Sports Sciences Commons^™

Quantification And Verification Of Cardiorespiratory Fitness In Adults With Prehypertension, Dharini M. Bhammar, Lung-Chang Chien

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research

Background: Low cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with increased risk of hypertension and atherosclerosis in adults with prehypertension. The purpose of this study was to quantify cardiorespiratory fitness and to examine the utility of supramaximal constant-load verification testing for validating maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) attainment in adults with prehypertension. Methods: Eleven adults (four women) with prehypertension (22.5 +/- 2.9 y; body mass index (BMI): 24.6 +/- 3.2 kg center dot m(2)) underwent an incremental exercise test followed 15 min later by a verification test at 105% of maximal work rate on a cycle ergometer. Results: There was no statistical difference in …

Trial Of Newgait System To Alter Running Mechanics In High School Athlete: A Case Report, Kathy Tooman, Jozie Weiler, Stacy Ruotsala, Sarah Breen

Other

Trial of NewGait System to Alter Running Mechanics in High School Athlete: a Case Report

Effects Of Racing Surface And Turn Radius On Fatal Limb Fractures In Thoroughbred Racehorses, Michael L. Peterson, Wayne T. Sanderson, Nurlan Kussainov, Sarah Jane Hobbs, Patti Miles, Mary C. Scollay, Hilary M. Clayton

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

North American Thoroughbred racing is conducted on three types of surfaces—dirt, turf, and synthetic. The tracks are oval, and races are run counterclockwise. The loading on right and left limbs is expected to differ as a function of turn radius, banking, surface, and gait asymmetry. Hind limbs and forelimbs also have different functions related to propulsion and turning, respectively. This study uses the Equine Injury Database for race starts from 1 January 2009 through 31 December 2014, to compare injury rates across participating North American racetracks. The data are limited to catastrophic injuries in which horses died or were euthanized …

The Effect Of Using Bolometric Exercises On Enhancing Explosive Strength Among Female Students Of The Faculty Of Physical Education At Yarmouk University, Mohammed A. Mqableh, Sulaiman M. Qazaqzeh, Bassam M. Khalifa, Sumayeh M. Ekhwelah

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للبحوث في التعليم العالي

The Effect of Using bolometric Exercises on Enhancing Explosive Strength among Female Students of the Faculty of Physical Education at Yarmouk University. The study purpose was to identify the effect of bolometric exercises on improving the explosive force of female students in the Faculty of Physical Education at Yarmouk University. The researchers used the experimental method. The sample consisted of 22 students in the course of preparation and physical fitness for the first semester of the academic year (2018-2019) and the sample was chosen by randomly. The researchers designed a training program that includes training exercises, consisting of (18) training …

Effects Of A Comprehensive School Health Program On Elementary Student Academic Achievement, Erin E. Centeio, Cheryl Somers, E. Whitney G. Moore, Noel Kulik, Alex Garn, Nate Mccaughtry

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

BACKGROUND: Improving the academic achievement of youth in the U.S. has been an area of interest for many decades and has been a critical indicator of future success of youth. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a comprehensive school physical activity and healthy eating program on 5th grade students’ academic achievement, specifically reading and math. METHODS: In total, 628 (intervention: 377, 54% female; comparison: 251, 49% female) 5th grade children participated across the six schools in a yearlong comprehensive health intervention, completing curriculum-based academic achievement measures at two-time points. RESULTS: Results showed …

Effectiveness Of Two Frequently Used Screening Tools In Identifying Depression And Anxiety In Collegiate Athletes, Adriana C. Isacke Do, Amy Haskins Phd, Christina Holt Md, Msc, Williams Dexter Md, Facsm

Journal of Maine Medical Center

Introduction: To determine whether the Electronic Pre-participation Physical Examination (EPPE), a proprietary and frequently used tool, is an effective method for depression and anxiety screening in the collegiate athlete population as compared to the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4).

Methods: College athletes at a Division III university completed PHQ-4 questionnaires and a proprietary EPPE. Positive reponse rates to depression and/or anxiety for both questionnaires were collected and analyzed with a kappa (κ) statistic.

Results: Among 420 students, we found that 9 (2%) reported depression and/or anxiety via the EPPE. Of the 26 students (6%) who answered positively on the PHQ-4, we …

International Society Of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Caffeine And Exercise Performance, Nanci S. Guest, Trisha A. Vandusseldorp, Michael T. Nelson, Jozo Grgic, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Nathaniel D.M. Jenkins, Shawn M. Arent, Jose Antonio, Jeffrey R. Stout, Eric T. Trexler, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan, Erica R. Goldstein, Douglas S. Kalman, Bill I. Campbell

Publications and Research

Following critical evaluation of the available literature to date, The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) position regarding caffeine intake is as follows: 1. Supplementation with caffeine has been shown to acutely enhance various aspects of exercise performance in many but not all studies. Small to moderate benefits of caffeine use include, but are not limited to: muscular endurance, movement velocity and muscular strength, sprinting, jumping, and throwing performance, as well as a wide range of aerobic and anaerobic sport-specific actions. 2. Aerobic endurance appears to be the form of exercise with the most consistent moderate-to-large benefits from caffeine use, …

Effects Of Various Training Techniques On Bat Velocity Of High School Baseball Players, Ethan R. Crocker, Madeline L. Dow, Gina Leigh Kraft

Faculty Publications - Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science

Faster bat speed allows a baseball or softball player more time to decide how to hit the ball and provides more transfer of momentum to the ball (Nathan, 2003; Syzmanski, DeRenne, Spaniol, 2009). Purpose: This paper examines the effectiveness of three training strategies for improving bat speed among high school baseball players. Methods: Nine high school students were recruited and separated into 3 groups using different training implements. A standard bat (29 oz.), a weighted bat (45 oz.), and Therabands attached to a standard bat were used over a 3-week training program. Data were analyzed using a Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. Results: …

Side-To-Differences Of Medial Elbow Anatomy Adaptations In Youth Throwing Athletes, Rudolph Matthew Morrow

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Background: Injuries to the medial elbow are common in overhead sports, with the most common occurring at the medial/ulnar collateral ligament (UCL). Injury to the UCL is associated with elbow joint laxity which tends to develop over time in athletes who place their elbows under chronic valgus forces like those present during throwing. ^{27, 37} This instability is well documented in professional, collegiate, and high school athletes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the medial elbow joint width and common flexor tendon thickness in the arms of youth baseball players. The hypotheses were (1) the …

The Effect Of Different Balance Training Protocols On Athletes With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review, Jonathan Boruta, Nate Macdonald, Zackery Wroniuk-Evans, Joshua Wilkes

Student Research Poster Presentations 2021

Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI) is a prevalent topic in the world of sports physical therapy due to the high incidence of ankle sprains among athletes. Differing opinions on methods of treatment for CAI has generated an influx of research regarding the effectiveness of different treatment protocols. Unstable balance training, plyometrics/hop stabilization training, resistance training with balance, and combined interventions are currently being researched to determine their effects on athletes with CAI.

Preferences Of Collegiate Volleyball Players Regarding Leadership Style, Brooke Turner

2021 Faculty Bibliography

The purpose of this study was to determine the coaching style preferences of Division II and III female collegiate volleyball athletes. Five hundred and nine female student-athletes from 41 colleges/universities expressed their preferences using the Revised Leadership Scale for Sport (RLSS) (Zhang et al., 1997). The preference version of the RLSS included six behavior dimensions: autocratic, democratic, positive feedback, situational consideration, social support, and training and instruction behaviors. Descriptive statistics were used to determine training and instruction behaviors and situational consideration were the most preferred coaching styles for all athletes. Autocratic was the least preferred coaching style. Independent t tests …

Somatosensory Dysfunction Is Masked By Variable Cognitive Deficits Across Patients On The Alzheimer’S Disease Spectrum, Alex I. Wiesman, Victoria M. Mundorf, Chloe C. Casagrande, Sara L. Wolfson, Craig M. Johnson, Pamela E. May, Daniel L. Murman, Tony W. Wilson

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is generally thought to spare primary sensory function; however, such interpretations have drawn from a literature that has rarely taken into account the variable cognitive declines seen in patients with AD. As these cognitive domains are now known to modulate cortical somato-sensory processing, it remains possible that abnormalities in somatosensory function in patients with AD have been suppressed by neuropsychological variability in previous research. Methods: In this study, we combine magnetoencephalographic (MEG) brain imaging during a paired-pulse somatosensory gating task with an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests to investigate the influence of cognitive variability on estimated …

The Effect Of Warm-Up Protocols On The Occurrence Of Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome In High School Cross Country Athletes, Makayla Mack

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS, i.e. shin splints) is among one of the most frequently reported running-related musculoskeletal injuries. Minimal research has investigated the prevention of MTSS with limited evidence supporting few preventative measures. The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of which method of warming up could yield the most promising results for the prevention of MTSS in high school cross country athletes and to use this information to further educate coaches and athletes on the most efficacious protocols to implement in the future. METHODS: Participants were recruited via communication with high school cross country …

Guide To The Ann O. Coakley Collection, Bulk 1951-2015, Orson Kingsley

Archives & Special Collections Finding Aids

Ann Oldham Coakley was born in Norwood, MA in 1926. She graduated from Norwood High School in 1944, Boston University’s Sargent College in 1948, and the University of North Carolina, Greensboro in 1955. While a student at Sargent College, Coakley played lacrosse, tennis, field hockey, and softball. In 1951 she was named to the United States lacrosse touring team and spent 10 weeks traveling through Great Britain and Ireland while playing other national and regional teams.

In 1959 Coakley took a position at Bridgewater State teaching physical education. She began the woman’s lacrosse program at Bridgewater in 1960, serving as …

Player Pricing Mechanisms And The Daily Fantasy Sport Chance Versus Skill Debate, Jeremy M. Losak

Sport Management - All Scholarship

Differentiating and defining games of skill versus chance have major legal implications when classifying gambling, especially in relation to daily fantasy sports in the United States.This paper provides a theoretical discussion and introduces an empirical approach to analyzing game player pricing mechanisms. If game pricing mechanisms are fully efficient - player prices fully reflect the expected contributions from players-then that game is one of chance since there is no opportunity for skill to play a role in outcomes. This paper examines player prices from DraftKings' daily fantasy football product. Empirical results show that there are strategies deriving from the pricing …

Barriers Of Volunteerism For Coaches Of Collegiate Division I Swimming Programs, Richard Allen West

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Barriers to volunteerism are not researched often or concretely in specific volunteer populations. The aim of this project was to find agreement among a group of potential executive level volunteers in coaching to identify the most impactful and prevalent barriers preventing them from volunteer service. A Delphi study was utilized to identify and find consensus for these barriers as identified by the 30 collegiate swimming coaches who participated. A verification interview was administered to add further clarity to the results and allow participants to speculate as to methods to overcome the barriers listed. Key findings included the themes of dedicated …

Effect Of Blood Flow Restriction Training On Functional And Self-Reported Outcomes In Female Runners With Patellofemoral Pain, Lauren Nicole Erickson

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Background: Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is the leading cause of lower extremity injury in female runners, significantly limiting running ability and becoming chronic in nearly 50% of the cases. This condition, which presents as pain around (peripatellar) or behind (retropatellar) the patella, is associated with significant weakness of the quadriceps and gluteal musculature, as well as altered movements mechanics. The challenge for clinicians is designing an effective treatment program to reduce pain and improve function without causing symptoms to flare. Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) is a relatively new training method within rehabilitation that involves placing a pressurized cuff to the …

Employability Of The Doctor Of Athletic Training Degree Within Academe, Bonnie L. Van Lunen, Stephanie H. Clines, Tyler Reems, Lindsey E. Eberman, Dorice Ann Hankemeier, Cailee E. Welch Bacon

Athletic Training Faculty Publications

Context: The Doctor of Athletic Training (DAT) degree has recently been introduced into academe. Limited literature exists regarding how individuals with this degree can be utilized as athletic training faculty.

Objective: To identify department chairs' perceptions of the DAT degree and determine whether they view the degree as viable when hiring new faculty within a post-baccalaureate professional AT program.

Design: Cross-sectional survey design

Setting: Online survey instrument

Patients or Other Participants: 376 department chairs who had oversight of Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education athletic training programs were invited to participate. 190 individuals (50.5%) accessed the survey and 151 …

Science-Based Regulation Of Pharmacological Substances In Competition Horses, Jacob Machin

Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology

Current testing methodologies within equine forensic toxicology focus on arbitrary thresholds and zero-tolerance policy. Modern analytical chemistry’s limits of detection are low enough that oftentimes femtogram-per-milliliter amounts of a substance can readily be identified in both blood and urine of a horse. For most pharmacologically relevant compounds, these concentrations have no relevance to pharmacological effect. It is therefore crucial that testing methodologies to determine appropriate thresholds and cut-offs be developed that are driven by biological activity rather than arbitrary limits of detection. This dissertation looks to address this by suggesting a system of calculated Effective Plasma Concentrations by which a …

Exploring Sports Nutrition Knowledge In Elite Gaelic Footballers, Luke O'Brien, Kieran Collins, Farzad Amirabdollhian

Articles

Nutrition intake plays a crucial role in improving athletic performance, enhancing adaptations to training, and augmenting recovery from exercise. However, research has reported that Gaelic footballers consistently fail to meet energy and carbohydrate recommendations. Sports nutrition knowledge (SNK) can influence the dietary intake of athletes, and therefore has the potential to have a significant impact on athletic performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the current level of SNK in elite Gaelic footballers (n = 100). An online version of the Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (NSKQ) was used to assess sports SNK. The overall mean SNK scores …

Sport, Gender And Development : Intersections, Innovations And Future Trajectories, Lyndsay M C Hayhurst, Holly Thorpe, Megan Chawansky Dr.

Faculty Books

The ebook edition of this title is Open Access, thanks to Knowledge Unlatched funding, and freely available to read online. In a context where striving for gender equity in relation to achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals seems more pressing than ever before, Sport, Gender and Development: Intersections, Innovations and Future Trajectories bring together an exploration of sport feminisms to offer new approaches to research on Sport for Development and Peace (SDP) in global and local contexts. Including postcolonial and decolonial feminist lenses by drawing upon fieldwork with organizations and individuals in Afghanistan, Uganda, Nicaragua, and India, Sport, Gender and …

A Systematic Review Of Return To Sport Physical Performance Tests Of The Foot And Ankle, Michael Jeanfavre, Amy Humphrey, Matthew Klein

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

Objective

This systematic review sought to update a prior review and identify the current physical performance tests (PPT) that are used to determine return to sport (RTS) readiness in competitive athletes following musculoskeletal foot and ankle pathology. Methods The PubMed, CINHAL, and SPORTDiscus databases were systematically searched for articles using keywords related to PPT, RTS, and foot and ankle injuries. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the risk of bias (RoB) tools proposed by the CLARITY from the McMaster University of Health Sciences.

Results

Twenty-five articles (9 RCTs, 16 Non-RCTs) with 1372 subjects were included for the …

Footwear Affects Conventional And Sumo Deadlift Performance, Kevin A. Valenzuela, Kellie A. Walters, Elizabeth L. Avila, Alexis S. Camacho, Fany Alvarado, Hunter J. Bennett

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Barefoot weightlifting has become a popular training modality in recent years due to anecdotal suggestions of improved performance. However, research to support these anecdotal claims is limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the differences between the conventional deadlift (CD) and the sumo deadlift (SD) in barefoot and shod conditions. On day one, one-repetition maximums (1 RM) were assessed for thirty subjects in both the CD and SD styles. At least 72 h later, subjects returned to perform five repetitions in four different conditions (barefoot and shod for both CD and SD) at 70% 1 RM. A …

Effects Of A Run-Walk-Run Training Program On One Mile Time Trial Performance, Ashley Turpin

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

The purpose of this study was to describe the change in performance on a timed one-mile run-walk-run, following training in the Galloway Run Walk Run Training Method (GRWRTM). Operational procedures, data collection, and deidentification were performed by the GRWRTM program director prior to inclusion of this study. Over the span of multiple iterations, 42 (28 female and 14 male) participants met the qualifying criterion of performing the post-training, time trial 7, 14, or 21 days after initial testing. Descriptive statistics and t-tests for paired two sample means were performed on 1) all participants, 2) male participants, 3) female participants, 4) …

The Coaches’ Eye: Exploring Coach Decision-Making During Talent Identification, Alexandra Hannah Roberts

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

For decades, researchers and practitioners interested in talent identification have discussed the coaches’ eye: the elusive ability that allows some coaches to ‘see’ qualities in an athlete that point to their talent or future potential. While there is significant anecdotal evidence of coaches who possess this ability, there is little empirical research supporting the validity or reliability of the coaches’ eye. Guided by ecological dynamics, this thesis employs mixed methodologies to explore the decision-making that underpins how high-level coaches identify talent in Olympic combat sports. These four studies captured the processes of thirty- four coaches during the talent identification process, …

Cost-Effectiveness Of Exercise Medicine For Prostate Cancer, Kim Edmunds

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Background

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is associated with numerous adverse effects that impact on quality of life and contribute further to the cost burden of prostate cancer (PCa) via treatment and supportive care. Exercise medicine is effective in slowing PCa progression, reversing treatment adverse effects and improving quality of life and survival of patients, however, no economic analyses have been conducted to determine whether exercise is cost-effective in this population.

Objectives

Firstly, to examine the adverse effects of ADT for PCa and the evidence supporting the use of exercise medicine in their management. Secondly, to conduct the first economic evaluations …

Developing A Comprehensive Testing Battery For Mixed Martial Arts, Matthew Plush, Stuart N. Guppy, Kazunori Nosaka, Oliver Barley

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(4): 941-961, 2021. Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a combat sport that employs techniques from different combat disciplines. There are a multitude of technical and physiological characteristics that contribute to competitive success. Developing a single scientific assessment that can predict competitive outcomes poses great difficulty due to the complexity of MMA. While previous research has investigated some important physiological characteristics, there is no accepted best-practice for a comprehensive testing battery. As such, this study aimed to design and utilize a battery of physiological assessments to cover aerobic and anaerobic function, strength measures including explosive and …

Physical Activity And Self-Reported Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors In The Aboriginal Population In Perth, Australia, Measured Using An Adaptation Of The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (Gpaq), Tuguy Esgin, Deborah Hersh, Kevin G. Rowley, Rona Macniven, Kristen Glenister, Alan Crouch, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Complex, ongoing social factors have led to a context where metabolic syndrome (MetS) is disproportionately high in Aboriginal Australians. MetS is characterised by insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, high blood-sugar and low HDL-C. This descriptive study aimed to document physical activity levels, including domains and intensity and sedentary behaviour, and MetS risk factors in the Perth Aboriginal (predominately Noongar) community. Methods: The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), together with a questionnaire on self-reported MetS risk factors, was circulated to community members for completion during 2014 (n = 129). Results: Data were analysed using chi-squared tests. The average (SD) …

Muscle Length Influence On Rectus Femoris Damage And Protective Effect In Knee Extensor Eccentric Exercise, Ryoichi Ema, Kazunori Nosaka, Ryosuke Kawashima, Akihiro Kanda, Koya Ikeda, Ryota Akagi

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd This study tested the hypothesis that the magnitude of rectus femoris (RF) damage and the repeated bout effect (RBE) would be greater after knee extensor eccentric exercise performed in a supine (long RF lengths) than a sitting (short RF lengths) position, and the muscle length effects would be more prominent at the proximal than distal RF. Young untrained men were placed to one of the two groups (n = 14 per group). S group performed the knee extensor eccentric exercise in …

The Bench Press Grip Width Does Not Affect The Number Of Repetitions Performed At Different Velocity Loss Thresholds, Alejandro Pérez-Castilla, Ivan Jukic, G. Gergory Haff, Amador García-Ramos

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This study aimed (I) to compare the number of repetitions that can be completed to failure (XRM) and before reaching a 15%, 30%, or 45% velocity loss threshold (XVLT) in the bench press exercise performed using different grip widths, and (II) to examine the inter-individual variability in the percentage of completed repetitions with respect to the XRM when the set volume is prescribed based on a fixed number of repetitions (FNR) and several velocity loss thresholds (VLT). Nineteen men performed four separate sessions in a random order where there was a …