบนตัวรองรับ SBA15 ที่แตกต่างกัน (10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) และอัตราส่วนโดยโมลของ Sr : Ti ในช่วง 0.5 ถึง 2 ซึ่งเตรียมด้วยวิธีอิมเพรค จากนั้นนำมาเผาที่อุณหภูมิ 600 องศาเซลเซียส เป็นเวลา 4 ชั่วโมง จากการศึกษาสมบัติกายภาพและเคมีของตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาที่เตรียมได้ พบว่า 20STO(2:1)/SBA15 (ที่มีปริมาณสตรอนเทียมไททาเนตบนตัวรองรับร้อยละ 20 โดยน้ำหนัก และ อัตราส่วนโดยโมลของ Sr : Ti เท่ากับ 2) ซึ่งเตรียมด้วยวิธีอิมเพรค มีการกระจายตัวของสตรอนเทียมไททาเนตบนตัวรองรับ SBA15 ที่มีพื้นที่ผิวจำเพาะที่สูงและมีปริมาณตำแหน่งเบสรวมมากที่สุด แอลดอลคอนเดนเซชันของเฟอร์ฟิวรัลและ 2-บิวทาโนนเพื่อสังเคราะห์สารประกอบคาร์บอนิลไม่อิ่มตัวโซ่กิ่งทำในเครื่องปฏิกรณ์ออโตเคลฟภายใต้ความดันไนโตรเจน (10 บาร์) เมื่อวิเคราะห์ผลิตภัณฑ์ด้วยเทคนิคแก๊สโครมากราฟี-แมสสเปกโตสโกปี พบว่า ผลิตภัณฑ์หลักที่เกิดขึ้นเป็นสารประกอบคาร์บอนิลไม่อิ่มตัวที่มีโครงสร้างแบบโซ่ตรง และโซ่กิ่ง นอกจากนี้ยังพบผลิตภัณฑ์ C14 และ C13 ที่อุณหภูมิสูงและเวลาในการทำปฏิกิริยาที่นาน 20STO(2:1)/SBA15 เป็นตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาที่เหมาะสม โดยให้การเปลี่ยนของเฟอร์ฟิวรัลร้อยละ 53 โดยโมล และ ผลได้ของ C9B ร้อยละ 41 โดยโมล เมื่อใช้ภาวะที่เหมาะสม คือ ปริมาณตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยา 5% โดยน้ำหนัก, อัตราส่วนโดยโมลของเฟอร์ฟิวรัลต่อ 2-บิวทาโนน 1:5, อุณหภูมิในการทำปฏิกิริยา 100 องศาเซลเซียส และเวลาในการทำปฏิกิริยา 5 ชั่วโมง

ผลของตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาต่อคุณภาพของน้ำมันชีวภาพจากไพโรไลซิสชิ้นไม้ยูคาลิปตัสและซังข้าวโพดในเครื่องปฏิกรณ์เบดนิ่ง, วรเวช ศรีปราโมช

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้ศึกษาภาวะที่เหมาะสมสำหรับการไพโรไลซิสไม้ยูคาลิปตัสและซังข้าวโพดในเครื่องปฏิกรณ์แบบเบดนิ่ง พบว่าภาวะที่เหมาะสมสำหรับชีวมวลทั้งสองชนิดคือ เวลาทำปฏิกิริยาที่ 30 นาที อุณหภูมิ 500 องศาเซลเซียส และขนาดอนุภาคของชีวมวลระหว่าง 0.50-0.71 มิลลิเมตร ส่วนอัตราการไหลแก๊สไนโตรเจนสำหรับไม้ยูคาลิปตัสคือ 120 มิลลิลิตรต่อนาที และสำหรับ ซังข้าวโพดคือ 80 มิลลิลิตรต่อนาที ให้ผลได้น้ำมันชีวภาพสูงสุดของไม้ยูคาลิปตัสและซังข้าวโพดที่ร้อยละ 31.69 และ 22.01 โดยน้ำหนัก ตามลำดับ โดยน้ำมันชีวภาพจากชีวมวลทั้งสองชนิดให้ค่าความร้อนสูงขึ้นและใกล้เคียงกันคือ 23.14 และ 23.27 เมกะจูล/กิโลกรัม ตามลำดับ สอดคล้องกับอัตราส่วน H/C และ O/C ของน้ำมันชีวภาพจากชีวมวลทั้งสองชนิดที่มีค่าต่ำกว่าในชีวมวล เมื่อวิเคราะห์องค์ประกอบของน้ำมันชีวภาพพบว่าส่วนใหญ่เป็นสารในกลุ่มฟีนอล รองลงมาคือสารในกลุ่มกรดคาร์บอกซิลิก แอลดีไฮด์ อีเทอร์ คีโทน ไฮโดรคาร์บอน แซ็กคาไรด์ และสารที่มีปริมาณน้อยสุดคือสารในกลุ่มฟูแรน และจากการศึกษาผลของตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาโดโลไมต์และเอฟซีซีใช้แล้ว พบว่าปริมาณตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาที่เหมาะสมสำหรับชีวมวลทั้งสองชนิดคือร้อยละ 5 โดยน้ำหนัก และตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาทั้งสองชนิดไม่มีผลอย่างมีนัยสำคัญต่อการลดออกซิเจนในน้ำมันชีวภาพ

การเตรียมพีเอ็มเอ็มเอ-ซิลิกานาโนคอมพอสิตผ่านราฟต์อิมัลชันพอลิเมอไรเซชันและไฮบริดเมมเบรนสำหรับเพอร์แวพอเรชัน, เกื้อชนม์ ศรีสัมฤทธิ์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

พีเอ็มเอ็มเอ-ซิลิกานาโนคอมพอสิตอิมัลชันถูกสังเคราะห์ผ่านราฟต์อิมัลชันพอลิเมอไรเซชันควบคู่กับเทคนิคดิฟเฟอเรนเชียลไมโครอิมัลชันพอลิเมอไรเซชัน งานวิจัยนี้ศึกษาผลของความเข้มข้นของสารมาโคร-ราฟต์ และปริมาณอนุภาคซิลิกา ต่อร้อยละการเปลี่ยนมอนอเมอร์ ขนาดอนุภาคเฉลี่ย และประสิทธิภาพการห่อหุ้มซิลิกา พบว่า พีเอ็มเอ็มเอ-ซิลิกา นาโนคอมพอสิตมีค่าร้อยละการเปลี่ยนมอนอเมอร์ที่สูง ขนาดอนุภาคเฉลี่ยมีค่า 57.6 นาโนเมตร ที่ภาวะการเติมอนุภาคซิลิการ้อยละ 10 โดยน้ำหนักของมอนอเมอร์ ภาพจากกล้องจุลทรรศน์ อิเล็กตรอนแบบส่องผ่าน แสดงลักษณะทางสัณฐานวิทยาของพีเอ็มเอ็มเอ-ซิลิกานาโนคอมพอสิตแสดง โครงสร้างอนุภาคแกน-เปลือกระดับนาโน จากนั้นเตรียมยางธรรมชาติ/พีเอ็มเอ็มเอ- ซิลิกาไฮบริดเมมเบรนด้วยวิธีผสมโดยตรง ผลที่ได้แสดงให้เห็นความสามารถ ในการพัฒนาสมบัติเชิงกลและสมบัติเชิงความร้อนของพีเอ็มเอ็มเอ-ซิลิกา นาโนคอมพอสิตในไฮบริดเมมเบรน และมากไปกว่านั้นการประยุกต์ใช้ไฮบริด เมมเบรนในกระบวนการเพอร์แวพอเรชัน อนุภาคพีเอ็มเอ็มเอ-ซิลิกานาโนคอมพอสิต สามารถเพิ่มค่าการซึมผ่านของน้ำและประสิทธิภาพการแยกใน ยางธรรมชาติ/พีเอ็มเอ็มเอ-ซิลิกาไฮบริดเมมเบรน โดยการปรับปรุงพื้นผิวของเมมเบรน ยางธรรมชาติให้มีค่าสมบัติชอบน้ำสูงขึ้น ดังนั้นพีเอ็มเอ็มเอ-ซิลิกานาโนคอมพอสิตมี ศักยภาพที่จะนำไปใช้เป็นสารตัวเติมประสิทธิภาพสูงสำหรับเทคโนโลยีการแยกสาร

Chemical Constituents From The Roots Of Cratoxylum Cochinchinense, Peeravat Natrsanga

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The phytochemical investigation of the CH2Cl2 extract from the roots of Cratoxylum cochinchinense led to the isolation of four new xanthone derivatives, namely cratochinone A-D (1-4), along with sixteen known xanthones (5-20). Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods, especially spectroscopic data (1D and 2D NMR) as well as comparison with those reported in the literature for known xanthones. Moreover, all isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines (KB, HeLa S-3, HT-29, MCF-7 and Hep G2 cell lines). Compounds 2, 7, and 9 showed significant cytotoxic effects against all cell lines with IC₅₀ values …

Investigating Paraben 3,5-Substitution Effects On Estrogen Receptor Binding, Zachary Morgan

Longwood Senior Theses

Paraben, a compound formerly found in cosmetics, has been found to bind the Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ERα), a receptor found primarily in reproductive tissues. In paraben binding the ERα, the risk of breast cancer increases. In order to better understand how 3,5-substituted paraben derivatives bind the ER, Molecular Operating Environment was used to calculate the interaction energy associated with binding these substrates to the ER. It was found that substituted paraben molecules exhibit a weaker binding to the ER, whereas paraben molecules with varying alkyl chains bind stronger to the ER. Further, in comparing molecular and bimolecular docking data, it …

Videotaping Experiments In An Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Course At Pace University, Elmer-Rico E. Mojica, Rita K. Upmacis

Faculty Papers and Publications

Instructional videos for laboratory experiments performed in an analytical chemistry course were developed to show undergraduate students enrolled in the course how to conduct experiments. Students watched the videos before coming to the laboratory class. The effectiveness of using these videos was evaluated via a postlaboratory survey. The overall response to these videos was positive, with students reporting that the videos helped them to prepare beforehand and to understand the concepts covered in the experiment. The shortened discussion time at the beginning of class resulted in more laboratory time for the students to focus on performing the experiment and for …

Copper-Mediated N1-Arylation Of Benzotriazoles, Magdalena R. Andrzejewska

Dissertations and Theses

Benzotriazoles are group of bicyclic heterocyclic compounds that contain three nitrogen atoms fused to a benzene ring. Along with their derivatives, they possess a wide range of properties. They are used in medical field, as they exhibit such properties as antibacterial,antiplasmoidal,antiprotozoal, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities, among others. They are also used in various industries as herbicides, UV absorbers, deicing and antiicing agents and corrosion inhibitors, to list a few. Because of their wide range of applications, we designed a new two-step synthesis for the formation of N-1-aryl benzotriazoles. 1-Hydroxy-1H-benzotriazole N-oxides were synthesized using phenylboronic acid (PhB(OH) …

Tools For Understanding Static Structure Factors And Their Application To Simulations Of Liquids, Travis Mackoy

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations can be used to compute static structure factors (��(��)) and provide an interpretation of the underlying periodic atomic ordering. MD simulations complement experimentally measured ��(��) by allowing qualitative assignment of peaks to various ordering, such as cation-anion ordering in ionic liquids, via decomposition of ��(��) into partial ��(��). Here we present a method for classifying interatomic distances that allows for quantitative peak assignment and visualization of atoms that contribute most to each peak in calculated ��(��) for soft materials. The method is illustrated by investigating ��(��) for the ionic liquid 1-butyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (C4C1pyrrTFSI), which shows two …

Assessment Of Imagining And Material Characteristics Of A Radiopaque, Thermoresponsive Hydrogel For Intratumoral Administration To Solid Tumours, Seona Rossi, Timothy E. Murray, John Cassidy, Michael J. Lee, Helena M. Kelly

Articles

Introduction

Thermoresponsive hydrogels are gels which have different properties at varying temperatures. The objective of this study was to assess the material characteristics, imaging properties and chemotherapeutic drug release profile of a novel radiopaque thermoresponsive hydrogel, which is liquid at room temperature but solidifies at body temperature, to determine potential suitability for intratumoral delivery.

Materials and Methods

An iodinated radiopaque thermoresponsive hydrogel was formulated using iodixanol at a range of concentrations and assessed for sol-gel transition, radiopacity and imaging using CT and US. A lead formulation containing 9.22% w/w iodixanol was evaluated for injectability, disintegration and dual drug release of …

The Effect Of Curing And Zirconium Content On The Wettability And Structure Of A Silicate Hybrid Sol-Gel Material, Emma Machugh, Maikki Cullen, Alicja Kaworek, Brendan Duffy, Mohamed Oubaha

Articles

Functional hybrid sol-gel coatings have been developed for numerous applications with a wide range of wettabilities. This study proposes to investigate the relationship between the structure and the wetting properties of a zirconium modified silicate hybrid sol-gel coating. The structures of the coatings were altered by varying the content of zirconium, and the curing process, while keeping the sol-gel preparation conditions identical. The structure of the materials was characterized by FTIR, 29Si NMR and SEM. The thermal properties and the wettability are identified by DSC and contact angle measurements, respectively. By corroborating the structural and wettability analyses, it is shown …

Short Communication: A Simple Nanoparticle - Based Tio2 Memristor Device And The Role Of Defect Chemistry In Its Operation, Rafaela De Carvalho, Tony Betts, John Cassidy

Articles

A simple metal-semiconductor-metal device comprising TiO2 cast from a suspension of Degussa P25 and placed between two metal plates (Al/Al lap shears) demonstrated memristive-like resistive switching behaviour. A mechanism is proposed which relies upon the formation of p and n-type regions within the P25 semiconductor material ultimately leading to the formation of a p-n junction. This device also exhibited enhanced steady state currents upon the imposition of potential steps, most notably at higher potential magnitudes (both anodic and cathodic), indicating lack of ionic conduction.

Preliminary Results From The Farce 2015 Campaign: Multidisciplinary Study Of The Forest–Gas–Aerosol–Cloud System On The Tropical Island Of Laréunion, Valentin Duflot, Pierre Tulet, Olivier Flores, Christelle Barthe, Aurélie Colomb, Laurent Deguillaume, Mickael Vaïtilingom, Anne Perring, Alex Huffman, Markt. Hernandez, Karine Sellegri, Ellis Robinson, David J. O'Connor, Odessa M .Gomez, Frédéric Burnet, Thierry Bourrianne, Dominique Strasberg, Manon Rocco, Allan K Bertram, Patrick Chazette, Julien Totems, Pierre Stamenoff, Jean-Marc Metzger, Mathilde Chabasset, Clothilde Rousseau, Eric Bourrianne, Martine Sancelme, Anne-Marie Delort, Rachel E. Wegener, Cedric Chou, Pablo Elizondo

Articles

The Forests gAses aeRosols Clouds Exploratory (FARCE) campaign was conducted in March–April 2015 on the tropical island of La Réunion. For the first time, several scientific teams from different disciplines collaborated to provide reference measurements and characterization of LaRéunionvegetation,volatileorganiccompounds(VOCs), biogenic VOCs (BVOCs), (bio)aerosols and composition of clouds, with a strong focus on the Maïdo mountain slope area. The main observations obtained during this 2-month intensivefieldcampaignaresummarized.Theyincludecharacterizations of forest structure, concentrations of VOCs and precursors emitted by forests, aerosol loading and optical properties in the planetary boundary layer (PBL), formation of new particles by nucleation of gas-phase precursors, icenucleatingparticlesconcentrations,andbiologicalloadingin bothcloud-freeandcloudyconditions.SimulationsandmeasurementsconfirmthattheMaïdoObservatorylieswithinthe PBL from …

Experimental And Computational Studies Of Gas-Phase Metal Ion Catalysts, Elettra Ludovica Piacentino

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

In this thesis, the chemistry of three groups of transition metal coordination complexes

is reported: A series of zinc–based catalysts was evaluated for efficiency in decomposing

formic acid into molecular hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the gas phase. The effectiveness

of the catalysts in the series [LZn(H)]+, where L = terpyridine (tpy), phenantroline (phen)

or 2,2’-bipyrydine (bpy) was found to depend on the ligand used, which turned out to be fun

damental in tuning the catalytic properties of the zinc complex. Specifically, [(tpy)Zn(H)]+

displayed the fastest formic acid decomposition as observed inside a quadrupole ion trap mass

spectrometer. The catalysts …

Developing X-Ray Spectromicroscopic Techniques To Quantitatively Determine Population Statistics And Individual Particle Composition Of Complex Mixed Aerosols, Matthew Fraund

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Aerosols are a major source of uncertainty in estimates of anthropogenic effects on global radiative forcing and can pose serious health concerns. While many instrumental techniques capable of analyzing aerosol samples are available, individual-particle spectromicroscopic techniques like the ones presented here are the only ones to offer morphological and compositional measurements together. Studying the composition and mixing state of aerosol populations allowed for important aspects to be uncovered, such as: aerosol source, formation mechanism, hygroscopicity, optical properties, level of aging, and inhalation dangers. Ambient aerosols from the Amazon, both biogenic and anthropogenic, were apportioned based on their individual composition. Recently …

Approaches To The Search Of Platinum Anticancer Agents: Derivatizing Current Drugs And Incorporating Hdac Inhibition, Chao Feng

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Platinum-based anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin, have been approved for clinical use worldwide for decades. Despite their enormous success, their widespread application is hindered by either cross-resistance or toxic side effects, including nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity. The need to overcome these drawbacks has stimulated the search for new platinum-based drugs.

This dissertation will start with the accidental discovery of cisplatin, followed by an introduction of other platinum-based anticancer agents, including the action mechanism, general structures, and development history. Picoplatin is a newer generation of platinum-based anticancer agent. The bulky 2-methylpyridine as a non-leaving group on picoplatin could reduce …

Synthesis And Conformational Studies Of Various Amides, Marcos Beltran-Sanchez

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

In the past, aminocyclohexanol rings have been successfully utilized as pH-triggered molecular switches in various trans-2-aminocyclohexanol derivatives. By changing the groups on the amine nitrogen, these models provided a wide pH range in which a switch can occur. The pH-induced switch of conformation was monitored by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The models were also incorporated into the bilayer membrane of liposome structures and tested for their ability to disrupt their membrane upon their conformational flip induced by a decrease in pH.

In this work, the amide bond has been studied as a molecular switch and various amide derivatives have been tested for …

Volume 11, Jacob Carney, Ryan White, Joseph Hyman, Jenny Raven, Megan Garrett, Ibrahim Kante, Summer Meinhard, Lauren Johnson, William "Editha" Dean Howells, Laura Gottschalk, Christopher Siefke, Pink Powell, Natasha Woodmancy, Katharine Colley, Abbey Mays, Charlotte Potts

Incite: The Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship

Table of Contents:

Introduction, Dr. Roger A. Byrne, Dean

From the Editor, Dr. Larissa "Kat" Tracy

From the Designers, Rachel English, Rachel Hanson

Synthesis of 3,5-substituted Parabens and their Antimicrobial Properties, Jacob Coarney, Ryan White

Chernobyl: Putting "Perestroika" and "Glasnot" to the Test, Joseph Hyman

Art by Jenny Raven

Watering Down Accessibility: The Issue with Public Access to Alaska's Federal Waterways, Meagan Garrett

Why Has the Democratic Republic of the Congo outsourced its Responsibility to Educate its Citizens? Ibrahim Kante

Art by Summer Meinhard

A Computational Study of Single Molecule Diodes, Lauren Johnson

Satire of …

Avoiding Adverse Effects: New Ideas In Drug Discovery For Targeting Pparγ, Trey M. Patton

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) has been a drug target to treat type 2 diabetes for the last 20 years when rosiglitazone and pioglitazone were approved by the FDA in 1999. While effective at increasing insulin sensitivity, these drugs cause serious adverse effects due to their full agonist characteristics. For that reason, drug discovery efforts have attempted to reduce or prevent the amount of agonist character of new PPARγ targeting ligands. Unfortunately, there have been no new FDA approved drugs for the receptor. There is a need for new ideas to produce better quality pharmaceuticals that lessen the impact of …

Functionalized Peek Analogues From 2,4- And 3,5- Difluorobenzophenone Derivatives, Hannah Fetters

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The synthesis of N-heterocycle functionalized benzophenone-type monomers and their incorporation into poly(arylene ether ketone)s were explored. Two benzophenone derivatives, 2,4-difluorobenzophenone and 3,5-difluorobenzophenone, were successfully functionalized with a carbazole group, via a copper-catalyzed C-N coupling reaction. Structural characterization was provided by NMR spectroscopy, GC/MS, and elemental analysis. The monomers were covalently incorporated, at various molar ratios, into poly(arylene ether) systems by copolymerization with 4,4’-difluorodiphenylsulfone (DPS) and 4,4’-dihydroxydiphenyl ether (DPE), as well as 4,4’-difluorotriphenylphosphine oxide (dFTPPO) and DPE, via nucleophilic aromatic substitution (NAS) chemistry. Most polymeric materials synthesized provided sufficient molecular weights to cast durable films, and also possessed good thermal stability …

Solvation Properites Of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Using Chirped-Pulse Fourier-Transform Microwave Spectra Of Carbon Dioxide / 1, 1-Difluoroethene (Dfe) Mixtures, Tulana Ariyaratne Subasinghe Arachchige

Masters Theses

Supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-C0₂) is a highly utilized industrial substance identified as an excellent solvent and a surfactant, which is cheaper and less hazardous than other typical solvents. The higher solubility of fluorinated hydrocarbons than their hydrocarbon (HC) analogs is not well understood and the theory behind the microsolvation of sc-C0₂ cannot be fully explained with the existing chemical information. Microwave spectroscopy is a good method of identifying the structural arrangement of clusters made from fluorinated HCs and C0₂. I n this project, microwave scans of the four different mixtures of 1 , 1-difluoroethene (DFE) …

Metastable-State Photoacids: Synthesis, Properties, And Applications, Parth Patel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Reversible photochromic compounds have the ability to reversibly change its color when it absorbs photons of a particular wavelength. This process of color change is a consequence of structural changes within the compound, such as cis-trans photo-isomerization. Some examples of photochromic compounds are spiropyrans, spirooxazines, diarylethenes and azobenzenes. These compounds have been extensively studied for decades, and are used in various applications such as biomedicine, chemical sensors and harvesting solar energy. However, majority of photochromic compounds are initially activated by ultraviolet (UV) light. The use of UV light is harmful for biological applications and photo-degrade the compound over repeated use. …

The Characterization Of Condom Lubricants And Personal Hygiene Products Using Dart-Tofms And Gc- Ms And The Investigation Of Gold Nanoparticle Behavior In Water And The Interaction With Blood Serum Proteins, Yasmine Moustafa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation is divided into two independent research projects. First, condom lubricants, sexual lubricants, and personal hygiene products (PHPs) were studied using direct analysis in real time-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (DART-TOFMS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The purpose addressed the concern of perpetrators resorting to new tactics, i.e. using condoms to remove seminal fluid that could provide a DNA link to a suspect, leading to the need of the consideration of condom lubricants as pieces of sexual assault evidence. Due to condom lubricants having a chemical composition resembling PHPs, the investigation of both sample groups was analyzed to prevent false positives. Although …