Chemistry Commons^™

Chem 235-002: Physical Chemistry Ii, Lev Krasnoperov

Chemistry, Environmental and Forensic Science Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Chem 126a-002: General Chemistry Lab Ii, A Castro

Chemistry, Environmental and Forensic Science Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Chem 245-002: Organic Chemistry For Chemical Engineers, Yuanwei Zhang

Chemistry, Environmental and Forensic Science Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Chem 125-002: General Chemistry I, Alexander Butherus

Chemistry, Environmental and Forensic Science Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Chem 244a-006: Organic Chemistry Ii Lab, Ngozi Onyia

Chemistry, Environmental and Forensic Science Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Evsc 616-002: Toxicology, Pradyot Patnaik

Chemistry, Environmental and Forensic Science Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Toward An Enzyme-Coupled, Bioorthogonal Platform For Methyltransferases: Probing The Specificity Of Methionine Adenosyltransferases, Tyler D. Huber

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Methyl group transfer from S-adenosyl-l-methionine (AdoMet) to various substrates including DNA, proteins, and natural products (NPs), is accomplished by methyltransferases (MTs). Analogs of AdoMet, bearing an alternative S-alkyl group can be exploited, in the context of an array of wild-type MT-catalyzed reactions, to differentially alkylate DNA, proteins, and NPs. This technology provides a means to elucidate MT targets by the MT-mediated installation of chemoselective handles from AdoMet analogs to biologically relevant molecules and affords researchers a fresh route to diversify NP scaffolds by permitting the differential alkylation of chemical sites vulnerable to NP MTs that are unreactive to …

Novel Adsorbent For Industrial Wastewater Treatment Applications, Islam M. Al-Akraa, Ahmed Y. Zakaria Eng, Dalia A. Ali Eng, Hany A. Elazab Dr, Hoda A. Elsawy Dr

Chemical Engineering

In this study, the hydroxyapatite powder is investigated for both of methylene blue and thymol blue in aqueous solution. The physical and chemical properties of the adsorbent were evaluated systematically using the different techniques including Microsoft Excel programming, linear regression model and also the coefficient of determination. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to determine the effect of contact time, solution pH, initial dye concentrations, and also the adsorbent dosage on adsorption. The adsorption kinetic parameters confirmed the better fitting of pseudo-second order kinetic model for both of methylene blue and thymol blue. The isotherm data of methylene blue and thymol …

Enhanced Electro-Oxidation Of Methanol At Pt-Au Nanocatalyst For Direct Methanol Fuel Cells, Islam M. Al-Akraa Dr., Yaser M. Asal Mr, Ahmad M. Mohammad Prof

Chemical Engineering

In this investigation, a Pt-Au nanocatalyst prepared by the coelectrodeposition of Pt (PtNPs) and Au (AuNPs) nanoparticles is assembled onto a glassy carbon (GC) electrode for efficient methanol oxidation (MO). Several molar ratios between PtNPs and AuNPs have been used and the corresponding catalytic activity towards MO is tracked. The Pt1:Au1 catalyst showed the highest catalytic activity (5 times higher oxidation peak current (Ip) and a 126 mV negative shift in the onset potential (Eonset) toward MO). The catalyst’s morphology, composition and activity are investigated and the ehancement mechanism is recognized.

A Simple And Effective Way To Overcome Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Of Platinum Surfaces In Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells, Islam M. Al-Akraa Dr., Yaser M. Asal Mr, Sohair A. Darwish Ms

Chemical Engineering

A glassy carbon (GC) electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs), Pt/MWCNTs-GC, has been introduced for formic acid electro-oxidation (FAO). A similar loading of PtNPs has been conserved for a proper comparison between the Pt/MWCNTs-GC and the unmodified Pt/GC electrodes. The modification with MWCNTs could enhance the loading of PtNPs onto the GC electrode in a way that minimizes its agglomeration and increases its dispersion in the CNTs network. This not only increases the surface area exposed to the reaction but also interrupts the contiguity of the Pt active sites minimizing the adsorption of the poisoning …

A Promising Modification Of Pt Surfaces With Cnts For Decreasing Poisoning Impact In Direct Methanol Fuel Cells, Islam M. Al-Akraa Dr., Yaser M. Asal Mr, Aya A. Khalifa Ms.

Chemical Engineering

Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are clean energy sources that have many applications due to the high energy density of methanol as a fuel. However, this type of fuel cells (FCs) has limitations that are preventing it from being commercialized. One such limitation is the adsorption of intermediates such as CO into the surface of the Platinum (Pt) catalyst during methanol oxidation (MO) which deactivates its active sites, where the reaction is taking place, and leads to poisoning of the electrode over the long term. In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been introduced to the Pt-modified glassy carbon …

Quantitative Analysis Of Xylene Mixtures Using A Handheld Raman Spectrometer, Lauren Reilly

Honors College Theses

No abstract provided.

Transactivation Of Human Endogenous Retroviruses By Tumor Viruses And Their Functions In Virus-Associated Malignancies., Jungang Chen, Maryam Foroozesh, Zhiqiang Qin

Faculty and Staff Publications

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), viral-associated sequences, are normal components of the human genome and account for 8–9% of our genome. These original provirus sequences can be transactivated to produce functional products. Several reactivated HERVs have been implicated in cancers and autoimmune diseases. An emerging body of literature supports a potential role of reactivated HERVs in viral diseases, in particular viral-associated neoplasms. Demystifying studies on the mechanism(s) of HERV reactivation could provide a new framework for the development of treatment and prevention strategies targeting virus-associated tumors. Although available data suggest that coinfection by other viruses, such as Kaposi’s Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) …

Electroplating With Zinc, Erinn Dady

A with Honors Projects

Electroplating is a process that uses an electric current running through an electrolyte solution to form a thin coating (or “plate”) of one type of metal over another. For this experiment, the student attempts to electroplate pieces of copper with zinc by using Parkland’s new Volteq HY machines. The sources of metal used were thin sheets of copper and zinc, along with various concentrations of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) solutions. ZnSO4 is an electrolyte, which is a chemical compound that dissociates into ions and is a good conductor of electricity.

Molecular Characterization Of Free Tropospheric Organic Aerosol And The Development Of Computational Tools For Molecular Formula Assignment, Simeon Schum

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Organic aerosol affects human health and climate. These effects are largely determined by the composition of the organic aerosol, which is a complex mixture of species. Understanding the complexity of organic aerosol is critical to determining its effect on human health and climate. In this study, long range transported organic aerosol collected at the Pico Mountain Observatory was analyzed using ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry. Organic aerosol transported in the free troposphere had an overall lower extent of oxidation than aerosol transported in the boundary layer. It was hypothesized that the lower oxidation was related to a more viscous phase state …

Towards The Discovery Of Oligonucleotide Cross-Linking Agents, Bhaskar Halami

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Oligonucleotide cross-linking agents are expected to become a new class of antisense drugs. They function by first hybridizing with a complementary mRNA and then form a covalent bond to permanently link the mRNA to the oligonucleotide agent. Because of covalent cross-linking, this new class of antisense drugs are expected to have much higher potency than existing ones.

Some oligonucleotide cross-linking agents have appeared in the literature, but they have various drawbacks, which include slow cross-linking rate and reversible cross-linking. To address these problems, we designed a series of new cross-linking oligonucleotides with a range of different reactivities. These oligonucleotides were …

Energy Transfer Between Eu2+ And Mn2+ For Na(Sr,Ba)Po4 And Ba2mg(Bo3)2, Kevin Bertschinger

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

There is no debate of the affect that solid-state lighting has had on the world we live in. Throughout the centuries, lighting has continued to improve from kerosene lanterns to white light emitting diodes. Even though lighting today is sufficient there is still much room to improve color rendering index and efficiency. An active area of research to improve today's lighting technology is by doping inorganic phosphors with luminescent ion centers. There have been numerous reports of inorganic phosphors showing a variety of emission color and luminescence. In this thesis we discuss two new inorganic phosphors codoped with Eu^{2+ …}

Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes For Sensitive Determination Of Lysosomal & Mitochondrial Ph In Live Cells, Wafa Mazi

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Varied intracellular pH levels are critical for various physiological processes such as enzymatic activity, cell proliferation and apoptosis, ion transport, and muscle contraction. Cellular compartments, like lysosomes, must retain an acidic environment (pH ~ 4.5) to activate hydrolytic enzymes necessary for the breakdown of large biomolecules. Another cellular organelle, the mitochondria, provides the cell with energy and must retain an alkalis environment (pH ~ 8.0) for proper function. Substantial lysosomal and mitochondrial pH deviation is associated with cellular dysfunction and disease. Therefore, the precise detection of lysosomal and mitochondrial pH is essential to provide a better understanding of cellular physiological …

(E)-6,6′-(Diazene-1,2-Di­Yl)Bis­(1,10-Phenanthrolin-5-Ol) Tri­Chloro­Methane Disolvate: A Superconjugated Ligand, Muhib Ahmed, Michael Devereux, Vickie Mckee, Malachy Mccann, A. Denise Rooney

Articles

Phenanthroline ligands are important metal-binding mol­ecules which have been extensively researched for applications in both material science and medicinal chemistry. Azo­benzene and its derivatives have received significant attention because of their ability to be reversibly switched between the E and Z forms and so could have applications in optical memory and logic devices or as mol­ecular machines. Herein we report the formation and crystal structure of a highly unusual novel diazo-diphenanthroline compound, C24H14N6O2·2CHCl3.

Design,Formulation And Synthesis Of Uv/Thermal Dual Cure, Bio-Based Polyurethane Coatings, Ozlem Kubra Akdogan

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

In the present work, polyurethane resins have been synthesized using soybean oil based polyols (> 80% bio-renewable content) as a primary component. To overcome some of the limitations associated with soft and flexible structure of soy-based polyols, the resin has been designed with two unique set of functional groups –OH and acrylate, as a means of crosslinking sites. Such resin system can be cured by two independent cure mechanisms – (a) thermal (or ambient) curing of –OH groups by use of isocyanate cross-linkers, and (b) by UV-curing of acrylate functional groups using appropriate photoinitiators. Thus, this dual-curable system can provide …

Seasonal Variability Of Sediment Controls Of Carbon Cycling In An Agricultural Stream, Sophie Comer-Warner, Daren Gooddy, Sami Ullah, Luke Glover, Aishling Percival, Nicholas Kettridge, Stefan` Krause

Articles

Streams and rivers are‘active pipelines’where high rates of carbon (C) turnover can lead to globally importantemissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from surface waters to the atmosphere. Streambed sedi-ments are particularly important in affecting stream chemistry, with rates of biogeochemical activity, and CO2and CH4concentrations far exceeding those in surface waters. Despite an increase in research on CO2and CH4instreambed sediments there is a lack of knowledge and insight on seasonal dynamics. In this study the seasonallyvariable effect of sediment type (sand-dominated versus gravel-dominated) on porewater C cycling, includingCO2and CH4concentrations, was investigated. We found high concentrations of CO2and CH4in the …

An Investigation Of The Nature Of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type-I (Pai-I) To Improve Upon Known Small Molecule Inhibitors, Justin A. Powers

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-I (PAI-I ) is a serpin superfamily member protein that acts as the major inhibitor of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). At physiological levels, PAI-I plays an active role in regulating fibrinolysis, the process of normal blood clot degradation. Pathological levels of PAI-I have been linked to multiple health ailments: fibrosis, heart disease, cancer, and obesity. In recent years, PAI-1 has been the subject of targeted drug design. In this study, we identified a class of polyphenol compounds as the most capable of maintaining its inhibitory efficiency against vitronectin bound PAI-I in buffer …

I3: Isomerization Of Isomer Ions, Krisztián Gabor Torma

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Photoelectron Photoion Coincidence (PEPICO) spectroscopy is a robust tool for elucidating complex unimolecular dissociation mechanisms and for determining thermochemical and kinetic data of gas-phase ion dissociations with high accuracy. In this work, the dissociative photoionization of two sets of isomeric systems were analyzed with PEPICO: 1) C7H7+ ions of toluene (Tol) and 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene (CHT), and 2) two butyl alcohol isomers, 1-butanol and isobutanol. Threshold dissociative photoionization data on these four molecules of interest were collected on the imaging PEPICO apparatus at the VUV beamline of the Swiss Light Source. Data analysis was aided by ab initio calculations and Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) …

A Review: Thermal Stability Of Methylammonium Lead Halide Based Perovskite Solar Cells, Tanzila Tasnim Ava, Abdullah Al Mamun, Sylvain Marsillac, Gon Namkoong

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Perovskite solar cells have achieved photo-conversion efficiencies greater than 20%, making them a promising candidate as an emerging solar cell technology. While perovskite solar cells are expected to eventually compete with existing silicon-based solar cells on the market, their long-term stability has become a major bottleneck. In particular, perovskite films are found to be very sensitive to external factors such as air, UV light, light soaking, thermal stress and others. Among these stressors, light, oxygen and moisture-induced degradation can be slowed by integrating barrier or interface layers within the device architecture. However, the most representative perovskite absorber material, CH_{3 …}

The Importance Of Properly Modeling The Hydrogen Bond In Histidine, Falonne M. Tchodimo, Guoquan Zhou, Hua-Jun Fan

Pursue: Undergraduate Research Journal

The hydrogen bond plays a vital role in many reactions. This study is to investigate the effect of different hydrogen bonding modes, such as single and double hydrogen bonds, via the quantum mechanic (QM) methods. Four histidine models (A, B, C, and D) with different numbers of intra-molecular hydrogen bonds were studied. The QM model results indicate that the double hydrogen bond is plausible and has a more stable geometry. However, this study suggests that the data from QM methods require further evaluation with solvation models to produce an even better energy profile.

Pursue Undergraduate Research Journal Volume 2 (Issue 1) 2019

Pursue: Undergraduate Research Journal

The scholarly journal, “PURSUE: Undergraduate Research Journal” (ISSN 2473-6201), provides undergraduates an avenue to publish their original research abstracts and articles in the following areas: psychology, sociology, biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, computer science, mathematics, humanities, agriculture, architecture, health, business, and education (this list is not exclusive).

The original research articles included in this journal are peer reviewed and selected by the journal’s Editorial Board. The review process allows undergraduate researchers to receive feedback from notable scientists in their field of study and teach them about the publication process. Publication of their work will not only inform the scientific community; it …

One-Pot Enol Silane Formation-Mukaiyama Aldol Reactions: Crossed Aldehyde-Aldehyde Coupling, Thioester Substrates, And Reactions In Ester Solvents, C. Wade Downey, Grant J. Dixon, Jared A. Ingersoll, Claire A. Fuller, Kenneth W. Maccormac, Anna Takashima, Rohina Sediqui

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) and a trialkylamine base promote both in situ enol silane/silyl ketene acetal formation and Mukaiyama aldol addition reactions between a variety of reaction partners in a single reaction flask. Isolation of the required enol silane or silyl ketene acetal is not necessary. For example, crossed aldol reactions between α-disubstituted aldehydes and non-enolizable aldehydes yield b- hydroxy aldehydes in good yield. In a related reaction, the common laboratory solvent ethyl acetate functions as both an enolate precursor and a green reaction solvent. When thioesters are employed as enolate precursors, high yields for additions to non-enolizable aldehydes are routinely …

First Generation Amperometric Biosensing Of Galactose With Xerogel-Carbon Nanotube Layer-By-Layer Assemblies, Najwa Labban, Mulugeta B. Wayu, Ciara M. Steele, Tess S. Munoz, Julie A. Pollock, William S. Case, Michael C. Leopold

Chemistry Faculty Publications

A first-generation amperometric galactose biosensor has been systematically developed utilizing layer-by-layer (LbL) construction of xerogels, polymers, and carbon nanotubes toward a greater fundamental understanding of sensor design with these materials and the potential development of a more efficient galactosemia diagnostic tool for clinical application. The effect of several parameters (xerogel silane precursor, buffer pH, enzyme concentration, drying time and the inclusion of a polyurethane (PU) outer layer) on galactose sensitivity were investigated with the critical nature of xerogel selection being demonstrated. Xerogels formed from silanes with medium, aliphatic side chains were shown to exhibit significant enhancements in sensitivity with the …

Halogen Bonding Interactions For Aromatic And Non-Aromatic Explosive Detection, Arjun K. A. Jaini, Lillian B. Hughes, Michael K. Kitimet, Kevin John Ulep, Michael C. Leopold, Carol A. Parish

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Improved sensing strategies are needed for facile, accurate and rapid detection of aromatic and nonaromatic explosives. Density functional theory was used to evaluate the relative binding interaction energies between halogen-containing sensor model molecules and nitro-containing explosives. Interaction energies ranged from –18 to –14 kJ/mol and highly directional halogen bonding interactions were observed with bond distances ranging between 3.0 and 3.4 Å. In all geometry optimized structures, the sigma-hole of electropositive potential on the halogen aligned with a lone pair of electrons on the nitro-moiety of the explosive. The computational results predict that the strongest interactions will occur with iodine-based sensors …

Development Of An In-Field Method For The Detection Of Barium In Various Water Samples Using Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry, Samantha Ridgway, Magdalena Wajrak

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This work presents a reliable, cost-effective, rapid and in-field voltammetric method for the detection of barium. The optimized method consists of an ultrathin mercury film deposited in situ on a glassy carbon electrode in dilute potassium chloride without deoxygenation, using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DP-ASV). Application of the method allowed for the quantitative determination of barium concentration in a variety of waters and brake pad dust samples. Comparative analysis of sample results from DP-ASV with inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) showed a mean percent difference of 1.8%.